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Effect of natural rubber latex adhesive content on the physical and mechanical properties of agriboard from cassava stem wastes

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2563卷 040005页

作者： Nana Aprilliana Wahyu Hidayat Sandi Asmara Muhammad Adly Rahandi Lubis Samsul Bakri Sri Hidayati Graduate Program of Environmental Science Universitas Lampung Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1 Bandar Lampung 35145 Lampung Indonesia Department of Forestry Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung. Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1 Bandar Lampung 35145 Lampung Indonesia Department of Agricultural Engineering Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1 Bandar Lampung 35145 Lampung Indonesia Research Center for Biomaterials Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Jl. Raya Bogor Km. 46 Cibinong Bogor 16911 West Java Indonesia Department of Agricultural Product Technology Faculty of Agriculture University of Lampung Jl. Sumantri Brojonegoro 1 Bandar Lampung 35145 Lampung Indonesia

Indonesia is one of the largest cassava producers globally, where the cassava wastes have not been optimally utilized yet. Cassava stems are lignocellulosic materials that are potential as raw materials for composite boards. This study aims to determine the effect of the adhesive content of Natural Rubber Latex (NRL) adhesive on the physical and mechanical properties of particleboard from the waste of cassava stems (agriboard). The NRL-based adhesives were formulated from natural rubber, poly(vinyl) alcohol, and isocyanate. The levels of NRL adhesive used were 10%, 15%, and 20%. The agriboard panels were prepared with a size of 400 mm×400 mm×10 mm and a target density of 0.7 g/cm3. The board was hot-pressed at 60°C under 10 MPa of pressure for 30 minutes. Evaluation of physical and mechanical properties was done according to JIS 5908-2003 standard. The results showed that the density of agriboard ranged from 0.65–0.74 g/cm3, and the moisture content was around 4.51–5.34%. Water absorption and thickness swelling of agriboard panel ranged from 61.84–70.84% and 23.67–28.77%, respectively. The results revealed that the dimensional stability of agriboard increased with the higher adhesive content, indicating that the urethane linkages produced from the reaction between –NCO of isocyanate and –OH of cassava stems enhanced the adhesion strength of the panel. The MOE and MOR values of agriboard were in the range of 229.20-331.38 MPa and 2.49-3.13 MPa, respectively. The mechanical properties of the panel also increased with higher adhesive content, and the optimum result was obtained by using 20% of adhesive content. In addition, the NRL-bonded panel did not emit formaldehyde, as the panel did not bond with formaldehyde-based adhesives. The results showed that cassava stems and NRL adhesive could be used as an alternative composite product that is renewable and environmentally friendly, particularly for non-structural and interior applications. Keywords: cassava stem, compos

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The modeling of 80 mm diameter cross flow turbine runner for mini/microhydro environmentally friendly power plant

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Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2019年第1期1217卷 012013-012013页

作者： Purwanto Budiyono Hermawan Environmental Doctorate of Diponegoro University Post Graduate Program Semarang Indonesia Vocational School of Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia Electrical Engineering Department Faculty of Engineering Diponegoro University Semarang Indonesia

Indonesian river’s potentials on Mini or Microhydro fuelled power plants has not been maximally explored despite its big potentials of utilization. The 500 MW energy potentials of Mini or Microhydro throughout Indonesia have only reached the point of 4.5% while National Energy Management Blueprint in 2050 targeted 31% of renewable energy (RE) is coming from Micro hydro energy. The applications of 80 mm diameter cross flow turbine in a household scale have drawn an increase in its experience with 450 Watts of power produced through small discharge of 20 liters/second and 3-meter head. Cross flow turbines testing in 130 mm length and 80 mm diameter conducted using Mini / micro hydropower Plant in environmentally friendly power House drum. Lower investment and operational design cost also to be made on its aim to reach community group or individual segments.

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Is there any linkage between interstellar aldehyde and alcohol?

