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TU-H-206-01: An Automated Approach for Identifying Geometric Distortions in Gamma Cameras

Medical Physics 2016年第6PART37期43卷 3773-3774页

作者： S Mann J Nelson E Samei Clinical Imaging Physics Group and Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27705 and Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Durham North Carolina 27705 Clinical Imaging Physics Group and Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories Department of Radiology Duke University Medical Center Durham North Carolina 27705 and Departments of Physics Electrical and Computer Engineering and Biomedical Engineering and Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University Durham North Carolina 27705

Purpose: To develop a clinically-deployable, automated process for detecting artifacts in routine nuclear medicine (NM) quality assurance (QA) bar phantom images. Methods: An artifact detection algorithm was created to analyze bar phantom images as part of an ongoing QA program. A low noise, high resolution reference image was acquired from an x-ray of the bar phantom with a Philips Digital Diagnost system utilizing image stitching. NM bar images, acquired for 5 million counts over a 512×512 matrix, were registered to the template image by maximizing mutual information (MI). The MI index was used as an initial test for artifacts; low values indicate an overall presence of distortions regardless of their spatial location. Images with low MI scores were further analyzed for bar linearity, periodicity, alignment, and compression to locate differences with respect to the template. Findings from each test were spatially correlated and locations failing multiple tests were flagged as potential artifacts requiring additional visual analysis. The algorithm was initially deployed for GE Discovery 670 and Infinia Hawkeye gamma cameras. Results: The algorithm successfully identified clinically relevant artifacts from both systems previously unnoticed by technologists performing the QA. Average MI indices for artifact-free images are 0.55. Images with MI indices < 0.50 have shown 100% sensitivity and specificity for artifact detection when compared with a thorough visual analysis. Correlation of geometric tests confirms the ability to spatially locate the most likely image regions containing an artifact regardless of initial phantom orientation. Conclusion: The algorithm shows the potential to detect gamma camera artifacts that may be missed by routine technologist inspections. Detection and subsequent correction of artifacts ensures maximum image quality and may help to identify failing hardware before it impacts clinical workflow. Going forward, the algorithm is being deploye

关键词： Medical X-ray imaging Medical image artifacts Cameras Image analysis Nuclear medicine imaging Spatial analysis Quality assurance Medical image noise

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A Smart Pool Search Matheuristic for Solving a Multi-objective Microgrid Storage Planning Problem

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Energy Procedia 2016年 103卷 292-297页

作者： Vitor N. Coelho Igor M. Coelho Bruno N. Coelho Marcone J.F. Souza Haroldo Gambini N. Mladenović Frederico G. Guimarães Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Instituto de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento de Tecnologias Ouro Preto Brazil Department of Computer Science State University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Department of Computer Science Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto Ouro Preto Brazil Mathematical Institute Serbian Academy of Science and Arts Serbia LAMIH Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut Cambrésis Valenciennes France Department of Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil

In this paper, a multi-objective power dispatching problem that uses Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) as storage units is considered. The problem involves several PEVs and a microgrid community, composed of small houses, residential areas, and different Renewable Energy Resources. Three different objectives are considered: microgrid total costs; usage of PEV batteries and maximum grid peak load. In order to find sets of non-dominated solutions, a matheuristic black box solves several Mixed Integer Linear programming (MILP) subproblems. We improve a previously developed MILP model and design a new multi-objective matheuristic including new problem initialization mechanisms.

关键词： Microgrids Power dispatching Energy storage management Matheuristic Mixed-Integer Linear programming Multi-objetive optimization

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Proposal of a Biological Database to Research for the Fish Epinephelus itajara

Proposal of a Biological Database to Research for the Fish E...

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OCEANS

作者： Sérgio Francisco Pichorim Danielle Forbeci Suzuki Graduate School of Electrical Engineering and Applied Computer Sciences (CPGEI) Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR) Curitiba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781479987375

The information management applied in biology or ecology will help, in a very near future, the preservation of fish Epinephelus itajara, also called: goliath grouper, mero, or grouper itajara. This species is actually classified as critically endangered by the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN), being protected in many countries including USA and Brazil. This fish is the largest grouper of Western Atlantic, living in tropical and subtropical waters from the Western Atlantic Ocean, from South Florida to the state of Santa Catarina in Southern Brazil, including the Gulf of Mexico and, Caribbean Sea. Factors that provide the declination of their populations are: the fact that they form the choruses in the spawning season;the slow maturation rate;and, especially in the first years of life, the dependence in mangrove habitats. This behavior makes the species be highly vulnerable. The goliath grouper's protection began in 1990 in the USA and in 1993 in the Caribbean. In Brazil, in 2001, the first initiative for the preservation of this species was launched with the creation of a project (Projeto Meros do Brasil). Increased collection of biological data and the lack of standardization in scientific research require better management of information especially in endangered species, as is the case of K itajara. To solve this problem, this paper presents a database model for goliath grouper's research, which aims to assist in biological data management, oriented research, and the fish conservation, seeking a better standard storage and presentation of data with maximum readability, consistency, and integrity. During the construction of this database, a selection of attributes was made gathering knowledge of biology and computer science in a multidisciplinary approach. Database was designed using 31 scientific articles (over the last 35 years), a participative inquiry, and interviews with experts (Brazilian biologists). The creation of

