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Air and Waste Management Association's - 98th annual Conference and Exhibition

作者： Oanh, Nguyen Thi Kim Upadhyay, Nabin Zhuang, Ya-hui Hao, Zengping Murthy, D.V.S. Swaminanthan, T. Puji, Lestari Villarin, Jose T. Khervin, Chengchua Co, Hoang Xuan Trung, Dung Nghiem Lindgren, Eva Selin Environmental Engineering and Management Program Asian Institute of Technology Thailand Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Graduate School University of Science and Technology of China Beijing China Department of Chemical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Madras India Department of Environmental Engineering Institute of Technology of Bandung Indonesia Manila Observatory Quezon City Philippines Faculty of Environmental Sciences Hanoi University of Science Hanoi Viet Nam Hogskolan I Boras Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)0923204881

AIRPET, an Asian regional air pollution research network, which is coordinated by the Asian Institute of Technology, involves six cities: Bandung, Bangkok, Beijing, Chennai, Manila, and Hanoi. One of the objectives of the network is to provide a comprehensive assessment of particulate matter (PM) air quality though monitoring and receptor modeling tools jointly by six research teams in these cities. The results within the scope of this monitoring and modeling objective in phase 1 (2001-2003) were presented. In total, the network collected over 2500 PM_2.5 and PM₁₀ samples from characteristic urban sites. In all these cities the levels of PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were found high especially during the dry season which the frequently exceeded the EPA standard for PM₁₀ and PM_2.5, especially at the traffic sites. Traffic had the highest PM_2.5 contribution in most cities with the exceptional high share (> 70%) in Manila. Traffic and coal combustion had high contribution in Beijing while NaNO₃ was found high in Hanoi. This is an abstract of a paper presented at the 98th AWMA Annual Conference and Exhibition (Minneapolis, MN 6/21-24/2005).

关键词： Air quality

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Improved quantification of fungi in indoor environmental samples: Free dust compared to filter-bound dust 16

Improved quantification of fungi in indoor environmental sam...

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16th Conference of the International Society of Indoor Air Quality and Climate: Creative and Smart Solutions for Better Built Environments, Indoor Air 2020

作者： Cochran, Samuel J. Bope, Ashleigh Renninger, Nicole Perzanowski, Matthew S. Dannemiller, Karen C. Environmental Science Graduate Program The Ohio State University United States Department of Environmental Health Sciences College of Public Health The Ohio State University United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering College of Engineering The Ohio State University United States Environmental Health Sciences Mailman School of Public Health Columbia University United States Sustainability Institute Ohio State University United States

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Physical characteristics of modified cassava flour wastewater at room temperature

Physical characteristics of modified cassava flour wastewate...

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International Conference on Food Science and Technology 2018, ICFST 2018

作者： Yaqin, N. Al-Baarri, A.N. Legowo, A.M. Widayat Budihardjo, M.A. Program of Environmental Science School of Post-Graduate Studies Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Food Technology Department Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Chemical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Center of Research and Services Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Indonesia

Cassava is an agricultural material that is considered as important raw resources in the industrial sector. The benefits are even greater after being modified using lactic acid bacteria. However, the mocaf industry often causes water and air pollution. environmental problems arise after the fermentation process. Determination problems with lightness, TDS (Total Dissolved Solid), conductivity and pH analysis are required to measure the impact to the environment. This research was used waste water from mocaf during 3 days fermentation. The wastewater had the highest color level (Lightness) on initial day of fermentation at 83.7±3.73 and then decrease along the day of fermentation at the averages of 65.2±2.0. The highest TDS was resulted from the mocaf wastewater at a value of 1218 ± 4.6 ppm which continued to decline until day 4. The conductivity and pH showed a decrease along the day of fermentation. As conclusion, physical characteristic of wastewater from mocaf production could be analyzed specifically and determined through color, TDS, conductivity, and pH. © 2019 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Fermentation

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Characterization and Modification of a Clay Mineral Used in Adsorption Tests

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and engineering 2015年第4期3卷 277-288页

作者： Natália Costa Dias Patrícia Arns Steiner Maria Cristina Borba Braga Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Post-Graduate Program Department of Hydraulics and Sani-tation Parana Federal University Curitiba Brazil

