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2024 Brazilian Symposium on Robotics (SBR), and 2024 Workshop on Robotics in Education (WRE)

作者： R. B. Costa G. Itacaramby J. Cabral M. A. Pastrana J. M. Peñaloza Daniel M. Muñoz Faculty of Gama Automotive Engineering Undergraduate Program Faculty of Gama Aerospace Engineering Undergraduate Program Faculty of Gama Software Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering Mechatronics Graduate Program

ISBN: (数字)9798350391084

ISBN: (纸本)9798350391091

This paper presents the design and construction of a low-cost combat robot named Artemis, developed for participation in the Robocore Experience 2024 competition. The project emphasizes the integration of cost-effective components and innovative methodologies to create a competitive robot. The ESP32 microcontroller was selected for its advantages in energy efficiency and connectivity, surpassing traditional platforms like Arduino. The construction process involved several phases, including planning, development, testing, correction, and performance evaluation, utilizing tools such as CAD software for design and 3D printing for fabrication. Key components included a DC motor, L298N H-bridge, and a LiPo battery, all chosen to optimize performance while adhering to budget constraints. The robot's design evolved through iterative testing and adjustments, ultimately leading to a successful competition debut. This work highlights the importance of resourcefulness and collaboration in robotics, showcasing how educational institutions can foster innovation in engineering projects.

关键词： Technological innovation Microcontrollers Weapons Switches Three-dimensional printing Solids Software Time factors Robots Testing

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White rice stem borer pest detection system using image-based convolution neural network 9th

White rice stem borer pest detection system using image-base...

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9th International Conference on Computer Science and Computational Intelligence, ICCSCI 2024

作者： Saufi, Akhmad Suharjito Computer Science Department BINUS Online Learning Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia Industrial Engineering Department BINUS Graduate Program Bina Nusantara University Jakarta11480 Indonesia

Preventing agricultural resource loss caused by pests remains a crucial issue. While technological advancements are being achieved, the current agricultural management methods and equipment have yet to meet the required level for precise pest control, a huge portion of the pest population analysis process is still conducted manually. As a solution to this issue, the development of a White Rice Stem Borer pest detection system has been conducted by applying Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) technology to calculate the pest population count at the research location. This system has been specifically designed to detect the White Rice Stem Borer using available traps. The method involves training data from a direct dataset obtained from the field, categorized into two positive and negative classes of the White Stem Borer pests. Six models have been trained from this dataset, utilizing two different architectures. Out of the six trained models, four showed potential overfitting, one exhibited underfitting, and one model demonstrated optimal results. The highest accuracy in image detection achieved by the most optimal CNN model was 97.35%, with a training accuracy of 98.54%. This best-performing model utilized an architecture with three Convolution layers, 50 Epochs, and an automatic data split with an 80:20 training-validation data ratio. From the research findings, it is concluded that this study can assist in automatically analyzing the quantity of White Stem Borer pests in a specific area without directly counting the number of pests from existing traps. However, the study still encounters a limitation-the detection process still requires substantial server resources and cannot be directly processed on the Raspberry PI device installed in the trap. Consequently, the detection relies on transmitting image data from the field device to the server before the detection process can occur. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： Convolutional neural networks

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Integrity of Cyber-Physical Discrete Event Systems under covert actuator attacks

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2024年第1期58卷 198-203页

作者： Samuel Oliveira André B. Leal Marcelo Teixeira Yuri K. Lopes Department of Exact and Technological Sciences Federal University of Amapá (UNIFAP) Macapá/AP Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Joinville/SC Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Technology (UTFPR) Pato Branco/PR Brazil Graduate Program in Applied Computing Santa Catarina State University (UDESC) Joinville/SC Brazil

The connectivity requirements brought by Industry 4.0 pose new challenges for cyber-physical systems (CPS), such as the strengthening of their resilience against cyberattacks. In this paper, we use the discrete event systems (DES) formalism to develop an approach that aims to protect CPS from covert actuator attacks using event permutation maps. In this approach, properly selected controllable events are permuted on the plant's site so that attacks on actuators do not have the impact on the plant as expected by the intruder and unsafe states are avoided. Furthermore, a property termed AE-protectability is presented to characterize the necessary and sufficient conditions for the system to be protected against such attacks through event permutations. The proposed approach is applied to a case study where the Identification of the attack is done without causing damage while maintaining the integrity of the system.

