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作者： Jeong, Intae Kwon, Jooseong Kim, Changsoon Park, Young June Program in Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151-747 Korea Republic of Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology Suwon Gyeonggi 443-270 Korea Republic of

Heavily-doped strained germanium (Ge) can emit light efficiently thanks to its pseudo direct band gap characteristic. This makes Ge a good candidate for on-chip monolithic light sources in silicon (Si) photonics systems. We propose fin-shaped Ge-Si heterojunction lightemitting diode (LED) with metal gates, which can enhance light emission by coupling with surface plasmon resonant modes and modulate light emission from the LED. We verify these two aspects through numerical analysis and device simulations. We develop the method to find the optimal device structure and specific device dimensions to maximize the spontaneous emission rate enhancement. Also we find that the LED can be modulated by a gate voltage bias. © 2014 Optical Society of America.

关键词： Surface plasmons

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Calibrationless parallel imaging reconstruction based on structured low-rank matrix completion

Calibrationless parallel imaging reconstruction based on str...

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作者： Shin, Peter J. Larson, Peder E. Z. Ohliger, Michael A. Elad, Michael Pauly, John M. Vigneron, Daniel B. Lustig, Michael Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging University of California at San Francisco San FranciscoCA United States UC Berkeley-UCSF Graduate Program in Bioengineering CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science University of California at Berkeley BerkeleyCA United States Department of Computer Science Technion'Israel Institute of Technology Haifa Israel Magnetic Resonance Systems Research Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering Stanford University StanfordCA United States

Purpose: A calibrationless parallel imaging reconstruction method, termed simultaneous autocalibrating and k-space estimation (SAKE), is presented. It is a data-driven, coil-by-coil reconstruction method that does not require a separate calibration step for estimating coil sensitivity information. Methods: In SAKE, an undersampled, multichannel dataset is structured into a single data matrix. The reconstruction is then formulated as a structured low-rank matrix completion problem. An iterative solution that implements a projection-ontosets algorithm with singular value thresholding is described. Results: Reconstruction results are demonstrated for retrospectively and prospectively undersampled, multichannel Cartesian data having no calibration signals. Additionally, non-Cartesian data reconstruction is presented. Finally, improved image quality is demonstrated by combining SAKE with wavelet-based compressed sensing. Conclusion: Because estimation of coil sensitivity information is not needed, the proposed method could potentially benefit MR applications where acquiring accurate calibration data is limiting or not possible at all. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Compressed sensing

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A novel approach for ensuring high end-to-end availability: The spine concept

A novel approach for ensuring high end-to-end availability: ...

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International Workshop on Design of Reliable Communication Networks (DRCN)

作者： Teresa Gomes David Tipper Abdulaziz Alashaikh Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Coimbra / INESC Coimbra Coimbra Portugal Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA

Telecommunications networks need to guarantee that all node pairs involved in critical service communications are highly available. Typically only a small fraction of traffic and users needs high levels of availability but this traffic often drives the network design to over engineering. In this paper we adopt a novel approach to the problem of how to provide high levels of availability in an efficient manner. The basic idea is to embed a high availability set of links and nodes (termed the spine) in the network topology and leverage protection and routing to provide differentiated classes of resilience with varying levels of availability. In this paper we first explore the spine concept through a simple example illustrating the potential benefits of the approach. Then we study how the structural properties of a network topology can be used to determine heuristics to select a suitable spine and compare this with the case where all network components have the same availability. This is followed by a numerical based study comparing the heuristics with all possible spanning tree based spines for sample topologies. Our results are a step along the path of how to best design a physical network to support protection methods in achieving high levels of availability cost efficiently.

