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Comparison of solid-state anaerobic digestion to composting of yard trimmings with effluent from liquid anaerobic digestion: Effect of total solids content and feedstock to effluent ratio

Comparison of solid-state anaerobic digestion to composting ...

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American Society of Agricultural and Biological Engineers Annual International Meeting 2014, ASABE 2014

作者： Lin, Long Yang, Liangcheng Xu, Fuqing Michel, Frederick C. Li, Yebo Department of Food Agricultural and Biological Engineering Ohio State University Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center 1680 Madison Ave. WoosterOH44691 United States Environmental Science Graduate Program Ohio State University WoosterOH United States

ISBN: (纸本)9781632668455

Solid-state anaerobic digestion (SS-AD) and composting of yard trimmings with effluent from liquid anaerobic digestion were compared at a range of total solids (TS) contents and feedstock to effluent (F/E) ratios under thermophilic condition. For SS-AD, TS contents of 22%, 25%, and 30% were studied, while for composting TS contents of 35%, 45%, and 55% were sued. Experiments were conducted at various feedstock to effluent (F/E) ratios including 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6. High TS content negatively affected degradation rates as indicated by low biogas and carbon dioxide yields for SS-AD and composting, respectively. In composting, the greatest carbon loss was obtained at 35% TS, which was 2-3 times of that at 55% TS and was up to 50% higher than that in SS-AD. In SS-AD, over half of the degraded carbon was converted to methane with the greatest methane yield of 121 L/kg VSfeedstock obtained at 22% TS. Methane production from SS-AD was low at low F/E ratios (i.e. 2 and 3), likely due to inhibitory effects of high concentrations of ammonia nitrogen (up to 5.6 g/kg N). Nitrogen-rich (N, P, K) end products with similar N-P-K values but different dominant forms of nitrogen were generated from SS-AD and composting.

关键词： Biogas

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Analytical and experimental studies on human body communication between wristwatch and handheld devices using muscle homogenous phantom at 10 MHz

Analytical and experimental studies on human body communicat...

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作者： Muramatsu, Dairoku Koshiji, Fukuro Koshiji, Kohji Sasaki, Ken Department of Human and Engineered Environmental Studies Graduate School of Frontier Science University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwano-ha Kashiwa-shi Chiba277-8563 Japan Program in Electrical Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kokushikan University 4-28-1 Setagaya Setagaya-ku Tokyo154-8515 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering Graduate School of Science and Technology Tokyo University of Science 2641 Yamazaki Noda-shi Chiba278-8510 Japan

In human body communication, it is important to investigate the input impedance characteristics of electrodes and transmission characteristics between transceivers for improving the qualities of communication and reducing power consumption. In this work, we studied the input impedance characteristics and transmission characteristics between a wristwatch device and a handheld device using both a three-dimensional electromagnetic field simulation and experiment at 10 MHz. The input impedance and transmission characteristics obtained from the simulation using a muscle homogenous model and those obtained from the measurement using a muscle-tissue-equivalent phantom showed good consistency. The calculated electric field around a human arm decreased as it moved away from the surface of the arm. This distribution of the electric field showed the advantages of human body communication, which are confidential communication and electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Moreover, power consumption at the feeding point of the system was calculated from the transmission characteristics obtained from the simulation. This result indicated that human body communication achieves low-power consumption.

关键词： Electrodes

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Model Predictions for New Iron Ore Sintering Process Technology Based on Biomass and Gaseous Fuels

Model Predictions for New Iron Ore Sintering Process Technol...

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2014 3rd International Conference on Micro Nano Devices,Structure and Computing Systems(MNDSCS 2014)

作者： Jose Adilson de Castro Federal Fluminense University-Graduate Program on Mechanical Engineering-Volta Redonda Environmental Metallurgy Laboratory (IML) Graduate Institute of Ferrous Technology (GIFT)-Pohang University of Science and Technology

