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Study of the relevance of gender in the classification of hand gestures by electromyography-based recognition systems

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Research on Biomedical engineering 2021年第2期37卷 361-373页

作者： Freitas, Melissa La Banca Junior, Jose Jair Alves Mendes La Banca, Wesley Freitas Stevan, Sergio Luiz Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Technology – Paraná Ponta GrossaParaná84016-210 Brazil Department of Electronics Federal University of Technology – Paraná CuritibaParaná80230-901 Brazil Mechanical Engineering Department Federal University of Technology – Paraná Ponta GrossaParaná84016-210 Brazil

Purpose: Some factors such as gender, age, physical fitness, and manual dominance are relevant and can influence the recognition of movement patterns using electromyography (EMG). In this scenario, we present an EMG signal analysis for men and women to observe if there is any significant difference. Methods: Data from 10 men and 10 women were acquired during the execution of six hand gestures (wrist flexion, wrist extension, wrist flexion to left, wrist extension to right, supination, and pronation) using eight channels armband. Four EMG time-domain signal features were extracted and hand gestures were classified using linear and quadratic discriminant analysis (LDA, QDA), and k-nearest neighbors (KNN) algorithms. Results: Data of the feature difference absolute standard deviation value (DASDV) and waveform length (WL) were analyzed based on polar and bar graphs. KNN with 1 nearest neighbor obtained the best results between the classifiers for both men and women. For statistical analyses, the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney and Tukey post hoc in Friedman tests were used. The results show that there is no significant difference between data from different genders. Conclusion: After analyzing the results obtained and extensive comparison with related works, it was concluded that, for the conditions where the electrodes are positioned equidistantly, evaluating all the muscular groups of a limb (armband format), there was no significant difference observed between the data from different genders. In addition, this allows us to conclude that EMG armband on the forearm can be a good option for robotic systems control without the need for prior gender adjustment. © 2021, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.

关键词： Biomedical signal processing

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Unleashing Endurance Limits of Emerging Memory: Multi-Level FeRAM Recovery Array Empowered by a Coordinated Inverting Amplifier Circuit

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IEEE Transactions on Electron Devices 2024年第4期71卷 2708-2713页

作者： Hsiang, K.-Y. Chang, F.-S. Lou, Z.-F. Aich, A. Senapati, A. Lee, J.-Y. Li, Z.-X. Chen, J.-H. Liu, C.-H. Liu, C.W. Maikap, S. Su, P. Hou, T.-H. Lee, M.H. National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Electronics Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Taiwan University Program for Semiconductor Devices Materials and Hetero-Integration Taipei10617 Taiwan National Taiwan University Graduate Institute of Electronics Engineering Taipei10617 Taiwan Chang Gung University Department of Electronic Engineering Guishan33302 Taiwan National Taiwan Normal University Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering Taipei11677 Taiwan

Asymmetric field cycling recovery (AFCR) with alternating opposite low E -field cycling is proposed to restore a fatigued ferroelectric (FE) capacitor and is experimentally demonstrated for up to 1012 switching cycles, thereby extending the endurance of FeRAM. Positive and negative asymmetric minor loops (AmLs) with AFCR exhibit nondegradation and complete restoration of Δ 2P r toward unlimited endurance operation. Furthermore, an FE random access memory (FeRAM) array circuit with an inverting amplifier is designed to simultaneously execute Write/Read and Recovery procedures via the AFCR scheme. © 1963-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Ferroelectricity

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Local sampled-data gain-scheduling control of quasi-LPV systems 4th

Local sampled-data gain-scheduling control of quasi-LPV syst...

