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IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)

作者： Milton E. Conde Sérgio Cruz Daniel M. Muñoz Carlos H. Llanos Eugenio L. F. Fortaleza Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasília D.F. Brazil Electronics Engineering Graduate Program University of Brasilia Brasília D.F. Brazil

This paper shows the hardware implementation of a sensor fusion technique applied to both an ultrasonic and an infrared sensors, for estimating the distance, using an FPGA. Sensor fusion is a natural application of stochastic filtering area (such as Kalman filters), being applied extensively in different areas such as mobile robotics, signal processing, bioengineering, among others. This technique permits to combine the information provided by the sensors, improving the estimate of the measured variable, as well as its uncertainity. The sensors have previously been characterized using the same acquisition system that was used for the sensor fusion, and the fitting curves have been calculated for them. Finally, synthesis and simulation results demonstrate that the architecture implemented in the FPGA is suitable for calculating the estimate and uncertainity of the overall fusion process.

关键词： Sensor fusion Sensor phenomena and characterization Equations Field programmable gate arrays Hardware Acoustics

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Hardware-based parallel firefly algorithm for embedded applications

Hardware-based parallel firefly algorithm for embedded appli...

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NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems (AHS)

作者： Daniel M. Muñoz Carlos H. Llanos Leandro dos Santos Coelho Mauricio Ayala-Rincón Electronics Engineering Graduate Program Faculty of Gama University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program LAS/PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba Parana Brazil Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781467363822

The firefly algorithm (FA) is a new population-based metaheuristic bioinspired on the behavior of the flashing characteristics of fireflies. As a population-based algorithm, the FA suffers from large execution times specifically for embedded optimization problems with computational limitations. For reducing execution times we propose a hardware parallel architecture of the FA algorithm that facilitates the implementation in Field programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). In addition, this work proposes the application of the opposition-based learning (OBL) approach to the FA algorithm. The respective hardware implementation (HPOFA) was mapped into a Virtex5 FPGA device and numerical experiments using four well-known benchmark problems demonstrate that the opposition-based approach allows the FA algorithm to improve its functionality, preserving the swarm diversity and avoiding the premature convergence problem. Synthesis results point out that the HPOFA architecture is effectively mapped in hardware and is suitable for embedded applications.

关键词： Hardware Computer architecture Optimization Equations Random access memory Field programmable gate arrays Search problems

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A flexible implementation of the PSO algorithm for fine- and coarse-grained reconfigurable embedded systems

A flexible implementation of the PSO algorithm for fine- and...

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International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs (ReConFig)

作者： Michael Rueckauer Daniel M. Munoz Timo Stripf Oliver Oey Carlos H. Llanos Juergen Becker Institute for Information Processing Technology Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany Electronics Engineering Graduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil

The large execution times demanded for solving complex optimization problems in embedded systems is one of the main challenges in the field of engineering optimization. One solution is the acceleration by a specialized hardware implementation. However, this is coming along with a loss of flexibility especially for the realization of the application-specific fitness function. In this paper we present novel solutions for the flexible implementation of the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm by targeting the coarse-gained reconfigurable Kahrisma architecture. Effectiveness of the proposed solutions was demonstrated for benchmark test problems by numerical simulations achieved by Kahrisma and the MicroBlaze soft-core processor mapped on fine-grained reconfigurable technology using the Open Virtual Platform (OVP) simulator as well as an FPGA implementation. Convergence results demonstrate that the proposed solutions achieve the optimal points for different scenarios. Finally, execution time results demonstrate that the Kahrisma implementation with 4-issue width provides the required flexibility to design high performance embedded optimization systems.

关键词： Computer architecture Optimization Particle swarm optimization Tiles Clocks Field programmable gate arrays Benchmark testing

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Frictional characteristics measurement of a ceramic aerostatic linear bearing 5

Frictional characteristics measurement of a ceramic aerostat...

