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A Compound Enzyme as an Additive to a Continuous Andmbr System for Enhanced Lignocellulose Removal from Codigestion with Corn Straw and Food Waste: Reactor Performance, Membrane Characteristics, and Microorganism Community

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Xing, Bao-Shan Chang, Xiang-Lin Zhang, Yi Cao, Sifan Tang, Xi-Fang Han, Yong-Chen Li, Yu-You Wang, Xiaochang C. Chen, Rong State International Science and Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development MOE Key Lab of Northwest Water Resource Environment and Ecology Shaanxi Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Shaanxi Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology No. 13 Yanta Road Xi’an710055 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-06 Aramaki Aza Aoba Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai9808579 Japan

To explore the enzyme-enhanced strategy of a continuous anaerobic dynamic membrane reactor (AnDMBR), the anaerobic codigestion system of food waste and corn straw was first operated stably, and then the best combination of compound enzymes (laccase, endo-β-1,4-glucanase, xylanase) was determined via a series of batch trials. The results showed that methane production (1.94±0.38 L/L/day) and methane yield (168.1±34.9 mL/g VS) increased, and the methane yield improved by 39% with the enzyme additive. The specific methanogenic activities of sludges sampled before and after enzyme addition were increased by 45.1%, which is consistent with the changes in coenzyme F420 activity. During the enzyme additive stage, the removal rates of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin increased by 30.65%, 36.35% and 78%, respectively. Due to the increase in protease activity during the enzyme strengthening stage, the macromolecular protein particles in the dynamic membrane could be degraded and utilized, resulting in faster and more stable membrane formation during the enzyme strengthening stage. The addition of enzymes changed the structure and abundance of microbial communities, while maintaining sufficient hydrolysis bacteria (Bacteroidetes). Additional enzymes promoted the proliferation of Proteobacteria as a dominant flora, enhancing the ability of small molecule substances (glucose, propionic acid) to convert into acetic acid, thereby increasing methane production. In summary, the compound enzyme strengthening strategy successfully improved the methane production, dynamic membrane effect, and degradation rate of lignocellulose in AnDMBR. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cellulose

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Comparison of Taylor Galerkin and FTCS models for dam-break simulation 5

Comparison of Taylor Galerkin and FTCS models for dam-break ...

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5th International Seminar on Sustainable Urban Development, ISoSUD 2020

作者： Hafiyyan, Q. Adityawan, M.B. Harlan, D. Natakusumah, D.K. Magdalena, I. Graduate School of Civil Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Jawa Barat Bandung Indonesia Center for Coastal and Marine Development Bandung Institute of Technology Jawa Barat Bandung Indonesia Study Program of Water Resouces Engineering and Management Bandung Institute of Technology Jawa Barat Bandung Indonesia Study Program of Water Resources Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Jawa Barat Bandung Indonesia Industrial and Financial Mathematics Research Group Bandung Institute of Technology Jawa Barat Bandung Indonesia

The aim of this paper is to compare the ability of two numerical models to simulate two-dimensional dam-break flows. Dam-break modelling is important in reducing the high-risk of dam failure by determining the water flow movement and its effect on buildings downstream. In this study, the Taylor Galerkin and Forward Time Central Space method is presented to simulate 2-D dam-break flow. The Hansen filter is applied to both methods to reduce numerical instability oscillations in the model. The filters were used for each time step at each computing point. The model is verified by comparing the result simulation with numerical results from previous studies. The result show that Taylor Galerkin numerical scheme with Hansen filter is successful to simulate the problem of 2-D dam-break. Also, the Taylor Galerkin model has better results than the FTCS model. Studies like this are needed for mitigation efforts in the event of dam failure. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

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Flood hydrograph simulation to estimate peak discharge in Ciliwung river basin 2

Flood hydrograph simulation to estimate peak discharge in Ci...

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2nd International Conference on Disaster and Management 2020, ICDM 2020

作者： Pratama, M.I. Rohmat, F.I.W. Farid, M. Adityawan, M.B. Kuntoro, A.A. Moe, I.R. Graduate School of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia Water Resources Engineering Research Group Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia Center for Coastal and Marine Development Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia Center for Water Resources Development Institute for Research and Community Services Institut Teknologi Bandung Jl. Ganesha No. 10 Bandung Indonesia Directorate General of Water Resources Ministry of Public Works and Housing 12110 20th Pattimura Street Kebayoran Baru Jakarta Selatan Indonesia