关键词： biological data collection database information management fish grouper itajara

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Ultrafast photonic PCR

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Light(Science & Applications) 2015年第1期4卷 267-273页

作者： Jun Ho Son Byungrae Cho SoonGweon Hong Sang Hun Lee Ori Hoxha Amanda J Haack Luke P Lee Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Berkeley Sensor and Actuator Center University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA Biophysics Graduate Program University of CaliforniaBerkeleyCA 94720USA

Nucleic acid amplification and quantification via polymerase chain reaction(PCR)is one of the most sensitive and powerful tools for clinical laboratories,precision medicine,personalized medicine,agricultural science,forensic science and environmental *** multiplex PCR,characterized by low power consumption,compact size and simple operation,is ideal for timely diagnosis at the point-of-care(POC).Although several fast/ultrafast PCR methods have been proposed,the use of a simple and robust PCR thermal cycler remains challenging for POC ***,we present an ultrafast photonic PCR method using plasmonic photothermal light-to-heat conversion via photon–electron–phonon *** demonstrate an efficient photonic heat converter using a thin gold(Au)film due to its plasmon-assisted high optical absorption(approximately 65%at 450 nm,the peak wavelength of heat source light-emitting diodes(LEDs)).The plasmon-excited Au film is capable of rapidly heating the surrounding solution to over 150℃ within 3 *** this method,ultrafast thermal cycling(30 cycles;heating and cooling rate of 12.7960.93℃ s^(-1) and 6.660.29℃ s^(-1),respectively)from 55℃(temperature of annealing)to 95℃(temperature of denaturation)is accomplished within 5 *** photonic PCR thermal cycles,we demonstrate here successful nucleic acid(λ-DNA)*** simple,robust and low cost approach to ultrafast PCR using an efficient photonic-based heating procedure could be generally integrated into a variety of devices or procedures,including on-chip thermal lysis and heating for isothermal amplifications.

关键词： genomics light-emitting diodes(LEDs) molecular diagnostics personalized medicine plasmonics point-of-care(POC)diagnostics polymerase chain reaction(PCR)

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A miniaturized brain-machine-spinal cord interface (BMSI) for closed-loop intraspinal microstimulation

A miniaturized brain-machine-spinal cord interface (BMSI) fo...

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IEEE Biomedical Circuits and Systems (BIOCAS)

作者： Shahab Shahdoost Shawn Frost David Guggenmos Jordan Borrell Caleb Dunham Scott Barbay Randolph Nudo Pedram Mohseni Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Dept Case Western Reserve University Cleveland OH USA Rehabilitation Medicine Dept University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS USA University of Kansas Medical Center Kansas City KS US Bioengineering Graduate Program University of Kansas Lawrence KS USA

ISBN: (纸本)9781509029600

This paper reports on a fully miniaturized brain-machine-spinal cord interface (BMSI) for closed-loop cortical control of intraspinal microstimulation (ISMS). The system incorporates two identical 4-channel modules, with each module comprising a neural recording front-end, embedded digital signal processing (DSP) unit, and programmable stimulating back-end. The DSP unit is capable of generating multichannel trigger signals for a wide array of ISMS triggering patterns based upon online discrimination of a programmable number of intracortical neural spikes within a pre-specified time bin via thresholding and time-amplitude windowing. The BMSI system is validated experimentally in a rat model of contusion spinal cord injury (SCI) by converting in real-time multichannel neural spikes recorded from the cerebral cortex into electrical stimuli delivered to the lumbar spinal cord below the level of the injury, resulting in distinct patterns of hindlimb muscle activation in the SCI rat.

关键词： Blanking Digital signal processing Rats Injuries Voltage measurement Spinal cord injury

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A Computational Primitive for Convolution based on Coupled Oscillator Arrays

A Computational Primitive for Convolution based on Coupled O...

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IEEE computer Society Annual Symposium on VLSI

作者： Donald M. Chiarulli Brandon Jennings Yan Fang Andrew Seel Steven P. Levitan Department of Computer Science Computer Engineering Graduate Program Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA

In this paper we present a new computational primitive for convolution using coupled oscillator arrays. It is based on a Degree of Match (DOM) operation for pairs of vectors of analog voltage encoded data. The convolution operation is synthesized from these DOM circuits and computes the precise mathematical convolution of the two vectors. We present an example circuit design for the DOM operator and SPICE simulations of the circuit behavior. A MATLAB model is curve fit to an inverted copy of this output and shown to be roughly equivalent to the square of the Euclidian distance between the vectors. Using a parameterized version of this model we conducted a MATLAB study to analyze the accuracy of the DOM and convolution operations under variations in oscillator array symmetry, locking range, and additive noise. We also show a small example of convolution with an edge enhancement filter.

