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Red Algal Extremophiles: Novel Genes and Paradigms

Microscopy Today 2020年第6期28卷 28-35页

作者： Julia Van Etten Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ08901

The Cyanidiophyceae are a class of unicellular red algae that live in environments at the extremes of temperature, pH, salt, and heavy metal concentrations. These photosynthetic organisms have been able to occupy these rather unusual niches by acquiring a variety of genes from extremophilic prokaryotes and/or viruses via the process of horizontal gene transfer (HGT). Elucidating how the proteins encoded by these genes integrate into existing metabolic systems is crucial to understanding and evaluating the significance of HGT in eukaryotes and its role in conferring adaptive traits. This article addresses the fundamentals of HGT in model red algae, its function as a driver of evolution across the web of life with a focus on eukaryotes, and summarizes ongoing work and the future directions of this field.

关键词： red algae eukaryotes horizontal gene transfer adaptation extremophiles

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The role of environmental temperature on movement patterns of giant anteaters

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Integrative Zoology 2022年第2期17卷 285-296页

作者： Aline GIROUX Zaida ORTEGA Alessandra BERTASSONI Arnaud Léonard Jean DESBIEZ Danilo KLUYBER Gabriel Favero MASSOCATO Guilherme DE MIRANDA Guilherme MOURÃO Luciana SURITA Nina ATTIAS Rita de Cassia BIANCHI Vinícius Peron de Oliveira GASPAROTTO Luiz Gustavo Rodrigues OLIVEIRA-SANTOS Ecology Department Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil Post Graduate Program of Ecology and Evolution Federal University of Goiás(UFG)GoiâniaGoiásBrazil Institute of Research and Conservation of Anteaters in Brazil(PROJETO TAMANDUÁ) ParnaíbaPiauíBrazil Institute for the Conservation of Wild Animals(ICAS) Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil Royal Zoological Society of Scotland(RZSS) MurrayfieldEdinburghUK Institute for Ecological Research(IPÊ) NazaréPaulistaSão PauloBrazil Naples Zoo at Caribbean Gardens NaplesFloridaUSA The Houston Zoo HoustonTexasUSA National Institute of Criminalistics-Federal Police BrasíliaBrazil Embrapa Pantanal CorumbáMato Grosso do SulBrazil Natural Resources Graduate Program(PRONAT)-Federal University of Roraima(UFRR) Boa VistaRoraimaBrazil Animal Biology Graduate Program Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul(UFMS)Campo GrandeMato Grosso do SulBrazil Animal Biology Department São Paulo State University(UNESP)São Josédo Rio PretoSão PauloBrazil Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health School of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of São Paulo(USP)São PauloSPBrazil Brazilian Institute for Conservation Medicine(TRÍADE) RecifePernambucoBrazil

Mammals can show conspicuous behavioral responses to thermal variation,including changes in movement *** used an integrative approach to understand how environmental temperature can drive the movement behavior of a mammal with low capacity for physiological thermoregulation,the giant anteater(Myrmecophaga tridactyla).We tracked 52 giant anteaters in 7 areas throughout the Brazilian *** estimated the distance moved,area used,use of forest areas,and mean environmental temperature for each monitoring day of each *** modeled these data with Mixed Structural Equations—considering the possible interactions between our variables and controlling for sex and body *** anteaters reduced displacement and increased forest use with decreasing environmental temperature,probably because of their low body heat *** is possible that they reduce distance moved and area used by reducing the duration of *** decreasing temperature,forest habitats become warmer than open ones,besides buffer rain and chilly *** displacement and using forests are important strategies to reduce body heat loss and the energetic costs of ***,decreasing movement can limit food access and,consequently,***,we highlight the importance of forests as thermal *** increasing frequency and intensity of extreme weather events,we showed the need to preserve forest patches to offer suitable conditions for tropical mammals’behavioral *** this context,policies favoring deforestation on Brazilian territory are especially ***,we emphasize the need of integrative approaches to understand the complex interactions between organisms and the environment.

