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An appropriate combination of a thinning schedule and subsidies to realize sustainable Makino bamboo forest management

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Journal of Forest Research 2025年第1期30卷 22-34页

作者： Chen, Ying-Ta Wang, Pei-Jung Cheng, Chen-Kuang Chang, Ching-Ter Department of Forestry and Natural Resources National Ilan University Yilan Taiwan Forest Management Division Taiwan Forestry Research Institute Taipei Taiwan Vice GM Binary Tree Co North Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Information Management Chang Gung University Shan Taiwan Clinical Trial Center Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Ming Chi University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

This study addresses the relationship between subsidies and thinning operations in Makino bamboo forests, with implications for sustainable timber production management. Focusing on indigenous lands in Taoyuan, North Taiwan, where 85% of bamboo is cultivated, with a 70% coverage constraint, and the government provides an annual subsidy of NT$30,000 per hectare. Three scenarios, minimizing subsidies, thinning rates, and maximizing profits, are analyzed using linear and multi-choice goal program techniques. Results indicate that a company with 5 laborers can clear-cut 15,000 culms/ha in 22 days, yielding a profit of NT$101,150. Without subsidies, a minimum 34% thinning rate ensures financial viability. Sensitivity analysis reveals that NT$29,345 in subsidies with a 70% thinning rate matches clear-cutting profits, validating the effectiveness of the existing NT$30,000 compensation policy. Recommendations propose a two-phase thinning program for sustainable Makino bamboo forest management. The first phase involves a 70–75% thinning rate in the first year, leaving one-year-old bamboo. The second phase, starting from the fourth year, harvests 3 and 4-year-old bamboo every two years, covering 50% of the bamboo forest. This phased approach, covering 24 hectares, establishes a win-win situation for the Forest Bureau and bamboo forest managers. © 2024 The Japanese Forest Society.

关键词： Forestry

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Surface water availability in ungauged catchments of Sub-Saharan Africa: A case study from Luwombwa sub-catchment, Zambia

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Water Science 2025年第1期39卷 42-57页

作者： Mwelwa, Dickson Tena, Tewodros M. Nguvulu, Alick Mwaanga, Phenny Taye, Gebeyehu School of Graduate Studies Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Lusaka Zambia Department of Geomatics Engineering School of Mines and Mineral Sciences Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia Department of Environmental Engineering School of Mines and Mineral Sciences Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia

Improving streamflow prediction reliability under limited hydrological observations is important for achieving sustainable water resources management of a river catchment. Inadequate baseline information about a catchment hydrological characteristic has hindered efficient water availability analysis and planning for water use, demand, and allocation among competing water users. The United Nations is globally implementing Sustainable Development Goals such as No. 6 (SDG-6) with emphasis on the need of having access to clean water and sanitation for all by 2030 which highly depend on water resources availability. The purpose of this study was to analyse and predict water availability in the Luwombwa sub-catchment through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) based on its capability to simulate a wide range of hydrological processes of the sub-catchment of 7,363 km² considering past, present, and future climate scenarios. The results of the model performance achieved Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.74, a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.77 and a Percent Bias (PBIAS) of 3.84 during the model calibration period (2017–2022). During model validation period (2009–2015), performance evaluations achieved were NSE of 0.66, R² of 0.67 and PBIAS of 5.67 at the catchment outlet. The model’s estimated water balance components were precipitation of 1107.7 mm comparable to the observed 1100.6 mm long-term average annual precipitation within the region, 63% evapotranspiration and 18% runoff while the combined percolation and deep recharge accounted for 19% of the annual precipitation. The results indicated the reliability of the model to predict catchment surface water availability, which provides baseline information for sustainable water resources management such as development of catchment management plans, water budget, and allocation. Therefore, the scientific insights from this study are capable of informing and

关键词： hydrological modelling Ungauged catchment water availability, evaporation, surface runoff

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Optimizing waste pre-collection model in Indonesian communities: comparing drop-off and door-to-door models through social cost–benefit analysis

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Journal of Material Cycles and Waste management 2025年 1-17页