关键词： Cyber-security Supervisory Control Theory Diagnosis

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OPEN-SOURCE TOOLS FOR THE REFRACTORY ENGINEER OF THE PRESENT AND THE FUTURE 17

OPEN-SOURCE TOOLS FOR THE REFRACTORY ENGINEER OF THE PRESENT...

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17th Unified International Technical Conference on Refractories, UNITECR 2022

作者： Moreira, M.H. Santos, M.F. Pandolfelli, V.C. Federal University of Sao Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering SP Sao Carlos Brazil

Technology advances in the last century were able to reshape the world we live in. Relationships were physically and virtually changed by innovations going from transportation (engines, airplanes), to communication, (with phones, internet, and satellites). Considering this, the abilities and skills required for the young professionals have been shifting dramatically, and the refractory industry has demanded those that understand this new world and are able to solve its challenging problems. Because of the complexity of materials knowledge, which includes the latest advances in modeling and data science, a sophisticated blend of fundamental concepts and advanced techniques that defies how to promote education effectively was generated. For instance, the heat transfer mechanisms within the refractory material can be both discussed on the fundamental level or on how to perform advanced simulations to describe it, granting the engineer the ability to solve real-life problems. The present work aims to classify this new set of needed tools, explore options to conciliate fundamentals with advanced tools and conjecture strategies to educate the present and future professionals. As a conclusion, the minimum package of skills is presented considering the association of industry, academics, students and computing, all synergistically working together to solve the new challenges and promote true innovation. © 2022 Unified International Technical Conference on Refractories, UNITECR 2022 - Proceedings. All rights reserved.

关键词： Refractory materials

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One-step flow synthesis of size-controlled polymer nanogels in a fluorocarbon microfluidic chip

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RSC Advances 2024年第16期14卷 11258-11265页

作者： Montalbo, Reynaldo Carlos K. Wu, Meng-Jie Tu, Hsiung-Lin Institute of Chemistry Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Nanoscience and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Engineering and System Science National Tsing-Hua University Hsinchu300044 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Cheng-Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan Genome and Systems Biology Degree Program Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University Taiwan

Synthetic polymer nanoparticles (NPs) with biomimetic properties are ideally suited for different biomedical applications such as drug delivery and direct therapy. However, bulk synthetic approaches can suffer from poor reproducibility and scalability when precise size control or multi-step procedures are required. Herein, we report an integrated microfluidic chip for the synthesis of polymer NPs. The chip could sequentially perform homopolymer synthesis and subsequent crosslinking into NPs without intermediate purification. This was made possible by fabrication of the chip with a fluorinated elastomer and incorporation of two microfluidic mixers. The first was a long channel with passive mixing features for the aqueous RAFT synthesis of stimuli-responsive polymers in ambient conditions. The polymers were then directly fed into a hydrodynamic flow focusing (HFF) junction that rapidly mixed them with a crosslinker solution to produce NPs. Compared to microfluidic systems made of PDMS or glass, our chip had better compatibility and facile fabrication. The polymers were synthesized with high monomer conversion and the NP size was found to be influenced by the flow rate ratio between the crosslinker solution and polymer solution. This allowed for the size to be predictably controlled by careful adjustment of the fluid flow rates. The size of the NPs and their stimuli-responses were studied using DLS and SEM imaging. This microfluidic chip design can potentially streamline and provide some automation for the bottom-up synthesis of polymer NPs while offering on-demand size control. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Microfluidic chips

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Design and Performance Comparison of Current References for a 32-bit Microcontroller Using 22nm Technology

Design and Performance Comparison of Current References for ...