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5th International Conference on Advanced Micro-Device engineering, AMDE 2013

作者： Kitabata, Kouki Iwashita, Hiroshi Takita, Akihiro Djamal, Mitra Pornsuwancharoen, Nithiroth Fujii, Yusaku Education Program of Electronics and Informatics Mathematics and Physics Graduate School of Science and Technology Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma376-8515 Japan Depatment of Electronics Graduate School of Engineering Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma376-8515 Japan Division of Mechanical Sience and Technology Graduate School of Tecnology Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma376-8515 Japan Theoretical High Energy Physics and Instrumentation Research Group Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesa 10 Bandung40132 Indonesia Department of Electrical Engineering Faculty of Industry and Technology Rajamangala University of Technology Isan Sakonnakon47160 Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9783038354659

The resultant force acting on the moving part of the ceramic aerostatic linear bearing is measured highly accurately as the inertial force of the moving part of the bearing by means of the levitation mass method (LMM). The measurement results of the ceramic aerostatic linear bearing and metal aerostatic linear bearing of different mass are compared. The regression equation of the ceramic aerostatic linear bearing and metal aerostatic linear bearing are calculated. The ceramic linear bearing and metal linear bearing have extremely small frictional force.. © (2015) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Aerodynamics

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Impact response measurement of contact lenses 5

Impact response measurement of contact lenses

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5th International Conference on Advanced Micro-Device engineering, AMDE 2013

作者： Watanabe, Kazuhide Miyashita, Naoki Bin, Du Hong Irisa, Kyohei Takita, Akihiro Yamaguchi, Takao Carcasona, Edwin Mitatha, Somsak Fujii, Yusaku Education Program of Electronics and Infomatics Mathematics and Physics Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma376-8515 Japan Department of Electronics Faculty of Engineering Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma376-8515 Japan Education Program of Mechanical Science and Technology School of Science and Technology Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma376-8515 Japan Department of Electronics Graduate School of Engineering Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu376-8515 Japan Division of Mechanical Science and Technology Faculty of Science and Technology Gunma University 1-5-1 Tenjin-cho Kiryu Gunma376-8515 Japan Department of Mechanical Engineering University of San Carlos Cebu City230-0100 Philippines Hybrid Computing Research Laboratory School of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Chalongkrung Road Bangkok Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9783038354659

Impact response of contact lenses is measured using the Levitation Mass Method (LMM). In the LMM, a small mass collides with contact lenses and the impact force is measured with high accuracy as the inertial force of the moving part. A pneumatic linear bearing is used to achieve linear motion with sufficiently small friction acting on the moving part. Hysteresis loop and consumed energy as mechanical characteristics of contact lenses are also calculated.. © (2015) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Contact lenses

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A room temperature, zero force, wafer-level attachment method for MEMS integration

A room temperature, zero force, wafer-level attachment metho...

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IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems

作者： Levent Beker Özge Zorlu Haluk Külah METU MEMS Center Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey METU MEMS Center Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey METU MEMS Center Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey

This paper presents a wafer level attachment method for handling various shaped structures for MEMS processes, using parylene as an interlayer material. In this method, a handle wafer containing pillars and perforations is utilized, and structures are attached to the handle wafer through a parylene coating process realized at room temperature with no applied force. It is observed that pillars with 20 μm height, 2.5 mm side length, and 4.5 mm spacing can successfully be used to attach two 4" substrates to each other. The shear strength between the attached substrates is measured as 0.49 MPa, proving the feasibility of the method for integrating various materials into MEMS processes.

关键词： Substrates Bonding Force Micromechanical devices Coatings Silicon

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Flexible electronics: Extremely Flexible Transparent Conducting Electrodes for Organic Devices (Adv. Energy Mater. 1/2014)

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Advanced Energy Materials 2014年第1期4卷

作者： Sunghoon Jung Sunghun Lee Myungkwan Song Do‐Geun Kim Dae Sung You Jong‐Kuk Kim Chang Su Kim Tae‐Min Kim Kwon‐Hyeon Kim Jang‐Joo Kim Jae‐Wook Kang Surface Technology Division Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS) Changwon 641‐831 Republic of Korea OLEDs Center WCU Hybrid Materials Program Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 151‐744 Republic of Korea Professional Graduate School of Flexible and Printable Electronics Department of Flexible and Printable Electronics Chonbuk National University Jeonju 561‐756 Republic of Korea

