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Optics Continuum 2025年第4期4卷 789-803页

作者： Esteban Farfán-Guillén, David Camporez, Higor Silva, Jair Adriano Lima Castellano Rodriguez, Juan Camilo Pohl, Alexandre De Almeida Prado CPGEI–Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Technology Paraná Curitiba80230–901 Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo Vitória29075-960 Brazil

Visible light communications (VLC) enable wireless data transmission using existing light-emitting diode (LED) illumination. This experimental study evaluates the performance of multiple input and multiple output (MIMO) configurations in indoor VLC systems by analyzing their impact on both communication and illumination. Various MIMO setups (2 × 2, 3 × 2, and 4 × 2) are compared against single input single output (SISO), and single input multiple outputs (SIMO) schemes, using commercial LED luminaires as transmitters. While the 4 × 2 MIMO configuration demonstrates superior overall performance, intermediate configurations like 3 × 2 or 2 × 2 MIMO offer an attractive trade-off between system complexity and performance enhancement, particularly in scenarios with space or cost constraints. The results show that MIMO configurations significantly outperform SISO systems, achieving reliable communication (BER ≤ 10−3) at practical indoor distances of up to 2 meters while maintaining illumination levels above 300 lux, where conventional SISO setups do not meet these dual requirements. These findings demonstrate the practical feasibility of MIMO-VLC systems for indoor deployments. © 2025 Optica Publishing Group under the terms of the Optica Open Access Publishing Agreement.

关键词： Frequency division multiplexing Modulation techniques Multiple input multiple output Quadrature amplitude modulation Signal processing Visible light communications

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Heuristic-Based Recommendation System for Dealing with Abnormal Situations in Industrial Applications

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ASCE-ASME Journal of Risk and Uncertainty in engineering Systems, Part B: Mechanical engineering 2025年第2期11卷 021104页

作者： Da Silva, Márcio J. Pereira, Carlos E. PPGEE-Graduate Program on Electrical Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande Do sul RS Porto Alegre90035190 Brazil

The effective management of process deviations and abnormal events depends on operational actions in providing the appropriate responses to each situation. Applications with requirements focused on the provision of resources tend to be handled by a human-machine interface (HMI) along with supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA). Process reliability is achieved if the operation ensures that actions will be performed according to the required response and priority levels. This paper presents a novel architecture entitled the heuristic-based recommendation system (HB-RS). The main goal is to provide resources capable of streamlining the process of actively handling abnormal situations. For recommendation purposes, the use of probabilistic networks is proposed, which are well suited to represent uncertainty elements present in engineering applications. To create the inference mechanism for these systems, a multi-entity Bayesian network (MEBN) is proposed, highlighting the importance of semantic characterization via knowledge-based, probabilistic graphical model formalism, which is closely linked to the modeling paradigm in which we can predict situations. The developed capabilities have been applied to a real case study in the operation of a metro train system, and the results obtained indicate the value of the proposed method. Copyright © 2025 by ASME.

关键词： Subway cars

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Measuring Public Wi-Fi Security Awareness via Captive Portal Connections Using a Microcontroller

Measuring Public Wi-Fi Security Awareness via Captive Portal...

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2024 Workshop on Communication Networks and Power Systems, WCNPS 2024

作者： Mariano, Hyago Santana Cafe, Daniel Chaves Professional Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering-PPEE Department of Electrical Engineering Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798331507152

This article proposes the implementation of a captive portal system on a microcontroller to assess users' maturity regarding the safe use of public Wi-Fi networks. The use of public Wi-Fi networks has become increasingly common in places like cafes, airports, shopping centers, and hotels. However, many users are unaware of the risks associated with using these unsecured networks, such as personal information theft, privacy invasion, and cyberattacks. This study aims to utilize a microcontroller to generate a signal mimicking a known public network, where, upon user login, an educational authentication portal will be displayed. This portal will not only provide information about security risks but also evaluate the users' maturity level in adopting safe practices on public Wi-Fi networks, offering guidelines on how to protect their data and devices. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Wi-Fi

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Reduced-RSS: Reduced Residual Search Space for Nash Bargaining Solutions

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年第5期74卷 8215-8225页

作者： Cha, Chaeyeon Park, Hyunggon Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Seoul03760 Korea Republic of

