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Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019

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The Lancet 2020年第10258期396卷 1204-1222页

作者： Abbafati, Cristiana Abbas, Kaja M. Abbasi, Mohammad Abbasifard, Mitra Abbasi-Kangevari, Mohsen Abbastabar, Hedayat Abd-Allah, Foad Abdelalim, Ahmed Abdollahi, Mohammad Abdollahpour, Ibrahim Abedi, Aidin Abedi, Parisa Abegaz, Kedir Hussein Abolhassani, Hassan Abosetugn, Akine Eshete Aboyans, Victor Abrams, Elissa M. Abreu, Lucas Guimarães Abrigo, Michael R.M. Abu Haimed, Abdulaziz Khalid Abualhasan, Ahmed Abu-Gharbieh, Eman Abu-Raddad, Laith Jamal Abushouk, Abdelrahman I. Acebedo, Alyssa Ackerman, Ilana N. Adabi, Maryam Adair, Tim Adamu, Abdu A. Adebayo, Oladimeji M. Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi Adekanmbi, Victor Adelson, Jaimie D. Adeoye, Abiodun Moshood Adetokunboh, Olatunji O. Adham, Davoud Advani, Shailesh M. Afarideh, Mohsen Afshari, Mahdi Afshin, Ashkan Agardh, Emilie E. Agarwal, Gina Agasthi, Pradyumna Agesa, Kareha M. Aghaali, Mohammad Aghamir, Seyed Mohammad Kazem Agrawal, Anurag Ahmad, Tauseef Ahmadi, Alireza Ahmadi, Keivan Ahmadi, Mehdi Ahmadieh, Hamid Ahmadpour, Ehsan Ahmed, Muktar Beshir Aji, Budi Akalu, Temesgen Yihunie Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola Akinyemiju, Tomi Akombi, Blessing Akunna, Chisom Joyqueenet Alahdab, Fares Al-Aly, Ziyad Alam, Khurshid Alam, Noore Alam, Samiah Alam, Tahiya Alanezi, Fahad Mashhour Alanzi, Turki M. Albertson, Samuel B. Alcalde-Rabanal, Jacqueline Elizabeth Alema, Niguse Meles Alemu, Biresaw Wassihun Alemu, Yihun Mulugeta Alhabib, Khalid F. Alhassan, Robert Kaba Ali, Muhammad Ali, Saqib Alicandro, Gianfranco Alijanzadeh, Mehran Alinia, Cyrus Alipour, Vahid Alizade, Hesam Aljunid, Syed Mohamed Alla, François Allebeck, Peter Almadi, Majid Abdulrahman Hamad Almasi, Ali Almasi-Hashiani, Amir Almasri, Nihad A. Al-Mekhlafi, Hesham M. Almulhim, Abdulaziz M. Alonso, Jordi Al-Raddadi, Rajaa M. Altirkawi, Khalid A. Alumran, Arwa Khalid Alvis-Guzman, Nelson Alvis-Zakzuk, Nelson J. Amare, Azmeraw T. Amare, Bekalu Amini, Saeed Amini-Rarani, Mostafa Aminorroaya, Arya Amiri, Fatemeh Amit, Arianna Maever L. Amugsi, Dickson A. Amul, Gianna Gayle Herrera Anbesu, Etsay Woldu Ancuceanu, Robert Anderl Department of Juridical and Economic Studies La Sapienza University Rome Italy Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London United Kingdom Social Determinants of Health Research Center Tehran Iran Department of Neurology Cairo University Cairo Egypt School of Pharmacy Tehran Iran The Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS) Tehran Iran Neuroscience Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences Isfahan Iran Biostatistics Department Near East University Nicosia Cyprus Biostatistics and Health Informatics Madda Walabu University Bale Robe Ethiopia Research Center for Immunodeficiencies Tehran Iran Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge Sweden Department of Cardiology Dupuytren University Hospital Limoges France University of Limoges Limoges France Department of Pediatric Dentistry Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte Brazil Department of Research Philippine Institute for Development Studies Quezon City Philippines Department of Healthcare Policy and Research Weill Cornell Medical College in Qatar Doha Qatar Harvard Medical School Boston MA United States Department of Medicine Ain Shams University Cairo Egypt Hamadan University of Medical Sciences Hamadan Iran School of Medicine Cardiff University Cardiff United Kingdom School of Laboratory Medicine and Science University College Hospital Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases University of Ibadan Ibadan Nigeria Centre of Excellence for Epidemiological Modelling and Analysis Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa Department of Global Health Stellenbosch University Cape Town South Africa School of Health Ardabil University of Medical Science Ardabil Iran Social Behavioral Research Branch National Institute of Health Bethesda MD United States Department of Oncology Georgetown University Washington DC DC United States Department of Health Metrics Sciences School of Medicine Seattle WA

