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AN AFFORDABLE APPROACH FOR QUALITY-ASSURED SHIPBOARD MAINTENANCE INFORMATION - REPLY

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1991年第4期103卷 155-155页

作者： KNACHEL, RE MAGROGAN, WF Robert E. Knachelreceived his B.S. degree in mechanical engineering from Ohio State University in 1959 a B.S. in business administration from the University of Texas in 1963 and his M.B.A. degree from the Harvard Graduate School of Business in 1971. He served as a Navy line and Supply Corps officer for over twenty years. Prior to his retirement he served as the first U.S. Navy Supply Corps program manager for the Saudi Naval Expansion Program. Following retirement in 1981 he managed a series of U.S. Navy and foreign military sales logistics support programs for CACI Inc. Since 1988 he has been employed as a logistics program manager by Systems Engineering Associates (SEACOR) a division of Day and Zimmermann Inc. He currently serves as Washington area operations manager for SEACOR. Mr. Knachel is a member of ASNE and SOLE. William F. Magroganreceived his B.S. degree in economics from the University of Pennsylvania in 1964 an M.B.A. degree from Stanford University in 1972 and his master's degree in American studies from the California State University at Fullerton in 1987. He served on active duty as a U.S. Navy Supply Corps officer from 1964 to 1977 and continues to serve in the Naval Reserves where he has achieved the rank of captain. He has been employed as a financial/logistics analyst and program manager for EG&G Inc. Rockwell International and Unisys Corporation. Mr. Magrogan is currently associated with ELS Inc. as a principal analyst.

Acquisition and logistics professionals recognize the challenges in synchronizing maintenance and supply support information over the life cycle of shipboard systems and equipment. Decisions and judgments made during full-scale development, then described in maintenance documents and allowance lists, may become outdated for any number of reasons once the ship deploys. Thus, the fleet faces the possibility of out-of-sync maintenance support information at virtually any time. Initiatives during the 1980s which reconcile shipboard maintenance and support data include Integrated Logistics Overhauls (ILOs) and Ships Configuration and Logistics Support Information System (SCLSIS). These initiatives aim to ensure all shipboard equipments have current maintenance documents and up-to-date allowance lists, but they are expensive, time consuming, and scheduled every 4 to 5 years. Shipboard officers care about today's problem, particularly the next deployment. ILO and SCLSIS products are not always timed to the next deployment, nor is it practical or cost-effective to do so. Adopting the perspective of shipboard maintenance and supply officers, the authors identify three fundamental maintenance support information needs which quality assure readiness to perform a ship's mission: Technically complete, accurate, and up-to-date maintenance documents for all mission critical equipments. One-to-one correlation between authorized maintenance parts required and authorized allowance/ordering data for mission critical equipments. Assurances that all allowed mission critical parts needed for shipboard maintenance are on board or will be delivered prior to deployment. The authors maintain that the most affordable solution to shipboard maintenance support information quality assurance is to select mission critical equipments with significant CasRep or shipboard “trouble” histories and resolve any maintenance support information discrepancies prior to deployment “real-time.” This approach s

关键词： Ships

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ELASTIC WAVE-PROPAGATION FROM POINT EXCITATIONS ON THIN-WALLED CYLINDRICAL-SHELLS

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JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 1990年第3期112卷 399-406页

作者： PIERCE, AD KIL, HG Graduate Program in Acoustics and Department of Mechanical Engineering 157 Hammond Building Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 School of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta GA 30332

The circular cylindrical shell is described by equations that govern wave propagation in a two-dimensional homogeneous, but anisotropic and dispersive, medium. The idealization of an unbounded medium is applicable if the source is replaced by a periodic array of forces, the repetition distance being the cylinder circumference. Analytical expressions and calculations are presented for wavefront patterns, amplitude distributions, polarizations, and phase velocities for waves on the cylinder surface. The analysis includes all three possible directions of the exciting force and gives fundamental results that can be superimposed to predict vibration fields resulting from arbitrary excitations.

关键词： Pipes Elastic waves Circular cylindrical shells Waves Excitation Cylinders Wave propagation Vibration Anisotropy

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UNIQUENESS OF SOLUTIONS TO VARIATIONALLY FORMULATED ACOUSTIC RADIATION PROBLEMS

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JOURNAL OF VIBRATION AND ACOUSTICS-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME 1990年第2期112卷 263-267页

作者： WU, XF PIERCE, AD Department of Mechanical Engineering and Institute for Manufacturing Research Wayne State University Detroit MI 48202 Graduate Program in Acoustics Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802

Determination of the surface acoustic pressure given the surface velocity of a vibrating body can be formulated in various ways. However, for some such formulations such as the surface Helmholtz integral equation, solutions are not unique at certain discrete frequencies. Such uniqueness problems can also be present for variational formulations of the problem, but the variational formulation based on the normal derivative of the Kirchhoff integral theorem has unique solutions for vibrating disks and plate-like bodies. For bodies of finite volume, but for which each surface point is vibrating in phase, the total radiated acoustic power is always unique, even though the pressure may not be. The latter conclusion is supported by numerical calculations based on the Rayleigh-Ritz technique for the case of a finite cylinder vibrating as a rigid body in the axial direction.

