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37th International Conference on Lightning Protection, ICLP 2024

作者： Ferreira, Gabriel A.V.S. Leal, Adonis F.R. DiGangi, Elizabeth A. Lapierre, Jeff Zhu, Yanan Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Para Belem66075110 Brazil Langmuir Laboratory and Physics Department New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology 801 Leroy Place SocorroNM87801 United States AEM GermantownMD United States

ISBN: (纸本)9783800764174

In general, natural lightning flashes can be distinguished based on the charge that they neutralize (positive or negative), and if they reach the ground (Cloud-to-Ground - CG) or remain in the cloud (Intracloud - IC). On average, about 100 to 200 lightning strikes occur worldwide per second. This equates to roughly 8 million lightning strikes per day. Accurate lightning classification is crucial for identifying various types of thunderstorms and assessing their severity. Modern lightning location systems effectively capture a substantial portion of all lightning that occurs on Earth. However, due to the vast amount of data gathered, accurately classifying each lightning pulse poses a significant challenge. In this study, we evaluate the use of Earth Networks Total Lightning Network (ENTLN) data to develop a lightning classification model based on a Residual Neural Network (ResNet). We develop a new methodology to retrieve lightning electric field waveforms from ENTLN non-uniformly sampled data. The model was optimized to work in real-time, and its performance scores are accuracy = 95,2%, and F1-score = 92,6%. © 2024 IEEE, © VDE VERLAG GMBH ∙ Berlin ∙ Offenbach.

关键词： Lightning protection

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Supercapacitor Portable System for Automatic Acquire of Electrical Signals, Characterization and Electrical Schematic Modeling for Microelectronic Device Application 7

Supercapacitor Portable System for Automatic Acquire of Elec...

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7th International Symposium on Instrumentation Systems, Circuits and Transducers, INSCIT 2023

作者： Silva Campos, Mariana Da Alves Dourado, Gustavo De Brito, Arnaldo Kokke Lassarote Lavall, Rodrigo Salles, Luciana Pedrosa Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Belo Horizonte Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Electrical Engineering Departament Belo Horizonte Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Chemistry Department Belo Horizonte Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350326512

In this paper, new functionalities are presented for the Portable System for Automatic Acquire of Electrical Signals for Supercapacitor Characterization (SAAESSC) [1]. These supercapacitors can be used in low consumption electro-electronic devices, energy harvesting and Internet of Things (IoT) applications [2] [3] [4]. In addition to self-discharge test of supercapacitors, functions for testing galvanostatic charge and discharge cycling, automatic extraction of electrical parameters, supercapacitors circuit models and definition of test methodology were implemented. To validate the SAAESSC, it is used two supercapacitors to obtain measurements with both SAAESSC and VMP3 Multichannel Potentiostat from BioLogic [5]. Those measurements were compared, showing a mean percentage error of 0,23%. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Supercapacitor

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Dynamic Magnesiothermic Reduction of Various Silica to Porous Silicon Structures for Lithium Battery Anodes

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Choi, Wondo Bae, JeongWoo Sohn, Chansik Kim, Hyeonbin Karrapuahi, Murugesan Lee, Jung Kyoo Department of Chemical Engineering BK21 FOUR Graduate Program Dong-A University Busan49315 Korea Republic of

A dynamic magnesiothermic reduction (DMR) of various silica having different size and porosity is conducted to study the effects of silica properties on the ⅰ) DMR reaction kinetics, ⅱ) properties of resulting pSi microparticles, and ⅲ) performances of pSi/C composites as anodes in lithium batteries. A DMR kinetic study using the Ginstling–Brounstein diffusion model shows that the smaller the silica particle size, the larger the reduction rate and the lower the apparent activation energy. Irrespective of silica properties, all the resulting pSi particles have mesoporous structures. The pSi particles comprise interconnected small primary silicon nanoparticles (approximately 30 – 40 nm in diameter) to render similar particle morphologies to those of parent silica. Owing to these appealing features of pSi particles, pSi/C composites exhibit excellent cycling performance up to over 200 cycles and high rate capabilities, whereas SiMP/C (prepared with a non-porous silicon microparticles) lose most of its capacity in early cycles owing to high resistance build-up during cycling. Overall, the DMR of silica precursors of several micrometers or less in size (preferentially porous precursors) are desirable for the production of high-purity pSi microparticles for use in high-capacity and stable anodes for advanced lithium batteries. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anodes