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4th IFAC Conference on Embedded Systems, Computational Intelligence and Telematics in Control CESCIT 2021

作者： Coutinho, Pedro H.S. Peixoto, Márcia L.C. Bernal, Miguel Nguyen, Anh-Tu Palhares, Reinaldo M. Federal University of Minas Gerais Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Brazil Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Sonora Institute of Technology Mexico Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France LAMIH UMR CNRS 8201 France Federal University of Minas Gerais Department of Electronics Engineering Brazil

This paper deals with the problem of sampled-data gain-scheduling control design for affine quasi-LPV systems. As the control implementation is based on sample-data and its update occurs only at specific sampling instants, the state-dependent scheduling functions of the controller are piecewise continuous. This characteristic causes a mismatch between the system model and the controller parameters, namely asynchronous scheduling functions of the controller with respect to the plant during the inter-sampling behavior. To cope with this phenomenon, a polytopic description of the inter-sampling is constructed based on bounding assumptions on the scheduling functions and their time derivatives. Then, regarding a time-delay approach, a constructive and numerically implementable LMI-based synthesis condition is derived, and a convex procedure is proposed for enlarging the estimate of the region of attraction of the origin of the closed-loop system. The time-derivative bounds of the scheduling functions are explicitly accounted into the local analysis to ensure the method's implementation. A numerical example is provided to illustrate the proposed methodology. Copyright © 2021 The Authors. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (https://***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)

关键词： Controllers

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Need Analysis of Interactive Multimedia Development for Virtual Learning in Pandemic 4

Need Analysis of Interactive Multimedia Development for Virt...

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4th International Conference on Electrical, electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education, ICE-ELINVO 2021

作者： Lempas, J.F. Soenarto, S. Barahama, A.D. Instructional Technology Post-Graduate Program Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Jalan Colombo 01 Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia Department of Electronics and Informatics Engineering Education Post-Graduate Program Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Jalan Colombo 01 Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta 55281 Indonesia

The pandemic that has not ended has an impact on changing the educational paradigm. Existing conditions demand to continue to use virtual learning. During the epidemic, this study will examine students' demand for interactive multimedia in virtual learning. The interviews reveal that the media that teachers provide in virtual learning during this pandemic has limits. Data was gathered through interviews and questionnaires given to teachers and students. The student requirements questionnaire reveals that interactive multimedia is the most effective instructional medium for pupils. This study is part of a larger investigation of the evolution of multimedia learning during a pandemic. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Students

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A Comprehensive Technique Based on Machine Learning for Device and Circuit Modeling of Gate-All-Around Nanosheet Transistors

IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology

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IEEE Open Journal of Nanotechnology 2023年 4卷 181-194页

作者： Butola, Rajat Li, Yiming Kola, Sekhar Reddy National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Parallel and Scientific Computing Laboratory Electrical Engineering and Computer Science International Graduate Program Hsinchu300093 Taiwan National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Institute of Communications Engineering the Institute of Biomedical Engineering the Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering the Institute of Pioneer Semiconductor Innovation and the Institute of Artificial Intelligence Innovation Hsinchu300093 Taiwan

Machine learning (ML) is poised to play an important part in advancing the predicting capability in semiconductor device compact modeling domain. One major advantage of ML-based compact modeling is its ability to capture complex relationships and patterns in large datasets. Therefore, in this paper a novel design scheme based on dynamically adaptive neural network (DANN) is proposed to develop fast and accurate compact model (CM). This framework constitutes a powerful yet computationally efficient methodology and exhibits emergent dynamic behaviors. This paper demonstrates that the compact model based on ML can be designed to replicate the performance of conventional compact model for nanodevices. For this work, gate-all-around (GAA) nanosheet (NS) device characteristics are comprehensively analyzed for process variability sources using the proposed model. The device geometry parameters such as channel length, nanosheet width and nanosheet thickness are fed as input features to the DANN model. The adaptive neural network learns dynamically by updating weights of the model in accordance with the input features and achieves accurate neural weight convergence. The proposed model predicted the electrical characteristics of NS devices with less than 1% error rate. The model is also implemented and validated for the simulations of digital circuit designs such as inverter, and logic gates. ©;2023 The Authors.

关键词： Circuit simulation

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Automated Pricing-based Provisioning of SDN/NFV Services in Distributed Multi-access Edge Computing using Cooperative Multi-Agent Deep Reinforcement Learning 10

Automated Pricing-based Provisioning of SDN/NFV Services in ...

