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Comparison of Polarized Radiative Transfer Codes Used by the EHT Collaboration

The Astrophysical Journal 2023年第1期950卷 35-35页

作者： Ben S. Prather Jason Dexter Monika Moscibrodzka Hung-Yi Pu Thomas Bronzwaer Jordy Davelaar Ziri Younsi Charles F. Gammie Roman Gold George N. Wong Kazunori Akiyama Antxon Alberdi Walter Alef Juan Carlos Algaba Richard Anantua Keiichi Asada Rebecca Azulay Uwe Bach Anne-Kathrin Baczko David Ball Mislav Baloković John Barrett Michi Bauböck Bradford A. Benson Dan Bintley Lindy Blackburn Raymond Blundell Katherine L. Bouman Geoffrey C. Bower Hope Boyce Michael Bremer Christiaan D. Brinkerink Roger Brissenden Silke Britzen Avery E. Broderick Dominique Broguiere Sandra Bustamante Do-Young Byun John E. Carlstrom Chiara Ceccobello Andrew Chael Chi-kwan Chan Dominic O. Chang Koushik Chatterjee Shami Chatterjee Ming-Tang Chen Yongjun Chen Xiaopeng Cheng Ilje Cho Pierre Christian Nicholas S. Conroy John E. Conway James M. Cordes Thomas M. Crawford Geoffrey B. Crew Alejandro Cruz-Osorio Yuzhu Cui Mariafelicia De Laurentis Roger Deane Jessica Dempsey Gregory Desvignes Vedant Dhruv Sheperd S. Doeleman Sean Dougal Sergio A. Dzib Ralph P. Eatough Razieh Emami Heino Falcke Joseph Farah Vincent L. Fish Ed Fomalont H. Alyson Ford Raquel Fraga-Encinas William T. Freeman Per Friberg Christian M. Fromm Antonio Fuentes Peter Galison Roberto García Olivier Gentaz Boris Georgiev Ciriaco Goddi Arturo I. Gómez-Ruiz José L. Gómez Minfeng Gu Mark Gurwell Kazuhiro Hada Daryl Haggard Kari Haworth Michael H. Hecht Ronald Hesper Dirk Heumann Luis C. Ho Paul Ho Mareki Honma Chih-Wei L. Huang Lei Huang David H. Hughes Shiro Ikeda C. M. Violette Impellizzeri Makoto Inoue Sara Issaoun David J. James Buell T. Jannuzi Michael Janssen Britton Jeter Wu Jiang Alejandra Jiménez-Rosales Michael D. Johnson Svetlana Jorstad Abhishek V. Joshi Taehyun Jung Mansour Karami Ramesh Karuppusamy Tomohisa Kawashima Garrett K. Keating Mark Kettenis Dong-Jin Kim Jae-Young Kim Jongsoo Kim Junhan Kim Motoki Kino Jun Yi Koay Prashant Kocherlakota Yutaro Kofuji Shoko Koyama Carsten Kramer Michael Kramer Thomas P. Krichbaum Cheng-Yu Kuo Noemi La Bella Tod R. Lauer Daeyoung L CCS-2 Los Alamos National Laboratory P.O. Box 1663 Los Alamos NM 87545 USA bprather@lanl.gov JILA and Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences University of Colorado Boulder CO 80309 USA Department of Astrophysics/IMAPP Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec.4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Center of Astronomy and Gravitation National Taiwan Normal University No. 88 Sec. 4 Tingzhou Road Taipei 116 Taiwan R.O.C. Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics Academia Sinica 11F of Astronomy-Mathematics Building AS/NTU No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan R.O.C. Department of Astronomy and Columbia Astrophysics Laboratory Columbia University 550 W. 120th Street New York NY 10027 USA Center for Computational Astrophysics Flatiron Institute 162 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10010 USA Department of Astrophysics Institute for Mathematics Astrophysics and Particle Physics (IMAPP) Radboud University P.O. Box 9010 6500 GL Nijmegen The Netherlands Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College London Holmbury St. Mary Dorking Surrey RH5 6NT UK Institut für Theoretische Physik Goethe-Universität Frankfurt Max-von-Laue-Straße 1 D-60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany Department of Physics University of Illinois 1110 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA Department of Astronomy University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 1002 West Green Street Urbana IL 61801 USA NCSA University of Illinois 1205 W. Clark Street Urbana IL 61801 USA CP3-Origins University of Southern Denmark Campusvej 55 DK-5230 Odense M Denmark School of Natural Sciences Institute for Advanced Study 1 Einstein Drive Princeton NJ 08540 USA Princeton Gravity Initiative Princeton University Princeton NJ 08544 USA Massachusetts Institute of Technology Haystack Observatory 99 Millstone Road Westford MA 01886 USA National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osaw