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Design of a 3 Degree-of-Freedom Upper-Limb Active Exoskeleton with Cable-Driven Actuators for Neuromotor Rehabilitation 1

Design of a 3 Degree-of-Freedom Upper-Limb Active Exoskeleto...

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1st IEEE Colombian Caribbean Conference, C3 2023

作者： Dias, Eduardo Ulhoa, Pedro Andrade, Rafhael Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo Department of Mechanical Engineering. Vitória Brazil Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo Department of Electrical Engineering Vitória Brazil Universidade Federal Do Espírito Santo Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering Vitória Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350341799

Exoskeletons are wearable mechanisms which, parallel to the wearer's joints, modulate movements through active or passive torque application. While existing upper-limb exoskeletons offer benefits in strength augmentation and therapy, they often suffer from limited degrees of freedom and excessive bulk, hindering their utility in neuromotor rehabilitation. This study introduces a three degree-of-freedom active upper-limb exoskeleton optimized for neuromotor rehabilitation. Employing anthropometric data and rigorous kinematic analysis, the design accommodates elbow flexion/extension, forearm pronation/supination, and hand gripping. The upper limb dynamics, kinematics, and physiology were evaluated to provide adequate joint ranges of motion. Cable-driven actuators in the elbow and forearm joints were designed to provide low worn weight through the relocation of the motor units away from the user's joints. The result is a lightweight, compact exoskeleton that provides optimal conditions for neuromotor rehabilitation. Finally, a preliminary control strategy was tested using myoelectric signals to trigger motion. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Actuators

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Open Source OPC UA Data Traffic Characteristic and Anomaly Detection using Image-Encoding based Convolutional Neural Network 7

Open Source OPC UA Data Traffic Characteristic and Anomaly D...

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7th International Conference on Electric Vehicular Technology, ICEVT 2022

作者： Rahadian, Helmy Bandong, Steven Widyotriatmo, Augie Joelianto, Endra Institut Teknologi Bandung Engineering Physics Graduate Program Bandung Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia Institut Teknologi Bandung Bandung Indonesia

ISBN: (数字)9781665409421

ISBN: (纸本)9781665409421

The development of OT and IT technology and industrial growth requires the design of automation systems that can accommodate scalability and interoperability between devices. OPC UA is a communication protocol that bridges data exchange between devices using different communication platforms and protocols. OPC UA can also connect devices between levels in automation pyramids. As an open platform, open-source OPC UAs such as open62541, OpenOPCUA, and FreeOpcUa is currently being developed by several developer communities. Implementing open-source OPC UA is an attractive option if cost is a significant consideration. However, the primary purpose of implementing OPC UA is to communicate or exchange information effectively and reliably;information about the characteristics and performance of open-source OPC is needed before designing a particular open-source OPC-based automation system platform. This paper utilized FreeOpcUa, a Python OPC UA library, to determine communication traffic features between client and server and perform anomaly detection on the traffic. The results showed that when all clients read server data simultaneously, there was duplication (up to 9%) and loss (up to 5%) of some data packets. Otherwise, the server could read all clients' transmitted data. Anomaly detection testing with an image-encoding CNN also showed promising results, with accuracy, precision, recall, and F-score values approaching one. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Modeling of Integrated CM/DM Inductors in EMI Filters for High Power Density Converters

Modeling of Integrated CM/DM Inductors in EMI Filters for Hi...

