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The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment 2022年第12期27卷 1377-1377页

作者： Mankong, Phatchari Fantke, Peter Phenrat, Tanapon Mungkalasiri, Jitti Gheewala, Shabbir H. Prapaspongsa, Trakarn Graduate Program in Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Mahidol University Nakhon Pathom Thailand Quantitative Sustainability Assessment Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Naresuan University Phitsanulok Thailand Technology and Informatics Institute for Sustainability (TIIS) National Metal and Materials Technology Center (MTEC) National Science and Technology Development Agency (NSTDA) Pathum Thani Thailand The Joint Graduate School of Energy and Environment (JGSEE) King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok Thailand Centre of Excellence On Energy Technology and Environment Ministry of Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Bangkok Thailand

Zeeman polaritons as a platform for probing Dicke physics in condensed matter

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kritzell, T. Elijah Doumani, Jacques Asano, Tobias Yamada, Sota Tay, Fuyang Xu, Hongjing Yan, Han Katayama, Ikufumi Takeda, Jun Nevidomskyy, Andriy Nojiri, Hiroyuki Bamba, Motoaki Baydin, Andrey Kono, Junichiro Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai Hodogaya-ku Kanagawa Yokohama240-8501 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Institute for Multidisciplinary Sciences Yokohama National University 79-5 Tokiwadai Hodogaya-ku Kanagawa Yokohama240-8501 Japan Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai980-8577 Japan Rice Advanced Materials Institute Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University 6100 Main Street HoustonTX77005 United States

The interaction of an ensemble of two-level atoms and a quantized electromagnetic field, described by the Dicke Hamiltonian, is an extensively studied problem in quantum optics. However, experimental efforts to explore similar physics in condensed matter typically employ bosonic matter modes (e.g., phonons, magnons, and plasmons) that are describable as simple harmonic oscillators, i.e., an infinite ladder of equally spaced energy levels. Here, we examine ultrastrong coupling between a coherent light mode and an ensemble of paramagnetic spins, a finite-multilevel system, in Gd3Ga5O12. The electron paramagnetic resonance of Gd3+ ions is tuned by a magnetic field into resonance with a Fabry–Pérot cavity mode, resulting in the formation of spin–photon hybrid states, or Zeeman polaritons. We observe that the light–matter coupling strength, measured through the vacuum Rabi splitting, decreases with increasing temperature, which can be explained by the temperature-dependent population difference between the lower and higher-energy states, a trait of a finite-level system. This finding demonstrates that a spin–boson system is more compatible with the Dicke model and has advantages over boson–boson systems for pursuing experimental realizations of phenomena predicted for ultrastrongly coupled light–matter hybrids. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phonons

Observation of the Magnonic Dicke Superradiant Phase Transition

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Kim, Dasom Dasgupta, Sohail Ma, Xiaoxuan Park, Joong-Mok Wei, Hao-Tian Luo, Liang Doumani, Jacques Li, Xinwei Yang, Wanting Cheng, Di Kim, Richard H.J. Everitt, Henry O. Kimura, Shojiro Nojiri, Hiroyuki Wang, Jigang Cao, Shixun Bamba, Motoaki Hazzard, Kaden R.A. Kono, Junichiro Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Ames National Laboratory AmesIA50011 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics International Center of Quantum and Molecular Structures Materials Genome Institute Shanghai University Shanghai200444 China Department of Physics National University of Singapore 117551 Singapore Department of Physics and Astronomy Iowa State University AmesIA50011 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States DEVCOM Army Research Laboratory-South HoustonTX77005 United States Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai980-8577 Japan Department of Physics Yokohama National University Yokohama240-8501 Japan Department of Physics and Astronomy University of California DavisCA95616 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Two-level atoms coupled with single-mode cavity photons are predicted to exhibit a quantum phase transition when the coupling strength exceeds a critical value, entering a phase in which atomic polarization and photonic field are finite even at zero temperature and without external driving. However, this phenomenon, the superradiant phase transition (SRPT), is forbidden by a no-go theorem due to the existence of the diamagnetic term in the Hamiltonian. Here, we present spectroscopic evidence for a magnonic SRPT in ErFeO3, where the role of the photonic mode (two-level atoms) in the photonic SRPT is played by an Fe3+ magnon mode (Er3+ spins). The absence of the diamagnetic term in the Fe3+–Er3+ exchange coupling ensures that the no-go theorem does not apply. Terahertz and gigahertz magnetospectroscopy experiments revealed the signatures of the SRPT – a kink and a softening, respectively, of two spin–magnon hybridized modes at the critical point. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Phase transitions