Clay minerals are widespread in natural systems and have been widely used for the removal of pollutants. In this study, natural expanded vermiculite was used in adsorption tests to remove ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate. The modification of vermiculite was carried out using NaOH and HCl, and for both modifications the best concentration was 0.1 mol/L. The results produced by XRD (X-ray diffraction) showed that Al replaced K after modification of the vermiculite using HCl and that Mg and Na replaced K after modification using NaOH. It was observed that the adsorption capacity increased as the percentage in mass of K diminished. The Langmuir is the isotherm that presents the best fit of the data, and the values of RL (the Langmuir coefficient) suggest that the adsorption is linear. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the process is spontaneous and endothermic, that there is a high affinity between the adsorbate and the adsorbent, and that physical adsorption is prevalent.

关键词： Adsorption Isotherms Adsorption Thermodynamics Clay Minerals Expanded Vermiculite Landfill Leachate Vermiculite

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Assessment of Dar es Salaam's resilience to climate change disasters using the Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI)

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Singapore Journal of Tropical Geography 2024年第3期45卷 475-497页

作者： Mkasimongwa, Simon William Fakour, Hoda Hassani, Hussein Juma Sultan, Basma Abdulla Lai, Hsin-Chih Master Degree Program in Safety and Health Science Chang Jung Christian University Tainan City Taiwan International Program for Sustainable Development International College of Practice and Education for the Environment Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan Graduate Institute of Environmental Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Green Energy and Environmental Resources Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan

Climate change is becoming an increasingly significant issue in Africa, and the need for climate resilience assessment has intensified. Dar es Salam is one of Africa's emerging megacities. With a population of over seven million, which continues to grow, there is an urgent need to understand the city's ability to deal with natural disasters. The Climate Disaster Resilience Index (CDRI) was used in this study to assess the city's ability to withstand and cope with climatic hazards. The Index was quantified using sets of dimensions (social, physical, economic, natural, and institutional), with various parameters indicating the city's abilities, strengths, and vulnerabilities to potential climate-related disasters. Despite being moderately resilient to climate change disasters, the results of our study indicate that the city's economic and institutional features obtained the lowest scores and the least resilience level. The study's findings provide a perspective on aspects of the city management sectors in terms of resilience and which should be given greater consideration in order to strengthen the city's current and future resilience. © 2024 Department of Geography, National University of Singapore and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.

关键词： climate change flooding resilience weather trends

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Effect of treatment of sisal fiber on morphology, mechanical properties and fiber-cement bond strength

Effect of treatment of sisal fiber on morphology, mechanical...

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作者： Santos, Rogério De Jesus Lima, Paulo Roberto Lopes Post-graduate Program of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Technology State University of Feira de Santana Av. Transnordestina S/N-Novo Horizonte Feira de Santana Bahia44036-900 Brazil

The dimensional instability of vegetable fibers due to hygroscopicity results in a gradual loss of adherence in cement based composites which, when in service, are submitted to a natural variation of humidity. Such an effect reduces the contribution of the fiber as a reinforcement and can cause the early rupture of the material. In this work, a treatment of the sisal fibers is performed with the applying of wetting-drying cycles in order to alter their crystalline structure and improve the dimensional stability of the fiber to withstand the variation of humidity: 6, 10, 20, 30 and 34 cycles were applied in order to evaluate the effect on the properties of fiber;a tensile test, the morphological characterization (MEV) and the evaluation of the chemical structure of fiber were carried out. The effect of the treatment on fiber-matrix behavior was evaluated using the pull-out test. Embedded lengths of 16, 20, 30, 40 and 44 mm were defined through a factorial design and used in the test. It is verified that the use of 10 wetting-drying cycles causes less damage to the tensile strength and the elastic modulus of the fiber and contributes to a better adherence with the matrix, with an increase of up to 23 % compared with the untreated fiber. The statistical analysis of the interaction effect between the studied factors, using 2K factorial design with central composite design, indicates that the number of cycles can be decreased when using a longer length of the embedded fiber. © (2015) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Tensile strength

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A productivity analysis considering environmental pollution and diseases in China