Ciliwung River Basin is one of 13 watersheds located in the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (DKI Jakarta), one of the most vulnerable cities facing flood disaster. Modeling hydrographs in a flood computer model is a crucial process in understanding the hydraulic processes in floods;however, more often than have adequately not studied watersheds do not available observed data. Well-calibrated hydrographs serve as the basis for a basin-wide flood model. In this study, the Snyder, ITB, and SCS Unit Hydrograph are constructed in the study case of flooding in the Ciliwung River Basin, with West Java rainfall distribution method and Alternating Block Method as the adopted rainfall distributions, providing six combinations of approaches. Calibration and validation analysis show a combination of West Java rainfall distribution and SCS UH with a lag time of 5.5 gives the smallest deviation, with an accuracy of 83.3%, therefore it is recommended for use to estimate design future flood hydrograph. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： watersheds

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Biochar's Role to Achieve Multi-Pathway Nitrogen Removal in Anammox Systems: Insights from Electron Donation and Selective Microbial Enrichment

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Fu, Jingwei Li, Qian Dzakpasu, Mawuli He, Yifei Zhou, Pengyu Chen, Rong Li, Yu-You Key Lab of Environmental Engineering Shaanxi Province Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology No.13 Yanta Road Xi’an710055 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Miyagi Sendai9808579 Japan International S & T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and Ecology MOE Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology No.13 Yanta Road Xi’an710055 China

To elucidate the mechanism of the effect of biochar on the efficient nitrogen removal of anammox systems, this study analyzed the actual and theoretical electron transfer requirements and microbial dynamics of the system at varying NO2−/NH4+ (1.32–0.6). Results indicate that biochar increases nitrogen removal in RBC by 27%-30%, primarily through enhanced partial denitrification compared to the RCK. Under low NO2−/NH4+ (0.6−0.8), an excess of ammonium cooperates with the biochar - mediated PD process, achieving a nitrogen removal of 85%-90%, with biochar contributing 26.4 %. Despite having a lower electron transfer capacity (1.13 mol e-) than the system’s electron demand (1.66 mol e-), biochar increased electron transfer activity by 33.6−41.9%. It achieved this by either triggering EPS secretion to promote electron transfer, or directly supplying additional electrons. Metagenomic differences revealed that the combination of the biochar biofilm and suspended sludge system regulated the competitive relationship between AnAOB and DNB. The abundance of Candidatus Brocadia on the biochar biofilm increased from 0.79% in phase Ⅰ to 33.25% in phase Ⅳ. Furthermore, it facilitated the expression of genes. These findings provide a novel strategy for more efficient and environmentally friendly applications of anammox process with reduced energy consumption. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Denitrification

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Fate, Elimination, and Simulation of Low-Molecular-Weight Micropollutants in Powdered Activated Carbon–Assisted Fertiliser-Drawn Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Viet, Nguyen Duc Lee, Hyeonho Im, Sung-Ju Jang, Am Graduate School of Water Resources Sungkyunkwan University Jangan-gu Gyeonggi-do Suwon16419 Korea Republic of Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of California Los Angeles Los AngelesCA90095 United States

The elimination of low-molecular-weight (low-MW) micropollutants (MPs) remains a challenge in the osmotic membrane bioreactors (OMBRs). This study investigated the fate, elimination, and simulation of low-MW MPs in a powdered activated carbon (PAC)–assisted fertiliser-drawn OMBR. Compared to the conventional OMBR, the water flux and recovery increased by 10% in the PAC-OMBR. Besides, a twice as thin fouling layer was observed on the forward osmosis (FO) membrane surface with 100 mg/g-MLSS of added PAC. This amount of PAC also boosted the richness and diversity (Chao1 and Shannon index increased 1.5 times) in the microbial community, with Proteobacteria , Bacteroidetes , and Acidobacteria being predominant. Low-MW MPs were eliminated effectively in PAC-OMBR, with up to nearly 100% removal efficiency, while only 2–80% was achieved with traditional OMBRs. This reduced the pathway of low-MW MPs into diluted fertiliser from over 47% to less than 1% of the total influent mass. Hydrophilicity (Log Kow) played the crucial role in the rejection of low-MW MPs by the system, in which acetaminophen and nonylphenol behaviours were dissimilar to the others. A neural network model was suitable for the simulation of MP behaviour with high accuracy (R value of 0.98, root mean square error of 4.7%). © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Bioreactors

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Polyethylene microplastics hamper aged biochar’s potential in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions

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Carbon Research 2025年第1期4卷 1-14页