Interpretation of resolved polarized images of black holes by the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) requires predictions of the polarized emission observable by an Earth-based instrument for a particular model of the black hole accretion system. Such predictions are generated by general relativistic radiative transfer (GRRT) codes, which integrate the equations of polarized radiative transfer in curved spacetime. A selection of ray-tracing GRRT codes used within the EHT Collaboration is evaluated for accuracy and consistency in producing a selection of test images, demonstrating that the various methods and implementations of radiative transfer calculations are highly consistent. When imaging an analytic accretion model, we find that all codes produce images similar within a pixel-wise normalized mean squared error (NMSE) of 0.012 in the worst case. When imaging a snapshot from a cell-based magnetohydrodynamic simulation, we find all test images to be similar within NMSEs of 0.02, 0.04, 0.04, and 0.12 in Stokes I, Q, U, and V, respectively. We additionally find the values of several image metrics relevant to published EHT results to be in agreement to much better precision than measurement uncertainties.

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Single-cell morphological analysis for rapid antimicrobial susceptibility test

Single-cell morphological analysis for rapid antimicrobial s...

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International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： J. Choi J. Yoo M. Lee E.-G. Kim J. S. Lee S. Lee S. Joo S. H. Song E.-C. Kim J. C. Lee H. C. Kim Y.-G. Jung S. Kwon Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea QuantaMatrix Inc. Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering Seoul National University Graduate School Seoul Republic of Korea Department of Laboratory Medicine School of Medicine” Incheon Republic of Korea Department of Laboratory Medicine Seoul National-University Hospital Seoul Republic of Korea Institute of Medical and Biological Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Republic of Korea

A rapid antibiotic susceptibility test (AST) is desperately needed in clinical settings for fast and appropriate antibiotic administration. Traditional ASTs, which rely on cell culture, are not suitable for urgent cases of bacterial infection and antibiotic resistance owing to their relatively long test times. Here, we describe a novel AST called single-cell morphological analysis (SCMA) that can determine antimicrobial susceptibility by automatically analyzing and categorizing morphological changes in single bacterial cells under various antimicrobial conditions. The SCMA was tested with four Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute standard bacterial strains and 189 clinical samples from hospitals. The results were compared with the gold standard broth microdilution test. The SCMA results were obtained in less than 4 hours with 91.5% categorical agreement and 6.51% minor, 2.56% major, and 1.49% very major discrepancies. Thus, SCMA provides rapid and accurate antimicrobial susceptibility data.

关键词： Microorganisms Antibiotics Strain Immune system Microfluidics Standards Imaging

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Evaluation of a mobile augmented reality application for image guidance of neurosurgical interventions

Evaluation of a mobile augmented reality application for ima...

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21st Medicine Meets Virtual Reality Conference, NextMed/MMVR 2014

作者： Kramers, Matthew Armstrong, Ryan Bakhshmand, Saeed M. Fenster, Aaron De Ribaupierre, Sandrine Eagleson, Roy Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program University of Western Ontario Canada Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences University of Western Ontario Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Western Ontario Canada Robarts Research Institute University of Western Ontario Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781614993742

Image guidance can provide surgeons with valuable contextual information during a medical intervention. Often, image guidance systems require considerable infrastructure, setup-time, and operator experience to be utilized. Certain procedures performed at bedside are susceptible to navigational errors that can lead to complications. We present an application for mobile devices that can provide image guidance using augmented reality to assist in performing neurosurgical tasks. A methodology is outlined that evaluates this mode of visualization from the standpoint of perceptual localization, depth estimation, and pointing performance, in scenarios derived from a neurosurgical targeting task. By measuring user variability and speed we can report objective metrics of performance for our augmented reality guidance system.© 2014 The authors and IOS Press. All rights reserved.