Advances in aircraft carrier life cycle cost analysis for acquisition and ownership decision-making

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 2000年第3期112卷 97-110页

作者： Chewning, IM Moretto, SJ Irvin M. Chewning:is currently the Director of the Aircraft Carrier Cost Estimating and Industrial Analysis Group of the Naval Sea Systems Command. Over the past four years Mr. Chewning has guided the cost analysis effort for the new CVNX class aircraft carrier through a three-part analysis of alternatives and is currently steering it towards Milestone I in June of 2000. In 1999 the CVNX cost analysis team was presented the NAVSEA Association of Scientists and Engineers “outstanding team achievement” award for its work on the CVNX analysis of alternatives. Mr. Chewning's professional career includes over 16 years as an employee of Newport News Shipbuilding as a Pipe Fitter Piping Systems Designer Piping Systems Engineer and Cost Engineer. He has worked at the Naval Sea Systems Command since 1980 as a Senior Cost Analyst Branch Head and Deputy Division Director of the Cost Estimating and Analysis Division. He has preformed cost analysis work for virtually all USN combatant programs including submarines cruisers destroyers frigates and aircraft carriers. He also performed the cost analysis work for the OSD evaluation of the Israeli Naval Modernization Program in the 1980's. Mr. Chewning is also Chairman of the NATO Specialist Team on Ship Costing a subgroup of the NATO Naval Group Six on Ship Design. Under his leadership two Allied Naval Engineering Publications have been completed in the 1990's: ANEP-41 on Ship Costing and ANEP-49 on Ways to Reduce Costs of Ships. In 1999 the NATO Specialist Team on Ship Costing completed a paper titled “Manpower Reduction and the Use of Commercial Standards and Practices to Reduce Costs of Ships.” The result of this work will be incorporated in a future revision of the aforementioned ANEFs. Mr. Chewning is a graduate of North Carolina State University with a Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering. Mr. Chewning has also completed courses at the University of Virginia and Christopher Newport University Mr. Chewning is a graduate of the Program Management College

The U.S. Navy recently conducted an analysis of alternatives (AOA) to set the stage for determining the characteristics and acquisition strategy for its next generation aircraft carrier. The platform design selected is expected to be in service throughout the 21st century. The parameters under consideration for change in the new carrier design lie in the areas of propulsion and electric power generation, aviation, survivability, service life, and total ownership cost (TOC) reduction. The issue of affordability is paramount This paper focuses on the need for the program management office and its supporting cost analysis staff to understand the life cycle cost (LCC) of the existing and proposed future aircraft carriers and to then translate these LCC's into meaningful information for cost-conscious decision making. The challenge is to relate the LCC in terms the key decision-makers and the engineering team can use to satisfy their respective roles. Thus, it is necessary to translate the results of the given ship design alternative LCC's into the paradigms of the respective stakeholders: Fleet User (operators of aircraft carriers) Ship Designers (translators of the fleet operator requirements) program Sponsors (providers of the funding resources) program Management Office, Ship builder and Supporting Industry (executors of the acquisition and construction of the ship) Navy and OSD decision-makers (overseers of program execution) The paper describes the aircraft carrier LCC breakdown structure that has resulted, in part, from a recent navy/shipbuilder integrated product team effort to capture total ownership costs. The structure has been used in the AOA as a tool to identify cost drivers and to add the time element to the cast equation in order to perform return on investment and program affordability analysis. The expanded ship work breakdown structure (ESWBS) has emerged as the central backbone of the cost work breakdown for AOA work. The ESWBS structure is a natural