作者： Chen, Yalan Wang, Zhibo Zhang, Anqi Li, Yang Sun, Ke Jiang, Chenrun Gunina, Anna Aloufi, Abeer S. Liang, Xinru Han, Zichen Xiao, Yue Zhang, Yunqian Du, Zhangliu Zhu, Shishu Kuzyakov, Yakov State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of Environment Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China College of Life Sciences Beijing Normal University Beijing100875 China Department of Urban Engineering Graduate School of Engineering The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-8656 Japan Agrarian and Technological Institute RUDN University Miklukho-Maklaya st. 6 Moscow117198 Russia Department of Biology College of Science Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University P.O. Box 84428 Riyadh11671 Saudi Arabia Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China The Key Lab of Pollution Control and Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Clusters Ministry of Education School of Environment and Energy South China University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China Department of Soil Science of Temperate Ecosystems Department of Agricultural Soil Science University of Goettingen Göttingen37077 Germany Moscow117198 Russia

While biochar effectively reduces greenhouse gas emissions, the coincident microplastics will alter these benefits. To assess the long-term efficacy of biochar application in reducing emissions amidst microplastic interference, we investigated the interactive effects of polyethylene microplastics (1%–5% wt) and decadal biochar addition (aged biochar) on C and N stability in a Fluvic Cambisol. Aged biochar and polyethylene individually reduced CO2 emissions by 49% and 18%, respectively, over 91-day incubation. This was due to decreased soil aggregation, dissolved organic matter (DOM) content, and increased DOM aromaticity, which reduced microbial biomass and chitinase activity associated with soil organic matter (SOM) decomposition. This ultimately led to increased accumulation of microbial necromass carbon (MNC) to soil stable carbon pool. Interestingly, the coexistence of polyethylene diminished the efficacy of biochar in mitigating CO2 emissions (+ 44 ~ 82%) and stabilizing MNC (-18 ~ 23%). This was because the interaction between polyethylene and biochar facilitated macroaggregate formation and DOM accumulation and decreased DOM aromaticity, which increased microbial biomass and chitinase activity for SOM decomposition. Similar to soil C dynamics, aged biochar largely reduced N2O emissions by 54%, due to decreased nirK but increased nifH genes. Polyethylene increased N2O emissions by 5% and 25% in biochar-free and aged biochar soil, respectively, likely through upregulation of nirS and nirK but downregulating nifH gene expression. Thus, polyethylene microplastics may undermine the benefits of biochar in mitigating climate change, highlighting the necessity to recognize microplastics as a global change factor and to incorporate their role in elemental cycling alongside their global transport. Graphic Abstract: (Figure presented.) © The Author(s) 2025.

关键词： Greenhouse gas emissions

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Anaerobic Digestion of Poultry Litter: Technical Aspects to Improve Process Performance and water Saving

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Bofinger, Jakson Damaceno, Felippe Martins Pires Salcedo Restrepo, Juan C. de Lucas Junior, Jorge de Mendonça Costa, Luiz Antonio de Mendonça Costa, Monica Sarolli Silva Research Group on Water Resources and Environmental Sanitation Western Parana State University Agricultural Engineering Graduate Program Rua Universitaria 2069 Jardim Universitario Parana Cascavel85.819-110 Brazil Department of Rural Engineering São Paulo State University College of College of Agrarian and Veterinary Sciences Jaboticabal São Paulo Brazil

This study aimed to define the dilution, separation of fractions (SF), mass balance, and reuse of the biofertilizer to dilute poultry litter (PL) and to promote water saving while generating an organic fertilizer richer in nutrients. Five dilutions were submitted to mass balance test followed or not by SF and then subjected to the biochemical methane potential (VDI-4630). The highest potential was obtained in the liquid fraction (LF) of the dilution 1:6 (176.1 L CH4 kg−1 VS). This condition was subjected to a semi-continuous feeding, in which the effect of using the biofertilizer to replace water to dilute PL was evaluated. The results showed that the reuse of 40% of biofertilizer had no inhibitory effect on the AD process, reaching 236 L CH4 kg−1 VSadded, allowed 40% saving water and providing a biofertilizer with higher amounts of N. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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Effectiveness of Predicting Event-Level Interception Losses Across Diverse Vegetated Sites Using Statistical Models

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Ecohydrology 2025年第3期18卷

作者： Abigail G. Sandquist Stephen P. Good Gabriel Barinas Scott T. Allen Graduate Program of Hydrologic Sciences University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada USA Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Science University of Nevada Reno Reno Nevada USA Water Resources Graduate Program Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA Biological & Ecological Engineering Department Oregon State University Corvallis Oregon USA