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10th International Conference on Dependable Systems and Their Applications, DSA 2023

作者： Julien, Jean Jimmy Nuannimnoi, Sirapop Huang, Ching-Yao National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Eecs International Graduate Program Hsinchu Taiwan National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University Electronics Engineering Hsinchu Taiwan

ISBN: (纸本)9798350304770

The disruption caused by Software Defined Network and Network Function Virtualization (SDN/NFV) technologies will have many impacts on the telecom network. Specifically, the network architecture based on ETSI MANO comprising Virtual Infrastructure Manager (VIM), Virtual Network Function Manager (VNFM), and NFV Orchestrator (NFVO) will significantly change how we operate and manage the telecom network. These impacts on the network architecture will be made gradually. Thus, the migration from non-virtualized networks to all virtualized networks will happen step by step. By introducing new actors into the telecom ecosystem, NFV-MANO will bring in new business models. It is envisaged that these new actors/models will promote competition hence the demand for more flexible charging models with real-time charging. In this research, we will address the architectural realization of the SDN/NFV charging model under the business model of MANO (MANagement and Orchestration) when the service provider (SP) uses the Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure (NFVI) from the NFVIaaS Provider in a distributed multi-access edge computing (MEC) environment. To optimize the Quality of Service (QoS) of MEC resource allocation for incoming services and maximize the overall operating profit of the service provider adopting our charging model, we also propose a new cooperative multi-agent actor-critic based deep reinforcement learning (MADRL) method trained with proximal policy optimization algorithm, namely Coop MAPPO. The results of our experiments showcase the superiority of the Coop-MAPPO multi-agent system over alternative decision-making approaches, with its potential for enhancing operational efficiency and profitability while minimizing failure rates. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Overview of Versatile Video Coding (H.266/VVC) and Its Coding Performance Analysis

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IEIE Transactions on Smart Processing and Computing 2023年第2期12卷 122-154页

作者： Lee, Minhun Song, HyeonJu Park, Jeeyoon Jeon, Byeungwoo Kang, Jungwon Kim, Jae-Gon Lee, Yung-Lyul Kang, Je-Won Sim, Donggyu Department of Computer Engineering Kwangwoon University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Computer Engineering Sejong University Seoul Korea Republic of Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Kyunggi-do Korea Republic of Communication and Media Research Laboratory Electronics and Telecommunications Research Institute Deajeon Korea Republic of School of Electronics and Information Engineering Korea Aerospace University Kyunggi-do Korea Republic of Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

Versatile Video Coding (H.266/VVC) is the newest video coding standard jointly developed by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET), which is organized by the ITU-T Video Coding Experts Group (VCEG) and the ISO/IEC Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG). H.266/VVC provides about 40% bitrate reduction compared with High Efficiency Video Coding (H.265/HEVC) for the same visual quality. This paper introduces in detail the core structure of H.266/VVC by highlighting its features within block partitioning structure, intra/inter prediction, transform, quantization, and in-loop filtering, compared to its predecessor (H.265/HEVC). H.266/VVC yields significantly improved the coding performance, but it increased the computational complexity, particularly for the encoder side, which remains a problem to be tackled for successful commercialization in the future. This paper examined the statistical performance of H.266/VVC coding tools from the bitstreams encoded by the VVC test model (VTM12.0) encoder through rate-distortion optimization under the JVET common test conditions. In addition, the complexity and performance analyses are conducted on the block partitioning structure and group of picture structure. It is expected that an optimized H.266/VVC encoder can be designed and developed by minimizing the coding loss based on the analysis data. © 2023 Institute of electronics and Information Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Image compression

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AxRSU- : Higher-Order m-Bit Approximate Encoders for Radix- Squarer Units

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Circuits, Systems, and Signal Processing 2024年第6期43卷 1-30页

