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Temperature Dependent Anomalous Threshold Voltage Modulation of a-IGZO TFT by Incorporating Variant Gate Stresses

ECS Journal of Solid State Science and Technology 2024年第6期13卷 065008-065008页

作者： Aslam, Muhammad Chang, Shu-Wei Chen, Yi-Ho Lee, Yao-Jen Li, Yiming Lee, Wen-Hsi Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 701401 Taiwan Graduate Degree Program of College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation Industry Academic Innovation School National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu 300093 Taiwan

Amorphous indium gallium zinc oxide (a-IGZO) has recently made significant advancement as a key material for electronic component design owing to its compatibility with complementary metal oxide semiconductor technologies. A comprehensive analysis of reliability-related issues is required to determine the true potential of a-IGZO-based devices for next-generation electronics applications. To address this objective, we electrically characterize scaled-channel a-IGZO thin film transistors (TFTs) under positive bias (temperature) stress (PB(T)S). Both PBS and PBTS are characterized by positive and negative V_th shift, respectively, during the various gate stresses. In particular, the negative V_th shift is explained by the generation of donor-like traps stimulated by ionization of oxygen vacancy/hydrogen at elevated temperature. The TFTs exhibit relatively decent stability during the PBS operation. The analysis of devices with variant channel dimensions implies that long-channel devices exhibit relatively higher stability and performance compared to the short-channel ones. We also observe that the V_th can be controllably adjusted by employing the top gate (TG) with bottom gate sweep. Moreover, the stress-induced partial recovery mechanism is experimentally observed owing to detrapping of charges. Generally, the reported results infer a perceptive understanding of scaled-channel a-IGZO-TFTs which helps with shaping performance-enhancement strategies. © 2024 The Author(s). Published on behalf of The Electrochemical Society by IOP Publishing Limited

关键词： amorphous IGZO-TFT electrical instabilities hydrogen-impact scaling impact on reliability

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Mathematical Analysis and Space Vector Modulation of the Three-phase Buck-Boost Rectifier with Reactive Power Capability

Mathematical Analysis and Space Vector Modulation of the Thr...

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IEEE Energy Conversion Congress and Exposition, ECCE

作者： Yan Pontes Figueiredo Montie Alves Vitorino Jens Friebe Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering (PPgEE-COPELE) Industrial Electronics and Machine Drive Laboratory (LEIAM) Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG) Campina Grande Brazil Department of Power Electronics University of Kassel Kassel Germany

ISBN: (数字)9798350376067

ISBN: (纸本)9798350376074

Buck-boost current-source based converters are attractive for applications in electric vehicles (EVs) due to several inherent benefits regarding high-power charging. However, methods are still needed to increase the efficiency of these converters. This paper covers a mathematical analysis of the three-phase buck-boost rectifier with reactive power capability and shows its equation and operating conditions for a wide range of power factors. In addition, the control strategy based on space vector modulation (SVM) is presented in detail, as well as the passive elements design. Experimental results show that the converter modulated by SVM is more efficient in terms of switching losses compared to scalar modulation.

关键词： Support vector machines Reactive power Mathematical analysis Modulation Rectifiers Switching loss Energy conversion Aerospace electronics Electric vehicles Vectors

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Small atoms fall into bulk from non-close-packed surfaces?

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Ono, Shota Satomi, Honoka Yuhara, Junji Department of Electrical Electronic and Computer Engineering Gifu University Gifu501-1193 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya464-8603 Japan

Surface rippling has been observed when atoms of X and A are mixed on the A substrate surface. The rippling amplitude has been estimated using hard sphere models. We present a gedanken experiment predicting a penetration of small atoms into bulk through the (100) surface. To understand how the electronic effects alter this picture, we investigate the surface rippling of X/A(100) from first-principles, assuming X = H to Bi except for noble gases and A = Cu, Ag, and Au. We show that the small atoms (such as H, C, N, O and F) attract electrons from the substrate due to the large electronegativity, which prevent them from passing through the void in the (100) surface. The behaviors of small atoms are further explored by studying lateral displacements of the top layer in the A substrate and a formation of the X dimer above, below, and across the top layer. The present work provides an example to understand when atoms are not hard spheres. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Atoms

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Partial Discharge Source Classification Based on Machine Learning and PRPD

Partial Discharge Source Classification Based on Machine Lea...

