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Effects of carbon dioxide concentration and swine wastewater on the cultivation of Chlorella vulgaris FSP-E and bioethanol production from microalgae biomass

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Applied Energy 2024年 369卷

作者： Condor, Billriz E. de Luna, Mark Daniel G. Lacson, Carl Francis Z. Acebu, Paula Isabel G. Abarca, Ralf Ruffel M. Nagarajan, Dillirani Lee, Duu-Jong Chang, Jo-Shu Energy Engineering Program National Graduate School of Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City Philippines Quezon City1101 Philippines Department of Chemical Engineering University of the Philippines Diliman Quezon City1101 Philippines Center of Excellence in Environmental Catalysis and Adsorption Thammasat University Pathum Thani12121 Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology Mindanao State University-Iligan Institute of Technology Iligan City9200 Philippines College of Hydrosphere Science Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung City811532 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering City University of Hong Kong Kowloon Tang Hong Kong Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University 407 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University Chung-Li Taiwan

The study investigated the potential of wastewater-derived microalgae as a cost-effective feedstock for bioethanol production. The influence of CO2 loading, use of swine wastewater as a nutrient source, effect of micronutrients in the cultivation media, and scale-up of Chlorella vulgaris FSP-E was conducted. Results showed that 2% CO2, 25% swine wastewater, 500 mg/L sodium nitrate, 40 mg/L K2HPO4, 75 mg/L MgSO4, and 6 mg/L citric acid were optimal for maximal biomass production, nitrate removal, and carbohydrate accumulation in BG-11 medium. The maximum biomass and carbohydrate content obtained in this study were 35-fold and 60%, respectively. Scaling up to 5 L volume was challenging due to illumination, aeration, and mixing issues. The obtained carbohydrate-rich biomass was subjected to mild sulfuric acid hydrolysis and subsequently used for bioethanol fermentation. The hydrolysate was composed solely of glucose and galactose and was converted into bioethanol within 8 h by Saccharomyces cerevisiae with an ethanol yield of 0.22 ± 0.01 g ethanol per g biomass. Further exploration of effective lighting and mixing strategies are recommended to realize economically viable microalgal biofuels. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biomass

Rheology and 3d Printing of Alginate Bio-Stabilized Earth Concrete

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Maierdan, Yierfan Armistead, Samuel J. Mikofsky, Rebecca A. Huang, Qiqi Ben-Alon, Lola Srubar, Wil V. Kawashima, Shiho Columbia University Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics New YorkNY10027 United States Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture Planning and Preservation New YorkNY10027 United States University of Colorado Boulder Department of Civil Environmental and Architectural Engineering United States University of Colorado Boulder Materials Science and Engineering Program United States

Driven by the need for sustainable construction solutions, there is renewed interest in earth-based materials. Biopolymer stabilizers can enhance the rheological and structural properties of these materials to facilitate their use in 3D printing. This research examined the influence of sodium alginate on the stability, particle interaction, rheology, and 3D printability of kaolinite, a commonly found clay mineral in soils deemed suitable for construction. Findings revealed that sodium alginate could boost electrostatic interactions to enhance the stability of kaolinite suspensions. This rise in repulsive potential energy also reduced storage modulus and yield stress by orders of magnitude. However, as the alginate content increased beyond its cross-linking concentration (0.12% - 0.6%), a reverse trend was observed, which was attributed to the formation of a three-dimensional polymer network. Furthermore, alginate addition shifted the "printability window" of kaolinite suspensions to mixtures with higher solid contents, which has positive implications on strength and shrinkage. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Biomolecules

Highly active vitamin B₁ Pickering emulsion interface catalysis systems for Knoevenagel condensation

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Surfaces and Interfaces 2025年 68卷

作者： Zhang, Po Liu, Daliang Chang, Xiaohong Song, Xi-Ming Song, Zhining Li, Quan Liaoning Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials College of Chemistry Liaoning University Shenyang 110036 China Center for Analysis and Testing College of Chemistry Liaoning University Shenyang 110036 China Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Nanjing 211189 China Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State University Kent 44242 OH United States