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Band classification based on chromosome shapes

Band classification based on chromosome shapes

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Biomedical engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Ravi Uttamatanin Peerapol Yuvapoositanon Apichart Intarapanich Saowaluck Kaewkamnerd Sissades Tongsima The Electrical Engineering Graduate Program Mahanakorn University of Technology Bangkok Thailand National Electronics and Computer Technology Center Pathum thani Thailand Electronic Engineering Department Mahanakorn University of Technology Bangkok Thailand National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Pathum thani Thailand

For an automatic chromosome classification, band resolution information is required in order to perform diagnosis on numerical and structural abnormalities. Metaphases with low band resolution are normal used for numerical abnormality analysis while metaphases with high band resolution are used for structural abnormality analysis. In our work, we classify metaphases into low and high band resolution groups using chromosome shape. This band classification task can automatically perform without human intervention leading to faster the diagnosis process. The results showed that chromosome shape information is able to classify metaphases into low and high band resolution groups with the accuracy of 73.08% and 95.24%, respectively.

关键词： Biological cells Image resolution Probability density function Shape Accuracy Image segmentation Microscopy

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Stimulating auditory nerve with MEMS harvesters for fully implantable and self-powered cochlear implants

Stimulating auditory nerve with MEMS harvesters for fully im...

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International Conference on Solid State Sensors and Actuators (TRANSDUCERS)

作者： Levent Beker Özge Zorlu Nebil Göksu Haluk Külah METU-MEMS Center Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey METU-MEMS Center Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey Department of Otorhinolaryngology School of Medicine Gazi University Ankara Turkey METU-MEMS Center Micro and Nanotechnology Graduate Program Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Middle East Technical University Ankara Turkey

This paper presents a novel method for stimulating auditory nerve inside cochlea via a MEMS piezoelectric energy harvester (PEH) implanted on eardrum or ossicles 1 . In this method, the harvester composed of several cantilevers with varying resonance frequencies within the hearing band is utilized. The signals generated by each cantilever of the PEH are used to stimulate the corresponding section of the auditory nerve. The proposed method mimics the natural operation of cochlea, therefore eliminates the use of microphone, sound processor, battery, and transmitter that are currently used in conventional cochlear implants (CI's). In this framework, a single-cantilever MEMS PEH prototype is designed and fabricated. The prototype generates adequate signal to stimulate the auditory nerve at a typical eardrum vibration, proving the method's feasibility for the next generation fully implantable and self-powered CI's.

关键词： Micromechanical devices Auditory system Vibrations Electrodes Acceleration Resonant frequency Silicon

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An Efficient Hybrid Model and Dynamic Performance Analysis for Multihop Wireless Networks

An Efficient Hybrid Model and Dynamic Performance Analysis f...

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International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications

作者： Kunjie Xu David Tipper Prashant Krishnamurthy Yi Qian Graduate Telecommunications and Networking Program University of Pittsburgh Department of Computer and Electronics Engineering University of Nebraska-Lincoln

ISBN: (纸本)9781467352871

Multihop wireless networks can be subjected to nonstationary phenomena due to a dynamic network topology and time varying traffic. However, the simulation techniques used to study multihop wireless networks focus on the steady-state performance even though transient or nonstationary periods will often occur. Moreover, the majority of the simulators suffer from poor scalability. In this paper, we develop an efficient performance modeling technique for analyzing the time varying queueing behavior of multihop wireless networks. The one-hop packet transmission (service) time is assumed to be deterministic, which could be achieved by contention-free transmission, or approximated in sparse or lightly loaded multihop wireless networks. Our model is a hybrid of time varying adjacency matrix and fluid flow based differential equations, which represent dynamic topology changes and nonstationary network queues, respectively. Numerical experiments show that the hybrid fluid based model can provide reasonably accurate results much more efficiently than standard simulators. Also an example application of the modeling technique is given showing the nonstationary network performance as a function of node mobility, traffic load and wireless link quality.

关键词： function wireless performance

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