关键词： Aircraft carriers

Terahertz chiral photonic-crystal cavities with broken time-reversal symmetry

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Sanders, Stephen Baydin, Andrey Song, Zhigang Welakuh, Davis M. Alabastri, Alessandro Rokaj, Vasil Dag, Ceren B. Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard University CambridgeMA02139 United States Max Planck Institute for The Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 149 Hamburg22761 Germany ITAMP Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Harvard University CambridgeMA02138 United States Department of Physics Villanova University VillanovaPA19085 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Strong coupling between matter and vacuum electromagnetic fields in a cavity can induce novel quantum phases in thermal equilibrium via symmetry breaking. Particularly, coupling with circularly polarized fields can break time-reversal symmetry, leading to topological modifications in the band structure. Therefore, chiral optical cavities that host chiral vacuum fields are being sought, especially in the terahertz (THz) frequency range, where various large-oscillator-strength resonances exist. Here, we present a novel approach to achieving THz chiral photonic-crystal cavities (PCCs) with high-quality factors (>400) using a magnetoplasma in a lightly doped semiconductor. Numerical simulations of an optimized structure based on InSb in a small perpendicular magnetic field (∼0.2 T) show chiral cavity resonances with near-perfect ellipticity at the surfaces of the central dielectric layer, where one can place atomically thin materials like monolayer graphene. We theoretically estimate an energy gap on the order of 1 meV in graphene when coupled to our proposed chiral cavity, which is potentially measurable in experiments. These THz chiral PCCs offer a promising platform for exploring new phases in cavity-dressed condensed matter with broken time-reversal symmetry. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Crystal symmetry

Spectral evidence for unidirectional charge density wave in detwinned BaNi2As2

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Physical Review B 2023年第8期108卷 L081104-L081104页

作者： Yucheng Guo Mason Klemm Ji Seop Oh Yaofeng Xie Bing-Hua Lei Luca Moreschini Cheng Chen Ziqin Yue Sergey Gorovikov Tor Pedersen Matteo Michiardi Sergey Zhdanovich Andrea Damascelli Jonathan Denlinger Makoto Hashimoto Donghui Lu Chris Jozwiak Aaron Bostwick Eli Rotenberg Sung-Kwan Mo Rob G. Moore Junichiro Kono Robert J. Birgeneau David J. Singh Pengcheng Dai Ming Yi Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics University of California Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley California 94720 USA Department of Physics University of Oxford Oxford OX1 3PU United Kingdom Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Canadian Light Source Inc. 44 Innovation Boulevard Saskatoon SK S7N 2V3 Canada Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z1 Canada Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia V6T 1Z4 Canada Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids Nöthnitzer Straße 40 01187 Dresden Germany Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo Park California 94025 USA Materials Science and Technology Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Chemistry University of Missouri Columbia Missouri 65211 USA

In the iron-based superconductors, unconventional superconductivity emerges in proximity to intertwined electronic orders consisting of an electronic nematic order and a spin density wave (SDW). Recently, BaNi2As2, like its well-known iron-based analog BaFe2As2, has been discovered to host a symmetry-breaking structural transition but coupled to a unidirectional charge density wave (CDW) instead of SDW, providing a novel platform to study intertwined orders. Here, through a systematic angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy study combined with a detwinning B1g uniaxial strain, we identify distinct spectral evidence of band evolution due to the structural transition as well as CDW-induced band folding. In contrast to the nematicity and spin density wave in BaFe2As2, the structural and CDW order parameters in BaNi2As2 are observed to be strongly coupled and do not separate in the presence of uniaxial strain. Furthermore, no nematic band splitting is resolved above the structural transition. Our measurements point to a likely lattice origin of the CDW order in BaNi2As2.

关键词： Charge density waves Nematic phase transition Iron-based superconductors Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy

Shot noise in a strange metal

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Chen, Liyang Lowder, Dale T. Bakali, Emine Andrews, Aaron Maxwell Schrenk, Werner Waas, Monika Svagera, Robert Eguchi, Gaku Prochaska, Lukas Wang, Yiming Setty, Chandan Sur, Shouvik Si, Qimiao Paschen, Silke Natelson, Douglas Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States Institute of Solid State Physics TU Wien Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10 Vienna1040 Austria Institute of Solid State Electronics TU Wien Gußhausstraße 25-25a Gebäude CH Vienna1040 Austria Center for Micro and Nanostructures TU Wien Gußhausstraße 25-25a Gebäude CH Vienna1040 Austria Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States