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IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)

作者： Eduardo A. Barcelos Pâmela R. A. N. Campagnucci Daniel M. Muñoz Wellington A. Amaral Sandro A. P. Haddad Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Technology Mechatronics Graduate Program Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (数字)9798331522124

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522131

With the advancement of semiconductor technologies, the need for efficient power management solutions in integrated systems, such as RISC-V architecture-based microcontrollers, becomes increasingly critical. However, there is a lack of studies comparing current reference architectures in terms of performance and robustness, particularly in 22nm technologies. In this paper, we present a comparative analysis of two current reference designs implemented in the same technology-referred to as Reference Design A and Reference Design B. We focus on their approaches to thermal compensation, supply stability, and layout optimizations. Through simulations and experimental tests, we evaluate the performance of each design within a power management system that includes DC-DC converters and LDO regulators. Our results indicate that Design A exhibits superior power supply rejection with a PSRR of -85 dB, while Design B demonstrates enhanced energy efficiency and thermal stability, achieving a nominal current of 5.14 μA and a temperature coefficient of 16.21 ppm. These findings underscore the importance of balancing energy efficiency, thermal stability, and power supply variation rejection when selecting current references for low-power, high-reliability applications, such as those in the Internet of Things (IoT).

关键词： Resistance Microcontrollers Power system management Stability criteria Energy efficiency Robustness Circuit stability Thermal analysis Internet of Things Thermal stability

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A Practical Guide to Motion Magnification 39th

A Practical Guide to Motion Magnification

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39th IMAC, A Conference and Exposition on Structural Dynamics, 2021

作者： Collier, Sean Dare, Tyler Graduate Program in Acoustics College of Engineering The Pennsylvania State University State CollegePA United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783030763343

Numerous algorithms and software packages have been developed to detect and magnify small motions in video recordings with applications to structural vibration analysis. While some techniques follow naturally from intuition or mathematical duality, others seem overly complex at face value. Due to this, it can be difficult to assess the best tool for analysis, especially in terms of an intuitive understanding of how the results came to be. To facilitate the development of this intuition, input videos with different test articles and vibration characteristics were processed through selected magnification schemes. For each input, the outputs of the different methods were compared in order to assess their differences, amplification potentials, and limitations. Beginning with single regions of interest, the investigation then moved into more complicated scenarios involving multiple areas of localized motion. Variations such as coherence and scale for objects in the frame were also examined. Unlike previous review papers, these magnification tools are introduced in a framework that is more geared toward the working acoustician;in particular, intensity-, Fourier-, multi-resolution-, and Hilbert-based methods are evaluated in a structural-acoustic context to garner a better understanding of the underlying principles and idiosyncrasies. The main result is a thorough evaluation of each method’s performance in order to develop a guide for choosing the best algorithm in a given scenario. © 2022, The Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc.

关键词： Video recording

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A 22nm CMOS PFM Buck Converter Used in a 32-Bit RISC-V Microcontroller for IoT Applications

A 22nm CMOS PFM Buck Converter Used in a 32-Bit RISC-V Micro...

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IEEE Latin American Symposium on Circuits and Systems (LASCAS)

作者： Luiz H. N. Oliveira Wellington A. Amaral Sandro A. P. Haddad Daniel M. Muñoz Eduardo A. Barcelos Vinícius V. M. Sotero Emmanuel K. M. Jonhson Pâmela R. A. N. Campagnucci Luis V. N. Lima Department of Mechanical Engineering Faculty of Technology Mechatronics Graduate Program University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Faculty of Gama Electronics Engineering Undergraduate Program

