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On the equivalence of kriging and maximum entropy estimators

MATHEMATICAL GEOLOGY 1997年第1期29卷 131-152页

作者： Lee, YM Ellis, JH 1. Graduate Institute of Natural Resources Management National Chung Hsing University Taipei Taiwan Republic of China 2. Department of Geography and Environmental Engineering The Johns Hopkins University 34th & Charles Street 21218 Baltimore Maryland

This study compares kriging and maximum entropy estimators for spatial estimation and monitoring network design. For second-order stationary random fields (a subset of Gaussian fields) the estimators and their associated interpolation error variances are identical. Simple lognormal kriging differs from the lognormal maximum entropy estimator, however, in both mathematical formulation and estimation error variances. Two numerical examples are described that compare the two estimators. Simple lognormal kriging yields systematically higher estimates and smoother interpolation surfaces compared to those produced by the lognormal maximum entropy estimator. The second empirical comparison applies kriging and entropy-based models to the problem of optimizing groundwater monitoring network design, using six alternative objective functions. The maximum entropy-based sampling design approach is shown to be the more computationally efficient of the two.

关键词： spatial estimation entropy kriging monitoring network design lognormal random fields

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Temporal NDVI analysis to detect the effects of seawater intrusion on rice growth in coastal areas 1

Temporal NDVI analysis to detect the effects of seawater int...

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1st International Conference and Exhibition on Industrial Agriculture - Managing Crisis inIndustrial Agriculture: Way Forward, ICONIA 2020

作者： Tivianton, T.A. Barus, B. Purwanto, M.Y.J. Anwar, S. Widiatmaka Laudiansyah, R. Natural Resources and Environmental Management Study Program IPB Graduate School Bogor Indonesia Department of Environmental Geography Faculty of Geography Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta Indonesia

As population size grows over time, staple food production also needs to keep up with increased annual demands. In Indonesia, the agricultural sector applies intensification and extensification to maximize rice productivity. However, farm extensification can instead decline productivity, should it sprawl into marginal lands like the study area that has been affected by sea-level rise impact, i.e., surface saltwater intrusion. Therefore, this study set out to differentiate paddies into segments affected and unaffected by salinity based on discernible variation in rice growth stages. These stages were determined using a vegetation index, NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index), calculated from time-series Sentinel-2 L2A+B image data from 2015 until 2020. The resulting temporal NDVI showed two cropping patterns year-round but with different planting times. In salinity-unaffected paddy segments, farmers began the inundation-transplanting stage in late March and ended the cropping season with fallow in August. Meanwhile, in salinity-affected segments, the cropping stages were the opposite: inundation in early April and fallow in early September. The measurable impact of salinity was apparent at the vegetative-generative stage, where salinity-affected paddies had the highest NDVI of 0.64-0.65, whereas those unaffected had the highest NDVI of 0.7-0.75. These index values indicate an impaired rice growth rate due to salinity effects. Compared with the field-measured data, the NDVI showed 85% accuracy, with a Kappa coefficient of 0.87. Meanwhile, the NDVI-EC correlation test produced R-values of 63-85%. Overall, this research has confirmed that remote sensing image and technology can acquire variable data that explain salinity effects on coastal paddies. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Productivity

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Molt in Birds Inhabiting a Human-Dominated Habitat

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HAYATI Journal of Biosciences 2017年第4期24卷 195-200页

作者： Mulyani, Yeni Aryati Tirtaningtyas, Fransisca Noni Hadi, Nanang Khairul Dewi, Lina Kristina Kaban, Aronika Department of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecotourism Faculty of Forestry Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Indonesia Study Program Natural Resources and Environmental Management Graduate School Bogor Agricultural University Bogor Indonesia Jalan Cempaka Perumahan Dosen Bogor Indonesia