关键词： Very large scale integration

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Notification-Oriented and Rete Network Inference: A Comparative Study

Notification-Oriented and Rete Network Inference: A Comparat...

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IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Adriano F. Ronszcka Roni F. Banaszewski Robson R. Linhares Cesar A. Tacla Paulo C. Stadzisz Jean M. Simão Graduate School in Electrical Engineering and Industrial Computer Science (CPGEI) Federal University of Technology - Parana (UTFPR) Curitiba PR Brazil

This paper presents a practical and a theoretical comparative study between the so-called Notification-Oriented Inference (NOI) and Rete Network inference. NOI is composed of a network of small computational entities, which communicate only when necessary, avoiding both temporal and structural redundancies in a program inference. The innovative aspect of the considered approach would be that computational entities carry out the inference by means of collaborations based upon direct notifications (reactive inference). This approach differs from usual inference mechanisms of rule-based systems, which are based on checks/searches over passive data. This search based execution is present even on advanced mechanisms such as Rete. In this sense, the focus of this paper is to analyze performance measurements over an experimental application implemented in both mechanisms. Coupling and redundancy problems are also considered in a theoretical analysis. The results show that NOI can perform around 6 times faster than the compiled Rete mechanism and around 20 times faster than the interpreted Rete mechanism in the cases proposed in this paper. Moreover, NOI presents better asymptotic complexity time and decoupling degree, presenting itself as a promising alternative to compose complex, distributed and scalable applications.

关键词： Redundancy Couplings Collaboration programming Correlation Engines Data structures

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An optimization model for the indoor access point placement problem with different types of obstacles

An optimization model for the indoor access point placement ...

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Latin America Congress on Computational Intelligence (LA-CCI)

作者： Alexandre A. Politi Lincoln C. Zamboni Rodrigo Pasti Leandro N. de Castro Graduate Program in Electrical and Computer Engineering Mackenzie Presbyterian University Center for Information Technology

Choosing the ideal spot to set up an Access Point (AP) in a given plant is no simple task. This paper proposes a mathematical model and computational solution to the following problem: given the plant of an indoor environment, a number of reception points and properly characterized obstacles, locate where the access point should be installed, so as to minimize the propagation losses within the environment and ensure a minimum signal level in all receivers. The model proposed differs from others in the literature by treating each obstacle individually and taking into account the material from which it is made. The proposed design minimizes the sum of the attenuations of the signal generated by the AP as the signal traverses the fewest possible obstacles whose attenuation is large (e.g., concrete walls and metal cabinets). To validate the proposed model simulations were performed in an indoor environment with a certain distribution of obstacles of different kinds. The experiments show that the location of the access point varies significantly in the environment according to the materials composing the obstacles. In the most critical case, with obstacles made of concrete, the optimization algorithm could find no location for the AP so that all receptors received a minimum signal level to establish a connection.

关键词： Attenuation Mathematical model Receivers Simulated annealing Concrete Indoor environments

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Foveated model based on the action potential of ganglion cells to improve objective image quality metrics

Foveated model based on the action potential of ganglion cel...

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International Joint Conference on e-Business and Telecommunications (ICETE)

作者： Sergio A. C. Bezerra Alexandre de A. P. Pohl Graduate School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR) Curitiba PR Brazil Department of Higher Education (DES) Science and Technology of the Amazonas (IFAM) Manaus AM Brazil Graduate School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Federal University of Technology - Paraná (UTFPR) 80230-901 Curitiba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781467385329

In this work, a foveated model (FM) based on the action potential of ganglion cells in the human retina is employed to improve the results obtained by traditional and perceptual image quality metrics. LIVE and VAIQ image databases are used in the experiments to test and validate this model. Statistical techniques, such as the Pearson Linear Correlation Coefficient (PLCC), the Spearman Rank-Order Correlation Coefficient (SROCC) and the Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), are used to evaluate the performance of Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) and Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) metrics, as well as their versions improved by the FM. The results are encouraging because the model proposed improve the performance of the metrics investigated.

关键词： Measurement Visualization Frequency modulation Retina Databases Image quality Videos

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High-speed 3D brain activity quantification with compressive light-field microscopy

High-speed 3D brain activity quantification with compressive...

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Novel Techniques in Microscopy, NTM 2015

作者： Pégard, Nicolas Lyall, Evan Mardinly, Alan Antipa, Nick Waller, Laura Adesnik, Hillel Department of Molecular and Cell Biology UC Berkeley CA United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science UC Berkeley CA United States Biophysics Graduate Program UC Berkeley CA United States

We present a non-imaging light-field microscopy method for volume quantification of neural activity in scattering brain tissue. Individual neuron fluorescence is computed directly by independent component identificati... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529541

关键词： Time domain analysis

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