作者： Miftahadi, Machmuddin Fitra Hibino, Kohei Rachman, Indriyani Matsumoto, Toru Graduate Program in Environmental System Graduate School of Environmental Engineering The University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu808-0135 Japan Kitakyushu Urban Centre Institute for Global Environmental Strategies Kitakyushu805-0062 Japan Department of Natural Science Education School of Postgraduate Studies Universitas Pakuan Kota Bogor16143 Indonesia Research Center for Urban Energy Management Institute of Environmental Science and Technology The University of Kitakyushu Kitakyushu808-0135 Japan

Indonesia lacks an established waste pre-collection system resulting 90% waste ending up in open-dumping site. This study identifies a 35-m radius per drop-off points as the most optimal model. The City of South Tangerang, on 21 residential areas with a population of 63,157, being examine. Utilizing ArcGIS Pro and Python scripting, 12 scenarios were developed, model drop-off radii of 15–45 m and household limits of 4–32 per drop-off point, including combined models. Spatial clustering KD-Tree algorithm and Proximity-based Routing were employed to determine collection placements and walking distances. Heatmap and ANOVA tests evaluated conformity with residential characteristics. Model then organized into eight frequency schemes, utilizing motorcart and handcart systems with 4-day and 2-day pickup schedules for waste bank and in-house compost programs. This optimized model reduces collection time by up to 81% and costs by 50% compared to traditional door-to-door systems, achieving cost reductions of $30–$38 USD per ton and lowering CO₂ emissions. The discussion covers opportunity costs and occupational risk. This approach supports Indonesia’s waste reduction targets and offers policy alignment for urban waste management. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Japan KK, part of Springer Nature 2025.

关键词： Python

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Drought propagation in an Andean basin in South America: a spatio-temporal analysis approach with monitoring indices

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Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2025年第3期18卷 1-21页

作者： Ocampo-Marulanda, Camilo Mera-Franco, Julián David Lizcano, Víctor Augusto Carvajal-Escobar, Yesid Canchala, Teresita Zorrilla-Millan, Daniel Felipe Caicedo-Bravo, Eduardo Water Resources Engineering and Soil Research Group (IREHISA) School of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering Universidad del Valle Cali Colombia Graduate Program in Biometrics and Applied Statistics Department of Statistics and Informatics Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil School of Exact Sciences and Engineering Universidad Sergio Arboleda Bogotá Colombia Programa de Ingeniería Ambiental Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Mariana Pasto Colombia School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universidad del Valle Cali Colombia

Drought is a climatic phenomenon that has increased in severity over time. This study analyzed drought spread in the Alto Patía basin (13,047 km2) in South America, applying the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Vegetation Health Index (VHI), and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) to assess meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought, respectively. Synchronous and asynchronous correlations were estimated, and Wavelet analysis was conducted to verify relationships among drought types. Results show that the lag between drought types varies based on the intensity, temporal continuity, and spatial extent of meteorological drought. A lag of zero months (1–2 months) was observed between meteorological and hydrological drought when moderate (severe) meteorological drought partially (fully) covers the basin. Agricultural drought, however, does not always correspond to meteorological drought during isolated rainfall events. As the first study in Colombia to systematically connect these drought types, this research addresses a gap in understanding how drought impacts progress across systems in regions with complex rainfall patterns. These findings offer critical insights into the interdependencies among drought types, supporting enhanced drought monitoring and early warning systems in similar climatic regions. By identifying specific lags between meteorological and hydrological droughts, this study provides practical guidance for land management, water conservation, and crop planning, offering a foundation for future research on drought resilience strategies.

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The enhanced integration of proven techniques to quantify the uncertainty of forecasting extreme flood events based on numerical weather prediction models

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Weather and Climate Extremes 2025年 48卷

作者： Tanhapour, Mitra Soltani, Jaber Shakibian, Hadi Malekmohammadi, Bahram Hlavcova, Kamila Kohnova, Silvia Valent, Peter Department of Water Engineering Faculty of Agricultural Technology University College of Agriculture & Natural Resources University of Tehran Tehran *** Iran Department of Land and Water Resources Management Faculty of Civil Engineering Slovak University of Technology Bratislava 81005 Slovakia Department of Computer Engineering Faculty of Engineering Alzahra University Tehran *** Iran Department of Environmental Planning and Management Graduate Faculty of Environment University of Tehran Tehran *** Iran Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Water Resources Management TU Wien Vienna 1040 Austria