Molt is one of the biological processes in the life of birds that requires high energy. Therefore, it usually occurs when food is abundant. However, molt and breeding overlap have been recorded in the tropics. There are very few studies on bird molting patterns in Indonesia. This study aimed at describing molt in birds that inhabit a human-dominated habitat in Bogor Agricultural University Campus in Bogor, West Java. Molt of primary feathers of adult birds were checked during bird monitoring using mist nets from August 2010 to December 2013. Occurrence of brood patch as indicator of breeding stage was also recorded. Molt data were obtained from 230 adult birds from 29 species. Molts occurred from February to December, with most birds having active molts in July and October. Breeding occurred in March, April, July, and October, with the peak of breeding occurring in March. Molt and breeding overlap were identified only in three species, i.e. Eurasian Tree Sparrow (Passer montanus), Horsfield's Babbler (Malacocincla sepiarium), and Scarlet-headed Flowerpecker (Dicaeum trochileum). This study suggests that resources in the study site are available for conservation of bird community in human-dominated habitat. However, further research is needed to assess food availability and bird breeding success. © 2017 Institut Pertanian Bogor

关键词： birds molt molt-breeding overlap

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Analysis of oil palm plantation performance in environmental management based on ISPO principles and criteria

Analysis of oil palm plantation performance in environmental...

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2020 International e-Conference on Sustainable Agriculture and Farming System, ICoSAFS 2020

作者： Nasution, A.R. Habibi Hariyadi Kartodiharjo, H. Natural Resources and Environment Management Study Program Graduate School of Ipb University Darmaga Campus Bogor16680 Indonesia Department of Agronomy and Horticulture Faculty of Agronomy Ipb University Dramaga Campus Bogor16680 Indonesia Department of Forest Management Faculty of Forestry Ipb University Dramaga Campus Bogor16680 Indonesia Lecturer of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Study Program Graduate School of Ipb University Darmaga Campus Bogor16680 Indonesia

Excellence, potential, and good prospects make palm oil plantations grow rapidly. Another underlying consideration is the important and strategic role as a activator nor accelerator in development and economy. Environmental and social issues become challenging in development's sector, especially in the development of sustainable oil palm plantations. Since the implementations of the certification system for sustainable palm oil plantation's in 2011 and was further clarified in Regulation of the Minister of Agriculture No. 11 of 2015 about Indonesian Sustainable Palm Oil Certification System (ISPO), the Indonesian Government requires companies to produce palm oil sustainably. This research aims to analysis on the performance of oil palm plantations in environmental management based on ISPO principles and criteria. Research on several palm oil plantations of South Sumetera Province located in Musi Banyuasin Regency. Methods were used by collecting primary data through interviews and secondary data was obtained from data reviews such as company literature. The results of the analysis showed that the effectiveness of policy implementation through the fulfillment of environmental policy components can be fulfilled by most of companies. Meanwhile, in some cases, such as online reporting of land fires has not been fulfilled yet. © 2021 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Palm oil

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Educational Tourism Potentials of Argapura Village, Bogor Regency towards Pongkor UNESCO Global Geopark 4

Educational Tourism Potentials of Argapura Village, Bogor Re...

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4th International Symposium of Sustainable Landscape Development, ISSLD 2019

作者： Setianata, A.A. Aidi, M.N. Gunawan, A. Study Program Natural Resources and Environmental Management Science Graduate School IPB University Indonesia Department of Statistics IPB University Indonesia Department of Landscape Architecture IPB University Indonesia

Argapura is one of the village areas in Cigudeg Subdistrict which has potential unique characteristics for a tourist destination, namely Geopark. Argapura Village is one of the Pongkor National Geopark development villages covering 15 sub-districts in Bogor Regency. Pongkor National Geopark is a unitary space with geodiversity, culturediversity and biodiversity which aims to preserve and protect the wealth of natural resources. The geopark is located very close to tourism activities, but the existing tour has not specifically touched the educational aspect (educational tourism). Educational tourism is a tourism packaging program that is loaded with educational values in each of its activities. Argapura Village needs to be developed educational tourism aimed at all visitors. The objectives of this study were to identify and analyze the potential of educational tourism objects in Argapura Village, and to arrange educational tourism program in Argapura Village. Data collection through literature studies, field surveys and interviews with stakeholders. Data analysis using tables and described based on the criteria of educational values and geopark elements. The results of study showed that Argapura Village has two main potential attractions/educational tourism objects, namely Angklung Gubrag and Gudawang Caves. Angklung Gubrag is an educational tourism attraction that has high cultural, historical and religious values. Gudawang Cave is an educational tourism object in the form of karst ecosystem. In addition to the both of tourism objects, there are several other potential tourism objects and characteristics of the Geopark. The Argapura Village educational tourism was compiled includes two main programs, namely the half-day and the full-day visiting programs. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Biodiversity