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Mondal, Suman Kumar Gorai, Prasanta Sil, Milan Ghosh, Rana Etim, Emmanuel E. Chakrabarti, Sandip K. Shimonishi, Takashi Nakatani, Naoki Furuya, Kenji Tan, Jonathan C. Das, Ankan Indian Centre for Space Physics 43 Chalantika Garia Station Road Kolkata700084 India Department of Space Earth and Environment Chalmers University of Technology GothenburgSE-412 96 Sweden Department of Chemical Sciences Federal University Wukari Katsina-Ala Road P.M.B. 1020 Taraba State Wukari Nigeria Center for Transdisciplinary Research Niigata University Nishi-ku Niigata950-2181 Japan Environmental Science Program Department of Science Faculty of Science Niigata University Nishi-ku Niigata950-2181 Japan Institute for Catalysis Hokkaido University N21W10 Kita-ku Hokkaido Sapporo001-0021 Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Department of Astronomy University of Virginia CharlottesvilleVA22904 United States Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science and Engineering Tokyo Metropolitan University 1-1 Minami-Osawa Hachioji Tokyo192-0397 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Tokyo181-8588 Japan

It is speculated that there might be some linkage between interstellar aldehydes and their corresponding alcohols. Here, an observational study and astrochemical modeling are coupled together to illustrate the connection between them. The ALMA cycle 4 data of a hot molecular core, G10.47+0.03 is utilized for this study. Various aldehydes (acetaldehyde, propanal, and glycolaldehyde), alcohols (methanol and ethylene glycol), and a ketone (acetone) are identified in this source. The excitation temperatures and the column densities of these species were derived via the rotation diagram method assuming LTE conditions. An extensive investigation is carried out to understand the formation of these species. Six pairs of aldehyde-alcohol: i) methanal and methanol;ii) ethanal and ethanol;iii) propanal and 1-propanol;iv) propenal and allyl alcohol;v) propynal and propar gyl alcohol;vi) glycolaldehyde and ethylene glycol;vii) along with one pair of ketone-alcohol (acetone and isopropanol) and viii) ketene-alcohol (ethenone and vinyl alcohol) are considered for this study. Two succes sive hydrogenation reactions in the ice phase are examined to form these alcohols from aldehydes, ketone, and ketene, respectively. Quantum chemical methods are extensively executed to review the ice phase formation route and the kinetics of these species. Based on the obtained kinetic data, astrochemical modeling is employed to derive the abundances of these aldehydes, alcohols, ketone, and ketene in this source. It is seen that our model could successfully explain the observed abundances of various species in this hot molecular core. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Acetone

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The Ni isotopic composition of Ryugu reveals a common accretion region for carbonaceous chondrites