Background: In an era of shifting global agendas and expanded emphasis on non-communicable diseases and injuries along with communicable diseases, sound evidence on trends by cause at the national level is essential. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) provides a systematic scientific assessment of published, publicly available, and contributed data on incidence, prevalence, and mortality for a mutually exclusive and collectively exhaustive list of diseases and injuries. Methods: GBD estimates incidence, prevalence, mortality, years of life lost (YLLs), years lived with disability (YLDs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) due to 369 diseases and injuries, for two sexes, and for 204 countries and territories. Input data were extracted from censuses, household surveys, civil registration and vital statistics, disease registries, health service use, air pollution monitors, satellite imaging, disease notifications, and other sources. Cause-specific death rates and cause fractions were calculated using the Cause of Death Ensemble model and spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression. Cause-specific deaths were adjusted to match the total all-cause deaths calculated as part of the GBD population, fertility, and mortality estimates. Deaths were multiplied by standard life expectancy at each age to calculate YLLs. A Bayesian meta-regression modelling tool, DisMod-MR 2.1, was used to ensure consistency between incidence, prevalence, remission, excess mortality, and cause-specific mortality for most causes. Prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights for mutually exclusive sequelae of diseases and injuries to calculate YLDs. We considered results in the context of the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator of income per capita, years of schooling, and fertility rate in females younger than 25 years. Uncertainty intervals (UIs) were generated for every metric using the 25th and 975th ordered 1000 draw value

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Facades inspection with infrared thermography: cracks evaluation

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Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2016年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： Elton Bauer Elier Pavón Elias Oliveira Claudio H. F. Pereira Post-Graduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of Brasília Brasília Brazil Centro das Ciências Exatas e das Tecnologias Post-Graduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction - UnB Universidade Federal do Oeste da Bahia-UnB Barreiras Brazil

Infrared thermography is an evaluation technique that helps to identify anomalies and can provide information on their incidence and severity. The aim of this study is to apply quantitative thermography to study a case of severe cracks in facade analyzing the evolution of temperatures and Delta-T. The temperature evolution was studied over a day. There was sun incidence occurring during part of the day, allowing to calculate and assess the evolution of the associated temperatures. Thermograms were acquired hourly during the study period. The highest temperatures were observed at 12:00 noon, and the larger Delta-T between 10:00 and 12:00. There were differences between the Delta-T profiles among the three regions studied. The best time for analysis is when Delta-T is higher. Cracks with higher Delta-T were considered more degraded, and generalized branched cracks did not allow a comparative conclusion.

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Wind-driven rain incidence parameters obtained by hygrothermal simulation

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Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2016年第1期1卷 1-7页

作者： Nascimento, M.L.M. Bauer, E. de Souza, J.S. Zanoni, V.A.G. Post-Graduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília 70910-900 DF Brazil Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília 70910-900 DF Brazil

