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An appropriate combination of a thinning schedule and subsidies to realize sustainable Makino bamboo forest management

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Journal of Forest Research 2025年第1期30卷 22-34页

作者： Chen, Ying-Ta Wang, Pei-Jung Cheng, Chen-Kuang Chang, Ching-Ter Department of Forestry and Natural Resources National Ilan University Yilan Taiwan Forest Management Division Taiwan Forestry Research Institute Taipei Taiwan Vice GM Binary Tree Co North Taiwan Department and Graduate Institute of Information Management Chang Gung University Shan Taiwan Clinical Trial Center Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan Taiwan Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Ming Chi University of Technology Taipei Taiwan

This study addresses the relationship between subsidies and thinning operations in Makino bamboo forests, with implications for sustainable timber production management. Focusing on indigenous lands in Taoyuan, North Taiwan, where 85% of bamboo is cultivated, with a 70% coverage constraint, and the government provides an annual subsidy of NT$30,000 per hectare. Three scenarios, minimizing subsidies, thinning rates, and maximizing profits, are analyzed using linear and multi-choice goal program techniques. Results indicate that a company with 5 laborers can clear-cut 15,000 culms/ha in 22 days, yielding a profit of NT$101,150. Without subsidies, a minimum 34% thinning rate ensures financial viability. Sensitivity analysis reveals that NT$29,345 in subsidies with a 70% thinning rate matches clear-cutting profits, validating the effectiveness of the existing NT$30,000 compensation policy. Recommendations propose a two-phase thinning program for sustainable Makino bamboo forest management. The first phase involves a 70–75% thinning rate in the first year, leaving one-year-old bamboo. The second phase, starting from the fourth year, harvests 3 and 4-year-old bamboo every two years, covering 50% of the bamboo forest. This phased approach, covering 24 hectares, establishes a win-win situation for the Forest Bureau and bamboo forest managers. © 2024 The Japanese Forest Society.

关键词： Forestry

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Surface water availability in ungauged catchments of Sub-Saharan Africa: A case study from Luwombwa sub-catchment, Zambia

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Water Science 2025年第1期39卷 42-57页

作者： Mwelwa, Dickson Tena, Tewodros M. Nguvulu, Alick Mwaanga, Phenny Taye, Gebeyehu School of Graduate Studies Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia Federal Institute for Geosciences and Natural Resources (BGR) Lusaka Zambia Department of Geomatics Engineering School of Mines and Mineral Sciences Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia Department of Environmental Engineering School of Mines and Mineral Sciences Copperbelt University Kitwe Zambia Department of Land Resources Management and Environmental Protection Mekelle University Mekelle Ethiopia

Improving streamflow prediction reliability under limited hydrological observations is important for achieving sustainable water resources management of a river catchment. Inadequate baseline information about a catchment hydrological characteristic has hindered efficient water availability analysis and planning for water use, demand, and allocation among competing water users. The United Nations is globally implementing Sustainable Development Goals such as No. 6 (SDG-6) with emphasis on the need of having access to clean water and sanitation for all by 2030 which highly depend on water resources availability. The purpose of this study was to analyse and predict water availability in the Luwombwa sub-catchment through the application of the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) based on its capability to simulate a wide range of hydrological processes of the sub-catchment of 7,363 km² considering past, present, and future climate scenarios. The results of the model performance achieved Nash-Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) of 0.74, a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.77 and a Percent Bias (PBIAS) of 3.84 during the model calibration period (2017–2022). During model validation period (2009–2015), performance evaluations achieved were NSE of 0.66, R² of 0.67 and PBIAS of 5.67 at the catchment outlet. The model’s estimated water balance components were precipitation of 1107.7 mm comparable to the observed 1100.6 mm long-term average annual precipitation within the region, 63% evapotranspiration and 18% runoff while the combined percolation and deep recharge accounted for 19% of the annual precipitation. The results indicated the reliability of the model to predict catchment surface water availability, which provides baseline information for sustainable water resources management such as development of catchment management plans, water budget, and allocation. Therefore, the scientific insights from this study are capable of informing and

关键词： hydrological modelling Ungauged catchment water availability, evaporation, surface runoff

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Drought propagation in an Andean basin in South America: a spatio-temporal analysis approach with monitoring indices

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Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2025年第3期18卷 1-21页