关键词： Availability Network topology Resilience Equations Mathematical model Routing Gold

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Galvanic vestibular stimulator for fMRI studies

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Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica 2014年第1期30卷 70-82页

作者： Della-Justina, Hellen Mathei Manczak, Tiago Winkler, Anderson Marcelo de Araújo, Dráulio Barros de Souza, Mauren Abreu Amaro Junior, Edson Gamba, Humberto Remigio Graduate School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Technology - Paraná - UTFPR Av. Sete de setembro 3165 CEP 80230-901 Curitiba PR Brazil Department of Psychiatry Yale University School of Medicine New Haven CT United States The Oxford Centre for Functional MRI of the Brain - FMRIB John Radcliffe Hospital University of Oxford Oxford United Kingdom Brain Institute Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte - UFRN Natal RN Brazil Department of Radiology University of Sao Paulo - USP São Paulo Brazil

Introduction: Areas of the brain that are associated with the vestibular system can be activated using galvanic vestibular stimulation. These areas can be studied through a combination of galvanic vestibular stimulation with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). In order to provide an appropriate sequence of galvanic stimulation synchronous with the MRI pulse sequence, a specific electronic device that was built and assessed is presented. Methods: The electronic project of the GVS is divided in analog and digital circuits. The analog circuits are mounted in an aluminum case, supplied by sealed batteries, and goes inside the MRI room near to the feet of the subject. The digital circuits are placed in the MRI control room. Those circuits communicate through each other by an optical fiber. Tests to verify the GVS-MRI compatibility were conducted. Silicone (in-house) and Ag/AgCl (commercial) electrodes were evaluated for maximum balance and minimal pain sensations. fMRI experiments were conducted in eight human volunteers. Results: GVS-MRI compatibility experiments demonstrate that the GVS did not interfere with the MRI scanner functionality and vice versa. The circular silicone electrode was considered the most suitable to apply the galvanic vestibular stimulation. The 1 Hz stimulation sinusoid frequency produced the biggest balance and the less pain sensations when compared to 2 Hz. The GVS was capable of eliciting activation in the precentral and postcentral gyri, in the central sulcus, in the supplementary motor area, in the middle and inferior frontal gyri, in the inferior parietal lobule, in the insula, in the superior temporal gyrus, in the middle cingulate cortex, and in the cerebellum. Conclusion: This study shows the development and description of a neurovestibular stimulator that can be safely used inside the MRI scanner room without interfering on its operation and vice versa. The developed GVS could successfully activate the major areas involved wit

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging

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A study on self-configuration in the differential evolution algorithm

A study on self-configuration in the differential evolution ...

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IEEE Symposium on Differential Evolution (SDE)

作者： Rodrigo C. P. Silva Rodolfo A. Lopes Alan R. R. Freitas Frederico G. Guimaraes Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering McGill University Montreal Canada Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) Brazil Department of Computer Science Federal University-of Ouro Preto (UFOP) Brazil Guimarães Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG) Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479944606

The great development in the area of evolutionary algorithms in recent decades has increased the range of applications of these tools and improved its performance in different fronts. In particular, the Differential Evolution (DE) algorithm has proven to be a simple and efficient optimizer in several contexts. Despite of its success, its performance is closely related to the choice of variation operators and the parameters which control these operators. To increase the robustness of the method and the ease of use for the average user, the pursuit for methods of self-configuration has been increasing as well. There are several methods in the literature for setting parameters and operators. In order to understand the effects of these approaches on the performance of DE, this paper presents a thorough experimental analysis of the main existing paradigms. The results show that simple approaches are able to bring significant improvements to the performance of DE.