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Spitzer, Fridolin Kleine, Thorsten Burkhardt, Christoph Hopp, Timo Yokoyama, Tetsuya Abe, Yoshinari Aléon, Jérôme OD. Alexander, Conel M. Amari, Sachiko Amelin, Yuri Bajo, Ken-Ichi Bizzarro, Martin Bouvier, Audrey Carlson, Richard W. Chaussidon, Marc Choi, Byeon-Gak Dauphas, Nicolas Davis, Andrew M. Rocco, Tommaso Di Fujiya, Wataru Fukai, Ryota Gautam, Ikshu Haba, Makiko K. Hibiya, Yuki Hidaka, Hiroshi Homma, Hisashi Hoppe, Peter Huss, Gary R. Ichida, Kiyohiro Iizuka, Tsuyoshi Ireland, Trevor R. Ishikawa, Akira Itoh, Shoichi Kawasaki, Noriyuki Kita, Noriko T. Kitajima, Kouki Komatani, Shintaro Krot, Alexander N. Liu, Ming-Chang Masuda, Yuki Morita, Mayu Moynier, Fréderic Motomura, Kazuko Nakai, Izumi Nagashima, Kazuhide Nguyen, Ann Nittler, Larry Onose, Morihiko Pack, Andreas Park, Changkun Piani, Laurette Qin, Liping Russell, Sara S. Sakamoto, Naoya Schönbächler, Maria Tafla, Lauren Tang, Haolan Terada, Kentaro Terada, Yasuko Usui, Tomohiro Wada, Sohei Wadhwa, Meenakshi Walker, Richard J. Yamashita, Katsuyuki Yin, Qing-Zhu Yoneda, Shigekazu Young, Edward D. Yui, Hiroharu Zhang, Ai-Cheng Nakamura, Tomoki Naraoka, Hiroshi Noguchi, Takaaki Okazaki, Ryuji Sakamoto, Kanako Yabuta, Hikaru Abe, Masanao Miyazaki, Akiko Nakato, Aiko Nishimura, Masahiro Okada, Tatsuaki Yada, Toru Yogata, Kasumi Nakazawa, Satoru Saiki, Takanao Tanaka, Satoshi Terui, Fuyuto Tsuda, Yuichi Watanabe, Sei-Ichiro Yoshikawa, Makoto Tachibana, Shogo Yurimoto, Hisayoshi Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 3 Göttingen37077 Germany Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo152-8551 Japan Graduate School of Engineering Materials Science and Engineering Tokyo Denki University Tokyo120-8551 Japan Institut de Minéralogie de Physique des Matériaux et de Cosmochimie Sorbonne Université Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle CNRS UMR 7590 IRD Paris75005 France Earth and Planets Laboratory Carnegie Institution for Science WashingtonDC20015 United States McDonnell Center for the Space Sciences and Physics Department Washington University 35 St. LouisMO63130 United States Geochemical Research Center The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences GD Guangzhou510640 China Departement of Natural History Sciences Hokkaido University Sapporo001-0021 Japan Centre for Star and Planet Formation Globe Institute University of Copenhagen Copenhagen1350 Denmark Bayerisches Geoinstitut Universität Bayreuth Bayreuth95447 Germany Université Paris Cité Institut de Physique du Globe de Paris CNRS Paris75005 France Department of Earth Science Education Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Department of the Geophysical Sciences Enrico Fermi Institute The University of Chicago 5734 South Ellis Avenue Chicago60637 United States Faculty of Geosciences and Geography University of Göttingen GöttingenD-37077 Germany Faculty of Science Ibaraki University Mito310-8512 Japan ISAS/JSEC JAXA Sagamihara252-5210 Japan Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology The University of Tokyo Tokyo153-8904 Japan Research Institute for Marine Resources Utilization Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology Kanagawa237-0061 Japan Departement of Earth and Planetary Sciences Nagoya University Nagoya464-8601 Japan Osaka Application Laboratory SBUWDX Rigaku Corporation Osaka569-1

The isotopic compositions of samples returned from Cb-type asteroid Ryugu and Ivuna-type (CI) chondrites are distinct from other carbonaceous chondrites, which has led to the suggestion that Ryugu/CI chondrites formed in a different region of the accretion disk, possibly around the orbits of Uranus and Neptune. We show that, like for Fe, Ryugu and CI chondrites also have indistinguishable Ni isotope anomalies, which differ from those of other carbonaceous chondrites. We propose that this unique Fe and Ni isotopic composition reflects different accretion efficiencies of small FeNi metal grains among the carbonaceous chondrite parent bodies. The CI chondrites incorporated these grains more efficiently, possibly because they formed at the end of the disk’s lifetime, when planetesimal formation was also triggered by photoevaporation of the disk. Isotopic variations among carbonaceous chondrites may thus reflect fractionation of distinct dust components from a common reservoir, implying CI chondrites/Ryugu may have formed in the same region of the accretion disk as other carbonaceous chondrites. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Nickel

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Assessment on Improvement of Early Detection Systems in Electrical Rooms of High-Tech Facilities

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Procedia engineering 2018年 211卷 235-246页

作者： Yu-Jen Chen Chi-Min Shu San-Ping Ho Hsin-Hsiu Ho Hue-Pei Chang Doctoral Program Graduate school of Engineering Science and Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology Douliou Yunlin Taiwan 64002 Department of Safety Health and Environmental Engineering YunTech Douliou Yunlin Taiwan 64002 Department of Occupational Safety and Health Chang Jung Christian University Tainan Taiwan 71101

Past air sampling detection (ASD) systems had no definitive positioning; most allocation of sampling points was based on experience. This research discovered that sampling points inside the electrical rooms were significantly affected by the ambient airflow, causing the detection system to have difficulties in fire detection. Fire dynamics simulator (FDS) was used to simulate very early smoke detection apparatus (VESDA) effectiveness within the protection area of an electrical room. Results showed that ASD sampling points in electrical rooms should be placed above high-voltage transformers and capacitors, while rearranging the high risk machines together to avoid long detection pipelines, which increases the transportation time of the gas, thus hindering early detection by the ASD system. Field tests using a smoke detector tester yielded transportation times of 33 s, which was in very good agreement with the simulated results of 35 s by ASPIRE, showing the accuracy of using software to simulate transportation times. Therefore, this research combined FDS with the transportation times of different pipeline designs to conduct performance assessment of VESDA. After appropriate rearrangement of machines, VESDA detection times dropped from 106.0–171.0 s during the original setup to 21.0–31.7 s, assuring the facility to have more time for emergency response. However, it was noticed that FDS software did not have the estimation tool for VESDA transportation times; therefore software such as ASPIRE should be used to calculate the gas transportation times inside the detection pipelines, and then compiled with FDS results to avoid underestimation of actuation times.