关键词： behavioral thermoregulation biologging habitat use mixed structural equations movement ecology

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Taxonomic and Functional Turnover Driving Alfa and Beta-Diversity in Neotropical Inselbergs

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Pinto-Junior, Herval Vieira Müller, Larissa Areal de Carvalho Neri, Andreza Viana Laboratory of Ecology and Evolution of Plants Department of Plant Biology Graduate Program in Botany Universidade Federal de Viçosa UFV. PH Rolfs s/n Campus UniversitárioMG ViçosaCEP 36570-900 Brazil

The biodiversity concept can go further on than calculating only the number of species. Besides local diversity measured by α-diversity, the simplest way to measure the diversity is the floristic dissimilarity between two or more sites. Despite its importance, the α- and β-taxonomic diversities approach is not sufﬁcient to understand the community assembly rules and their effects on the ecosystem process, other faces of biodiversity need to be considered, such as the trait-based diversity. We analyzed the diversities and community assembly in eight inselbergs in Southeastern Brazil, even as linked the β-diversities and their decomposed component to understand the contribution of turnover and nestedness to β-diversities indexes. Due to the isolation characteristics of inselbergs, we expect to find a high turnover value among the inselberg communities. We also tested whether functional richness follows the null expectation due to the taxonomic richness pattern observed. The structure and α-diversities showed significant differences among inselbergs, as well as an evident oligarchic structure in plant communities analyzed. Both β-diversities and their respective turnovers were significantly correlated, with a great contribution of the turnover component to β-diversities indexes. This pattern can be the result of a strong niche filtering along historical events, which may afford diversiﬁcation of several taxa and lineages during the recolonization process. Furthermore, dispersal limitations due to biogeographical isolation can reflect the outcomes of high taxonomic turnover, speciation, and isolated evolutionary lineages of the inselberg’s flora. As comparison between β-diversities is scarce, our study demonstrated that these two faces of biodiversity are integrated, necessary, and can help to prioritize conservation efforts at inselbergs ecosystems. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biodiversity

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Heterotrophic bacterial diazotrophs are more abundant than their cyanobacterial counterparts in metagenomes covering most of the sunlit ocean (Oct, 10.1038/s41396-021-01135-1, 2021)

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ISME JOURNAL 2022年第4期16卷 1203-1203页

作者： Delmont, Tom O. Pierella Karlusich, Juan Jose Veseli, Iva Fuessel, Jessika Eren, A. Murat Foster, Rachel A. Bowler, Chris Wincker, Patrick Pelletier, Eric Génomique Métabolique Genoscope Institut François Jacob CEA CNRS Univ Evry Université Paris-Saclay 91057 Evry France Research Federation for the study of Global Ocean systems ecology and evolution FR2022/Tara GOsee Paris France Institut de Biologie de l’ENS (IBENS) Département de biologie École normale supérieure CNRS INSERM Université PSL 75005 Paris France Graduate Program in Biophysical Sciences University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago IL 60637 USA Bay Paul Center Marine Biological Laboratory Woods Hole MA 02543 USA Department of Ecology Environment and Plant Sciences Stockholm University Stockholm Stockholm 106 91 Sweden

Biological nitrogen fixation contributes significantly to marine primary productivity. The current view depicts few cyanobacterial diazotrophs as the main marine nitrogen fixers. Here, we used 891TaraOceans metagenomes derived from surface waters of five oceans and two seas to generate a manually curated genomic database corresponding to free-living, filamentous, colony-forming, particle-attached, and symbiotic bacterial and archaeal populations. The database provides the genomic content of eight cyanobacterial diazotrophs including a newly discovered population related to known heterocystous symbionts of diatoms, as well as 40 heterotrophic bacterial diazotrophs that considerably expand the known diversity of abundant marine nitrogen fixers. These 48 populations encapsulate 92% of metagenomic signal for knownnifHgenes in the sunlit ocean, suggesting that the genomic characterization of the most abundant marine diazotrophs may be nearing completion. Newly identified heterotrophic bacterial diazotrophs are widespread, express theirnifHgenes in situ, and also occur in large planktonic size fractions where they might form aggregates that provide the low-oxygen microenvironments required for nitrogen fixation. Critically, we found heterotrophic bacterial diazotrophs to be more abundant than cyanobacterial diazotrophs in most metagenomes from the open oceans and seas, emphasizing the importance of a wide range of heterotrophic populations in the marine nitrogen balance.