关键词： Sociology Statistics Vectors Equations Indexes Educational institutions Electronic mail

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Gene expression imputation across multiple brain regions provides insights into schizophrenia risk (vol 51, pg 659, 2019)

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NATURE GENETICS 2019年第6期51卷 1068-1068页

作者： Huckins, Laura M. Dobbyn, Amanda Ruderfer, Douglas M. Hoffman, Gabriel Wang, Weiqing Pardinas, Antonio F. Rajagopal, Veera M. Als, Thomas D. Nguyen, Hoang T. Girdhar, Kiran Boocock, James Roussos, Panos Fromer, Menachem Kramer, Robin Domenici, Enrico Gamazon, Eric R. Purcell, Shaun Demontis, Ditte Borglum, Anders D. Walters, James T. R. O'Donovan, Michael C. Sullivan, Patrick Owen, Michael J. Devlin, Bernie Sieberts, Solveig K. Cox, Nancy J. Im, Hae Kyung Sklar, Pamela Stahl, Eli A. Pamela Sklar Division of Psychiatric Genomics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Genetics and Genomics Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Department of Psychiatry Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York NY USA Vanderbilt University Medical Center Nashville TN USA MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics Cardiff University Cardiff UK Department of Biomedicine Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research iPSYCH Denmark Center for Integrative Sequencing Aarhus University Aarhus Denmark Department of Human Genetics David Geffen School of Medicine University of California Los Angeles Los Angeles CA USA Human Brain Collection Core National Institute of Mental Health Bethesda MD USA Laboratory of Neurogenomic Biomarkers Centre for Integrative Biology (CIBIO) University of Trento Trento Italy Clare Hall University of Cambridge Cambridge UK University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Chapel Hill NC USA Karolinska Institutet Stockholm Sweden Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA USA Systems Biology Sage Bionetworks Seattle WA USA Section of Genetic Medicine Department of Medicine University of Chicago Chicago IL USA Integrated Technology Research Laboratories Pharmaceutical Research Division Takeda Pharmaceutical Company Limited Fujisawa Japan Neuropsychiatry Section Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Neuropsychiatric Signaling Program Department of Psychiatry Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Psychiatry JJ Peters Virginia Medical Center Bronx NY USA Department of Neuroscience Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai New York New York NY USA Friedman Brain Institute

Transcriptomic imputation approaches combine eQTL reference panels with large-scale genotype data in order to test associations between disease and gene expression. These genic associations could elucidate signals in complex genome-wide association study (GWAS) loci and may disentangle the role of different tissues in disease development. We used the largest eQTL reference panel for the dorso-lateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) to create a set of gene expression predictors and demonstrate their utility. We applied DLPFC and 12 GTEx-brain predictors to 40,299 schizophrenia cases and 65,264 matched controls for a large transcriptomic imputation study of schizophrenia. We identified 413 genic associations across 13 brain regions. Stepwise conditioning identified 67 non-MHC genes, of which 14 did not fall within previous GWAS loci. We identified 36 significantly enriched pathways, including hexosaminidase-A deficiency, and multiple porphyric disorder pathways. We investigated developmental expression patterns among the 67 non-MHC genes and identified specific groups of pre- and postnatal expression.

关键词： Gene expression Genome-wide association studies Schizophrenia Transcriptomics

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Comparison of LED and RSOA performance in WDM-PONs

Comparison of LED and RSOA performance in WDM-PONs

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International Conference on Telecommunications (ICT)

作者： Luiz Fernando Henning Paulo Monteiro Alexandre de Almeida Prado Pohl Federal Institute of Santa Catarina IFSC — Jaraguá do Sul Brazil Instituto de Telecomunicações Universidade de Aveiro Portugal Graduate Program on Electrical Engineering — CPGEI Federal University of Technology — Paraná (UTFPR) Curitiba Brazil

Currently there is an significant effort by system operators to deploy cost effective Passive Optical Networks (PON). In this way, next generation PON is the subject of studies by researchers and system designers. Among them, Wavelength Division Multiplexing in Passive Optical Networks (WDM-PON) are of particular interest once they can provide larger capacity. This work presents a performance and cost comparison of two colourless optical network units (ONU) configurations that employ a Light Emitting Diode (LED) source and a reflective semiconductor optical amplifier (RSOA).