The association of rain and wind composes wind-driven rain (WDR), and its incidence may be crucial to the emergence of anomalies on the facades of buildings. Moisture from the WDR can influence the humidification and drying process, therefore the durability and hygrothermal performance are conditioned by the amount of incident water. The quantification of WDR can be an indispensable tool for understanding its related phenomena and the service life of buildings. The most widely used methods of quantification are the semi-empirical, with theoretical basis, but coefficients partially determined from measurements. These methods may take into account the building exposure conditions related to the envelope, solar orientation, height of the building, and other parameters. In this context, in order to contribute to the studies on quantification of WDR, the purpose of this paper is to apply hygrothermal simulation software WUFI^® on quantification of WDR focusing on buildings degradation of Brasília-Brazil. For the simulation it was used a Typical Meteorological Year file with the wind and precipitation measurement data indispensable for simulation. The quantification of incidence of WDR considered the orientations North, Northeast, East, Southeast, South, Southwest, West, and Northwest. The use of semi-empirical WUFI^® quantification method allowed finding the highest values and consequently critical orientations North, Northwest, and Northeast, moreover, this results showed the relation with the degradation of facades in these orientations. WUFI proved to be an easy, fast and efficient method of WDR quantification, without hiding seasonal weather effects. © 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

关键词： Degradation Facade Hygrothermal simulation Wind-driven rain

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Study of damage distribution and intensity in regions of the facade

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Journal of Building Pathology and Rehabilitation 2016年第1期1卷 1-9页

作者： de Souza, Jessica S. Bauer, Elton Nascimento, Matheus L. M. Capuzzo, Valdirene M. S. Zanoni, Vanda A. G. Post-Graduate Program in Structures and Civil Construction Civil and Environmental Engineering Department University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília 70910-900 DF Brazil Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism University of Brasília Campus Universitário Darcy Ribeiro Asa Norte Brasília 70910-900 DF Brazil

The ceramic coating systems applied to building facades have relevant aesthetic value and protection functions. The architectural and environmental conditions can greatly influence the degradation process of the facades, which may pose risks and compromise the durability and service life of the building and its components. The degradation process of facades changes according to the region where it takes place. To this end, the present study aims to determine damage intensity and distribution in the different regions of the facade. This study investigated the facades of three buildings that are part of the Materials Testing Laboratory (LEM) database of the Universidade de Brasilia. The degradation was quantified using a methodology proposed by Silva (2014) to generate a degradation index expressed in m². After the quantification of damages, few indexes associated with the percentage of degraded area, applied to the facade regions, are presented. These weighted indexes allowed to standardize the values observed in each region. Obtaining these indices is fundamental to the study of degradation. The results show that for a comparative analysis between the regions, the observed values should be corrected for the proportionality of the area of each region in relation to the total area of the facade. It was also noted that the continuous walls are the most affected regions, but they do not always present the highest damage intensity. © 2016, Springer International Publishing Switzerland.

关键词： Damage distribution Degradation Degradation index Facades Pathology

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First characterization of the emission behavior of Mrk421 from radio to VHE gamma rays with simultaneous X-ray polarization measurements

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Abe, S. Abhir, J. Acciari, V.A. Agudo, I. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Arbet Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Artero, M. Asano, K. Babić, A. Baquero, A. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batković, I. Baxter, J. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernete, J. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Burelli, I. Busetto, G. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Carosi, A. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Cifuentes, A. Cikota, S. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D'Ammando, F. D'Amico, G. D'Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. de Menezes, R. Del Popolo, A. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fariña, L. Fattorini, A. Foffano, L. Font, L. Fröse, S. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giesbrecht Paiva, J.G. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinović, N. Gradetzke, T. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J.G. Günther, P. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hrupec, D. Hütten, M. Imazawa, R. Inada, T. Ishio, K. Jiménez Martínez, I. Jormanainen, J. Kerszberg, D. Kluge, G.W. Kobayashi, Y. Kouch, P.M. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Láinez Lezáun, M. Lamastra, A. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Linhoff, L. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Lorini, A. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Mang, N. Manganaro, M. Mangano, S. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Martínez-Chicharro, M. Mas-Aguilar, A. Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Mirzoyan, R. Molero González, M. Molina, E. Mondal, H.A. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Nakamori, T. Nanci, C. Nava, L. Neustroev, V. Nickel, L. Nievas Rosillo, M. Nigro, C. Nikolić, L. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Njoh Ekoume, T. Noda, K. Nozaki, S. The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Glorieta de la As-tronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain RomeI-00136 Italy Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik MünchenD-80805 Germany Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Zagreb10000 Croatia IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Com-plutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Departament de Física CERES IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Norway INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Catania Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia University of Catania CataniaI-95123 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento In-terateneo di Fisica Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group University of Rijeka Faculty of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany University of Geneva Chemin d'Ecogia 16 VersoixCH-1290 Switzerland Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Armenian MAGIC Group: ICRANet-Armenia Yerevan0019 Armenia Split21000 Croatia Universität Würzburg Würzb