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It's about time: Feeding competition costs of sociality are affected more by temporal characteristics than spatial distribution

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ecology and evolution 2024年第4期14卷 e11209页

作者： Ekanayake-Weber, Marcy Mathew, Namita Cunha, Deanna Payen, Nathanael Grimm, Volker Koenig, Andreas Department of Anthropology Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY United States Interdepartmental Doctoral Program in Anthropological Sciences Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY United States Department of Computer Science Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY United States Department of Ecological Modeling Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ Leipzig Germany Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Stony Brook University Stony Brook NY United States

For most herbivorous animals, group-living appears to incur a high cost by intensifying feeding competition. These costs raise the question of how gregariousness (i.e., the tendency to aggregate) could have evolved to such an extent in taxa such as anthropoid primates and ungulates. When attempting to test the potential benefits and costs, previous foraging models demonstrated that group-living might be beneficial by lowering variance in intake, but that it reduces overall foraging success. However, these models did not fully account for the fact that gregariousness has multiple experiences and can vary in relation to ecological variables and foraging competition. Here, we present an agent-based model for testing how ecological variables impact the costs and benefits of gregariousness. In our simulations, primate-like agents forage on a variable resource landscape while maintaining spatial cohesion with conspecifics to varying degrees. The agents' energy intake rate, daily distance traveled, and variance in energy intake were recorded. Using Morris Elementary Effects sensitivity analysis, we tested the sensitivity of 10 model parameters, of which 2 controlled gregarious behavior and 8 controlled food resources, including multiple aspects of temporal and spatial heterogeneity. We found that, while gregariousness generally increased feeding competition, the costs of gregariousness were much lower when resources were less variable over time (i.e., when calorie extraction was slow and resource renewal was frequent). We also found that maintaining proximity to other agents resulted in lower variance in energy intake when resources were more variable over time. Thus, it appears that the costs and benefits of gregariousness are strongly influenced by the temporal characteristics of food resources, giving insight into the pressures that shaped the evolution of sociality and group living, including in our own lineage. © 2024 The Authors. ecology and evolution published by Jo

关键词： agent-based model foraging group living resource availability resource distribution resource quality

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Neural responses to pup calls and pup odors in California mouse fathers and virgin males

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Behavioural Brain Research 2022年第0期434卷 000-000页

作者： Wilson, Kerianne M. Arquilla, April M. Rosales-Torres, Kelsey M. Hussein, Manal Chan, May G. Razak, Khaleel A. Saltzman, Wendy Department of Evolution Ecology and Organismal Biology University of California Riverside Riverside CA United States Neuroscience Graduate Program University of California Riverside Riverside CA United States Department of Psychology University of California Riverside Riverside CA United States