In this paper a new technology for a compact iron ore sintering machine is *** compact sintering process is based on the massive injection of gaseous fuels and the solid fuel is only agglomerated fine charcoal obtained by *** solid fuel used in this study is obtained by agglomeration of fine charcoal produced from elephant glass which has very short period for production and CO capture（less than 6 months in tropical climate）.To overcome the lower heat supply into the combustion front of the sintering process the simultaneous injection of oxygen and gaseous fuel is *** proposed methodology is to combine the solid fuel（agglomerated fines charcoal） and steelworks gases in a compact machine to enhance heat and mass transfer with high productivity（about 5 times the conventional large machine）.A multiphase mathematical model based on transport equations of momentum,energy and chemical species coupled with chemical reaction rates and phase transformations is used to analyze the inner process parameters.A base case representing a possible actual industrial operation of the sintering machine is used in order to compare different scenarios of practicable operations which represents advanced operations *** model was used to predict six cases of combined operation with biomass and fuel gas utilization:a)Scenario 01 and 02:Wind boxes inflow from N01-N10 of rich mixture of natural gas（NG） +Air+O,b) Scenario 03 and 04:Wind boxes inflow from N01-N10 of rich mixture of coke oven gas（COG）+Air +O,c) Scenario 05 and 06:Wind boxes inflow from N01-N10 of mixture of COG+BFG+Air+*** model predictions indicated that for all cases,the sintering zone is enlarged and the solid fuel consumption is *** order to maximize the steelworks gas utilization it is recommended the use of mixture of COG and BFG with optimum inner temperature distribution within a compact sintering machine（in this study was the scenario 05）,which enhance the productivity keep

关键词： Sintering process Multiphase modeling Gaseous fuels Biomass

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Application of In-line High Shear Mixing Process in the OxidativeAdsorptive Desulfurization of Diesel Fuel

Application of In-line High Shear Mixing Process in the Oxid...

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2014 3rd International Conference on Environment Energy and Biotechnology

作者： Mark Daniel G.de Luna Raymond A.Dayrit Meng-Wei Wan Environmental Engineering Graduate Program University of the PhilippinesDiliman 1101Quezon CityPhilippines Department of Chemical Engineering University of the PhilippinesDiliman1101Quezon CityPhilippine Department of Environmental Engineering and Science Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science

The removal of sulfur from diesel fuel has attracted the attention of many researchers due to the more stringent regulations imposed on the allowable sulfur content of diesel in many *** regulations in the Philippines have set the allowable sulfur content of diesel to less than 50ppm by *** using in-line mixing followed by adsorption is a promising desulfurization technology that can be *** paper presents the results of experimental investigations of oxidative desulfurization of diesel fuel using continuous high-shear mixing CSTR and in-line mixing *** was used for fixed-bed adsorption of oxidized sulfur *** effects oxidation parameters namely reaction temperature,high shear mixing speed,diesel flow rate on sulfur removal were *** 82%sulfur removal,in-line mixing flow rate was 500 ml/min while CSTR flow rate was 360 ml/30 min(12ml/min).Optimal oxidation operating parameters using Box-Behnken Design were 18000 rpm high shear mixing speed,500 ml per min of diesel and 300 ml per min of hydrogen *** the amount of adsorbent alumina from 5 to 15 g decreases the residual sulfur in diesel fuel from 265 to 30 ppm at 70°*** this study,the sulfur content of diesel fuel was reduced from 1480.4 ppm to 30 ppm which is well within the limit of 50 ppm for Euro IV standard.

关键词： box-behnken design,continuous high shear mixer,oxidative desulfurization,UAOD

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Monitoring Heat Waves and Their Impacts on Summer Crop Development in Southern Brazil

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Agricultural Sciences 2014年第4期5卷 353-364页

作者： Anibal Gusso Jorge Ricardo Ducati Mauricio Roberto Veronez Victor Sommer Luiz Gonzaga da Silveira Junior Environmental Engineering Vale do Rio dos Sinos University(UNISINOS)Sao LeopoldoBrazil Center for Remote Sensing and Meteorological Research Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil VizLab-Advanced Visualization Laboratory Vale do Rio dos Sinos University(UNISINOS)Sao LeopoldoBrazil Astronomy Department Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul(UFRGS)Porto AlegreBrazil Graduate Program in Geology Vale do Rio dos Sinos University(UNISINOS)Sao LeopoldoBrazil Crop Breeding Foundation(Fundacao Pró-Sementes) Passo FundoBrazil Graduate Program in Applied Computing Vale do Rio dos Sinos University(UNISINOS)São LeopoldoBrazil