关键词： Radiation (Physics) Disks Cylinders Acoustics Theorems (Mathematics) Sound pressure Integral equations Pressure

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A SYSTEM engineering APPROACH TO SURFACE COMBATANT DESIGN ISSUES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第3期102卷 228-239页

作者： RAINS, DA The Author:is president Decision Engineering Pascagoula Mississippi and has been an active member of ASNE since 1970 a frequent contributor to theNaval Engineers Journaland a participant at ASNE Day meetings as both an author and discusser. He was chairman of the Cruiser Destroyer and Frigate Technology Symposium held in Biloxi Mississippi in 1982. He was paper chairman for the 1986 Symposium. He is currently councilor in the Pascagoula Section of ASNE. He has been program chairman of the Pascagoula Section for the past three years. He has 39 years of engineering experience and is a graduate of the California Institute of Technology from which he received his B.S. M.S. and Ph.D. degrees all in mechanical engineering.

The design of naval surface combatants presents a challenging system engineering problem. There are many important choices to be analyzed and made. Within the limitation of the available technologies, there are many design decisions to be made even if no new technologies are selected. The purpose of this paper is to explore ship design optimization in a system engineering context. The design issues to be considered are ship speed, combined with powerplant size selection, endurance, and level of passive survivability. These issues are addressed from a design viewpoint using current technologies. It will be left to future efforts to explore the merits of new technologies. Military effectiveness and affordability analyses are used to determine the best selection of design parameters for future combatants. The analysis procedures used, together with the results, are summarized for reference and use.

关键词： Warships

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AN APPLICATION OF TOTAL QUALITY MANAGEMENT AT AN INTERMEDIATE MAINTENANCE ACTIVITY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第6期102卷 35-43页

作者： NEEDHAM, WD USN is currently assigned as the Pacific Submarine Force maintenance officer in Pearl Harbor Hawaii. He is a 1972 Magna Cum Laude graduate of Duke University with a BS in mechanical engineering a 1983 graduate of Central Michigan University with an MA in business management and a 1986 graduate of MIT with an MS in materials science and an OE in ocean engineering. Cdr. Needham was selected for the Nuclear Power Program and following initial qualification on the USSGrayling (SSN-646) served as production training assistant officer at S7G Prototype and as engineer officer of USSNathan Hale (SSBN-623). He transferred to the EDO community in 1981 and has served as nuclear repair officer at Norfolk Naval Shipyard and as repair officer of USSHunley (AS-31). His awards include the Meritorius Service Medal with gold star the Navy Commendation Medal the Navy Achievement Medal the Spear Foundation Award the Vice Admiral C. R. Bryan Award and the Award for Excellence in Corrosion Engineering of the Chemical Process Industries. He is a registered professional engineer in the state of Virginia.

The current budget and resource constrained fiscal environment mandates positive measures to improve productivity. The management practices of the last four decades are no longer valid. The Department of Defense (DoD) has issued broad guidelines for a restructuring of all subordinate commands and agencies called total quality management (TQM). The precepts of TQM are not new. They are the very same precepts prescribed by numerous management and quality control experts for the past decade to reverse the downward trends in the productivity of American industry. The program elements of TQM are broad in scope, as they must be for an organization as large and diverse as DoD. The implementation of TQM at the local command level is left to the local commander. This is no mean task, as TQM is a radical departure from traditional management practice in every aspect of an organization. This article reports on the implementation of TQM at a local command, the USS Hunley , a naval auxiliary support ship whose primary mission is the repair and maintenance of a squadron of nuclear-powered submarines in Norfolk, Virginia.

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FLAMMABILITY AND TOXICITY OF COMPOSITE-MATERIALS FOR MARINE VEHICLES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第5期102卷 45-54页