作者： Ocampo-Marulanda, Camilo Mera-Franco, Julián David Lizcano, Víctor Augusto Carvajal-Escobar, Yesid Canchala, Teresita Zorrilla-Millan, Daniel Felipe Caicedo-Bravo, Eduardo Water Resources Engineering and Soil Research Group (IREHISA) School of Natural Resources and Environmental Engineering Universidad del Valle Cali Colombia Graduate Program in Biometrics and Applied Statistics Department of Statistics and Informatics Federal Rural University of Pernambuco Recife Brazil School of Exact Sciences and Engineering Universidad Sergio Arboleda Bogotá Colombia Programa de Ingeniería Ambiental Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Mariana Pasto Colombia School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Universidad del Valle Cali Colombia

Drought is a climatic phenomenon that has increased in severity over time. This study analyzed drought spread in the Alto Patía basin (13,047 km2) in South America, applying the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI), Vegetation Health Index (VHI), and Streamflow Drought Index (SDI) to assess meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought, respectively. Synchronous and asynchronous correlations were estimated, and Wavelet analysis was conducted to verify relationships among drought types. Results show that the lag between drought types varies based on the intensity, temporal continuity, and spatial extent of meteorological drought. A lag of zero months (1–2 months) was observed between meteorological and hydrological drought when moderate (severe) meteorological drought partially (fully) covers the basin. Agricultural drought, however, does not always correspond to meteorological drought during isolated rainfall events. As the first study in Colombia to systematically connect these drought types, this research addresses a gap in understanding how drought impacts progress across systems in regions with complex rainfall patterns. These findings offer critical insights into the interdependencies among drought types, supporting enhanced drought monitoring and early warning systems in similar climatic regions. By identifying specific lags between meteorological and hydrological droughts, this study provides practical guidance for land management, water conservation, and crop planning, offering a foundation for future research on drought resilience strategies.

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Riparian Areas and Fine-Scale Forest Cover and Structure Drive Occupancy Patterns of Sympatric Mustelids

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Ecology and Evolution 2025年第5期15卷 e71370页

作者： Wheelhouse, Lauren Bryan, Heather Crowley, Shannon Johnson, Chris Hodder, Dexter John Prince Research Forest University of Northern British Columbia Prince George BC Canada Natural Resources and Environmental Studies Graduate Program University of Northern British Columbia Prince George BC Canada Department of Ecosystem Science and Management University of Northern British Columbia Prince George BC Canada

Boreal and subboreal forests of western North America support diverse mesocarnivore populations with overlapping spatial, temporal, and dietary niches. However, interactions among these species and the factors influencing their co-occurrence—such as population cycles, landscape changes, harvest mortality, and resource availability—are not well documented. We used 5 years (2015, 2016, 2020, 2021, and 2022) of data from remote cameras and fine-scale habitat data from Light Detection and Ranging to assess patterns in the spatial co-occurrence of short-tailed weasel (Mustela erminea), American mink (Neogale vison), American marten (Martes americana), and fisher (Pekannia pennanti) in central British Columbia, Canada. We used multispecies occupancy models to test hypotheses about the relationships between mesocarnivore co-occurrence and habitat. Mesocarnivores were more likely to co-occur at sites closer to riparian zones and at sites with greater complexity of vertical forest structure. Short-tailed weasel, however, did not co-occur with other mustelids in riparian zones. Importantly, we found that habitat covariates associated with co-occurrence were relatively similar over time despite changes in the abundance of predators and prey. Our findings highlight the importance of retaining riparian habitats and forest complexity as part of forest harvesting practices to promote species co-occurrence. © 2025 The Author(s). Ecology and Evolution published by British Ecological Society and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： ecology habitat mesocarnivores occupancy riparian

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Assessment of ecological risks and spatiotemporal monitoring of heavy metal contamination in cultivated soils of the Liaohe River Basin, Jilin Province, China

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Science of the Total Environment 2025年 968卷 178870页

作者： Chen, Yanan Wang, Jie Pan, Dianqi Zhang, Yichen Zhang, Jiquan Zhang, Feng Lu, Zengkang College of Jilin Emergency Management Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun130012 China College of Surveying and Mapping Engineering Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun130021 China College of Graduate Studies Changchun Institute of Technology Changchun130012 China Institute of Natural Disaster Research School of Environment Northeast Normal University Changchun130024 China College of Resources and Environment Jilin Agricultural University Changchun130118 China