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Journal of Economic Structures 2015年第1期4卷 1-19页

作者： Cao, Huijuan Fujii, Hidemichi Managi, Shunsuke Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku University 6-6-20 Aramaki-Aza Aoba Sendai 980-8579 Aoba-Ku Japan Graduate School of Fisheries Science and Environmental Studies Nagasaki University 1-14 Bunkyo-machi Nagasaki 852-8521 Japan Global Environmental Engineering Program School of Engineering Kyushu University 744 Motooka Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395 Japan Queensland University of Technology Level 8 Z Block Gardens Point 2 George St Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia

environmental pollution and human health problems are becoming serious issues in China. This research focuses on regional differences in productive inefficiencies and attempts to clarify the determinants of inefficiency, accounting economic, environmental and health-related factors. Our dataset includes information of 29 areas in China from 2003 to 2009. We find that after accounting for environmental pollution and health impacts, the productive inefficiency of the examined areas reduced;this result holds for both the national and provincial levels. Our results imply that government efforts to improve social welfare should emphasize increases in foreign direct investment and private medical expenditures. JEL codes: I15, O44, O47, R11. © 2015, Cao et al.

关键词： China Disease environmental pollution Regional disparity Weighted Russell directional distance function

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FIELD SAMPLING OF RESIDUAL AVIATION GASOLINE IN SANDY SOIL

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GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1991年第2期11卷 107-120页

作者： OSTENDORF, DW LEACH, LE HINLEIN, ES XIE, YF 1 David W. Ostendorf is an associate professor in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department at the University of Massachusetts (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003). His research interests include unconfined aquifer contamination hazardous waste site remediation and analytical modeling of problems in environmental fluid mechanics. Dr. Ostendorf is a registered professional engineer in Massachusetts and a member of the American Geophysical Union American Society of Civil Engineers Soil Science Society of America Water Pollution Control Federation and Association of Environmental Engineering Professors as well as the National Water Well Association.2 Lowell E. Leach is an environmental engineer with the Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (RS Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory U.S. EPA P.O. Box 1198 Ada OK74820). Leach received his B.S. ingeological engineering at the University of Oklahoma in 1959 and has been a registered professional engineer in Oklahoma since 1966. With 29 years of experience in field applications of geological engineering he is responsible for developing methodology for sampling ground water and subsurface materials for the Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory.3 Erich S. Hinlein is a research assistant in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil Engineering Department at the University of Massachusetts (Civil Engineering Department University of Massachusetts Amherst MA 01003). His research interests include ground water pollution hazardous waste site investigation and transport processes in unconfined aquifers. Hinlein graduated with a B.S. in electrical and computer engineering from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst in May 1985 and entered the Environmental Engineering Master's Degree Program in January 1989.4 Yuefeng Xie is a postdoctoral research associate in the Environmental Engineering Program of the Civil E

Two complementary field sampling methods for the determination of residual aviation gasoline content in the contaminated capillary fringe of a fine, uniform, sandy soil were investigated. The first method featured field extrusion of core barrels into pint-size Mason jars, while the second consisted of laboratory partitioning of intact stainless steel core sleeves. The barrel extrusion procedure involved jar headspace sampling in a nitrogen-filled glove box, which delineated the 0.7m thick residually contaminated interval for subsequent core sleeve withdrawal from adjacent boreholes. Soil samples removed from the Mason jars (in the field) and sleeve segments (in the laboratory) were subjected to methylene chloride extraction and gas chromatographic analysis to compare their aviation gasoline content. The barrel extrusion sampling method yielded a vertical profile with 0.10m resolution over an essentially continuous 5.0m interval from the ground surface to the water table. The sleeve segment alternative yielded a more resolved 0.03m vertical profile over a shorter 0.8m interval through the capillary fringe. The two methods delivered precise estimates of the vertically integrated mass of aviation gasoline at a given horizontal location, and a consistent view of the vertical profile as well. In the latter regard, a 0.2m thick lens of maximum contamination was found in the center of the capillary fringe, where moisture filled all voids smaller than the mean pore size. The maximum peak was resolved by the core sleeve data, but was partially obscured by the barrel extrusion observations, so that replicate barrels or a half-pint Mason jar size should be considered for data supporting vertical transport analyses in the absence of sleeve partitions.