Aims. We perform the first broadband study of Mrk 421 from radio to TeV gamma rays with simultaneous measurements of the X-ray polarization from IXPE. Methods. The data were collected within an extensive multiwavelength campaign organized between May and June 2022 using MAGIC, FermiLAT, NuSTAR, XMM-Newton, Swift, and several optical and radio telescopes to complement IXPE. Results. During the IXPE exposures, the measured 0.2-1 TeV flux is close to the quiescent state and ranges from 25% to 50% of the Crab Nebula without intra-night variability. Throughout the campaign, the VHE and X-ray emission are positively correlated at a 4σ significance level. The IXPE measurements unveil a X-ray polarization degree that is a factor of 2-5 higher than in the optical/radio bands;that implies an energy-stratified jet in which the VHE photons are emitted co-spatially with the X-rays, in the vicinity of a shock front. The June 2022 observations exhibit a rotation of the X-ray polarization angle. Despite no simultaneous VHE coverage being available during a large fraction of the swing, the Swift-XRT monitoring unveils an X-ray flux increase with a clear spectral hardening. It suggests that flares in high synchrotron peaked blazars can be accompanied by a polarization angle rotation, as observed in some flat spectrum radio quasars. Finally, during the polarization angle rotation, NuSTAR data reveal two contiguous spectral hysteresis loops in opposite directions (clockwise and counter-clockwise), implying important changes in the particle acceleration efficiency on ∼hour timescales. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Cover Picture: Interference of Seasonal Variation on the Antimicrobial and Cytotoxic Activities of the Essential Oils from the Leaves ofIryanthera polyneurain the Amazon Rain Forest (C&B 10/2019)

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Chemistry & Biodiversity 2019年第10期16卷

作者： Erika R. Martins Ingrit E. C. Díaz Mateus L. B. Paciencia Sergio A. Fana Damila Morais Marcos N. Eberlin Jefferson S. Silva Elielson R. Silveira Matheus P. Barros Ivana B. Suffredini Graduate Program in Environmental and Experimental Pathology Paulista University R. Dr. Bacelar 1212 Vila Clementino São Paulo SP 04026-002 Brazil Chemistry Engineer Department Chemistry and Textile Engineer Faculty Engineer National University Av. Tupac Amaru 290 Rimac Apartado 1301 Lima Peru Center for Research in Biodiversity Paulista University Av. Paulista 900 Bela Vista São Paulo SP 01310-100 Brazil ThomSon Laboratory Chemistry Institute Universidade de Campinas – UNICAMP Caixa Postal 6154 SP Brazil School of Engineering Mackenzie Presbyterian University R. Consolação 930 São Paulo SP 01302–907 Brazil Biological Sciences Course Paulista University R. Vergueiro 1211 São Paulo SP 01504-000 Brazil

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Development of robotic multisensor inspection system for used nuclear fuel canisters

Development of robotic multisensor inspection system for use...

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2016 Transactions of the American Nuclear Society, ANS 2016

作者： Lissenden, C.J. Motta, A.T. Brennan, Sean Reichard, Karl Jovanovic, I. Knight, T. Popovics, J. Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Applied Research Laboratory Pennsylvania State University PA16802 United States Department of Nuclear Engineering and Radiological Sciences University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Nuclear Engineering Graduate Program University of South Carolina ColumbiaSC29208 United States Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignIL61801 United States

Dry storage of used nuclear fuel is an integral part of the fuel cycle and methods to inspect the canisters that confine the used fuel rods are being established. The challenges for inspection systems include geometric constraints, elevated temperature, and radiation. A novel robotic inspection system focusing on stress corrosion cracking capable of in-situ surface composition characterization and crack detection is under development. The delivery system, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy for surface composition, and ultrasonic guided waves for crack detection are summarized herein.