A fair and efficient resource allocation is crucial to maximize the efficiency of vehicular networks with time-varying resources among dynamically changing vehicles. The Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) from the cooperative game theory has been one of the fair and optimal resource management solutions for multiple users. However, the computational complexity required to find the NBS for general utility functions exponentially increases either as the number of users increases or as the resources change over time. This is because the size of bargaining sets where the NBS should be found changes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to reduce the size of the search spaces by considering the adjacent bargaining sets correlated by resource changes. We use the axiom of independence of linear transformations in NBS for the linear approximation of NBS in the adjacent bargaining sets based on its linear transform, leading to reduced residual search space. Moreover, we prove that the NBS is always included in the reduced residual search space based on the axiom of independence of irrelevant alternatives in NBS. Through simulations and experiments on synthetic and real traffic data, we demonstrate that the complexity of existing algorithms for NBS is lowered with the reduced residual search spaces. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： NIST Resource management Heuristic algorithms Vectors Dynamical systems Computational complexity Accuracy Vehicle dynamics Dynamic scheduling System performance

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Correntropy-Based Data Selective Adaptive Filtering

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IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers 2024年第2期71卷 754-766页

作者： Chien, Ying-Ren Wu, Sheng-Teng Tsao, Hen-Wai Diniz, Paulo S.R. Adaptive and Autonomous Communication Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering National Ilan University Yilan City260007 Taiwan College of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Program of Electrical Engineering Department of Electronics and Computer Engineering COPPE/Poli Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro68504 Brazil

Data selection can be used in conjunction with adaptive filtering algorithms to avoid unnecessary weight updating and thereby reduce computational overhead. This paper presents a novel correntropy-based data selection method as an alternative to conventional data selection mechanisms based on squared error values. We developed a variable correntropy sensing algorithm to maximize the instantaneous correntropy function for the Gaussian kernel function to mitigate the impact of impulse noise and other forms of noise that can be disregarded in data selection. The proposed data selection mechanism can be implemented with any adaptive filtering algorithm. In simulations, the proposed method (implemented with the least mean squared algorithm) outperformed comparable error-based data selection schemes in terms of hit rate and miss rate, and the resulting weight updating ratio was close to the expected weight updating ratio. © 2023 IEEE. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission.

关键词： Adaptive filters

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Optimal Sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Grid-Connected Power Systems

Optimal Sizing of Battery Energy Storage Systems in Grid-Con...

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2024 IEEE URUCON, URUCON 2024

作者： Medeiros, Gabriel. L. Souza, Benemar. A. Federal University of Campina Grande Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering Campina Grande Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350355383

This paper presents a novel methodology for optimal sizing of multiple Battery Energy Storage Systems (BESS) in grid-connected Hybrid Generation Systems (HGS), focusing on centralized dispatch of wind and photovoltaic sources. Using Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO), the study evaluates key reliability indicators, such as dispatch expectations, curtailment reduction, and grid impact, to determine the optimal BESS size. Climatological data from Brazil and load profiles from the Brazilian Northeast system are utilized to assess the BESS impact on the grid. Applied to two configurations on the IEEE 14-bus test grid, the methodology identifies optimal BESS capacities of 33.33 MWh for Site A and 19.47 MWh for Site B, achieving reductions of 8.15% in system inflexibility, 9.09% in curtailment potential, and 8.34% in slack-bus import fluctuations. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Battery storage

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Generation of Synthetic Series for Hydroelectric Plants in Brazilian Interconnected System by Metaheuristic 59

Generation of Synthetic Series for Hydroelectric Plants in B...

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59th International Universities Power engineering Conference, UPEC 2024

作者： Mosqueira Furtado, Renato Andrade Marques Marcato, Andre Luis Da Silva Junior, Ivo Chaves Federal University of Juiz de Fora Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Juiz de Fora Brazil Federal University of Juiz de Fora Department of Electrical Engineering Juiz de Fora Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350379730

This article aims to explain the use of the intelligent technique known as Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm for generating synthetic series for hydroelectric plants which belong to the Brazilian interconnected system. Thus, the metaheuristic is responsible for determining the best coefficients as well as the optimal order for each month which may represent historical data based on an optimization problem whose objective function is to minimize the standard deviation of errors between the real and estimated water inflow values. Finally, with the optimal coefficients and order, the next step is to generate synthetic flow series considering a period of five years ahead, guaranteeing forecasts of inflow energy which are coherent with the historical data. The simulations were carried out considering Itaipu, Belo Monte, Tucuruí and Comp PAF-MOX hydroelectric plants whose results show the applicability of the Arithmetic Optimization Algorithm for generating flow scenarios allowing a convincing energy planning. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Hydroelectric power plants