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Dry-season sources of riverine sediment from the tropical mixed urban-agricultural watershed of the Mun River Basin in northeastern Thailand

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2023年第2期38卷 240-252页

作者： Arika Bridhikitti Thayukorn Prabamroong Gaohuan Liu Environmental Engineering and Disaster Management Program School of Interdisciplinary Studies Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus Earth Science Research Center Mahidol University Kanchanaburi Campus Faculty of Environment and Resource Studies Mahasarakham University State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

Northeastern(NE) Thailand is well recognized as the land for rice cropping and consequently, it is potentially contaminated with chemicals from soil fertilization, pest/weed control, and urban *** Mun River basin in NE Thailand principally is comprised of rice paddies and sedimentation in the river has been pronounced, but the studies on sediment source identification are limited. The current study aims to identify sediment sources in the Mun River basin and discuss possible impacts on ecosystems attributed to exposure to polluted sediment. The assessment relies upon physicochemical properties and heavy metal contents(iron(Fe), manganese(Mn), copper(Cu), chromium(Cr), nickel(Ni),and Zinc(Zn)) in the fine-grained sediment(<63 μm) taken from the Mun River basin and the Chi River in the dry season of 2020-2021. The findings revealed that the heavy metals in the sediment had not accumulated to levels of concern. Most sediment was from natural sources, including Fe-and Mn-rich sediment, Cr-dominant sediment, and Ni-and Cu-rich sediment. Fe-and Zn-rich sediment was, however, found in the urban watershed of Lam Ta Klong, and it could originate from mixed urban sources. Ferich sediment was predominant in the Mun River basin, which and could be a significant sink and source of toxic elements from agricultural and urban discharges. It is suggested that the toxic compounds in the sediment should be consistently monitored, whereas ecological and health risk assessment should be focused on the mobile forms.

关键词： Sediment Heavy metals Mun River Lower Mekong River Agriculture

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Water and sediment oil content spread in Dumai coastal waters, Riau Province, Indonesia

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Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research 2016年第4期42卷 411-416页

作者： Ariani, Fitri Effendi, Hefni Suprihatin Graduate Program of Natural Resources and Environmental Management Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Indonesia Center for Environmental Research Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Indonesia Department of Agro-Industrial Technology Bogor Agricultural University (IPB) Indonesia

Dumai coastal water is one of coastal area that very active in Indonesia, since it has national and international shipping lanes. Furthermore along coastal waters of Dumai are locate various industries likely influencing coastal environmental water quality. The study aimed to examine oil content in water and bottom sediment. The highest oil content in water was found at Lubuk Gaung station 11 (0.719 ppm), western part of the research location. This might be related to the monsoon season change in which sea water current changes toward west direction during April–May 2015. Sediment oil content at Purnama station 4 (3591 ppm) was the highest. It might be attributed to the existence of industries along the coast. The high oil concentration in sediment might affect coastal ecosystems. © 2016 National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries

关键词： Anthropogenic Dumai Environment Oil Sediment Water

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Potential anti-biofilm producing marine actinomycetes isolated from sea sediments in Thailand

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Agriculture and natural resources 2018年第3期52卷 228-233页

作者： Leetanasaksakul, Kantinan Thamchaipenet, Arinthip Department of Genetics Faculty of Science Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Genetic Engineering Graduate School Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand Center for Advanced Studies in Tropical Natural Resources Kasetsart University Bangkok 10900 Thailand