Skillful forecasting of reservoir inflow is one of the main prerequisites for determining reservoir operation and management policies. This research incorporates proven techniques in a novel way to develop a comprehensive framework for forecasting event-based inflow floods with sub-daily time steps (6-h intervals), considering the uncertainty of Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models. Accordingly, raw precipitation forecasts were extracted for six extreme flood events in the Dez River basin, Iran. A Multi-Model Ensemble (MME) system was developed using the Group Method of Data Handling (GMDH) and Weighted Average-Weighted Least Square Regression (WA-WLSR) models to post-process raw precipitation forecasts. We thereupon proposed an approach that combined the Hydrologiska Byråns Vattenbalansavdelning (HBV) hydrological model with the Long-Short Term Memory (LSTM) network (HBV-LSTM model) to enhance flood forecasting. Moreover, a comparative analysis was performed between the modeling approaches, i.e., probabilistic inflow forecasting and deterministic inflow forecasting. The results revealed that the forecasting skill of the MME model built using the WA-WLSR model was higher than that of the GMDH model. Accordingly, the highest Continuous Ranked Probability Skill Scores (CRPSS) of 0.61 and 0.67 were achieved by the GMDH and WA-WLSR models, respectively, based on a precipitation threshold of 10 mm. Additionally, both the HBV-LSTM model and the LSTM network outperformed the individual HBV model in producing inflow flood hydrographs. Based on the best flood forecasting approach, i.e., the HBV-LSTM model, the NSE exceeded 0.95, and the NRMSE remained below 0.09 for various flood events. The outcomes indicated a variability of 2–10 % in the relative peak error using the HBV-LSTM approach for different flood events. Our findings provide valuable insights for determining the key elements of reservoir operations and enhancing management strategies under flood conditions. ©

关键词： Bias-correction deep learning Extreme flood events Multi-model ensemble system Numerical weather prediction models

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Parameterized models for estimating atmospheric longwave radiation and surface net radiation in the Brazilian semi-arid region

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2025年 160卷

作者： Silva, Delson J.F. Silva, Tarciana R.B.F. de Oliveira, Michele L. de Oliveira, Gabriel Mishra, Manoranjan Guimarães Santos, Celso Augusto Marques da Silva, Richarde dos Santos, Carlos A.C. Graduate Program in Meteorology Academic Unity of Atmospheric Sciences Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Campina Grande 58109-970 Brazil Graduate Program in Engineering and Natural Resources Management Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Campina Grande 58109-970 Brazil Department of Earth Sciences University of South Alabama Mobile 36688 AL United States Department of Natural Resource Management & Geoinformatics Berhampur University Berhampur Odisha Ganjam India Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Federal University of Paraíba Paraíba João Pessoa 58051-900 Brazil Department of Geosciences Federal University of Paraíba Paraíba João Pessoa 58051-900 Brazil

This study seeks to understand and estimate atmospheric longwave irradiance (Rld) and surface net radiation (Rn) using parameterized models applied to semi-arid regions of northeastern Brazil. Studies on surface energ... 详细信息

This study seeks to understand and estimate atmospheric longwave irradiance (R_ld) and surface net radiation (R_n) using parameterized models applied to semi-arid regions of northeastern Brazil. Studies on surface energy flows are of interest to areas such as environmental and agricultural sciences, and are of great importance in analyzing and managing water resources. Thus, this research could benefit the study region, which constantly experiences periods of water scarcity that affect agricultural activities and the lives of communities. An exploration of data gathered from micrometeorological stations spanning the period from 2014 to 2016 within various caatinga vegetation areas exhibiting distinct levels of preservation. This exploration involved comparative analyses between methods available in existing literature and those proposed by the authors. The biome under study is unique to Brazil and remains relatively underexplored in terms of comprehensive research and studies. In the R_ld analysis, parameterizations for days with clear and cloudy skies were considered, and the proposed models presented results that surpassed the results of most of the tested models in the literature. Among the models examined, the Crawford and Duchon (1999) model displayed remarkable efficiency in estimating R_ld within the study area. Furthermore, the models were fine-tuned to estimate the surface R_n for the respective areas of each micrometeorological station. These calibrations factored in both dry and rainy seasons for the R_n analyses. The calibration results were satisfactory, with r² values for the proposed models greater than 0.90 for R_ld for clear sky conditions and 0.94 for all conditions, and a high agreement was shown with values greater than 0.96 according to the criteria of Willmott et al. (2012). The results for R_n show the potential of the models to contribute, for example,