Ensuring the quality and safety of soil is crucial for achieving ecological sustainability. This study systematically analyzed and evaluated the ecological risks, early warning mechanisms, and mitigation strategies for heavy metals in the Liaohe River Basin of Jilin Province, employing methods such as multiple index models, environmental capacity prediction models, and spatiotemporal cube models. The results indicate that local soil heavy metals range from non-polluted to moderately polluted (0.5–1), with Cr, Cd, and Ni exhibiting relatively high risks. Early warning results reveal that Cr is in a state of low capacity (capacity index = 0.67), and the environmental capacity of soil heavy metals is projected to decline over the next 15 years. Notably, after 15 years, the environmental capacities of As and Cd are expected to decrease to 4.579 kg/hm2 and 0.198 kg/hm2, respectively. Based on the findings, systematic mitigation recommendations, including graded management and land-use optimization, were proposed. This not only provides insights into heavy metal research but also establishes a theoretical foundation for soil pollution management. © 2025

关键词： Abiotic

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3D modeling and fluid flow simulations along fault zone affected by silicification in Rio do Peixe Basin, Brazil

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2025年 161卷

作者： Rocha, Renan Nicolau Ribeiro da Nogueira, Francisco Cézar Costa Pontes, Cayo Cesar Cortez Gomes, Thiago Pedro de Lira Vasconcelos, David Lino Palhano, Leonardo Carvalho Souza, Jorge Andre Braz de Perez, Yoe Alain Reyes Nicchio, Matheus Amador Postgraduate Program in Natural Resources Engineering and Management Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology of Bahia Jacobina Brazil Department of Petroleum Engineering Federal University of Campina Grande Paraíba Brazil Postgraduate Program in Geophysics and Geodynamics Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte Natal Brazil Postgraduate Program in Petroleum Science and Engineering State University of Campinas São Paulo Brazil Petrobras Research Center Rio de Janeiro Brazil Sedimentary Geology Laboratory Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Fault zones are known to influence the petrophysical properties of the rocks that accommodate deformation. However, the effect of a fault zone containing deformation bands and hydrothermal silicification on fluid flow remains underexplored. This study investigates the impact of the coexistence of deformation bands and hydrothermal silicification on the fluid flow based on a outcrop composed of conglomeratic sandstone within the damage zone of the Portalegre Fault in the Rio do Peixe Basin, an analog of siliciclastic reservoir in the northeastern of Brazil. Previous studies divided this outcrop into three zones according to the presence and degree of silicification: Zone I (non-silicified), Zone II (moderately silicified), and Zone III (intensively silicified). Porosity and permeability models were constructed for each zone, and numerical fluid flow simulations were conducted. Our results showed significant alteration of the permoporous properties, leading to significant fluid flow anisotropy. Zone I exhibited the highest oil recovery, with an average recovery factor of 34 %. Flow analysis revealed that silicification controlled the flow direction, and deformation bands were overridden by silicification. The silicification process led to a significant increase in anisotropy, which was crucial for enhancing sweep efficiency. This alteration elevated the tortuosity of fluid flow, thereby improving the lateral sweep efficiency within the study area. This process reduced hydrodynamic properties, causing strong permeability anisotropy, primarily attributed to mineral dissolution and the formation of preferential flow paths. The results from this research offer new insights into fluid flow prediction and production optimization for reservoirs with similar fault-related siliciclastic characteristics. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Deformation bands Fault zones Geological modeling Numerical simulation Rio do Peixe Basin Siliciclastic reservoirs Silicification

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How different spatial resolutions of digital models affects the geospatial distribution evaluation of the Index of Connectivity

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Journal of South American Earth Sciences 2025年 163卷

作者： Eberval Marchioro Geraldo André Rosseto Barreto Ialy Gomes Ferreira Adelsom Soares Filho Diogo Costa Buarque Department of Geography (DGEO) Graduate Program in Geography (PPGG) Federal University of Espírito Santo/Brazil (UFES) Coordinator of the Laboratory for Monitoring and Modeling Environmental Systems (Lamosa) Brazil Graduate Program in Management and Regulation of Water Resources (ProfÁgua/UFES) Brazil Graduate Program in Geography at UFES Brazil Graduate Program in Civil Engineering at UFV Brazil Department of Geography Graduate Program in Geography Federal University of Grande Dourados (UFGD) Brazil Department of Environmental Engineering Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering (PPGEA) Professional Master's in Water Resources Management and Regulation (ProfÁgua/UFES) Federal University of Espírito Santo/Brazil (UFES) Brazil