ISBN: (数字)9798331522124

ISBN: (纸本)9798331522131

The demand for efficient power management solutions in electronic devices has increased significantly, especially for microcontrollers operating in low-power modes. This article presents the design and implementation of a Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM)-based buck converter for applications in 32-bit microcontrollers using 22nm CMOS technology. The methodology involves the development of a Constant On Time (COT) architecture that maintains a fixed duration for the activation of the high-side MOSFET, using a monostable multivibrator to generate the necessary timing signals. The converter's performance was simulated under various load conditions and process corners to evaluate its efficiency and output characteristics. The results show that the proposed buck converter achieves high efficiency, with peak values above 95%, while maintaining a low output ripple. Specifically, the converter exhibits an efficiency of 93.4% at a load of 1mA, with output ripple voltages as low as 2.20 mV under ideal conditions. The contributions of this work lie in the advancement of PFM converter technology for modern microcontroller applications, demonstrating the potential of 22nm CMOS processes to improve power efficiency and performance.

关键词： Semiconductor device modeling Performance evaluation MOSFET Buck converters Microcontrollers Power system management Multivibrators Timing Internet of Things Load modeling

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Structural Analysis of Thumb Mechanism Exoskeleton Design for Post-Stroke Rehabilitation

Structural Analysis of Thumb Mechanism Exoskeleton Design fo...

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2023 International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics, Intelligent Manufacture and Industrial Automation, ICAMIMIA 2023

作者： Qoryah, Rika Dwi Hidayatul Guntur, Harus Laksana Nurhadi, Hendro Prastyo, Handri Kristianta, Franciscus Xaverius Chandika, Shendy Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Graduate Program of Mechanical Engineering Department Surabaya Indonesia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Mechanical Engineering Department Surabaya Indonesia Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember Mechanical Engineering Department Surabaya Indonesia University of Jember Undergraduate Program Mechanical Engineering Department Jember Indonesia University of Jember Mechanical Engineering Department Jember Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798350309225

Stroke is the second cause of death and the third cause of disability in the world. Stroke is a disease caused by a clot in the artery that supplies blood to the brain (ischemia). Rehabilitation is a solution to restore the function of parts of the body that have been disturbed by a stroke. Therefore, exoskeleton robots for stroke therapy are one solution to provide good rehabilitation. The exoskeleton robot supports healthy human hand movements and considers the safety and comfort factors during rehabilitation. The exoskeleton in this research uses a cable and sheath transmission mechanism with a locally situated motor as a design mechanism that guarantees safety and comfort. The design strength can be determined using ANSYS static structural assistance software so that the maximum stress in links 1, 2, and 3 is known within safe limits with anthropometric loading. Apart from that, the static structural simulation results show that link 1 can withstand a maximum load of 20 N or more in the X-axis loading, a load of 15 N in the Y-axis loading, and a load of 15 N in the Y-axis loading, and a load of 10 N in the Z-axis loading. Link 2 can withstand a maximum load of 10 N in the X-axis load and 20 N or more in the Y-axis load. Meanwhile, link 3 can withstand a maximum load of 20 N in the X-axis load and below 10 N in the Y-axis load. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Finite element method

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Quantized polarization in a generalized Rice-Mele model at arbitrary filling

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Physical Review B 2024年第4期110卷 045113-045113页

作者： Yasuhiro Tada Quantum Matter Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo

We discuss the charge polarization in a generalized Rice-Mele model at arbitrary particle filling per site as a model of charge-ordered systems in one dimension. The model possesses neither the conventional bond-centered inversion symmetry nor the one site translation symmetry alone but has combinations of these symmetries. We show that the charge polarization in the ground state is quantized by the combined symmetry and is characterized solely by the filling. Especially, the polarization can be 1/2 (mod 1) in the zero filling limit. Under the open boundary condition, there exist excess charges accumulated near edges of the system irrespective of existence or absence of edge modes. Correspondingly, we decompose the polarization into a bulk contribution and an edge contribution and numerically demonstrate that the polarization is dominated by the former (latter) when the energy gap is small (large). We also discuss a simple generalization of our model and examine absence/existence of a gapless edge mode protected by the inversion symmetry by introducing intra unit cell and inter unit cell contributions of the charge polarization.

关键词： Electric polarization Topological materials Topological insulators Discrete symmetries in condensed matter Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model

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