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2024 Energy Conversion Congress and Expo Europe, ECCE Europe 2024

作者： Drummond, Rodrigo Almeida, Gregory Cougo, Bernardo Serpaud, Sebastien Dos Santos, Victor Morais, Lenin M. F. Irt Saint Exupéry Av. Antonio Carlos 6627 Toulouse31400 France Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais MG Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil Safran Tech Electronic and Electricity Team

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364446

In modern electrification and transportation industries, powertrains based on wide bandgap devices face many challenges that must be considered during the design, especially regarding power quality at the network/load sides and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI). Among them, the trade-off between the weight versus losses of magnetics can be seen as the critical one, mainly for more electric aircraft applications. In this context, magnetic components strongly impact the power density of power electronics converters. This paper proposes a precise analytical model of an integrated common-mode (CM) and differential-mode (DM) inductor to optimize EMI filter weight and volume. This is accomplished by increasing the leakage flux of CM inductor by adding extra leakage layers. Analysis considering a CM choke with the proposed structure is presented and discussed. The magnetic modeling and the theoretical approach are validated by simulation and experimental results. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Electric inductors

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A Three-Level Zero Harmonic Distortion Grid-Forming Converter For Medium Voltage Islanded Microgrids

A Three-Level Zero Harmonic Distortion Grid-Forming Converte...

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2024 Energy Conversion Congress and Expo Europe, ECCE Europe 2024

作者： Ramos, Gabriel V. Parreiras, Thiago M. Filho, Braz De J. C. Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering MG Av. Antonio Carlos 6627 Belo Horizonte31270-901 Brazil Centro Federal de Educação Tecnológica de Minas Gerais Department of Electrical Engineering Belo Horizonte Brazil Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais Department of Electrical Engineering Belo Horizonte Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9798350364446

The world has been experiencing a fast change in the production and use of electrical energy. The electric power system is fast changing from the conventional centralized generation to a more distributed generation (DG) with renewable energy sources installed near the consumers. The evolution of DG paves the way for the concept of grid-forming converters improving voltage and frequency stability in microgrids (MGs) and islanded applications, due to the growth of inverter-based resources. In islanded MG, power quality is a concern due to the presence of disturbing loads and possible resonance issues encountered with multiple electronically interfaced distributed energy resources (DERs) and loads. The present work proposes the Three-Level Zero Harmonic Distortion Converter (ZHD) grid-forming converter due to its inherently sinusoidal voltage source characteristic without the need of capacitive filtering elements that negatively impact in costs, efficiency, size and can be a source of resonances issues. These features are achieved by the proper combination of harmonic cancellation in a three-winding transformer and harmonic elimination using the Selective Harmonic Elimination Pulse Width Modulation (SHE PWM). Simulation results show the Three-Level ZHD converter setting voltage and frequency to an Medium Voltage (MV) islanded microgrid, delivering sinusoidal voltage waveforms even in the presence of nonlinear loads. The converter is able to maintain the voltage distortion below the IEEE 519 limits by respecting the current harmonic limits imposed by the same standard. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Harmonic distortion

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Reliability Analysis of IGBT Modules of Multilevel Inverters Operating in Hostile Mining Environments

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IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications 2025年

作者： Silva, Caio E. Reis, Gabriela Lígia Alzamora, André Mendonça De Paula, Hélder Maintenance Coordination Juiz de Fora Brazil Juiz de Fora Brazil Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Uberlândia Brazil Uberlândia Brazil