Vitamin B1 (VB1) is characterized by its non-toxicity, low cost, and good stability, making it a highly promising biobased green catalyst with significant potential for development. Due to its favorable water solubili... 详细信息

Vitamin B₁ (VB₁) is characterized by its non-toxicity, low cost, and good stability, making it a highly promising biobased green catalyst with significant potential for development. Due to its favorable water solubility, research on VB₁ as a catalyst is currently limited to homogeneous and single-solvent heterogeneous catalytic systems, and there are inherent limitations in how to fully dissolve substrates to enhance catalytic performance and expand the range of reaction substrates. In this study, VB₁ was immobilized onto the surface of graphene oxide nanosheets (GOs) through multiple interaction forces, thereby forming GOs-VB₁ composite nanosheets. With the nanosheets, stable toluene/water Pickering emulsion interfacial catalysis (PEIC) systems were constructed for Knoevenagel condensation. By using the PEIC systems, the yields of eight benzylidenemalononitrile derivatives reached 85%-95% after 30 min reaction under static reaction condition of non-agitation at 40 °C with the dosage of only 0.35 wt% GOs-VB₁, much higher than that catalyzed by VB₁ or GOs-VB₁ in the corresponding single or mixed solvents under the same conditions. The excellent catalytic performance of the VB₁-based PEIC systems under mild reaction conditions is attributed to the sufficient dissolution of the reactants (malononitrile and benzaldehyde or its derivatives) in the continuous and dispersed phases of the emulsion, respectively, as well as the stable enrichment of the catalyst VB₁ at the large emulsion interface. The PEIC systems exhibited consistently high reaction yields even after undergoing six of recycling. © 2025

关键词： Graphene oxide Knoevenagel condensation Pickering emulsion interfacial catalysis (PEIC) Vitamin B1 (VB1)

Fabrication of tantalum silicate films with low TCR and low resistivity by magnetron sputtering

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Vacuum 2024年 226卷

作者： Chen, Cheng-Lung Huang, Cheng Chen, Sheng-Chi Liu, Yen-Chen Chuang, Min-Chen Wen, Chao-Kuang Huang, Wei-Sheng Yang, Wen-Sheng Chen, Yang-Yuan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Yunlin64002 Taiwan Department of Materials Engineering and Center for Plasma and Thin Film Technologies Ming Chi University of Technology 243 New Taipei City Taiwan College of Engineering and Center for Green Technology Chang Gung University 333 Taoyuan Taiwan International Ph.D. Program in Plasma and Thin Film Technology Ming Chi University of Technology 243 New Taipei City Taiwan TPH Research & Develop Dept. Chien Hwa Coating Technology Inc. Hsinchu300 Taiwan National Engineering Research Center for Rare Earth Materials Grirem Advanced Materials Co. Ltd. General Research Institute for Nonferrous Metals Beijing100088 China Institute of Physics Academia Sinica 115 Taipei Taiwan

Tantalum silicate (Ta–Si–O) thin film materials have gained significant interest in hybrid renewable energy systems and thin-film resistors due to their exceptional thermal stability and adjustable electrical properties. In this study, we investigated the effects of target compositions and sputtering power densities on the material structures, chemical compositions, microstructures, and electrical properties of Ta–Si–O films. Two target compositions, Ta65(SiO2)35 and Ta80(SiO2)20, were utilized in the deposition process. Notably, we observed substantial variations in the temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR) value and resistivity of Ta–Si–O thin films with different Ta concentrations. Most importantly, when the Ta content of the film is controlled at 62 ± 0.6 % by using this target, the resistivity of the Ta0.62Si0.20O0.18 film can be as small as 2.31 ± 0.05 × 10−4 Ω-cm and has an extremely small TCR of 22 ± 0.4 ppm/°C, which shows an excellent opportunity for the development of precision thin film resistors. A TCR value close to zero can be finely tuned by controlling the Ta concentration in the Ta–Si–O film. These intriguing electrical behaviors were found to be highly correlated with the predominant formation of metallic Ta5Si3 as the main structural phase in the films. This work presents a simple and effective approach to produce Ta–Si–O thin films with near-zero TCR, making them highly suitable for applications under high-temperature conditions. Our findings contribute to the development of tailored thin film materials with desirable electrical properties for advanced electronic and energy devices. © 2024 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Thin films

