The energetic driving force for electron transfer must be minimized to realize efficient optoelectronic devices including organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Exploring the dynamics ...
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The energetic driving force for electron transfer must be minimized to realize efficient optoelectronic devices including organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic photovoltaics (OPVs). Exploring the dynamics of a charge-transfer (CT) state at an interface leads to a comprehension of the relationship between energetics, electron-transfer efficiency, and device performance. Here, we investigate the electron transfer from the CT state to the triplet excited state (T 1 ) in upconversion OLEDs with 45 material combinations. By analyzing the CT emission and the singlet excited-state emission from triplet–triplet annihilation via the dark T 1 , their energetics and electron-transfer efficiencies are extracted. We demonstrate that the CT→T 1 electron transfer is enhanced by the stronger CT interaction and a minimal energetic driving force (<0.1 eV), which is explained using the Marcus theory with a small reorganization energy of <0.1 eV. Through our analysis, a novel donor–acceptor combination for the OLED is developed and shows an efficient blue emission with an extremely low turn-on voltage of 1.57 V. This work provides a solution to control interfacial CT states for efficient optoelectronic devices without energy loss.
The incorporation of different levels of UOW into Portland clinker raw meals and its effects on the clinker and cement properties were evaluated. Clinkers were produced and characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) ...
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The incorporation of different levels of UOW into Portland clinker raw meals and its effects on the clinker and cement properties were evaluated. Clinkers were produced and characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and optical microscopy; the cements were produced and physically characterized. Finally, pastes were produced and analyzed using isothermal calorimetry, thermogravimetry, XRD, and compressive strength tests. UOW, when added up to 1.29% in Portland clinker raw meal, acts as a mineralizer, increasing the content of alite by 6.44%. The incorporation of UOW reduces the hydration rate in the first days owing to the increase in the size of the alite crystals and delays the point of sulfate depletion due to the increase in the SO 3 content of the clinkers. Owing to the higher content of alite formed, the cement produced from the raw meal with 1.29% of UOW presents the highest early mechanical strength (up to 7 days).
Research into mechanically interlocked luminescent molecules (MILMs), which is the overlapping of mechanically interlocked molecules and luminescent molecules, has intensified over the past few decades. These studies ...
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Research into mechanically interlocked luminescent molecules (MILMs), which is the overlapping of mechanically interlocked molecules and luminescent molecules, has intensified over the past few decades. These studies have tapped into and exploited the benefits of mechanically interlocked structures to achieve outstanding and stimulus-responsive optical characteristics, resulting in the synthesis of new types of luminescent systems and exploring their potential uses in different applications. This review describes the salient attributes of MILMs and showcases some of the latest advancements in this field of research.
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