Throughout many Industries, pulse width modulation voltage source inverters (PWM-VSI) are commonly utilized within adjustable speed drives (ASD) to control induction motors. For many application within various heavy industries, the cables connecting the output of some ASDs to their motor loads can be extremely long. These long cable applications can cause several operational challenges. As an innovative solution, an alternative system configuration has been previously proposed, in which the rectifier is kept in its typical location, and the inverter bridge and DC bus capacitors are installed near the driven motor. The long cables running from the ASD to the motor are used as a DC transmission line, mitigating the high-frequency problems resulting from the inverter-cable-motor interaction. However, new concerns regarding the reliability of the power devices arise once the inverter is installed in harsh ambient conditions. In this context, this work proposes a reliability analysis of such drive configuration, applying the physics of failure (PoF) approach combined with the design for reliability methodology to carry out the design adjustments to achieve the reliability and minimizing implementation costs required for the application, focusing on the inverter IGBT modules. The results show that a three-level active neutral point clamped inverter (3L-ANPC) topology, applying two pulse width modulation (PWM) strategies and 400 Amp. - 6.5 kV IGBTs, would be the most appropriate from this study's reliability and feasibility analyses. © 1972-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Insulated gate bipolar transistors (IGBT)

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Oxygen Availability Control and Monitoring System in Hospitals using IoT 4

Oxygen Availability Control and Monitoring System in Hospita...

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4th International Conference on Electrical, Electronics, Informatics, and Vocational Education, ICE-ELINVO 2021

作者： Nugraha, Nikko Aji Bayu Mashoedah Post Graduate Program of Electronic and Informatics Engineering Education Faculty of Engineering Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta Indonesia

Medical Gas is an important component in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 disease. Medical gas is used to help COVID-19 patients to reduce the effects of respiratory disorders by providing oxygen ventilators to patients. With the surge in typical COVID-19 sufferers as of July 2021, the need for Oxygen in hospitals is getting higher. This is when the control and monitoring of medical gases in hospitals are late because the integrated system is very dangerous. Therefore, a system that can be used to control and monitor medical gases in hospitals that are integrated and automated and can be monitored by the Government and Medical Gas Producers. This is useful for anticipating the lack of availability of Medical Gas in hospitals. In this study, the system used IoT systems as a base in delivery and control. This system uses Arduino as a minimum system that reads the press sensor on the Medical Gas tube and regulates the valve. The data obtained is then sent to the Local Server to be processed and delivered to the Hospital Officer. Local Servers also send the data to cloud servers to be monitored by the government funds of several medical gas producers. This design can help in the process of controlling and monitoring Medical Gases in hospitals in hopes of minimizing the risk of delays in supplying medical gases to hospitals. © 2021 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved.

关键词： Hospitals

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Manta Ray Foraging Optimization Approaches on Multivariable PID Controller Tuning

Manta Ray Foraging Optimization Approaches on Multivariable ...

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Congress on Evolutionary Computation

作者： Yan Lieven Souza Luúio Luiza Scapinello Aquino Da Silva Viviana Cocco Mariani Leandro Dos Santos Coelho Electrical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEE) Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEM) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) and Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Curitiba Parana Brazil Department of Electrical Engineering Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) and Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil

This work presents a performance comparison between the newly developed Manta Ray Foraging Optimization (MRFO) and two different variants created for tuning a decentralized fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controller for a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) application. The application consists of a ball mill pulverizing system to pulverize coal and maximize fuel efficiency. MRFO and its applications have the task of finding the optimal controller variable values to control the system's temperature and pressure. The MRFO is a metaheuristic based on the behavior of manta rays, and although it shows efficient performance it may be improved through the use of techniques which generate new variants of the algorithm. Two techniques were used in the de-velopment of new variants: Quantum mechanics and opposition-based learning. The three different versions of MRFO were used to minimize a custom fitness function which is a combination of the integral time squared error (ITSE) and the overshoot of the system response. Simulations were carried using Simulink and Matlab softwares. For analyzing the performances, statistical measures such as minimum, maximum, best, mean, median, and standard deviation of the fitness function over 50 runs were used. Additionally, the different variants were also compared for minimizing 10 benchmark functions. The results show that the use of the previously mentioned techniques improve the performance of the original MRFO in optimizing the FOPID to control the ball mill pulverizing system.

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