关键词： Crack detection

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Multi-messenger characterization of Mrk 501 during historically low X-ray and γ-ray activity

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Abe, H. Abe, S. Acciari, V.A. Agudo, I. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Arbet Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babić, A. Baquero, A. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batković, I. Baxter, J. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bhattacharyya, W. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Burelli, I. Busetto, G. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cikota, S. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D’Amico, G. D’Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. Del Popolo, A. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Do Souto Espiñeira, E. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fallah Ramazani, V. Fariña, L. Fattorini, A. Foffano, L. Font, L. Fruck, C. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giesbrecht Paiva, J.G. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinović, N. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J.G. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hrupec, D. Hütten, M. Imazawa, R. Inada, T. Iotov, R. Ishio, K. Jiménez Martínez, I. Jormanainen, J. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Lelas, D. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Linhoff, L. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Lorini, A. Lyard, E. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Mang, N. Manganaro, M. Mangano, S. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Mas-Aguilar, A. Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Mićanović, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Mirzoyan, R. Molina, E. Mondal, H.A. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moreno, V. Nakamori, T. Nanci, C. Nava, L. Neustroev, V. Nievas Rosillo, M. Nigro, C. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Njoh Ekoume, T. Noda, K. Nozaki, S. Ohtani, Y. Oka, T. Okumura, A. The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain RomeI-00136 Italy Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Rome Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik MünchenD-80805 Germany Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Zagreb10000 Croatia IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland ZeuthenD-15738 Germany ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Armenian MAGIC Group: A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan0036 Armenia Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Norway Institute for Astro- and Particle Physics University of Innsbruck InnsbruckA-6020 Austria INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Catania Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia University of Catania CataniaI-95123 Italy Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy INFN MAGIC Group: INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Rijeka Faculty of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany Naturwissenschaftliches Labor für Schüler am FKG Friedrich-Koenig-Gymnasium WürzburgD-97082 Germany University of Geneva Chemin d’Ecog

We study the broadband emission of Mrk 501 using multi-wavelength observations from 2017 to 2020 performed with a multitude of instruments, involving, among others, MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, NuSTAR, Swift, GASP-WEBT, and OVRO. Mrk 501 showed an extremely low broadband activity, which may help to unravel its baseline emission. Nonetheless, significant flux variations are detected at all wavebands, with the highest occurring at X-rays and very-high-energy (VHE) γ-rays. A significant correlation (>3σ) between X-rays and VHE γ-rays is measured, supporting leptonic scenarios to explain the variable parts of the emission, also during low activity. This is further supported when we extend our data from 2008 to 2020, and identify, for the first time, significant correlations between Swift-XRT and Fermi-LAT. We additionally find correlations between high-energy γ-rays and radio, with the radio lagging by more than 100 days, placing the γ-ray emission zone upstream of the radio-bright regions in the jet. Furthermore, Mrk 501 showed a historically low activity in X-rays and VHE γ-rays from mid-2017 to mid-2019 with a stable VHE flux (>0.2 TeV) of 5% the emission of the Crab Nebula. The broadband spectral energy distribution (SED) of this 2-year-long low-state, the potential baseline emission of Mrk 501, can be characterized with one-zone leptonic models, and with (lepto)-hadronic models fulfilling neutrino flux constraints from IceCube. We explore the time evolution of the SED towards the low-state, revealing that the stable baseline emission may be ascribed to a standing shock, and the variable emission to an additional expanding or traveling shock. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Author Correction: Genomic footprints of activated telomere maintenance mechanisms in cancer (Dec, 10.1038/s41467-019-13824-9, 2022)

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NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 2022年第1期13卷 1-1页