Digital Terrain Models (DTM) and Digital Elevation Models (DEM) are important for obtaining the Index of Connectivity, as they provide valuable information to assess the possibility of sediments reaching the riverbed in watershed basins. This is crucial for proactive management, as it allows the adoption of preventive and mitigating measures. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the effect of the spatial resolution of DEMs with resolutions of 5 m and 2 m, and between the DTM and DEM at 2 m, in determining the Index of Connectivity (IC). Additionally, it was investigated whether it is possible to use only one spatial resolution of digital models to assess the geospatial distribution of IC for all hydrogeomorphological landscapes of the Duas Bocas River watershed, located in the Metropolitan Region of Greater Vitória, in the state of Espírito Santo, Southeast Brazil. For this study, the Borselli Index of Connectivity model (et al., 2008) was used, originally developed for rural areas of Italy and widely applied in different regions worldwide. The data used, including Digital Elevation and Terrain Models and land use and cover information, were obtained from the Integrated Geospatial Base System of the State of Espírito Santo (Brazil), which is publicly *** results indicate that a better geospatial representation of IC occurs when changing the spatial resolution of DEMs from a 5 m pixel to a 2 m pixel and when using the 2 m DTM instead of the 2 m DEM. When analyzing the relationship between IC and the hydrogeomorphological landscapes in the basin, it was observed that, in the absence of models with an even finer pixel resolution, the 2 m DTM is the most suitable option, as it presented IC values consistent within and between landscapes in the Escalated Terraces of Southern Espírito Santo, Coastal Hills and Massifs, and Coastal Plateaus sectors. The exception was the fluvio-lagoon plain, which requires an even finer pixel resolution, necessitating further st

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Application of edible films from fermented Opuntia cochenillifera mucilage in the preservation of minimally processed fruits

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Food Chemistry 2025年 488卷 144849页

作者： Monteiro, Shênia Santos dos Anjos, Antônia Isabelly Monteiro de Sousa, Anna Clara Batista da Silva, Mikaelly Batista Monteiro, Shirley Santos Moreira, Emmanuel Pereira Almeida, Renata Duarte de Bittencourt Pasquali, Matheus Augusto Federal University of Campina Grande Graduate Program in Engineering and Natural Resources Management Campina Grande58429-900 Brazil Federal University of Campina Grande Graduate Program in Food Engineering Campina Grande58429-900 Brazil Department of Agronomy Federal University of Paraiba Areia58397-000 Brazil Federal University of Paraiba Bananeiras58220-000 Brazil

This study evaluated a coating based on Opuntia cochenillifera mucilage fermented with Lactobacillus gasseri and starch (MOCF-S) to extend the shelf life of minimally processed melons under refrigeration. The films were characterized according to thickness, solubility, water vapor permeability, optical properties, morphology, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermal and mechanical properties. The MOCF-S film showed high solubility (96.43 %), greater water vapor permeability (6.13 g/kPa h m2), and a smooth and uniform surface, suggesting compatibility between fermented mucilage and starch. It also demonstrated greater tensile strength and the presence of amide I bands in FTIR, indicating structural interactions. Antimicrobial activity was detected in the contact area against Escherichia coli (6.7 to 7.3 mm) and Staphylococcus aureus (6.7 to 7.7 mm). After 12 days at 5 °C, the coated fruits maintained better titratable acidity and antioxidant compounds compared to the control, demonstrating the potential of the MOCF-S film in postharvest conservation. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

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Effectiveness of Predicting Event-Level Interception Losses Across Diverse Vegetated Sites Using Statistical Models

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Ecohydrology 2025年第3期18卷

作者： Abigail G. Sandquist Stephen P. Good Gabriel Barinas Scott T. Allen Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada USA Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada USA Water Resources Graduate Program Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA Biological & Ecological Engineering Department Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA

Understanding evaporation from wet canopies across ecosystems is challenged by its spatiotemporal variability and associated observational challenges. Precipitation and throughfall were measured at 22 sites of the National Ecological Observatory Network using consistent methodologies across diverse climates and ecosystems, providing a novel opportunity to examine the performance of statistical models in predicting interception loss from meteorological and canopy-structure data. We used those data to quantify event-level interception losses and found wide variation; median interception loss of small storms (< 10 mm) was 37.7% (39% inter-quartile range), and of large storms (> 50 mm) was 19.8% (20% interquartile range). We found storm gross-precipitation depth was the most important variable for predicting the amount of interception loss (predicting ~70% of the variation), followed by mean canopy height and air temperature. Storm gross-precipitation depth was also an important predictor of interception loss as a percent of storm depth, but much less variation was explained ( R 2 = 0.11, RMSE = 24%). Prediction of percent interception loss improved ( R 2 = 0.32 and RMSE = 19%) by including additional meteorological and vegetation structure characteristics in a random forest model. In addition to demonstrating the greater importance of storm traits over vegetation traits in predicting event interception losses, this analysis showed that relationships between storm traits and interception losses differed among sites; these inconsistent relationships across sites limited the ability for any statistical model to perform well in predicting event-level interception losses across sites, which may justify the use of alternative approaches (e.g. process-based models).

关键词： rainfall partitioning remote sensing throughfall vegetation structure

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Advances in filler-crosslinked membranes for hydrogen fuel cells in sustainable energy generation

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International Journal of Hydrogen Energy 2025年 140卷 745-776页

作者： Aminul Islam Mamun Shahriar Md. Tarekul Islam Siow Hwa Teo M. Azizur R. Khan Yun Hin Taufiq-Yap Suman C. Mohanta Ariyan Islam Rehan Adiba Islam Rasee Khadiza Tul Kubra Md. Munjur Hasan Md. Shad Salman R.M. Waliullah Md. Nazmul Hasan Md. Chanmiya Sheikh Tetsuya Uchida Mrs Eti Awual Mohammed Sohrab Hossain Hussein Znad Md. Rabiul Awual Department of Petroleum and Mining Engineering Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore 7408 Bangladesh College of Engineering Korea University 145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu Seoul 02841 Republic of Korea Department of Chemistry Jashore University of Science and Technology Jashore 7408 Bangladesh Department of Leather Engineering Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Khulna University of Engineering and Technology Khulna 9203 Bangladesh Industrial Chemistry Program Faculty of Science and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Sabah 88400 Kota Kinabalu Sabah Malaysia Catalysis Science and Technology Research Centre Faculty of Science Universiti Putra Malaysia Serdang 43400 Malaysia Department of Chemistry School of Science The University of Tokyo 7-3-1 Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Osaka University Osaka 560-0043 Japan Institute for Chemical Research Kyoto University Gokasho Uji Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Division of Applied Chemistry Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University 1-1 Tsushima-naka 3-Chome Okayama 700-8530 Japan Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Curtin University GPO Box U 1987 Perth WA 6845 Australia

Fuel cell membranes can be used in various ways to achieve zero-emission transport and energy systems, which offer a promising way to power production due to their higher efficiency compared to the internal combustion engine and the eco-environment. Perfluoro sulfonic acid membranes used for proton exchange membranes (PEMs) have certain drawbacks, like higher fuel permeability and expense, lower mechanical and chemical durability, and proton conductivity under low humidity and above 80 °C temperature. Researchers have drawn their attention to the production of polymer electrolyte membranes with higher proton conductivity, thermal and chemical resilience, maximum power density, lower fuel permeability, and lower expense. For sustainable clean energy generation, a review covering the most useful features of advanced material-associated membranes would be of great benefit to all interested communities. This paper endeavors to explore several types of novel inorganic fillers and crosslinking agents, which have been incorporated into membrane matrices to design the desired properties for an advanced fuel cell system. Membrane parameters such as proton conductivity, the ability of H 2 transport, and the stability of the membrane are described. Research directions for developing fuel cell membranes are addressed based on several challenges suggested. The technological advancement of nanostructured materials for fuel cell applications is believed to significantly promote the future clean energy generation technology in practice.

关键词： Advanced materials Fuel cell Hydrogen gas generation Proton exchange membrane Polymer

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