关键词： Atmospheric longwave radiation Net radiation Parametrizations Semi-arid

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Riparian Areas and Fine-Scale Forest Cover and Structure Drive Occupancy Patterns of Sympatric Mustelids

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Ecology and Evolution 2025年第5期15卷 e71370页

作者： Wheelhouse, Lauren Bryan, Heather Crowley, Shannon Johnson, Chris Hodder, Dexter John Prince Research Forest University of Northern British Columbia Prince George BC Canada Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Graduate Program University of Northern British Columbia Prince George BC Canada Department of Ecosystem Science and Management University of Northern British Columbia Prince George BC Canada

Boreal and subboreal forests of western North America support diverse mesocarnivore populations with overlapping spatial, temporal, and dietary niches. However, interactions among these species and the factors influencing their co-occurrence—such as population cycles, landscape changes, harvest mortality, and resource availability—are not well documented. We used 5 years (2015, 2016, 2020, 2021, and 2022) of data from remote cameras and fine-scale habitat data from Light Detection and Ranging to assess patterns in the spatial co-occurrence of short-tailed weasel (Mustela erminea), American mink (Neogale vison), American marten (Martes americana), and fisher (Pekannia pennanti) in central British Columbia, Canada. We used multispecies occupancy models to test hypotheses about the relationships between mesocarnivore co-occurrence and habitat. Mesocarnivores were more likely to co-occur at sites closer to riparian zones and at sites with greater complexity of vertical forest structure. Short-tailed weasel, however, did not co-occur with other mustelids in riparian zones. Importantly, we found that habitat covariates associated with co-occurrence were relatively similar over time despite changes in the abundance of predators and prey. Our findings highlight the importance of retaining riparian habitats and forest complexity as part of forest harvesting practices to promote species co-occurrence. © 2025 The Author(s). Ecology and Evolution published by British Ecological Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： ecology habitat mesocarnivores occupancy riparian

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Assessment of ecological risks and spatiotemporal monitoring of heavy metal contamination in cultivated soils of the Liaohe River Basin, Jilin Province, China

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 968卷 178870页

作者： Chen, Yanan Wang, Jie Pan, Dianqi Zhang, Yichen Zhang, Jiquan Zhang, Feng Lu, Zengkang College of Jilin Emergency Management Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun130012 China College of Surveying and Mapping Engineering Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun130021 China College of Graduate Studies Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun130012 China Institute of Natural Disaster Research School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun130024 China College of Resources and Environment Jilin Agricultural University Changchun130118 China

Ensuring the quality and safety of soil is crucial for achieving ecological sustainability. This study systematically analyzed and evaluated the ecological risks, early warning mechanisms, and mitigation strategies for heavy metals in the Liaohe River Basin of Jilin Province, employing methods such as multiple index models, environmental capacity prediction models, and spatiotemporal cube models. The results indicate that local soil heavy metals range from non-polluted to moderately polluted (0.5–1), with Cr, Cd, and Ni exhibiting relatively high risks. Early warning results reveal that Cr is in a state of low capacity (capacity index = 0.67), and the environmental capacity of soil heavy metals is projected to decline over the next 15 years. Notably, after 15 years, the environmental capacities of As and Cd are expected to decrease to 4.579 kg/hm2 and 0.198 kg/hm2, respectively. Based on the findings, systematic mitigation recommendations, including graded management and land-use optimization, were proposed. This not only provides insights into heavy metal research but also establishes a theoretical foundation for soil pollution management. © 2025

关键词： Abiotic

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3D modeling and fluid flow simulations along fault zone affected by silicification in Rio do Peixe Basin, Brazil