关键词： electrical rooms transportation time fire dynamics dimulator vesda aspire

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Unequal access to social, environmental and health amenities in US urban parks

Nature Cities

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Nature Cities 2024年 861-870页

作者： Richelle L. Winkler Jeffrey A. G. Clark Dexter H. Locke Peleg Kremer Myla F. J. Aronson Fushcia-Ann Hoover Hogyeum Evan Joo Daniele La Rosa KangJae Jerry Lee Susannah B. Lerman Hamil Pearsall Timothy L. V. Vargo Charles H. Nilon Christopher A. Lepczyk United States Department of Agriculture Economic Research Service Kansas City MO USA Natural Areas Conservancy New York NY USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Baltimore MD USA Department of Geography and the Environment Villanova University Villanova PA USA Department of Ecology Evolution and Natural Resources Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USA Department of Earth Environmental and Geographical Sciences University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC USA Graduate Program in Ecology and Evolution Rutgers The State University of New Jersey New Brunswick NJ USA Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture University of Catania Catania Italy Department of Parks Recreation and Tourism University of Utah Salt Lake City UT USA USDA Forest Service Northern Research Station Amherst MA USA Department of Geography and Urban Studies Temple University Philadelphia PA USA Urban Ecology Center Milwaukee WI USA School of Natural Resources University of Missouri Columbia MO USA College of Forestry Wildlife and Environment Auburn University Auburn AL USA

Urban parks provide vital social, environmental and health benefits to residents. However, the spatial distribution of parks, and the amenities they provide, may not be equitably distributed within cities. We examine the accessibility of urban parks with different social, environmental and health amenities by race and ethnicity. We identified 122,988 urban parks across the USA, measured the racial/ethnic population distribution within a 10-min walkshed around each park and compared these distributions to the overall demographics of the city. We found that the spatial distribution of parks as well as park amenities differ according to the neighborhood demographics. Racial/ethnic compositions of neighborhoods surrounding parks tend to be whiter than other parts of the same cities, though there are regional differences. Parks in predominantly white neighborhoods are cooler in the summer and have more tree cover compared with parks in neighborhoods with greater proportions of Hispanic and Black residents. Differences in amenities hold across regions of the country. Our study demonstrates that inequities in access to high-quality parks are widespread across the USA.

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Publisher Correction: Firn on ice sheets

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Nature Reviews Earth & Environment 2024年 330页

作者： Charles Amory Christo Buizert Sammie Buzzard Elizabeth Case Nicole Clerx Riley Culberg Rajashree Tri Datta Devon Dunmire Jan T. M. Lenaerts Megan Thompson-Munson Nander Wever Rahul Dey Reinhard Drews Falk M. Oraschewski Clare Eayrs Nicolaj Hansen Sebastian B. Simonsen Angelika Humbert Athul Kaitheri Kaitlin Keegan Ian McDowell Peter Kuipers Munneke Stef Lhermitte Sophie de Roda Husman Bert Wouters Doug Mair Jessica Mejia Colin R. Meyer Elizabeth Morris Dorothea Moser Elizabeth R. Thomas Emma Pearce Nicole-Jeanne Schlegel Timm Schultz C. Max Stevens Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement University Grenoble Alpes CNRS Grenoble France College of Earth Ocean and Atmospheric Sciences Oregon State University Corvallis OR USA School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Cardiff University Cardiff UK Department of Geography and Environmental Sciences Northumbria University Newcastle upon Tyne UK Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Columbia University NY USA Department of Geosciences Université de Fribourg Fribourg Switzerland Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences Cornell University Ithaca NY USA Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES) University of Colorado Boulder Boulder CO USA WSL Institute for Snow and Avalanche Research SLF Davos Switzerland National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research (NCPOR) Ministry of Earth Sciences Vasco da Gama Goa India Department of Geosciences University of Tübingen Tübingen Germany Center for Global Sea Level Change New York University Abu Dhabi Abu Dhabi UAE Department of Glacial Environment Research Korea Polar Research Institute Incheon Republic of Korea Geodesy and Earth Observation DTU Space Technical University of Denmark Kongens Lyngby Denmark Danish Meteorological Institute Copenhagen Denmark Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Bremerhaven Germany Faculty of Geosciences University of Bremen Bremen Germany Observatoire de la Côte d’Azur Université Côte d’Azur CNRS Valbonne France Department of Geological Sciences and Engineering University of Nevada Reno USA Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences University of Nevada Reno NV USA Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research (IMAU) Utrecht University Utrecht The Netherlands Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences KU Leuven Leuven Belgium Department of Geoscience and Remote Sensing Delft University of Technology (TUDel