关键词： Augmented reality

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Photonic sensors as imaging tools for industrial monitoring

Photonic sensors as imaging tools for industrial monitoring

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Optical Sensors, 2014

作者： Martelli, Cicero Da Silva, Marco J. Da Silva, Jean C.C. Morales, Rigoberto E.M. Da Silva, Erlon V. Zamarreño, Carlos R. Baroncini, Virginia Mezzadri, Felipe Patyk, Rodolfo Dutra, Guilherme Bazzo, João Vendruscolo, Tiago P. Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Technology - Paraná Curitiba PR80230-901 Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Federal University of Technology - Paraná Curitiba PR80230-901 Brazil Tractebel Energia S/A Quedas do Iguaçu PR Brazil Electrical and Electronic Engineering Department Public University of Navarra Pamplona NA Spain

Single point, quasi-distributed and distributed optical (fiber) sensors are demonstrated to be robust and reliable tools for one, two and three dimensional imaging of physical phenomena in industrial monitoring. Real ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557528209

关键词： Fiber Bragg gratings Image sensors Sensors Spatial resolution Temperature sensors Three dimensional imaging Fiber Bragg gratings (060.3735) Optical sensing and sensors (280.4788) Flow diagnostics (280.2490)

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Comparison between wire and wireless EEG acquisition systems based on SSVEP in an Independent-BCI

Comparison between wire and wireless EEG acquisition systems...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： Richard M. G. Tello Sandra M. T. Müller Teodiano Bastos-Filho Andre Ferreira Post-Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering (PPGEE). UFES Vitoria Brazil Department of Computer and Electronics (CEUNES) Brazil

This paper presents a comparison between two different technologies of acquisition systems (BrainNet36 and Emotiv Epoc) for an Independent-BCI based on Steady-State Visual Evoked Potential (SSVEP). Two stimuli separat... 详细信息

关键词： Visualization Electrodes Indexes Accuracy Brain-computer interfaces Synchronization Feature extraction

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Comparison of new techniques based on EMD for control of a SSVEP-BCI

Comparison of new techniques based on EMD for control of a S...

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IEEE International Symposium on Industrial Electronics (ISIE)

作者： Richard M. G. Tello Sandra Mara Torres Müller Teodiano Bastos-Filho Andre Ferreira Post-Graduate Program of Electrical Engineering (PPGEE). UFES Vitoria Brazil Department of Computer and Electronics (CEUNES) Sao Mateus Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479924004

This paper presents the comparation of three different feature extraction techniques based on the Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) for a SSVEP-BCI. This approach based on the characterization of the signal by EMD, is proposed as a novel alternative to other techniques and it was demonstrated that it exceeds both in accuracy rate and Information Transfer Rate (ITR). The experiments were performed in an offline way, and seven volunteers participated of the study. The stimulis were generated both by LCD and LEDs. The frequencies used were 8, 11, 13 and 15 Hz. The results here reported such represent the average of the seven participants, achieving a success rate of 81% and ITR of 23.32 bits/min of the total set of cases analyzed. It is further confirmed that the highest success rates and ITRs were obtained for stimulation by LEDs.

关键词： Electrodes

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Multi-scale bio-inspired place recognition

Multi-scale bio-inspired place recognition

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IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA)

作者： Zetao Chen Adam Jacobson Uğur M. Erdem Michael E. Hasselmo Michael Milford School of Electrical Engineering Computer Science at the Queensland University of Technology Center for Memory and Brain and Graduate Program for Neuroscience at Boston University

This paper presents a novel place recognition algorithm inspired by the recent discovery of overlapping and multi-scale spatial maps in the rodent brain. We mimic this hierarchical framework by training arrays of Support Vector Machines to recognize places at multiple spatial scales. Place match hypotheses are then cross-validated across all spatial scales, a process which combines the spatial specificity of the finest spatial map with the consensus provided by broader mapping scales. Experiments on three real-world datasets including a large robotics benchmark demonstrate that mapping over multiple scales uniformly improves place recognition performance over a single scale approach without sacrificing localization accuracy. We present analysis that illustrates how matching over multiple scales leads to better place recognition performance and discuss several promising areas for future investigation.