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2025年 161卷

作者： Rocha, Renan Nicolau Ribeiro da Nogueira, Francisco Cézar Costa Pontes, Cayo Cesar Cortez Gomes, Thiago Pedro de Lira Vasconcelos, David Lino Palhano, Leonardo Carvalho Souza, Jorge Andre Braz de Perez, Yoe Alain Reyes Nicchio, Matheus Amador Postgraduate Program in Natural Resources Engineering and Management Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Bahia Jacobina Brazil Department of Petroleum Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil Postgraduate Program in Geophysics and Geodynamics Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Postgraduate Program in Petroleum Science and Engineering State University of Campinas São Paulo Brazil Petrobras Research Center Rio de Janeiro Brazil Sedimentary Geology Laboratory Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Fault zones are known to influence the petrophysical properties of the rocks that accommodate deformation. However, the effect of a fault zone containing deformation bands and hydrothermal silicification on fluid flow remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of the coexistence of deformation bands and hydrothermal silicification on the fluid flow based on a outcrop composed of conglomeratic sandstone within the damage zone of the Portalegre Fault in the Rio do Peixe Basin, an analog of siliciclastic reservoir in the northeastern of Brazil. Previous studies divided this outcrop into three zones according to the presence and degree of silicification: Zone I (non-silicified), Zone II (moderately silicified), and Zone III (intensively silicified). Porosity and permeability models were constructed for each zone, and numerical fluid flow simulations were conducted. Our results showed significant alteration of the permoporous properties, leading to significant fluid flow anisotropy. Zone I exhibited the highest oil recovery, with an average recovery factor of 34 %. Flow analysis revealed that silicification controlled the flow direction, and deformation bands were overridden by silicification. The silicification process led to a significant increase in anisotropy, which was crucial for enhancing sweep efficiency. This alteration elevated the tortuosity of fluid flow, thereby improving the lateral sweep efficiency within the study area. This process reduced hydrodynamic properties, causing strong permeability anisotropy, primarily attributed to mineral dissolution and the formation of preferential flow paths. The results from this research offer new insights into fluid flow prediction and production optimization for reservoirs with similar fault-related siliciclastic characteristics. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Deformation bands Fault zones Geological modeling Numerical simulation Rio do Peixe Basin Siliciclastic reservoirs Silicification

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How different spatial resolutions of digital models affects the geospatial distribution evaluation of the Index of Connectivity

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2025年 163卷

作者： Eberval Marchioro Geraldo André Rosseto Barreto Ialy Gomes Ferreira Adelsom Soares Filho Diogo Costa Buarque Department of Geography (DGEO) Graduate Program in Geography (PPGG) Federal University of Espírito Santo/Brazil (UFES) Coordinator of the Laboratory for Monitoring and Modeling Environmental Systems (Lamosa) Brazil Graduate Program in Management and Regulation of Water Resources (ProfÁgua/UFES) Brazil Graduate Program in Geography at UFES Brazil Graduate Program in Civil Engineering at UFV Brazil Department of Geography Graduate Program in Geography Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA) Professional Master's in Water Resources Management and Regulation (ProfÁgua/UFES) Federal University of Espírito Santo/Brazil (UFES) Brazil

Digital Terrain Models (DTM) and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are important for obtaining the Index of Connectivity, as they provide valuable information to assess the possibility of sediments reaching the riverbed in watershed basins. This is crucial for proactive management, as it allows the adoption of preventive and mitigating measures. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of the spatial resolution of DEMs with resolutions of 5 m and 2 m, and between the DTM and DEM at 2 m, in determining the Index of Connectivity (IC). Additionally, it was investigated whether it is possible to use only one spatial resolution of digital models to assess the geospatial distribution of IC for all hydrogeomorphological landscapes of the Duas Bocas River watershed, located in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória, in the state of Espírito Santo, Southeast Brazil. For this study, the Borselli Index of Connectivity model (et al., 2008) was used, originally developed for rural areas of Italy and widely applied in different regions worldwide. The data used, including Digital Elevation and Terrain Models and land use and cover information, were obtained from the Integrated Geospatial Base System of the State of Espírito Santo (Brazil), which is publicly *** results indicate that a better geospatial representation of IC occurs when changing the spatial resolution of DEMs from a 5 m pixel to a 2 m pixel and when using the 2 m DTM instead of the 2 m DEM. When analyzing the relationship between IC and the hydrogeomorphological landscapes in the basin, it was observed that, in the absence of models with an even finer pixel resolution, the 2 m DTM is the most suitable option, as it presented IC values consistent within and between landscapes in the Escalated Terraces of Southern Espírito Santo, Coastal Hills and Massifs, and Coastal Plateaus sectors. The exception was the fluvio-lagoon plain, which requires an even finer pixel resolution, necessitating further st

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