关键词： Optical network units Light emitting diodes Passive optical networks Wavelength division multiplexing Optical fibers

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Automatic stress-relieving music recommendation system based on photoplethysmography-derived heart rate variability analysis

Automatic stress-relieving music recommendation system based...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Il-hyung Shin Jaepyeong Cha Gyeong Woo Cheon Choonghee Lee Seung Yup Lee Hyung-Jin Yoon Hee Chan Kim Interdisciplinary Program Biomedical Engineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Johns Hopkins University Interdisciplinary Program Bioengineering Major Graduate School Seoul National University Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Michigan Department of Biomedical Engineering College of Medicine Seoul National University

ISBN: (纸本)9781424479276

This paper presents an automatic stress-relieving music recommendation system (ASMRS) for individual music listeners. The ASMRS uses a portable, wireless photoplethysmography module with a finger-type sensor, and a program that translates heartbeat signals from the sensor to the stress index. The sympathovagal balance index (SVI) was calculated from heart rate variability to assess the user's stress levels while listening to music. Twenty-two healthy volunteers participated in the experiment. The results have shown that the participants' SVI values are highly correlated with their prespecified music preferences. The sensitivity and specificity of the favorable music classification also improved as the number of music repetitions increased to 20 times. Based on the SVI values, the system automatically recommends favorable music lists to relieve stress for individuals.

关键词： Heart rate variability Stress Recommender systems Indexes Multiple signal classification Educational institutions Music

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Transgenetic Algorithms for the Multi-objective Quadratic Assignment Problem

Transgenetic Algorithms for the Multi-objective Quadratic As...

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Brazilian Conference on Intelligent Systems (BRACIS)

作者： Carolina Paula de Almeida Richard Aderbal Gonçalves Elizabeth Ferreira Goldbarg Marco Cesar Goldbarg Myriam Regattieri Delgado Computer Science Department-UNICENTRO Guarapuava PR Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal RN Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Federal University of Parana Curitiba PR Brazil

The multi-objective Quadratic Assignment Problem (mQAP) is a hard optimization problem with many real-world applications, such as in hospital layouts. The main purposes of this paper are: (1) the investigation of hybrid algorithms combining Transgenetic Algorithms and Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMO) frameworks to deal with mQAP and (2) to compare the ability of EMO algorithms based on Pareto dominance with those based on decomposition to deal with the mQAP. Transgenetic Algorithms (TAs) are evolutionary algorithms based on cooperation as the main evolutionary strategy. Two hybrid algorithms are proposed to deal with the mQAP: NSTA (TA + NSGA-II) and MOTA/D (TA + MOEA/D). To analyze the performance of the proposed algorithms, non-parametric statistical tests and multi-objective quality indicators are used. The proposed algorithms are compared with NSGA-II and MOEA/D in 126 instances of the mQAP. The results demonstrate the superiority of decomposition and transgenetic based algorithms, particularly in MOTA/D.

关键词： Biological cells Vectors Sociology Statistics Sorting Optimization Algorithm design and analysis

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Intrinsic Dimensionality of Extracellular Action Potentials

Intrinsic Dimensionality of Extracellular Action Potentials

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society

作者： Kathryn Scannell Agnieszka F. Szymanska Zoran Nenadic Graduate Program in Mathematical University of California Irvine (UCI) Irvine CA USA Department of Biomedical Engineering UCI Irvine CA USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science UCI Irvine CA USA

Linear approaches to low-dimensional feature extraction may not be appropriate when statistical data are generated by a nonlinear interaction of parameters. Equally inadequate are linear methods for determining the dimension of the feature space. This article estimates the intrinsic dimension of extracellular action potentials (EAPs), which can be viewed as the minimum number of nonlinearly interacting parameters sufficient to describe the data. When combined with nonlinear feature extraction methods, this information may lead to a more faithful, low-dimensional EAP representation. These points are demonstrated using EAPs recorded experimentally by a multi-sensor electrode.

关键词： Feature extraction Extracellular Principal component analysis Noise Electrodes Wavelet analysis Standards

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