Periods in the soybean summer cycle that are sensitive to the occurrence of high temperatures were studied. An analysis was performed on the variability of soybean yields associated with crop canopy temperatures during key development periods. A land surface temperature (LST) data series from MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) on the Aqua satellite was processed between 2003 and 2012 that covered the entire state of Rio Grande do Sul, in Brazil. Enhanced vegetation index (EVI) data from MODIS on the Terra satellite were used to monitor the LST during different phenological stages. Spatially interpolated maps of soybean yield distributions were generated using data obtained from Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) at state and municipality levels. The results indicate that canopy-LST occurrence in mid-February, during the grain filling, is most correlated to yield reduction (R2 = 0.82 and RMSD = 14.4%). At the state level, the average yield is 2003 kg·ha-1 with a standard deviation of 308 kg·ha-1. The overall average of the canopy-LST is 305.0 K (31.8°C) with a standard deviation of 1.9 K. The slope of the downward linear relationship between canopy-LST and yield was -28.7%. These results indicate that monitoring heat wave events can provide important information for characterising agriculture vulnerability.

关键词： Land Surface Temperature Soybean Remote Sensing Canopy Vegetation Index MODIS Data

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Author Correction: Long-term carbon sink in Borneo's forests halted by drought and vulnerable to edges

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Nature communications 2018年第1期9卷 342页

作者： Lan Qie Simon L Lewis Martin J P Sullivan Gabriela Lopez-Gonzalez Georgia C Pickavance Terry Sunderland Peter Ashton Wannes Hubau Kamariah Abu Salim Shin-Ichiro Aiba Lindsay F Banin Nicholas Berry Francis Q Brearley David F R P Burslem Martin Dančák Stuart J Davies Gabriella Fredriksson Keith C Hamer Radim Hédl Lip Khoon Kho Kanehiro Kitayama Haruni Krisnawati Stanislav Lhota Yadvinder Malhi Colin Maycock Faizah Metali Edi Mirmanto Laszlo Nagy Reuben Nilus Robert Ong Colin A Pendry Axel Dalberg Poulsen Richard B Primack Ervan Rutishauser Ismayadi Samsoedin Bernaulus Saragih Plinio Sist J W Ferry Slik Rahayu Sukmaria Sukri Martin Svátek Sylvester Tan Aiyen Tjoa Mark van Nieuwstadt Ronald R E Vernimmen Ishak Yassir Petra Susan Kidd Muhammad Fitriadi Nur Khalish Hafizhah Ideris Rafizah Mat Serudin Layla Syaznie Abdullah Lim Muhammad Shahruney Saparudin Oliver L Phillips School of Geography University of Leeds LS2 9JT Leeds UK. qie.lan@***. Department of Life Sciences Imperial College London Silwood Park Campus SL5 7PY Ascot UK. qie.lan@***. School of Geography University of Leeds LS2 9JT Leeds UK. Department of Geography University College London WC1E 6BT London UK. Center for International Forestry Research Jl. CIFOR Situ Gede 16115 Bogor (Barat) Indonesia. School of Environmental and Marine Science James Cook University 1 James Cook Dr Townsville City QLD 4811 Australia. Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Harvard University 22 Divinity Avenue Cambridge MA 02138 USA. Laboratory for wood Biology and Xylarium Royal Museum for Central Africa Leuvensesteenweg 13 3080 Tervuren Belgium. Environmental and Life Sciences Programme Faculty of Science Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link BE1410 Gadong Brunei Darussalam. Graduate School of Science and Engineering Kagoshima University 890-0065 Kagoshima Japan. Centre for Ecology and Hydrology EH26 0QB Penicuik UK. Bioclimate Thorn House 5 Rose Street EH2 2PR Edinburgh UK. School of Science and the Environment Manchester Metropolitan University Chester Street M1 5GD Manchester UK. School of Biological Sciences University of Aberdeen Cruickshank Building St Machar Drive AB24 3UU Aberdeen UK. Department of Ecology & Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science Palacký University in Olomouc Šlechtitelů 27 CZ-78371 Olomouc Czech Republic. Center for Tropical Forest Science-Forest Global Earth Observatory Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute Washington DC 20013 USA. Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University 50 Nanyang Avenue 639798 Singapore Singapore. Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics University of Amsterdam 1012 WX Amsterdam The Netherlands. Pro Natura Foundation Jl. Jend. Sudirman No. 37 76112 Balikpapan Indonesia. Pan Eco SOCP Jl. Wahid Hasyim No. 51/74 20154 Medan Indonesia. School o

The original version of this Article contained an error in the third sentence of the abstract and incorrectly read "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha year (95% CI 0.14-0.72, mean period 1988-2010) above-ground live biomass", rather than the correct "Here, using long-term plot monitoring records of up to half a century, we find that intact forests in Borneo gained 0.43 Mg C ha year (95% CI 0.14-0.72, mean period 1988-2010) in above-ground live biomass carbon". This has now been corrected in both the PDF and HTML versions of the Article.

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Flor Revisited(Again):eQTL and Mutational Analysis of NB-LRR Mediated Immunity to Powdery Mildew in Barley

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第2期13卷 237-243页

作者： Roger Wise Priyanka Surana Greg Fuerst Ruo Xu Divya Mistry Julie Dickerson Dan Nettleton Corn Insects and Crop Genetics Research Unit U.S.Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research ServiceIowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Department of Plant Pathology & Microbiology Center for Plant Responses to Environmental StressesIowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Bioinformatics and Computational Biology Graduate Program Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Department of Statistics Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIowa 50011USA

Genes encoding early signaling events in pathogen defense often are identified only by their phenotype. Such genes involved in barley-powdery mildew interactions include Mla, specifying race-specific resistance; Rarl （Required for Mla12-specified resistance1）, and Roml （Restoration of Mla-specified resistancel）. The HSP90-SGT1-RAR1 complex appears to function as chaperone in MLA-specified resistance, however, much remains to be discovered regarding the precise signaling underlying plant immunity. Genetic analyses of fast-neutron mutants derived from CI 16151 （Mla6） uncovered a novel locus, designated Rar3 （R_equired for Mla6-specified resitance3）. Rar3 segregates independent of Mla6 and Rarl, and rar3 mutants are susceptible to Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei （Bgh） isolate 5874 （A VRar）, whereas, wild-type progenitor plants are resistant. Comparative expression analyses of the rar3 mutant vs. its wild-type progenitor were conducted via Barleyl GeneChip and GAIIx paired-end RNA-Seq. Whereas Rarl affects transcription of relatively few genes; Rar3 appears to influence thousands, notably in genes controlling ATP binding, catalytic activity, transcription, and phosphorylation; possibly membrane bound or in the nucleus, eQTL analysis of a segregating doubled haploid population identified over two-thousand genes as being regulated by Mla （q value/FDR=0.00001）, a subset of which are significant in Rar3 interactions. The intersection of datasets derived from mla-loss-of-function mutants, Mla-associated eQTL, and rar3-mediated transcriptome reprogramming are narrowing the focus on essential genes required for Mla-specified immunity.

关键词： eQTL transcript profiling immunity resistance signaling barley Blumeria graminis

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Influence of recycled aggregate on the rheological behavior of cement mortar

Influence of recycled aggregate on the rheological behavior ...

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14th International Conference on Non-Conventional Materials and Technologies for Sustainable engineering, NOCMAT 2013

作者： Lima, Paulo Roberto Lopes Filho, Romildo Dias Toledo Da Fonseca Martins Gomes, Otávio 1Post-graduate Program of Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Technology State University of Feira de Santana Av. Transnordestina S/N-Novo Horizonte Feira de Santana Bahia 44036-900 Brazil Civil Engineering Program/COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Centre for Mineral Technology-CETEM Av. Pedro Calmon 900 21941-908 Rio de Janeiro Brazil University of Liege GeMMe Georesources and Geoimaging Sart Tilman B52 4000 Liege Belgium

ISBN: (纸本)9783037859810

In this work it was studied the influence of recycled fine aggregate obtained from construction and demolition waste (CDW) on the rheological properties of Portland cement mortars. The CDW was initially separate in their main constituents (mortar, ceramic and concrete debris) at the laboratory and then grinded separately to the sand size in order to generate more homogeneous fine aggregates. The characterization of the natural and recycled sands was carried out through physical tests, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and image analysis (shape and texture description parameters). A conventional mortar and three mortars containing recycled sands were produced with a sand/cement ratio of 4 and consistency index of 255±5 mm. The consistency was kept constant by ranging the water-cement ratio from 0.58 to 1.14. The rheological study was performed using a rotating viscometer to obtain torque-rotation ratio and to calculate the yield stress and plastic viscosity. The results indicate that the presence of recycled aggregate causes a lowering of both yield stress and plastic viscosity with respect to the mortar containing natural aggregate. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.

关键词： Mortar

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Erratum to: The whole genome sequence of the Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), reveals insights into the biology and adaptive evolution of a highly invasive pest species

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Genome biology 2017年第1期18卷 11页

作者： Alexie Papanicolaou Marc F Schetelig Peter Arensburger Peter W Atkinson Joshua B Benoit Kostas Bourtzis Pedro Castañera John P Cavanaugh Hsu Chao Christopher Childers Ingrid Curril Huyen Dinh HarshaVardhan Doddapaneni Amanda Dolan Shannon Dugan Markus Friedrich Giuliano Gasperi Scott Geib Georgios Georgakilas Richard A Gibbs Sarah D Giers Ludvik M Gomulski Miguel González-Guzmán Ana Guillem-Amat Yi Han Artemis G Hatzigeorgiou Pedro Hernández-Crespo Daniel S T Hughes Jeffery W Jones Dimitra Karagkouni Panagiota Koskinioti Sandra L Lee Anna R Malacrida Mosè Manni Kostas Mathiopoulos Angela Meccariello Monica Munoz-Torres Shwetha C Murali Terence D Murphy Donna M Muzny Georg Oberhofer Félix Ortego Maria D Paraskevopoulou Monica Poelchau Jiaxin Qu Martin Reczko Hugh M Robertson Andrew J Rosendale Andrew E Rosselot Giuseppe Saccone Marco Salvemini Grazia Savini Patrick Schreiner Francesca Scolari Paolo Siciliano Sheina B Sim George Tsiamis Enric Ureña Ioannis S Vlachos John H Werren Ernst A Wimmer Kim C Worley Antigone Zacharopoulou Stephen Richards Alfred M Handler Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment Western Sydney University Sydney Australia. Justus-Liebig-University Giessen Institute for Insect Biotechnology 35394 Giessen Germany. Department of Biological Sciences Cal Poly Pomona Pomona CA 91768 USA. Department of Entomology and Center for Disease Vector Research University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA. Interdepartmental Graduate Program in Genetics Genomics & Bioinformatics University of California Riverside Riverside CA 92521 USA. Department of Biological Sciences University of Cincinnati Cincinnati OH 45221 USA. Insect Pest Control Laboratory Joint FAO/IAEA Programme of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture Seibersdorf Vienna Austria. Department of Environmental and Natural Resources Management University of Patras Agrinio Greece. Department of Environmental Biology Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas CSIC 28040 Madrid Spain. Human Genome Sequencing Center Department of Human and Molecular Genetics Baylor College of Medicine 77030 Houston TX USA. National Agricultural Library USDA 20705 Beltsville MD USA. Georg-August-Universität Göttingen Johann-Friedrich-Blumenbach-Institut für Zoologie und Anthropologie 37077 Göttingen Germany. Department of Biology University of Rochester 14627 Rochester NY USA. Department of Biological Sciences Wayne State University 48202 Detroit MI USA. Department of Biology and Biotechnology University of Pavia 27100 Pavia Italy. USDA-ARS Pacific Basin Agricultural Research Center 96720 Hilo HI USA. DIANA-Lab Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering University of Thessaly 382 21 Volos Greece and Hellenic Pasteur Institute 11521 Athens Greece. Department of Entomology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign 61801 Urbana IL USA. Department of Biological Sciences Oakland University 48309 Rochester MI USA. Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology University of Thessaly Larissa Greece. Department of Biology Univer

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Assessment of Paleo-hydrology and Paleo-inundation Conditions: The Process

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Procedia environmental Sciences 2014年 20卷 747-752页

作者： Pingping Luo Kaoru Takara Bin He Weili Duan Apip Daniel Nover Watanabe Tsugihiro Kenichi Nakagami Izumi Takamiya Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto University Gokasho Uji-shi Kyoto 611-0011 Japan Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto Japan AAAS Science and Technology Policy Fellow U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Global Change Research Program Washington D.C. WA USA Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Graduate School of Policy Science & College of Policy Science Ritsumeikan University Kyoto Japan Faculty of Literature Arts and Cultural Studies Kinki University Osaka Japan

Paleo-hydrology is an important study which simulates the historical hydrology at the lack of observed period, calibrated at the present period and predicted the future hydrological condition. The study of paleo-hydrology is to obtain the historical evidence for the present hydrology and improve the accuracy of the statistical analysis and the prediction modeling assessment. Paleo-inundation assessment is the study of historical inundation under flood events which occurred prior to direct measurement of hydrologic parameters using modern methods. The ultimate objectives of this study were to estimate paleo-inundation under extreme floods using historical literature and incomplete data records. This paper focused on an application of estimating historical inundation conditions under paleo-floods using modern technologies at the river basin scale.

关键词： Paleo-inundation Paleo-hydrology Nile River basin Flo-2D flood risk management

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