作者： Sieverling, Lina Hong, Chen Koser, Sandra D. Ginsbach, Philip Kleinheinz, Kortine Hutter, Barbara Braun, Delia M. Cortes-Ciriano, Isidro Xi, Ruibin Kabbe, Rolf Park, Peter J. Eils, Roland Schlesner, Matthias Brors, Benedikt Rippe, Karsten Jones, David T. W. Feuerbach, Lars Division of Applied Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Biosciences Heidelberg University 69120 Heidelberg Germany Division of Applied Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Faculty of Biosciences Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department for Bioinformatics and Functional Genomics Institute for Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology (IPMB) and BioQuant 69120 Heidelberg Germany Division of Theoretical Bioinformatics German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology and BioQuant Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Heidelberg Germany National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg Heidelberg Germany Heidelberg Center for Personalized Oncology (DKFZ-HIPO) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany Division of Chromatin Networks German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and BioQuant 69120 Heidelberg Germany Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Chemistry Centre for Molecular Science Informatics University of Cambridge Cambridge CB2 1EW UK Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School Boston Massachusetts 02115 USA Department of Biomedical Informatics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Chemistry Centre for Molecular Science Informatics University of Cambridge Cambridge UK Ludwig Center at Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA School of Mathematical Sciences and Center for Statistical Science Peking University Beijing 100871 China Heidelberg University Heidelberg Germany New BIH Digital Health Center Berlin Institute of Health (BIH) and Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin Berlin Germany Bioi

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Correction to: A two million year record of low-latitude aridity linked to continental weathering from the Maldives

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Progress in Earth and Planetary Science 2019年第1期6卷 1-1页

作者： Kunkelova, Tereza Jung, Simon J. A. de Leau, Erica S. Odling, Nick Thomas, Alex L. Betzler, Christian Eberli, Gregor P. Alvarez-Zarikian, Carlos A. Alonso-García, Montserrat Bialik, Or M. Blättler, Clara L. Guo, Junhua Adam Haffen, Sébastien Horozal, Senay Mee, Anna Ling Hui Inoue, Mayuri Jovane, Luigi Lanci, Luca Laya, Juan Carlos Lüdmann, Thomas Bejugam, Nagender N. Nakakuni, Masatoshi Niino, Kaoru Petruny, Loren M. Pratiwi, Santi D. Reijmer, John J. G. Reolid, Jesús Slagle, Angela L. Sloss, Craig R. Su, Xiang Swart, Peter K. Wright, James D. Yao, Zhengquan Young, Jeremy R. Lindhorst, Sebastian Stainbank, Stephanie Rueggeberg, Andres Spezzaferri, Silvia Carrasqueira, Igor Yu, Siyao Kroon, Dick School of GeoSciences Grant Institute University of Edinburgh Edinburgh UK Institute of Geology CEN University of Hamburg Hamburg Germany Department of Marine Geosciences Rosenstiel School of Marine & Atmospheric Science University of Miami Miami USA International Ocean Discovery Program Texas A&M University College Station USA Instituto Português do Mar e da Atmosfera (IPMA) Divisão de Geologia e Georecursos Marinhos Rua Alfredo Magalhães Ramalhoi 6 1495-006 Lisboa Centro de Ciências do Mar (CCMAR) Universidade do Algarve Faro Portugal Dr. Moses Strauss Department of Marine Geosciences The Leon H. Charney School of Marine Sciences University of Haifa Carmel Israel Department of Geosciences Princeton University Princeton USA Department of Geological Sciences California State University Bakersfield Bakersfield USA Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Géologie Universite de Lorraine Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy France Petroleum and Marine Research Division Korea Institute of Geoscience & Mineral Resoursces (KIGAM) Daejeon South Korea Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Okayama University Okayama Japan Instituto Oceanográfico da Universidade de São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Department of Pure and Applied Science Università di Urbino “Carlo Bò” Urbino Italy Department of Geology and Geophysics Texas A&M University College Station USA Geological Oceanography Division CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography Dona Paula India Department of Environmental Engineering for Symbiosis Soka University Hachioji-shi Japan Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University Yamagata Japan Environmental Science and Policy Department George Mason University Fairfax USA Department of Geosciences Geological Engineering Faculty Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor Indonesia College of Petroleum Engineering and Geosciences King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia University Palisades USA Earth

In the original version of this article (Kunkelova et al. 2018), published on 18 December 2018, there was 1 error in the author name of Dr. Yu.

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