The onset of mammalian maternal care is associated with plasticity in neural processing of infant-related sensory stimuli;however, little is known about sensory plasticity associated with fatherhood. We quantified behavioral and neural responses of virgin males and new fathers to olfactory and auditory stimuli from young, unfamiliar pups in the biparental California mouse (Peromyscus californicus). Each male was exposed for 10 min to one of four combinations of a chemosensory stimulus (pup-scented or unscented cotton [control]) and an auditory stimulus (pup vocalizations or white noise [control]). Behavior did not differ between fathers and virgins during exposure to sensory stimuli or during the following hour;however, males in both groups were more active both during and after exposure to pup-related stimuli compared to control stimuli. Fathers had lower expression of Fos in the main olfactory bulbs (MOB) but higher expression in the medial preoptic area (MPOA) and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis medial division, ventral part (STMV) compared to virgins. Lastly, males had higher Fos expression in MPOA when exposed to pup odor compared to control stimuli, and when exposed to pup odor and pup calls compared to pup calls only or control stimuli. These findings suggest that the onset of fatherhood alters activity of MOB, MPOA and STMV and that pup odors and vocalizations have additive or synergistic effects on males’ behavior and MPOA activation. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Bed nucleus of stria terminalis Fos Main olfactory bulb Medial preoptic area Olfaction Paternal behavior Peromyscus californicus Vocalizations

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Communicating Science Through Press Releases to News Media: The Case Study of What Is Controlling the Fabled Water Clarity of Lake Tahoe

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Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 2024年第2期33卷 73-76页

作者： Chandra, Sudeep Paerl, Hans W. Melack, John Lovejoy, Connie Priscu, John C. Bess, Zach Coil, John Goldman, Charles R. Brett, Michael T. Suenaga, Erin Nava, Veronica Global Water Center University of Nevada Reno NV United States Institute of Marine Sciences University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Morehead City NC United States Bren School of Environmental Science and Management University of California Santa Barbara Santa Barbara CA United States Département de Biologie Québec Océan Université Laval Québec QC Canada Montana State University Bozeman MT United States Ecology Evolution and Conservation Biology Graduate Program University of Nevada Reno NV United States JC Oil Environmental Consulting Davis CA United States Tahoe Research Group University of California Davis Emeritus Davis CA United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of Milano-Bicocca MI Milano Italy

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Cover Image

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evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 2024年第1期33卷

作者： Catherine K. Miller Jeremy M. DeSilva Department of Anthropology Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire USA Ecology Evolution Ecosystems and Society Graduate Program Dartmouth College Hanover New Hampshire USA Evolutionary Studies Institute University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa

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Using authentic science in climate change education

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Applied Environmental Education and Communication 2019年第4期18卷 350-381页

作者： Jordan, Rebecca Sorensen, Amanda E. Shwom, Rachael Robinson, Jennifer Meta Isenhour, Cynthia Gray, Steven Nucci, Mary Ebert-May, Diane Human Ecology and Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ United States Ecology and Evolution Graduate Program Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ United States Department of Anthropology Indiana University Bloomington IN United States Department of Anthropology University of Maine Orono ME United States Community Sustainability and Department of Plant Biology Michigan State University East Lansing MI United States Human Ecology Rutgers University New Brunswick NJ United States

In this article, we argue that engagement with authentic science is a means to mediate trust and motivation in those who are learning about climate change. To illustrate the argument, we provide a curricular example that focuses on authentic climate science data. We conclude with an example of how researchers from multiple disciplines can use model-based reasoning to collaboratively design educational experiences. © 2018, © 2018 Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

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Corrigendum to “Socio-economic status and occupational mobility of China’s Fishery Population: A quantitative analysis based on social-survey data” [Fish. Res. 285(2025) 107362]

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Fisheries Research 2025年 285卷

作者： Yi Huang Ulf Dieckmann Mikko Heino Coastal and Ocean Management Institute Xiamen University Xiamen 361102 China Evolution and Ecology Program & Advancing Systems Analysis Program International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Schlossplatz 1 Laxenburg A2361 Austria Complexity Science and Evolution Unit Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University (OIST) 1919-1 Tancha Onna Kunigami Okinawa 904-0495 Japan Department of Evolutionary Studies of Biosystems The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai) Hayama Kanagawa 240-0193 Japan Department of Biological Sciences University of Bergen Box 7803 Bergen N-5020 Norway Institute of Marine Research Box 1870 Nordnes Bergen N-5817 Norway

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