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Chattering-Free Fault-Tolerant Cluster Control and Fault Direction Identification for HIL UAV Swarm With Pre-Specified Performance

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2025年第1期12卷 183-197页

作者： Pei-Ming Liu Xiang-Gui Guo Jian-Liang Wang Daniel Coutinho Lihua Xie the Beijing Engineering Research Center of Industrial Spectrum Imaging School of Automation and Electrical Engineering University of Science and Technology Beijing the Shunde Graduate School of University of Science and Technology Beijing IEEE Autonomous Intelligent Systems Department Hangzhou Innovation Institute of Beihang University the Department of Automation and Systems Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina the School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University

In this paper, the problem of pre-specified performance fault-tolerant cluster consensus control and fault direction identification is solved for the human-in-the-loop(HIL) swarm unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) in the presence of possible nonidentical and unknown direction faults(NUDFs) in the yaw *** control strategy begins with the design of a pre-specified performance event-triggered observer for each individual *** observers estimate the outputs of the human controlled UAVs, and simultaneously achieve the distributed design of actual control signals as well as cluster consensus of the observer *** is worth mentioning that these observers require neither the high-order derivatives of the human controlled UAVs' output nor a priori knowledge of the initial conditions. The fault-tolerant controller realizes the pre-specified performance output regulation through error transformation and the Nussbaum function. It should be pointed out that there are no chattering caused by the jump of the Nussbaum function when a reverse fault occurs. In addition, to provide a basis for further solving the problem of physical malfunctions, a fault direction identification algorithm is proposed to accurately identify whether a reverse fault has occurred. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed control and fault direction identification strategies when the reverse faults occur.

关键词： Chattering-free cluster consensus fault direction identification human-in-the-loop (HIL) nonidentical and unknown direction faults (NUDFs) pre-specified performance swarm unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs)

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Learning feature alignment and dual correlation for few‐shot image classification

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 303-318页

作者： Xilang Huang Seon Han Choi Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

Few‐shot image classification is the task of classifying novel classes using extremely limited labelled *** perform classification using the limited samples,one solution is to learn the feature alignment(FA)information between the labelled and unlabelled sample *** FA methods use the feature mean as the class prototype and calculate the correlation between prototype and unlabelled features to learn an alignment ***,mean prototypes tend to degenerate informative features because spatial features at the same position may not be equally important for the final classification,leading to inaccurate correlation ***,the authors propose an effective intraclass FA strategy that aggregates semantically similar spatial features from an adaptive reference prototype in low‐dimensional feature space to obtain an informative prototype feature map for precise correlation ***,a dual correlation module to learn the hard and soft correlations was developed by the *** module combines the correlation information between the prototype and unlabelled features in both the original and learnable feature spaces,aiming to produce a comprehensive cross‐correlation between the prototypes and unlabelled *** both FA and cross‐attention modules,our model can maintain informative class features and capture important shared features for *** results on three few‐shot classification benchmarks show that the proposed method outperformed related methods and resulted in a 3%performance boost in the 1‐shot setting by inserting the proposed module into the related methods.

关键词： image classification machine learning metric learning

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Automation of User Pace-Adjusted Treadmill: Comparison of Control Methods based on LRF Sensors 46

Automation of User Pace-Adjusted Treadmill: Comparison of Co...

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46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, EMBC 2024

作者： Moreno, Brayan S. Mello, Ricardo C. Frizera, Anselmo Federal University of Espírito Santo Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering ES Vitória Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350371499

Neurological disorders affect gait and posture, leading to significant difficulties in daily life. Traditional gait assessment lacks objective and quantifiable data, hindering comprehensive evaluation. To address these limitations, interactive and objective systems, such as smart walkers and specialized treadmills, have been developed utilizing advanced technologies to gather detailed gait data. This study focuses on evaluating two control strategies (A controller based on adaptive estimation of gait parameters and a PI controller-based systems) to automate a conventional treadmill, utilizing LRF sensors and the user's walking speed for personalized system control. The results demonstrate high adaptability of the control models to gait variations, surpassing reported walking speeds in the literature using these algorithms. These findings are relevant for enhancing user interaction and experience in rehabilitation applications and serious games, which can enable improvements in rehabilitation and human-machine interaction. Our results show that the strategy employing adaptive filters exhibits superior responsiveness, enabling adaptation to different treadmill speeds with greater ease. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Adaptive filtering

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