作者： SEVART, JL GRIFFIN, OH GURDAL, Z WARNER, GA Jeffrey L. Sevart:is a native of Kansas and a 1985 graduate of Kansas State University with a B.S. in mechanical engineering (magna cum laude). After working as a stress analysis engineer at Boeing Military Airplane Company in Wichita Kans. he attended Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University and received an M.S. in engineering mechanics in February 1988. He currently resides in Akron Ohio working as a research engineer in tire composites research at The Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company. O. Hayden Griffin Jr.:received his B.S. and M.S. in mechanical engineering from Texas Tech University in 1970 and 1971 respectively. He received his Ph.D. in engineering mechanics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1980. Prior to joining the faculty of Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University as associate professor of engineering science and mechanics in September 1985 he was employed at the U.S. Naval Surface Warfare Center (Dahlgren Virginia) BF Goodrich Tire Group (Akron Ohio) the Bendix Advanced Technology Center (Columbia Maryland) and the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (Laurel Maryland). He is currently an associate director of the Virginia Institute for Material Systems. He is a registered professional engineer in Virginia and is a member of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and the American Society for Composites. Zafer Gürdal:received his M.S. in mechanical and aerospace engineering from Illinois Institute of Technology in 1981 and his Ph.D. in aerospace engineering from Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1985. He worked as a research associate in the Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department at Virginia Tech before joining the Engineering Science and Mechanics Department as an assistant professor in September 1985. Professor Gürdal's research interests include: composite structures failure mechanics of composites structural optimization and damage tolerant design. He is a member of the American Institute

Characteristics of both thermoplastic and thermoset composite materials as they pertain to marine vehicle applications are discussed. Comparison of various material selection factors such as strength, damage and moisture resistance, and flammability and toxicity as well as cost and availability of thermoset and thermoplastic composite materials are presented. Methods for testing and reducing the flammability and toxicity are discussed. Many commercially available composite systems are reported to provide favorable characteristics for marine applications. Although there seems to be a need for improved production technology for thermoplastics, they present potential advantages in physical properties over thermoset composites.

关键词： Composite Materials

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SHIP SERVICE ELECTRICAL SYSTEMS - DESIGNING FOR SURVIVABILITY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1990年第5期102卷 32-36页

作者： CERMINARA, J KOTACKA, RO John Cerminara:is a principal engineer with Westinghouse Machinery Technology Division Electrical Systems Department. He holds a B.S. degree in electrical engineering from the University of Pittsburgh. He is a registered professional engineer and a member of IEEE ASNE and the Ship Steering Group of the Combat Survivability Division of ADPA. Mr. Cerminara has had over 30 years of multidiscipline experience ranging from engineering and construction in heavy industry to standards and publications. Past assignments include DOE/ NASA wind turbine project manager for Westinghouse and task leader of MTD electrical systems. Most recent assignments have included hull mechanical and electrical (HM&E) distributive system survivability analyses of the LSD-41 mobility mission area and application and validation of NavSea computer-aided design of Survivable Distributive System (CADSDiS) Program. Rolf O. Kotacka:is presently a ship systems engineer in the Ship Systems Engineering Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command Engineering Directorate where his primary responsibility is ship system survivability. He is a 1977 graduate of SUNY Maritime College where he received his bachelor of engineering degree in marine electrical engineering as well as a U.S. Coast Guard Third Assistant Engineer License and a commission in the U. S. Naval Reserve. Upon graduation Mr. Kotacka was employed by Charleston Naval Shipyard as a field engineer until 1981 where he gained his background in surface ship HM&E systems and equipment. He then transferred to the Supervisor of Shipbuilding Conversion and Repair Groton where he served as a senior electrical engineer monitoring the design and construction of Trident and 688 class submarines and received the Meritorious Unit Citation. Prior to his present position Mr. Kotacka was the life cycle manager for diesel generator sets in the Naval Sea Systems Command's Generators Branch. He has coauthored several papers dealing with power generation for ASE and SNAME. Mr. Kotacka is also a lieutena

This paper highlights the survivability concerns in the design of ship service power systems. The paper gives a brief description of what constitutes a typical ship service electric power system and concentrates on electric power generation and associated controls. Established survivability design principles and guidelines are highlighted and the application of those guidelines are discussed. General Specifications (Gen Specs) for Ships of the U.S. Navy are cited as the cornerstone for design. Specific design criteria are cited as well as the rationale associated with the survivability design guidelines pertaining to power generation and distribution. The application of these survivability design guidelines plus the use of the deactivation diagram/damage tolerance analysis cited in the Gen Spec section 072e will enhance overall design and help ensure survivable electric power systems for surface combatants.