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International Conference on High Voltage engineering and Application, ICHVE

作者： João Victor Jales de Melo George Rossany Soares de Lira Edson Guedes Da Costa Pablo Bezerra Vilar Antonio Francisco Leite Neto Lenilson Andrade Barbosa Allan David Da Costa Silva Ana Cristina de Freitas Marotti André Irani Costa Post-graduate Program Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Electrical Engineering Department Federal University of Campina Grande Campina Grande Brazil Eletrobras S.A. Rio de Janeiro Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798350374988

ISBN: (纸本)9798350374995

A method for analyzing partial discharges is proposed to detect faults and evaluate the operational status of electrical system assets. Initially, the effectiveness of the method was hindered by electromagnetic interferences affecting the sensor, including corona, surface discharges, and radio signals. To address this challenge, multiple layers of signal processing were introduced. This paper proposes a new methodology for noise removal and classification of partial discharge sources based on clustering pulses by attributes derived from their shape. Consequently, it became feasible to distinguish partial discharges from the various sources of interference present in the measurements. The methodology was tested using a dataset of partial discharge measurements obtained from Current Transformers at an Eletrobras group substation in Brazil. Through this testing, the methodology proved capable of assessing the status of the analysed equipment.

关键词： Partial discharges Partial discharge measurement Substations Current transformers Current measurement Noise Fault location

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Assessing and Comparing the Role of Machine Learning (ML) and Supply Chain Management (SCM) Towards Enhancing E-Commerce 2

Assessing and Comparing the Role of Machine Learning (ML) an...

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2nd International Conference on Advance Computing and Innovative Technologies in engineering, ICACITE 2022

作者： Wisetsri, Worakamol Syam, Elgamar Alanya-Beltran, Joel Kulkarni, Gopal Ramchandra Vardhan Reddy, R Krishna Alam Sheikh, Mohammed Firdos Faculty of Business and Industrial Development Department of Manufacturing and Service Industry Management Thailand Universitas Islam Kuantan Singingi Department of Informatics Teluk Kuantan Indonesia Universidad Tecnológica del Perú Electronic Department Peru Electrical Engineering Annasaheb Dange College of Engineering and Technology Ashta416301 India Osmania University Business Management-MBA Badruka College Post Graduate Centre Telangana Hyderabad India Ss College of Engineering Rajasthan Udaipur India

ISBN: (数字)9781665437899

ISBN: (纸本)9781665437899

The current dynamism of the business environment revolves around supply chain management as the Organisation are poised in procuring the raw materials, transport it to the warehouse for processing and then distributing to the customers. The time and effort involved in the distribution channels need to be reduced so that the customers get the products on time and will save more cost for the Organisation. The implementation of machine learning (ML) tools enables the management in using various technologies to track the purchase request, enable in monitoring the movement of goods on a real time basis and take proper action so that the products are delivered on time to the customers. The advent of internet has enabled the customers to procure goods and services through online and this has enabled in increasing the revenues and profitability of the business. Hence, the management are focused in using various technologies to strengthen their SCM so that the goods can be tracked on a real time basis and support in achieving the sustainable development. It can be regarded that the today's competitive environment enables in realizing the customer expectation in an effective manner, the impact of globalization has compelled many companies to be highly competent in servicing their customers effectively This study is more focused in understanding the impact of ML in enhancing the SCM operations in the Organisation, the current pandemic situation has forced companies to rethink their strategies on the supply chain management so as to enhance the performance, reduce cost and meet the needs of the customers in an effective manner. The paper enables in understanding the critical issues and analyses the association with the ecommerce for achieving sustainable development. The study will apply positivism research design as it supports the researcher to understand the area of study in a more elaborate manner, furthermore the researcher uses quantitative research tools for gathering th