Waste Valorization from Brazilian Nepheline Syenite Processing as a Strategic Approach to Advancing the Circular Economy

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Santos, Diego Haltiery Rosa, Laura Pereira Alves, Cleidson Rosa Simão, Lisandro Arcaro, Sabrina Klegues Montedo, Oscar Rubem Raupp-Pereira, Fabiano Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina Criciúma88806-000 Brazil Department of Civil Engineering Federal Institute of Santa Catarina Criciúma88813-600 Brazil Research Group on Sustainability and Waste Management Postgraduate Program in Environmental Technology University of Ribeirão Preto Ribeirão Preto14096-900 Brazil Brazil

The growing disparity between the high extraction of natural resources and low use of waste as alternative mineral resources will aggravate the scarcity of natural reserves. Therefore, the current linear economy model must be converted to sustainable economic models, such as the circular economy. To achieve this transition, it is important that waste recovery strategies are implemented with a continuous search for solutions for these materials. Thus, this study investigates the waste from the processing of nepheline syenite stone, to promote its valorization as an alternative mineral resource. The classification, potentiality, quantity/viability and applicability (CPQvA) criteria are used as tools to aid decision-making for the waste valorization. The environmental, physical, chemical, morphological, and durability characteristics of nepheline syenite waste (NSW) are analyzed. The results showed evidence for the substitution of NSW for up to 100% of fine aggregates and 25% of Portland cement in civil construction. Furthermore, NSW yields recoveries of more than 90% of potassium for use in agriculture, and up to 70% of iron ore for use in steelworks. Therefore, the results indicate that NSW is viable for different applications, contributing to industrial symbiosis and a strategy for advancing the circular economy. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Sustainable development

Reducing Effective System Dimensionality with Long-Range Collective Dipole-Dipole Interactions

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第17期132卷 173803-173803页

作者： Ashwin K. Boddeti Yi Wang Xitlali G. Juarez Alexandra Boltasseva Teri W. Odom Vladimir Shalaev Hadiseh Alaeian Zubin Jacob Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA Department of Chemistry Northwestern University Evanston Illinois 60208 USA School of Physics and Astronomy Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA

Dimensionality plays a crucial role in long-range dipole-dipole interactions (DDIs). We demonstrate that a resonant nanophotonic structure modifies the apparent dimensionality in an interacting ensemble of emitters, as revealed by population decay dynamics. Our measurements on a dense ensemble of interacting quantum emitters in a resonant nanophotonic structure with long-range DDIs reveal an effective dimensionality reduction to d¯=2.20(12), despite the emitters being distributed in 3D. This contrasts with the homogeneous environment, where the apparent dimension is d¯=3.00. Our work presents a promising avenue to manipulate dimensionality in an ensemble of interacting emitters.

关键词： Light-matter interaction Long-range interactions Metamaterials Optics & lasers Photonics Plasmonics Quantum optics

Nanoslot-Induced Ultrastrong Phonon-Photon and Phonon-Phonon Coupling in Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Perovskites 16

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Nanoslot-Induced Ultrastrong Phonon-Photon and Phonon-Phonon...