关键词： Warships

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FIELD METHODS FOR MEASUREMENT OF GROUND-WATER REDOX CHEMICAL-PARAMETERS

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1990年第4期10卷 81-89页

作者： WALTONDAY, K MACALADY, DL BROOKS, MH TATE, VT Katherine Walton-Day received an A.B. in geology from Smith College (1981) and an M.S. in geology from the Colorado School of Mines (1986). She is currently a Ph.D. candidate in geology at the Colorado School of Mines and is employed as a geologist at the U. S. Geological Survey Geologic Division in Denver Colorado(USGS Box 25046 MS973 Denver CO 80225). Her research involves studying the processes controlling the mobility of trace metals in pristine and contaminated natural systems. Donald L. Macalady received a B.S. in chemical engineering from Pennsylvania State University in 1963 and a Ph.D. in chemistry from the University of Wisconsin in 1969. He has held positions at Grinnell College (1968–1970) Northern Michigan University (1970–1982) and the Colorado School of Mines (1982-present) (Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry Colorado School of Mines Golden CO 80401). His research interests include chemical reactions of anthropogenic organic chemicals in natural water systems chemistry of metals and metal-organic complexes in natural and polluted water systems aqueous analytical chemistry and surface chemistry of natural particles. He is a member of ACS AAAS and ASLO and serves as an associate editor to the Journal of Contaminant Hydrology. Myron H. Brooks received a B.S. in biology from Emory University (1979). He is a graduate student in the Department of Chemistry and Geochemistry at the Colorado School of Mines. Brooks is a research chemist for the U. S. Geological Survey Water Resources Division in Arvada Colorado (USGS Box 25046 MS408 Denver CO 80225). He has participated in numerous investigations of ground water surface water and wet deposition chemistry over the last 10 years. His current research is focused on microbial processes in contaminated ground water. Vernon T. Tate studied mechanical engineering at the University of Denver. He was employed by Union Carbide for 27 years. While employed by Union Carbide he worked as an analyst was in charge of developing a QA/QC lab for

An inexpensive, versatile, and portable system is presented, which facilitates rapid field determinations of redox potentials, pH, conductivity, ferrous and total iron, nitrite, specific conductance, dissolved oxygen, and temperature. Accuracy is facilitated by on-site measurements of most parameters using specially constructed flow-through cells and, for several analyses, sealed reagent ampoules, which can be broken and developed inside a flowing stream of ground water. Coupled with laboratory analyses of more stable ground water parameters, this system can provide accurate and relatively inexpensive determinations of redox conditions in ground water.

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A NEW DYNAMIC CORROSION TEST FOR DENTAL MATERIALS

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DENTAL MATERIALS 1989年第6期5卷 411-414页

作者： MELETIS, EI GIBBS, CA LIAN, K Louisiana State University Materials Science Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering Department Baton Rouge LA 70803-6413 United States University of California Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group Davis CA 95616 United States

A new laboratory technique has been developed in an effort to simulate the deterioration processes occurring in dental amalgam restorations while they are exposed to attack by the oral environment and simultaneously subjected to biting forces during mastication. This combined mechanical wear and corrosion action may be one of the major contributors to the degradation of dental amalgam restorations. The technique provides the capability of varying and measuring electrochemical and mechanical parameters during a sliding-wear process in a corrosive environment. A high-copper dental amalgam was selected and tested to demonstrate the applicability of the method in evaluating and studying the effects of the combined action of wear and corrosion processes on dental materials. For the particular amalgam material tested in the present study, it was found that sliding-wear significantly lowered its corrosion potential and increased corrosion rates by at least one order of magnitude.

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POWER LIMITED DESIGN APPROACH FOR COMBATANT SHIPS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1989年第1期101卷 73-80页

作者： RAINS, DA DEAN A. RAINS PH.D is president Decision Engineering Pascagoula Mississippi and has been an active member of ASNE since 1970 a frequent contributor to theNaval Engineers Journal and a participant at ASNE Day meetings as both an author and discusser. He was chairman of the Cruiser Destroyer and Frigate Technology Symposium held in Biloxi Mississippi in 1982. He was paper chairman for the 1986 Symposium. He is currently Councilor in the Pascagoula Section of ASNE. He has been program chairman of the Pascagoula Section for the past two years. He has 33 years of engineering experience and is a graduate of the California Institute of Technology from which he received his B.S. M.S. and Ph.D. degrees all in mechanical engineering.

The usual design approach for combatants is to select the combat system and ship performance parameters and then determine all of the ship characteristics including the power plant size. Described in this paper is an alternative design approach wherein the power plant and electrical plant are selected after a sustained speed is chosen. Then the hull design, propulsor, transmission system and the various other subsystems can be selected to maximize the payload. The payload items are selected to match the weight and space available. The implication of the hull, mechanical and electrical (HM&E) selections are discussed. A series of examples is used to illustrate the importance of sustained speed, hull form, drag reduction approaches, propulsor and subsystem selection on payload size or combat system capability. The approach can also be used to assess the merits of various HM&E technologies for increasing the size of allowable payload. Twenty technologies are assessed using this approach and compared to each other for payload weight and volume increases. Four power limited ship designs, all using two gas turbine engines for main propulsion power, are compared in detail as examples of the approach. The designs are compared and assessed using survivability and mission effectiveness analyses. This assessment may assist and guide future design efforts. The viability and value of the power limited approach is discussed and conclusions are drawn.

关键词： Warships

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