关键词： Training Support vector machines Feature extraction Rodents Image segmentation Robot sensing systems

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A comparison of techniques and technologies for SSVEP classification

A comparison of techniques and technologies for SSVEP classi...

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Biosignals and Biorobotics Conference (BRC), ISSNIP

This paper presents the evaluation of seven techniques of feature extraction (PSD, F-Test, EMD, MCE, CCA, LASSO and MSI) for gaze-target detections in a SSVEP-based BCI. Two type of technologies for visual stimulation were used (LCD and LEDs). Five differents windows lengths (1, 2, 4, 5 and 10 s) were used and seven volunteers participated in this study. The highest accuracy obtained in all cases was 93.57% using LEDs and the highest ITR was 36.90 bits/min for LCD. The technique based on MSI shows the highest success rate in both cases (LCD or LED) and is even more noticeable when the window size is increased.

关键词： Feature extraction Light emitting diodes Electroencephalography Correlation Electrodes Visualization Accuracy

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Evolving fuzzy classifier based on clustering algorithm and drift detection for fault diagnosis applications

Evolving fuzzy classifier based on clustering algorithm and ...

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2014 Annual Conference of the Prognostics and Health Management Society, PHM 2014

作者： Inacio, Maurilio Lemos, Andre Caminhas, Walmir Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil Dept. of Computer Engineering Faculdade de Ciencia e Tecnologia de Montes Claros Montes Claros39400-142 Brazil Dept. of Electronic Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781936263172

Nowadays, in several areas, efficient fault diagnosis methods for complex machinery and equipments are required. Several fault diagnosis methods based on different theories and approaches have been proposed in the literature. In general, these methods use mathematical/statistical models, accumulated experience, or even process historical data to perform fault diagnosis. Although methods based on models or experience have shown to be effective, they have the disadvantage of requiring previous knowledge of the dynamic system in question. On the contrary, methods based on process historical data do not require a prior knowledge, they are based solely on data obtained directly from the dynamic system. The application of so-called "Evolving Intelligent Systems" to accomplish fault diagnosis from process data have been shown a promising approach. This paper proposes an evolving fuzzy classifier based on a new approach that combines a recursive clustering algorithm and a drift detection method and its application on dynamic systems fault diagnosis. The novel approach provides greater robustness to outliers and noise present in data from process sensors. The classifier is evaluated in fault diagnosis of an interacting tank system and the results are promising.

关键词： Failure analysis

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FPGA-based hardware/software implementation for MIMO wireless communications

FPGA-based hardware/software implementation for MIMO wireles...

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International electrical engineering Congress (iEECON)

作者： Korkeart Boonyi Jukkrit Tagapanij Akkarat Boonpoonga Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Telecommunication Engineering Department Mahanakom University of Technology Bangkok Thailand Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand

This paper proposes an efficient architecture for FPGA implementation of MGS-QRD in MIMO wireless communication systems. The proposed architecture is based on the Hardware/Software (HW/SW) design. To achieve the efficient architecture, the systolic architecture is applied to MGS-QRD and then the conventional QR triangular array of (2m 2 +2m+1) cells onto a linear architecture of m+1 cell is employed to reduce the number of required QR processors. The reduced cells are constructed with a number of basic processing elements such as multipliers and adders etc. The basic elements are constructed by HW architectures. The SW of PowerPC core is used to control to achieve the QR decomposition. In this paper, utilization resource and operation performance in term of equivalent gates and operating cycles are shown.

关键词： Matrix decomposition MIMO Field programmable gate arrays Wireless communication Detectors Silicon Random access memory

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