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Antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes (ARB and ARG) in water and sewage treatment units: A review

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environmental Nanotechnology, Monitoring and Management 2024年 21卷

作者： Flach, Kauane Andressa Bones, Ubiratan Alegransi Wolff, Delmira Beatriz de Oliveira Silveira, Andressa da Rosa, Genesio Mario Carissimi, Elvis Silvestri, Siara Graduate Program in Environmental Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria Brazil Graduate Program in Environmental Science and Technology Federal University of Santa Maria Brazil

Microorganisms have historically coexisted with humans, animals, and the environment in a natural way. Like any other living being, microorganisms are subjected to environmental pressures that can eventually extinguish or strengthen their existence. In recent years, the emergence of antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) has raised an alert about their influence on human and animal health. In addition to ARBs found in nosocomial environments, recent studies point to the environment as an auxiliary hotspot for the spread of antimicrobial resistance. In this sense, this review covers research that investigated ARB and ARG in E. coli and Salmonella, occurrence and potential environmental reservoirs for the spread of antimicrobial resistance, as well as a discussion on how bacterial resistance affects public health, the detection and treatment methods currently employed to reduce or remove this pollutant from water treatment plants (WTP) and sewage treatment plants (WWTP). The results indicated that the great increase in bacterial resistance may be linked, among other reasons, to repetitive contact with residual concentrations of antibiotics present in the environment, causing the bacteria to suffer from selective pressure and if resistant to one or more antibiotics. Thus, public health is compromised, since commonly used antibiotics are often ineffective in treating disease-resistant pathogenic bacteria. From this perspective, studies have shown the importance of consistent detection methods, which allow the tracking and analysis of sources of antimicrobial resistance on a global scale, in addition to the need to improve advanced treatment to reduce the ARG and ARB of WTPs and WWTPs. The first two sections of this review article present an overview of the problems related to the occurrence and dissemination of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in bacteria, with a focus on E. coli and Salmonella, identified by the WHO as bacteria of globa

关键词： Advanced treatments Analytical determination Antimicrobial resistance environmental compartments Public health

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Current Panorama, Practice Gaps, and Recommendations to Accelerate the Transition to a Circular Bioeconomy in Latin America and the Caribbean

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Circular Economy and Sustainability 2022年第1期2卷 281-312页

作者： Salvador, Rodrigo Pereira, Reinalda Blanco Sales, Gabriel Fernandes de Oliveira, Vanessa Campana Vergani Halog, Anthony De Francisco, Antonio C. Sustainable Production Systems Laboratory (LESP) Graduate Program in Industrial Engineering (PPGEP) Universidade Tecnológica Federal Do Paraná (UTFPR) Ponta Grossa Brazil School of Earth and Environmental Sciences The University of Queensland St Lucia 4072 QLD Australia

The rampant use of resources and the increasing risk of scarcity have been contributing to greater awareness regarding the need for maintaining resources in use for longer and the shift to renewable alternatives, in which perspective the concept of a circular bioeconomy (CBE) has been permeating the most diverse sectors. Therefore, the study’s aims were manifold: identify (i) existing practices and initiatives, (ii) barriers and potential opportunities and (iii) existing gaps for advancing a circular bioeconomy in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) and (iv) provide recommendations aiming at the development of a circular bioeconomy (CBE) in the region. To that end, a systematic review of the existing academic literature was done, and reports from relevant non-peer reviewed sources were also consulted. CBE practices in LAC are concentrated in only a few of the countries in the region and very much revolve around recovering value from by-products and waste streams. There are a range of economic, technological, environmental, and social barriers. Opportunities for a CBE are mainly related to the use of waste as raw material (found abundantly in the countries being investigated) and the use of new techniques/technologies. The gaps between the current state and a successful CBE are related to policy, scaling-up, collaborations, and establishing efficient business models. Recommendations for a successful CBE in the region include greater engagement of public actors, investing and developing the local economy, establishing biorefineries and industrial parks, and finding new technological routes for bioresources. © 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Bioeconomy Circular bioeconomy Circular business Circular economy Latin America Policy

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