16th Pacific Rim Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics, CLEO-PR 2024

作者： Kim, Dasom Hou, Jin Lee, Geon Agrawal, Ayush Kim, Sunghwan Zhang, Hao Bao, Di Baydin, Andrey Wu, Wenjing Tay, Fuyang Huang, Shengxi Hagenmüller, Daivd Chia, Elbert E. M. Kim, Dai-Sik Seo, Minah Mohite, Aditya D. Kono, Junichiro Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Sensor System Research Center Korea Institute of Science and Technology Seoul02792 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 637371 Singapore Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Université de Strasbourg Cnrs Strasbourg67000 France KU-KIST Graduate School of Converging Science and Technology Korea University Seoul02841 Korea Republic of Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Methods for harnessing vibrational states are desired for phonon-based technologies. We realized ultrastrong coupling of two phonon modes in perovskite materials induced by ultrastrong coupling with a common photonic ... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9798350372076

关键词： Organic-inorganic materials

Folding Graphene into Super-Strong, Z-Laminated Membranes

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Santos, Ian Daniell Hofmann, Mario Tjarks, Patrick Muthu, Jeyavelan Lin, You-Chen Yen, Zhi-Long Chand, Pradyumna Kumar Raman, Radha Rouhani, Mehdi Jeng, Yeau-Ren Nguyen, Dinh-Tuan Hsieh, Ya-Ping Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Nano Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica National Taiwan University Taiwan Institute of Physics Academia Sinica Taipei106 Taiwan Institute for Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei106 Taiwan Department of Physics National Central University Taoyuan320 Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica National Central University Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan70101 Taiwan

We here demonstrate the strengthening of graphene, an atomically thin carbon allotrope, by out-of-plane folding. Through lateral confinement of graphene at the water-air interface, buckling was induced in suspended flakes leading to an unexpected folding transition beyond a critical surface pressure. The emergence of folding was confirmed by in-situ reflectivity and ex-situ microscopy and imparts graphene assemblies with a unique "z-laminated" morphology. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate an enhanced adhesion between neighboring flakes compared to lateral sliding which was confirmed by a surface pressure hysteresis during the folding process. Mechanical testing reveals superior Young’s modulus and Yield strength when compared to conventional graphene assemblies and even compared to composites. We demonstrate the potential of folding for graphene-based structural materials, tribological layers, and functional electrochemical coatings. Finally, the complete recyclability of z-laminated graphene opens up new routes towards sustainable nanostructured materials. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Graphene

The Influence of Nbb Inoculation on Dendritic Spacing and Grain Size of an Aluminum 2017 Alloy at Different Cooling Rates

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Silva, Argos Soares de Albuquerque Sousa, Sarah Maria de Gouveia, Guilherme Lisboa Garcia, Amauri Spinelli, José Eduardo Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of São Carlos UFSCar SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering University of Campinas SP Campinas13083-860 Brazil

The Al-4Cu-Mg 2017 alloy is a significant Al extrusion alloy. As a result, knowing its behavior in terms of grain refining during casting stages becomes critical for the next processing steps. In the face of the shortcomings exhibited by TiB inoculants, the addition of NbB could be tested for this alloy as an alternative. The present article investigates the effects of NbB addition on grain size (GS), on secondary dendrite arm spacing (λ2) and on hardness of centrifugally cast (CC) and directionally solidified (DS) 2017 alloy samples, encompassing a broad range of cooling rates and solidification conditions. The λ2 did not change much as a result of the NbB inoculation, either for DS or CC samples, decreasing from 7.2 μm to 7.0 μm in the case of the 4 mm-thick CC samples and increasing from 17.0 μm to 22.5 μm in the case of the DS samples. The average GS, on the other hand, reduced from 293 μm to 136 μm for the NbB-containing CC samples and from 756 μm to 313 μm for the DS samples associated with cooling rates of 10 K/s. Both processes can achieve nearly the same GS reduction ratio, namely 2.2 for the CC and 2.5 for the DS. This implies that GS reduction ratio was barely affected if similar cooling rates were compared while taking the experimental range for both processes into account. Moreover, Vickers hardness results revealed that GS had little influence on this property for both alloys studied. The experimentally obtained data translated a variety of solidification condition outlines for the 2017 alloy. Through this data, understanding of an alternative inoculant in a significant Al alloy series advanced significantly. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solidification