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Electromagnetic Optimization Based on Gaussian Crow Search Approach

Electromagnetic Optimization Based on Gaussian Crow Search A...

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2018 International Symposium on Power Electronics, Electrical Drives, Automation and Motion, SPEEDAM 2018

作者： Dos Santos Coelho, Leandro Klein, Carlos Eduardo Mariani, Viviana Cocco Do Nascimento, Carlos Augusto Richter Askarzadeh, Alireza PUCPR Industrial and Systems Eng. Graduate Program PPGEPS Federal University of Parana UFPR Department of Electrical Engineering DEE/PPGEE Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba PR Brazil PUCPR Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program PPGEM Curitiba Pontifical Catholic University of Parana PR Brazil Department of Energy Management and Optimization Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences Graduate University of Advanced Technology Kerman Iran

ISBN: (纸本)9781538649411

Metaheuristic algorithms have provided efficient tools to designers by which it became possible to determine the optimum solutions of optimization problems encountered in several fields such as engineering, finance and computation. Generally metaheuristics are based on metaphors that are taken from nature or some other processes. Recently, an optimization metaheuristic paradigm based on the social behavior of the crows, called crow search algorithm (CSA), has been proposed. The idea of CSA is motivated from the storing process of the excess food in hiding places then restoring it in the necessary time. The CSA has many favorable characteristics, such as ease of implementation, the need to adjust only a few parameters, a favorable balance between search diversification and intensification, and fast convergence and high sensitivity. However, to enhance the performance of the standard CSA approach, this paper proposes to tune the control parameters using population diversity information and normal (Gaussian) probability distribution function. Loney's solenoid benchmark and circular antenna array design problems are used to evaluate the effectiveness of the conventional CSA and the proposed variant. Simulation results and comparisons with the CSA demonstrated that the performance of the proposed MCSA approach is promising in electromagnetics optimization. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Optimization

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Correction to: High-frequency measurements of gas ebullition in a Brazilian subtropical reservoir-identification of relevant triggers and seasonal patterns

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environmental monitoring and assessment 2019年第7期191卷 450页

作者： Lediane Marcon Tobias Bleninger Michael Männich Stephan Hilgert Graduate Program on Water Resources and Environmental Engineering (PPGERHA) Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Curitiba Brazil. lediane.engambiental@***. Department of Environmental Engineering Federal University of Parana Curitiba Brazil. Department of Aquatic Environmental Engineering Institute for Water and River Basin Management Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Karlsruhe Germany.

The original version of this article unfortunately did not contain all information in Figure 3.

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Operational Characteristics of a Geologic CO2 Storage Bulk Energy Storage Technology

SSRN

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SSRN 2019年

作者： Ogland-Hand, Jonathan D. Miranda, Marcos W. Bielicki, Jeffrey M. Adams, Benjamin M. Buscheck, Thomas A. Saar, Martin O. Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University 174 West 18th ColumbusOH43210 United States Department of Civil Environmental and Geodetic Engineering Ohio State University 2070 Neil Avenue ColumbusOH43210 United States John Glenn College of Public Affairs Ohio State University 1810 College Road ColumbusOH43210 United States Sonneggstrasse 5 Zurich8092 Switzerland Atmospheric Earth and Energy Division Physical and Life Sciences Directorate Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory LivermoreCA94550 United States

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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