作者： da Rosa, Morgana M. A. Paim, Guilherme da Costa, Eduardo A. C. Soares, Rafael Bampi, Sergio Graduate Program on Computing Federal University of Pelotas (UFPel) Pelotas Brazil Graduate Program in Microelectronics Federal University of RGS Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Electronics and Computer Engineering Catholic University of Pelotas Pelotas Brazil

Approximate computing has emerged as a design alternative to enhance design efficiency by capitalizing on the inherent error resilience observed in numerous applications. Various error-resilient and compute-intensive applications, such as signal, image and video processing, computer vision, and supervised machine learning, necessitate dedicated hardware accelerators for mean squared error estimation during runtime. In these application domains, using efficient arithmetic operators, particularly a squarer unit, represents one of the most effective strategies for low-power design. This work introduces an approximate Radix- $$2^{m}$$ squarer unit, denoted as AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ . The proposed squarer unit employs m-bit approximate encoders to execute operations on m-bit data concurrently. The AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ under consideration explores encoders with m equal to 2 (AxRSU-4), 3 (AxRSU-8), and 4 (AxRSU-16). These approximate encoders exhibit low complexity and diminish the necessary partial products operating on m bits simultaneously, thereby substantially enhancing energy efficiency and reducing circuit area in the AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ . To illustrate the trade-off between error and quality in the AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ , we apply it to an SSD (sum squared difference) hardware accelerator designed for video processing, with a square-accumulate serving as a case study. Our findings reveal a novel Pareto front, presenting eight optimal AxRSU- $$2^{m}$$ solutions that achieve accuracy levels ranging from 3.76 to 75.53%. These solutions yield energy savings ranging from 46.20 to 95.57% and circuit area reductions ranging from 37.68 to 66.73%.

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Hardware-based parallel firefly algorithm for embedded applications

Hardware-based parallel firefly algorithm for embedded appli...

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2013 NASA/ESA Conference on Adaptive Hardware and Systems, AHS 2013

作者： Muñoz, Daniel M. Llanos, Carlos H. Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Ayala-Rincón, Mauricio Electronics Engineering Graduate Program Faculty of Gama University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Automation and Control Group/GRACO University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program LAS/PPGEPS Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba Parana Brazil Departments of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781467363839

The firefly algorithm (FA) is a new population-based metaheuristic bioinspired on the behavior of the flashing characteristics of fireflies. As a population-based algorithm, the FA suffers from large execution times specifically for embedded optimization problems with computational limitations. For reducing execution times we propose a hardware parallel architecture of the FA algorithm that facilitates the implementation in Field programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs). In addition, this work proposes the application of the opposition-based learning (OBL) approach to the FA algorithm. The respective hardware implementation (HPOFA) was mapped into a Virtex5 FPGA device and numerical experiments using four well-known benchmark problems demonstrate that the opposition-based approach allows the FA algorithm to improve its functionality, preserving the swarm diversity and avoiding the premature convergence problem. Synthesis results point out that the HPOFA architecture is effectively mapped in hardware and is suitable for embedded applications. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Parallel architectures

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A study on time efficiency of CSMA/CA in inter-vehicle communication systems 8

A study on time efficiency of CSMA/CA in inter-vehicle commu...

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8th IEEE Global Conference on Consumer electronics, GCCE 2019

作者： Kato, Masashi Fujii, Masahiro Graduate School of Engineering Utsunomiya University Department of Information Systems Science 7-1-2 Yoto Utsunomiya Tochigi Tochigi Japan Graduate Program in Information Electrical and Electronics Systems Engineering Utsunomiya University 7-1-2 Yoto Utsunomiya Tochigi Tochigi Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781728135755

CSMA/CA has been widely accepted as a Media Access Control scheme for Inter-Vehicle Communication systems. In CSMA/CA, a mobile station waits a frame transmission during a backoff interval based on random value. Then, the mobile station transmits the frame if the others do not transmit any frames. In this paper, we evaluate system performances of CSMA/CA from the viewpoint of a time efficiency and average frame delay time varying the range of random value by network simulations. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Efficiency

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