关键词： Customer satisfaction

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The impact of the precautionary measures taken in the kingdom of Bahrain to contain the outbreak of COVID-19

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Arab Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences 2021年第1期28卷 195-203页

作者： AlSayegh, Mona Abdul Karim Iqbal, Azhar Environment and Sustainable Development Program College of Science University of Bahrain Bahrain Department of Mathematics College of Science University of Bahrain Bahrain School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering University of Adelaide SA Australia

As a worldwide pandemic is unavoidable, its spread must be observed to reduce and contain it. The Kingdom of Bahrain sought to implement the World Health Organization (WHO) directives to take precautionary measures and appropriate preventive steps to limit the spread of the coronavirus among people and developed an integrated plan to contain it. This study purposes to investigate the effect of precautionary and preventive measures in limiting the spread of coronavirus in Bahrain. Statistics and the details of precautionary measures described in this study are obtained from websites maintained by the Ministry of Health (MOH) in Bahrain. The calculated number of infected and death cases is determined by using polynomial functions that fit the data. The outcomes obtained showed that the number of cumulative infected and death cases were less than the expected numbers except for certain periods. Reopening stores and businesses that provide direct services to people after their two-week closing resulted in a 36% increased in infected cases than expected in the closing period. When the lockdown continued, the number of infected people dropped to 64% of the total number of detected infections. In accordance with our results, it is expected that the number of infected cases will gradually decrease till late March 2021. With continuing lockdown and their compliance in implementing the precautionary measures with consciousness, it is anticipated that Bahrain will soon be in the final state of the epidemic. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group on behalf of the University of Bahrain.

关键词： Coronavirus COVID-19 Kingdom of Bahrain pandemic polynomial functions precautionary measures

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Long Short Term Memory Neural Network (LSTMNN) and inter-symbol feature extraction for 160 Gbit/s PAM4 from silicon micro-ring transmitter

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Optics Communications 2023年 529卷

作者： Peng, Ching-Wei Chan, David W.U. Chow, Chi-Wai Hung, Tun-Yao Jian, Yin-He Tong, Yeyu Kuo, Pin-Cheng Chen, Guan-Hong Liu, Yang Yeh, Chien-Hung Tsang, Hon Ki Department of Photonics & Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Photonics & Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering College of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Chiao Tung University Hsinchu30010 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin Hong Kong China Philips Electronics Ltd. Shatin Hong Kong Department of Photonics Feng Chia University Taichung40724 Taiwan

We propose and experimentally illustrate the use of Long Short Term Memory Neural Network (LSTMNN) and inter-symbol feature extraction (IFE) to recover 4-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) data transmitted from a silicon micro-ring modulator (SiMRM) operated at 160 Gbit/s. Pre-hard-decision (HD) forward error correction (FEC) requirement (i.e. bit-error-rate, BER −3) is achieved in the 160 Gbit/s PAM4 signal produced using a 47-GHz bandwidth SiMRM after 1 km single-mode-fiber (SMF) transmission. © 2022 Elsevier B.V.

关键词： Error correction

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Design of Covid-19 Tracing System based on Bluetooth Low Energy 23

Design of Covid-19 Tracing System based on Bluetooth Low Ene...