Strange-metal behavior has been observed in materials ranging from high-temperature superconductors to heavy fermion metals. In conventional metals, current is carried by quasiparticles;although it has been suggested that quasiparticles are absent in strange metals, direct experimental evidence is lacking. We measured shot noise to probe the granularity of the current-carrying excitations in nanowires of the heavy fermion strange metal YbRh2Si2. When compared with conventional metals, shot noise in these nanowires is strongly suppressed. This suppression cannot be attributed to either electron-phonon or electron-electron interactions in a Fermi liquid, which suggests that the current is not carried by well-defined quasiparticles in the strange-metal regime that we probed. Our work sets the stage for similar studies of other strange metals. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanowires

Cover Feature: Clarification on the Gassing Behavior of Carbon-Coated Li4Ti5O12at Elevated Temperature: Importance of Coating Coverage (Batteries & Supercaps 6/2022)

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Batteries & Supercaps 2022年第6期5卷

作者： Kaviarasan Govindarajan Dr. Ralph Nicolai Nasara Prof. Shih-kang Lin Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto 615-8510 Japan Hierarchical Green-Energy Materials (Hi-GEM) Research Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan Program on Smart and Sustainable Manufacturing Academy of Innovative Semiconductor and Sustainable Manufacturing National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan Core Facility Center National Cheng Kung University Tainan 70101 Taiwan

Cover Feature: Synthesis and Photophysical Properties of Hexabenzocoronene-Tetrabenzoporphyrin Architectures (Eur. J. Org. Chem. 40/2020)

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European Journal of Organic Chemistry 2020年第40期2020卷

作者： Michael Ruppel Lampros-Pascal Gazetas Dr. Dominik Lungerich Dr. Norbert Jux Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10 91058 Erlangen Germany Institute for Basic Science (IBS) 50 Yonsei-ro Seodaemun-gu Center for Nanomedicine 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea Graduate Program of Nano Biomedical Engineering (NanoBME) Advanced Science Institute Yonsei University 03722 Seoul Republic of Korea

Generation of terahertz transients from Co2Fe0.4Mn0.6Si-Heusler-alloy/normal-metal nanobilayers excited by femtosecond optical pulses

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Physical Review Research 2021年第4期3卷 043025-043025页

作者： Sarah Heidtfeld Roman Adam Takahide Kubota Koki Takanashi Derang Cao Carolin Schmitz-Antoniak Daniel E. Bürgler Fangzhou Wang Christian Greb Genyu Chen Ivan Komissarov Hilde Hardtdegen Martin Mikulics Roman Sobolewski Shigemasa Suga Claus M. Schneider Research Centre Jülich Peter Grünberg Institute 52425 Jülich Germany Faculty of Physics University of Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics (Core Research Cluster) Tohoku University Sendai 980-8577 Japan College of Physics National Demonstration Center for Experimental Applied Physics Education Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China Materials Science Graduate Program University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester Rochester New York 14623 USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA Belarusian State University of Informatics and Radioelectronics Minsk 220013 Belarus Research Centre Jülich Ernst Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons 52425 Jülich Germany Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Rochester Rochester New York 14627 USA The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research Osaka University Ibaraki Osaka 567-0047 Japan Department of Physics University of California Davis Davis California 95616 USA

We generated pulses of electromagnetic radiation in the terahertz (THz) frequency range by optical excitation of Co2Fe0.4Mn0.6Si (CFMS)/normal-metal (NM) bilayer structures. The CFMS is a Heusler alloy showing a band gap in one spin channel and is therefore a half metal. We compared the THz emission efficiency in a systematic manner for four different CFMS/NM bilayers, where NM was either Pt, Ta, Cr, or Al. Our measurements show that the THz intensity is highest for a Pt capping. We also demonstrate the tunability of the THz amplitude by varying the magnetic field for all four bilayers. We attribute the THz generation to the inverse spin Hall effect. In order to investigate the role of the interface in THz generation, we measured the spin mixing conductance for each CFMS/NM bilayer using a ferromagnetic resonance method. We found that the spin-orbit coupling cannot completely describe the THz generation in the bilayers and that the spin transmission efficiency of the CFMS/NM interface and the spin diffusion length, as well as the oxidation of the NM layer, play crucial roles in the THz emission process.

关键词： Inverse spin Hall effect Magnetism Spin injection Spin pumping Spintronics Ferromagnetic resonance Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy