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REMEDIATION OF CONTAMINATED GROUND-WATER USING BIOLOGICAL TECHNIQUES

GROUND WATER MONITORING AND REMEDIATION 1989年第1期9卷 105-119页

作者： FLATHMAN, PE JERGER, DE BOTTOMLEY, LS Paul E. Flathman is senior microbiologist at O.H. Materials Corp. (P.O. Box 551 Findlay OH 45839). Flathman has more than eight years of field experience in the biological cleanup and environmental restoration of areas contaminated with petroleum hydrocarbons and other hazardous organic wastes. He has a B.S. in biology/chemistry from The Defiance College Defiance Ohio and an M.S. in microbiology from Bowling Green State University Bowling Green Ohio. The cometabolic biodegradation of anthropogenic organic compounds was the focus of his graduate research. Flathman was the 1985 recipient of the Ohio Water Pollution Control Conference's F.H. Waring A ward in recognition of outstanding achievement in the field of industrial waste control. He is a Registered Class III (Advanced) Wastewater Treatment Plant Operator (Ohio EPA) a Registered Class III (Advanced) Wastewater Laboratory Analyst (Ohio WPCA-LAC) and a Registered Microbiologist (The National Registry of Microbiologists American Academy of Microbiology). He is a member of eight professional organizations and has served as chairman and for three years as a member of the Executive Committee of the Northwest Central Ohio Section of the American Chemical Society. Flathman is also a member of three subcommittees and a task group participant of the American Society for Testing and Materials. The focus of his current research is the enhanced biodegradation of hazardous organic contaminants following spills of these materials in the environment. Douglas E. Jerger is manager of the Biorestoration Program at O.H. Materials Corp. (P. O. Box 551 Findlay OH 45839). Jerger has more than 15 years experience in environmental microbiology and bioprocess engineering with NASA—Manned Spacecraft Center Environmental Control Technology Corp. Institute of Gas Technology and University of Florida. He is currently completing research toward his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. Jerger is a member of four professional organizations and has coauthored more than 20 public

On-site biological cleanup following spills of biodegradable hazardous organic compounds in lagoon, soil, and ground water environments is a cost-effective technique when proper engineering controls are applied. Biodegradation of hazardous organic contaminants by microorganisms minimizes liability by converting toxic reactants into harmless end *** case histories presented in this paper detail:• Bench-scale evaluation of the potential for biological remediation in the spill site matrix• Field implementation of biological treatment ***-effectiveness, minimal disturbance to existing operations, and on-site destruction of spilled contaminants are several of the advantages identified for implementing biodegradation as a technique for spill cleanup and environmental restoration.

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IMPROVED LOGISTICS SUPPORT THROUGH STANDARDIZATION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第2期100卷 40-46页

作者： KINNEY, ET CONSTANT, AE Edward T. Kinney:is presently director of the Machinery Group Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea). He graduated from Michigan State University in 1952 and joined the Bureau of Ships Engineer-In-Training Program. Mr. Kinney has held a variety of technical and senior management positions in NavSea and the Naval Material Command. He has authored a number of technical articles and papers and has been a contributing author to the Naval Engineers Journal. He is a past president of the Association of Scientists and Engineers and holds membership in ASNE SNAME Federal Conference of Environmental Engineers and ASME and is chairman of the ASME Shipbuilding Standards Machinery Committee. Alexander E. Constant:is a native of Newport Rhode Island and a graduate of Pennsylvania Military College from which he received his BS degree in civil engineering in 1960. After two years with the U.S. Forest Service working in civil sanitary engineering designing recreational facilities he joined the Vermont Water Resources Department as a project engineer. He was recruited by the Navy in 1966 and he accepted a position in the Piping Systems Branch where he attained the position of director. At present he is head of the Auxiliary Equipment Division Naval Sea Systems Command where for the past six years he has been responsible for the design operation maintenance and life cycle support for the majority of the U.S. Navy's shipboard auxiliary equipment. He has been a member of U.S. and international committees on standardization and has been a delegate representing the U.S. at several meetings throughout the world.

This paper presents improvements in logistics support of hull, mechanical, and electrical (HM&E) components through standardization to the piece part level. The process of component standardization is outlined and compared with traditional HM&E acquisition approaches. The impact of standardization on logistics support is presented with case examples cited to graphically demonstrate how logistics improvements are derived. The paper also presents standardization costs and benefit analyses. A compelling case for increased HM&E standardization efforts is made from a logistics improvement perspective.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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TREATMENT OF A LANDFILL LEACHATE IN POWDERED ACTIVATED CARBON ENHANCED SEQUENCING BATCH BIOREACTORS

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environmental PROGRESS 1987年第1期6卷 1-8页

作者： YING, WC BONK, RR SOJKA, SA Occidental Chemical Corporation Grand Island Technology Center Grand Island NY 14072 Robert B. Bonk:is an associate chemist of Environmental Technology at the Grand Island Technology Center New York of Occidental Chemical Corporation. He has participated in a variety of environmental control research and development projects including biological chemical and physical processes for treating industrial wastewaters. He earned a B.S. in Chemistry from Rochester Institute of Technology and an M.B.A. from Canisius College. He is enrolled in the graduate Water Resources and Environmental Engineering program at State University of New York at Buffalo.

Addition of powdered activated carbon (PAC) significantly improved treatment of a chemical waste landfill leachate in sequencing batch bioreactors (SBRs). Concentrations for many of the monitored halogenated organic compounds in the effluent were below their respective detection limits. Excellent treatment efficiency was achieved under a variety of operating conditions: wastewater composition, feed rate, hydraulic retention time, organic loading, PAC dosages, biomass and PAC concentrations in the bioreactors. The PAC-SBR performance was unaffected when wastewater feeding was suspended during weekends and holidays. The PAC-SBR treatment cost is much lower than either that of the conventional granular activated carbon adsorption technology or the two-stage process of biodegradation and carbon treatment.

关键词： WASTEWATER

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THE IN-TANK OIL-WATER SEPARATOR

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1986年第3期98卷 209-215页

作者： WILLNER, NB DAIGNEAULT, KD Norman B. Willnerhas been employed by the Naval Sea System Command (NA VSEA) for the past five years as a program manager in the Oil Pollution Abatement Branch. His responsibilities include the design development and installation of shipboard systems to control oily waste. He is also the task leader for environmental pollution control systems for the AOE-6 and YFRT ship designs. After attending the University of Maryland Mr. Willner worked as an engineer for the National Bureau of Standards General Services Administration and the U. S. Forest Service. Mr. Willner is a member of ASNE and ASME. Kevin D. Daigneaultis currently working in the Fluid Systems Division of M. Rosenblatt & Son Inc. A graduate of Maine Maritime Academy he received a bachelor of science degree in marine engineering with a minor degree in engineering science. A U.S.C.G. licensed 3rd assistant engineer Mr. Daigneault has experience working with shipboard oil/water separator and sewage systems as well as municipal and residential pollution abatement systems. He is an ASNE member.

Recently enacted public law and international treaties prohibit the discharge of oily wastes from oceangoing ships. To comply with these laws, the U.S. Navy and the Department of Defense (DOD) have issued a directive implementing standards for the prevention of oil pollution from U.S. Navy ships. Because of unique equipment and system design requirements for combatant and auxiliary ships in the U.S. Navy, research and development (R&D) was initiated to develop oil/water separator (OWS) systems. Over the past ten years, three systems were developed that met the Navy's requirements and are currently installed aboard Navy ships. Recently, a new generation of oil/water separator was conceived. Using existing oil coalescing theory and equipment already in the fleet, an in-tank oil/water separator (ITOWS) was developed. This new separator, installed aboard a naval combatant for testing, has met or exceeded all system requirements. Following a satisfactory operational evaluation by an independent U.S. Navy test command, the ITOWS will be specified for installation aboard new U.S. Navy ships. This article reviews current U.S. Navy OWS designs and introduces the ITOWS system currently undergoing final evaluation.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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PHYSIO-CHEMICAL AND ECOLOGICAL MODELING THE FATE OF TOXIC-SUBSTANCES IN NATURAL-WATER SYSTEMS

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ECOLOGICAL MODELLING 1984年第1-4期22卷 145-170页

作者： THOMANN, RV Environmental Engineering and Science Graduate Program Manhattan College Bronx NY 10471 U.S.A.

A basic framework for the modeling of the fate of chemicals in natural water systems is presented. Both the physical/chemical and ecological fate of the substance are considered. The fully time variable equations do not present any significant insight into the general behavior of chemical fate. However, under a steady state assumption and including bottom sediment interactions, relatively simple formulations result that permit rapid calculation of the maximum concentrations that might be expected. It is shown that for a completely mixed lake the ratio of the areal loading rate of the toxicant to the water column concentration is determined by the hydraulic overflow rate and the net loss rate of the toxicant from the water column. Thus, c T = W Ta /q + w T for c T as the total toxicant concentration, W Ta as the areal loading rate of the chemical, q as the hydraulic overflow rate, and w T the net loss of the chemical. The net loss rate w T is a function of all water column and sediment decay rates and interactions. The steady state food chain model of the accumulation of a toxic chemical from both water and food sources is shown to be a means for estimating the parameters of loss and sediment interaction for a lake. The steady state case of the discharge of a chemical into a stream provides a simple means for estimating net loss rates under some reasonable assumptions. Also coupling the food chain model to the physio-chemical model permits the use of chemical concentrations in the fish to estimate the net loss of toxicant in a stream. Application is made to metals concentrations in Lakes Ontario and Michigan and to 1,4 dichlorobenzene in Lake Zurich. The theory indicates that under zero decay of the chemical in the sediment and equal partition coefficients in the sediment and the water column that the chemical in particulates form in the sediment should equal that in the water column. Metals data for Lake Ontario appears to confirm this result at least to order of ma

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RUDDER ROLL STABILIZATION FOR COAST GUARD CUTTERS AND FRIGATES

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1983年第3期95卷 267-282页

作者： BAITIS, E WOOLAVER, DA BECK, TA Dr. Erich Baitis: a native of Germany came to the David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center in 1957 as a co-operative student/trainee and received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Physics from Virginia Polytechnic Institute. As a 32-year-old naval architect in 1971 he received both the VietnamHonorServiceMedaland the Navy'sMeritoriousCivilianServiceAwardfor his eight months as liaison with the Vietnamese NAVVS ferro-cement ship program. As head of the Seakeeping and Stabilization Group of the Surface Ship Dynamics Branch his work has led to the development of a new standard Ship Motion Computer Program and the application of ship motions to ship habitability operability and survivability problems. A major area of this work has been the ship/aircraft interface which is particularly sensitive to ship motions wind and other environmental factors. Mr. Dennis A. Woolaver:has been employed as a Naval Architect at the David W. Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center since 1965 where his work has resulted in numerous patents. He received his Bachelor of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering from George Washington University where he also completed graduate work in Communication Theory. Additional fields of study include Computer Science and Personnel Management. Current efforts are directed toward surface ship motion mitigation data acquisition and statistical analysis. He is a member of the Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers. Lt. Tom A. Beck USCG: joined the UnitedStatesCoastGuardin 1966 where he trained as an Electronics Technician. He received a Bachelor of Science Degree in Electrical Engineering from Columbia University in 1978. From 1978 to 1979 he was an Electronics Project Officer at the CoastGuardElectronics Laboratory in Alexandria Virginia. Since 1980 he has been a Research and Development Project Officer in the Sensor Technology Branch of the CoastGuardsOffice of Research and Development. Lt. Beck is a member of the Institute of Electronic and Elect

The potential use of rudders as anti-roll devices has long been recognized. However, the possible interference of this secondary function of the rudder with its primary role as the steering mechanism has prevented, for many years, the development of practical rudder roll stabilizers. The practical feasibility of rudder roll stabilization has, however, in recent years been demonstrated by two systems designed and developed for operational evaluation aboard two different U.S. C oast G uard Cutters, i.e., Jarvis and Mellon of the 3,000-ton, 378-foot HAMILTON Class. The authors describe the major components of the rudder roll stabilization (RRS) system, along with the design goals and methodology as applied to these first two prototypes. In addition, a brief history of the hardware development is provided in order to show some of the lessons learned. The near flawless performance of the prototypes over the past four years of operational use in the North Pacific is documented. Results from various sea trials and reports of the ship operators are cited and discussed. The paper concludes with a discussion of the costs and benefits of roll stabilization achieved using both a modern anti-roll fin system, as well as two different performance level RRS systems. The benefits of roll stabilization are demonstrated by the relative expansion in the operational envelopes of the USS OLIVER HAZARD PERRY (FFG-7) Class. The varying levels of roll stabilization suggest that the merits of fins and RRS systems are strongly dependent on mission requirements and the environment. The demonstrated performance of the reliable RRS system offers the naval ship acquisition manager a good economical stabilization system.

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DISCUSSION by Victor W. Lambou“A Carlson–Type Trophic State Index for Nitrogen in Florida Lakes”

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JAWRA Journal of the American Water Resources Association 1982年第6期18卷 1059-1060页

作者： Brezonik, Patrick L. Kratzer, Charles R. Respectively professor of Environmental Engineering Department of Civil and Mineral Engineering University of Minnesota Minneapolis Minnesota 55455 and Graduate Student Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Program UCLA Los Angeles California 90024.

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Coordinated control and its implementation

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Process Safety Progress 1982年第2期1卷 85-90页

作者： C. S. Lin T. H. Tsai J. W. Lane Tenneco Inc. Houston Texas 77001 Cheng S. Lin:was born in Taiwan and received a BS in Mechanical Engineering at Cheng Kung University. He came to the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1959 where he received a MME in Mechanical Engineering in 1962 and a PhD in Mechanical Engineering in 1966 He spent three years at West Virginia Pulp and Paper Co. in Process Control Research three years at TRW Inc. Systems Group on the Apollo program and nine years at Bonner and Moore Assoc. installing process control systems worldwide. He joined the Operations Technologies Department of Tenneco Inc. as a Consulting Engineer in June 1980. He is a US citizen and a member of IEEE. Thomas H. Tsai:is a Managing Engineer of the Operations Technologies Department of Tenneco Inc. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the State of Calif. and is a Member of AIChE and a Senior Member of ISA. He received a BS degree in Chemical Engineering at Tunghan University of Taiwan and attended graduate school at Oklahoma State University. James W. Lane:received a BE and MS in Chemical Engineering from the University of Southern California. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the States of Tex and Calif. and is a Member of the AIChE Senior Member of the IEEE and Senior Member of the SME. For the last seven years he has been Director of the Operations Technologies Department of Tenneco Inc. a cooperate engineering group providing expertise in advanced control technology for process control energy management and environmental monitoring systems.

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Abstracts

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environmental Management 1977年第1期1卷 67-96页

作者： Frankenfeld, John W. Schulz, Wolfgang McMurty, George J. Petersen, Gary W. May, G. A. Hering, F. S. Schwartz, J. I. Heywood, J. B. Chigier, N. A. Grohse, E. W. Walker, J. D. Colwell, R. R. Petrakis, L. Pergament, H. S. Thorpe, R. D. Schoepf, Richard W. Krzyczkowski, Roman Henneman, Suzanne S. Hudson, Charles L. Putnam, Evelyn S. Thiesen, Donna J. Parks, G. A. McCarty, Perry L. Leckie, J. O. Schrumpf, Barry J. Simonson, G. H. Paine, D. P. Lawrence, R. D. Pyott, W. T. Leh, M. Elders, W. Combs, J. Caplen, T. Harrison, F. L. Wong, K. M. Heft., R. E. Charnell, Robert L. Lehmann, Edward J. Mallon, Lawrence G. Hatfield, Cecile Adams, Gerald H. Johanning, James Talvitie, Antti Noll, Kenneth E. Miller, Terry Smiarowski, Joseph F. Willis, Cleve E. Foster, John H. Schlesinger, Benjamin Daetz, Douglas Lear, Donald U. Smith, Mona F. Hundemann, Audrey S. Crockett, Pernell W. Werner, Kirk G. Carroll, Thomas E. Maase, David L. Genco, Joseph E. Ifeadi, Christopher N. Lowman, F. G. Christensen, S. W. Van Winkle, W. Mattice, J. S. Harrison, Elizabeth A. Barker, James C. Chesness, Jerry L. Smith, Ralph E. Shaheeen, Donald G. Raney, R. Keith Borton, T. Wezernak, C. T. Raney, R. K. Sherwani, Jabbor K. Moreau, David H. Eisenberg, Norman A. Lynch, Cornelius J. Breeding, Roger J. Johnson, J. D. Foster, K. E. Mouat, D. A. Clark, R. Hyden, John William Owen, Wilfred Bayfield, Neil G. Barrow, Graham C. Stolz, Stephanie B. Wienckowski, Louis A. Brown, Betram S. Keyfitz, Nathan Wilson, W. L. Newman, Peter W. G. Bammi, Deepak Bammi, Dalip Goddard, James E. Chisholm, Tony Walsh, Cliff Brennan, Geoffrey Thompson, K. S. Richardson, R. Jensen, Clayton E. Brown, Dail W. Mirabito, John A. Cowing, Thomas G. Binghamton, Suny Siehl, George H. Albrecht, O. W. Alexander, Ariel Barde, Jean -Philippe Darby, William P. McMichael, Francis Clay Dunlap, Robert W. Muckleston, Keith W. Frankenhoff, Charles A. Giulini, Lorenzo T. Wyatt, T. Black, Peter E. Keating, William Thomas Leonard, M. E. Fisher, E. L. Brunelle, M. F. Dickinson, J. E. Pethig, Rudiger Clapham Exxon Research & Engineering Co. Linden Government Research Lab Coast Guard Washington D.C. Department of Transportation Washington D.C. Office For Remote Sensing of Earth Resources. NASA Earth Resources Survey Program Pennsylvania State University Washington D.C. Department of the Navy Washington D.C. Cambridge. Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Inst. of Technology USA Huntsville. School of Graduate Studies and Research Alabama Univ. USA Dept. of Microbiology. Office of Naval Research Maryland Univ. Arlington Research and Development Co. Pittsburgh AeroChem Research Labs. Inc. Princeton Dept. of the Interior Office of Library Services. Bibliographic Series (Final) Washington D.C. Interplan Corp. Santa Barbara Urban Mass Transportation Adm. Washington D.C. Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport Calif. Mercury Project. National Science Found Stanford Univ Washington D.C. Div. of Advanced Environmental Research & Tech. USA Corvallis. NASA Earth Resources Survey Program Oregon State Univ. Washington D.C. Riverside. Inst. of Geophysics and Planetary Physics National Science Foundation California Univ. Washington D.C. Livermore Lawrence Livermore Lab. California Univ. USA Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Labs. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Miami National Technical Information Service Springfield Miami Univ. Coral Gables School of Law National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Rockville National Academy of Sciences Office of Sea Grant Washington D. C. School of Law National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Office of Sea Grant. Rockville Norman. Dept. of Civil Engineering and Environmental Science. Urban Mass Transportation Administration Oklahoma Univ. Washington D. C. Knoxville.Dept. of Civil Engineering. Federal Highway Administration Tennessee Univ. Washington D. C. Amherst.Water Resources Research Center. Office of Water Research and Technology Massachusetts Univ. Washington D. C. Calif. Dept. of Industria

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Utilising Biomass in Biotechnology 1

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丛书名： Green Energy and Technology

1000年

作者： Helen Treichel Thamarys Scapini Aline Frumi Camargo Fábio Spitza Stefanski Gislaine Fongaro Bruno Venturin

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