Marine actinomycetes are well known as novel resources of bioactive compounds including anti-biofilm agents with various therapeutic applications. In this study, one hundred and one marine actinomycetes were isolated from sea sediments collected from Andaman sea and the Gulf of Thailand. Morphological study and partial 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed that most of isolates belong to genus Streptomyces (n = 90, 89.11%) and the rest are rare actinomycetes (n = 11, 10.89%) including Actinopolymorpha, Actinomycetospora, Dietzia Nocardiopsis, Micromonospora and Mycobacterium. Among them, ten and thirteen strains significantly reduced more than 60% of biofilm formation of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. But no such activity was found against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Further analysis of their supernatants indicated that most of marine actinomycetes secreted non-toxic anti-biofilm agents and some accompanied with protease activity. These are preferred characteristics of anti-biofilm substances that potentially restricted biofilm forming of E. coli and S. aureus and simultaneously prevented bacteria to develop resistance. © 2018 Kasetsart University

关键词： Anti-biofilm Marine actinomycetes

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Analysis of marine debris at Alue Naga and Ulee Lheue beaches in Banda Aceh City using the transect method

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Materials Today: Proceedings 2022年 63卷 S339-S345页

作者： Windari, Wulan Saiful, Saiful Gani, Asri Mahidin Master of Environment Management Postgraduate Program Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia Chemistry Department Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh Indonesia Research Center for Environmental and Natural Resources Universitas Syiah Kuala Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia

Alue Naga Beach and Ulee Lheue Beach are beaches located in Banda Aceh City, Aceh Province, these two beaches have a fairly large role in the fields of fisheries, transportation, and tourism. During the last few years, the population growth rate of Banda Aceh City has increased by 2% per year, this causes the volume of waste generated to be even greater, unfortunately, the municipal waste management office cannot manage it fully. Most of the untreated waste enters water bodies and has the potential to pollute the marine and coastal environment. So it is necessary to do research to provide an overview of the level of marine debris pollution on the two beaches. This study uses the transect method, the waste obtained is grouped according to size and type. The results showed that marine debris on Ulee Lheue beach was found to be more numerous and varied than marine debris on Alue Naga beach. Overall, macro waste with a size range of 2.5−1 m was the most commonly found and plastic was the waste with the highest yield with a density value of 65.8 g/m2, an abundance of 6.56 items/m2, and a percentage of 75%. © 2022

关键词： Beaches

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Artificial neural networks for the prediction of channel geomorphic condition and stream sensitivity

Artificial neural networks for the prediction of channel geo...

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作者： Besaw, Lance Rizzo, Donna M. Kline, Michael University of Vermont College of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences Burlington VT 05405 United States Vermont Agency of Natural Resources River Management Program Waterbury VT 05671 United States

ISBN: (纸本)9780784409275

Stream channel and watershed management requires an interdisciplinary approach by multiple stakeholders with often disparate goals and objectives. Even single management goals (e.g. mitigation of property loss due to stream bank erosion and flooding, restoring stream channels and aquatic species habitat) require solutions that span multiple spatial and temporal scales. To deal with the complexity associated with goals such as reducing fluvial erosion hazards, sediment and nutrient loading and threats to aquatic habitat associated with geomorphic instability, the Vermont Agency of natural resources' River management program has been developing and testing 1) protocols for conducting field-based and remote sensing data and 2) a geographical information system (GIS)-based tool since 1999. These protocols and tools facilitate an understanding of channel instability and assist in developing strategies at appropriate scales to restore channel equilibrium. A hierarchical system of data-driven artificial neural networks (ANNs) has been developed to enhance these existing GIS-based watershed management tools for predicting channel geomorphic condition and inherent sensitivity at the reach scale. We research and develop these ANNs as an alternative model that can incorporate large amounts of data for use in the operational management of watersheds. The ANNs have been trained and tested on remotely sensed and in-field data along with corresponding expert opinions of geomorphic condition and sensitivity. The focus is performing sensitivity analyses and addressing inadequacies associated with assimilation activities that are closely tied to large amounts of hydrological-relevant remote sensing and field data. © 2007 ASCE.

关键词： Watersheds

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