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23rd International electronics Symposium, IES 2021

作者： Ali, Mochammad Fahmi Hadi, Moch. Zen Samsono Sudibyo, Rahardhita Widyatra Briantoro, Hendy Electronic Engineering Polytechnic Institute of Surabaya Department of Electrical Engineering Surabaya Indonesia Okayama University Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology 2-1-1 Tsushima-Naka Kita-ku700-8530 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781665443463

Prevention of the spread of disease is the most critical effort before the domino effect occurs. One way to prevent its spread is to practice social distancing. Prevention of the spread of covid-19 can be easier by doing Contact Tracing. Contact tracing is done to find out who is infected. This paper proposes an accurate and energy-efficient tracing system based on an android application by utilizing Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) signals from smartphones to automatically detect possible contacts between users. Using BLE level signals, each app estimates its distance to its opponent. However, calculating the approximate distance with a BLE level signal cannot yield a sufficiently accurate number. Therefore, the prototype of the contact tracing system implements zoning based on the signal level. The results show that the Received Signal Strength Indicator (RSSI) threshold at one meter is accurate for tracing, provided that the devices share the same chipset. Moreover, it is pretty energy-efficient to be installed on a user's Android smartphone because it only requires 14.17 mAh for 6 hours of operation or the equivalent of 2.14 mAh per hour. © 2021 IEEE.

关键词： Bluetooth

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Data Acquisition for a Magnetic Levitation Vehicle

Data Acquisition for a Magnetic Levitation Vehicle

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IEEE Annual Southern Power electronics Conference (SPEC)

作者： Gabriel Klajman Messer Elkin Ferney Rodriguez Velandia Richard Magdalena Stephan César Augusto Gonçalves Amado Program of Electrical Engineering (PEE) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering (DEE) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering (DEL) Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

The main objective of this paper is to discuss the data acquisition of the MagLev-Cobra magnetic levitation vehicle. The vehicle is located at the Technology Center of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. It was inaugurated in 2014 and is the first vehicle of its kind to use superconducting levitation in the world. As in other technological systems, it is extremely important to analyze the magnitudes related to its operation and efficiency. In this work, the main characteristics of the MagLev-Cobra are discussed, in addition to the analysis of experimental data of the magnitudes to be sensed.

关键词：

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A Novel Isolated Intelligent Adjustable Buck-Boost Converter with Hill Climbing MPPT Algorithm for Solar Power Systems

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Processes 2023年第4期11卷

作者： Sabir, Bushra Lu, Shiue-Der Liu, Hwa-Dong Lin, Chang-Hua Sarwar, Adil Huang, Liang-Yin Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei 106 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan Undergraduate Program of Vehicle and Energy Engineering National Taiwan Normal University Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering ZHCET Aligarh Muslim University Aligarh202002 India Graduate Institute of Manufacturing Technology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei106 Taiwan

This study proposes a new isolated intelligent adjustable buck-boost (IIABB) converter with an intelligent control strategy that is suitable for regenerative energy systems with unsteady output voltages. It also serves as a reliable voltage source for loads such as battery systems, microgrids, etc. In addition, the hill climbing (HC) maximum power point tracking (MPPT) algorithm can be utilized with this innovative IIABB converter to capture the MPP and then enhance system performance. In this converter, five inductors (LA, LB, LC, LD, and LE) and four power MOSFETs (SA, SB, SC, and SD) are used in the proposed novel isolated intelligent adjustable buck-boost (IIABB) converter to adjust the applied voltage across the load side. It also has a constant, stable output voltage. The new IIABB converter is simulated and verified using MATLAB R2021b, and the performances of the proposed IIABB converter and conventional SEPIC converter are compared. The solar photovoltaic module output voltages of 20 V, 30 V, and 40 V are given as inputs to the proposed IIABB converter, and the total output voltage of the proposed converter is 48 V. In the new IIABB converter, the duty cycle of the power MOSFET has a small variation. The proposed IIABB converter has an efficiency of 92~99%. On the other hand, in the conventional SEPIC converter, the duty cycle of a power MOSFET varies greatly depending on the relationship between the output and input voltage, which deteriorates the efficiency of the converter. As a result, this research contributes to the development of a novel type of IIABB converter that may be employed in renewable energy systems to considerably increase system performance and reduce the cost and size of the system. © 2023 by the authors.

关键词： Buck-Boost converter

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