Understanding evaporation from wet canopies across ecosystems is challenged by its spatiotemporal variability and associated observational challenges. Precipitation and throughfall were measured at 22 sites of the National Ecological Observatory Network using consistent methodologies across diverse climates and ecosystems, providing a novel opportunity to examine the performance of statistical models in predicting interception loss from meteorological and canopy-structure data. We used those data to quantify event-level interception losses and found wide variation; median interception loss of small storms (< 10 mm) was 37.7% (39% inter-quartile range), and of large storms (> 50 mm) was 19.8% (20% interquartile range). We found storm gross-precipitation depth was the most important variable for predicting the amount of interception loss (predicting ~70% of the variation), followed by mean canopy height and air temperature. Storm gross-precipitation depth was also an important predictor of interception loss as a percent of storm depth, but much less variation was explained ( R 2 = 0.11, RMSE = 24%). Prediction of percent interception loss improved ( R 2 = 0.32 and RMSE = 19%) by including additional meteorological and vegetation structure characteristics in a random forest model. In addition to demonstrating the greater importance of storm traits over vegetation traits in predicting event interception losses, this analysis showed that relationships between storm traits and interception losses differed among sites; these inconsistent relationships across sites limited the ability for any statistical model to perform well in predicting event-level interception losses across sites, which may justify the use of alternative approaches (e.g. process-based models).

关键词： rainfall partitioning remote sensing throughfall vegetation structure

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Microbial Source Tracking Using Molecular and Cultivable Methods in a Tropical Mixed-Use Drinking water Source to Support water Safety Plans

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Sresung, Montakarn Paisantham, Phongsawat Ruksakul, Pacharaporn Kongprajug, Akechai Chyerochana, Natcha Gallage, Tharindu Pollwatta Srathongneam, Thitima Rattanakul, Surapong Maneein, Siriwara Surasen, Chatsinee Passananon, Somsak Mongkolsuk, Skorn Sirikanchana, Kwanrawee Research Laboratory of Biotechnology Chulabhorn Research Institute Bangkok10210 Thailand Program in Environmental Toxicology Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand Program in Applied Biological Sciences Chulabhorn Graduate Institute Chulabhorn Royal Academy Bangkok10210 Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok10140 Thailand Water Resources and Environment Department Metropolitan Waterworks Authority Bangkok10210 Thailand Metropolitan Waterworks Authority Bangkok10210 Thailand OPS MHESI Thailand

Source water quality deterioration from microbial contamination is a severe problem confronting drinking water suppliers worldwide and has been addressed in the widely adopted water Safety Plan framework to ensure the reliability and provision of high-quality drinking water. Microbial source tracking (MST) is used to examine different microbial pollution sources via specific intestinal markers for humans and different types of animals. However, the application of MST in tropical surface water catchments that provide raw water for drinking water supplies is limited. We analyzed a set of MST markers, namely, three cultivable bacteriophages and four molecular PCR and qPCR assays, together with 17 microbial and physicochemical parameters, to identify fecal pollution from general, human-, swine-, and cattle-specific sources. Seventy-two river water samples at six sampling sites were collected over 12 sampling events during wet and dry seasons. We found persistent fecal contamination via the general fecal marker GenBac3 (100% detection;2.10–5.42 log10 copies/100 mL), with humans (crAssphage;74% detection;1.62–3.81 log10 copies/100 mL) and swine (Pig-2-Bac;25% detection;1.92–2.91 log10 copies/100 mL) comprising the major and minor contamination sources, respectively. Higher microbial contamination was observed during the wet season (p © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Potable water

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Synergistic Effects of Biochar Addition and Filtration Mode Optimisation on Mitigating Membrane Fouling in High Solid Anaerobic Membrane Bioreactors

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jiao, Chengfan Chen, Hao Liu, Yaqian Zhao, Hexiang Li, Qian Wang, Gaojun Chen, Rong Li, Yu-You Key Lab of Environmental Engineering Shaanxi Province Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology No.13 Yanta Road Xi’an710055 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba Aramaki Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi9808579 Japan HuaLu Engineering & Technology Co. ltd China International S & T Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and Ecology MOE Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology No.13 Yanta Road Xi’an710055 China

A high-solid anaerobic membrane bioreactor was established to treat food waste , and membrane fouling rate was regulated using multivariate modulation. The reactor can be stably operated at a maximum organic load (OLRmax) of 28.75 gCOD/L/d, due to the implementation of a high-frequency feed to mitigate loading shocks. The best membrane fouling control was achieved experimentally at a filtration-relaxation ratio (F/R) of 10s/90s. This suggests that a larger relaxation frequency provides better mitigation of membrane fouling. Compared with single F/R modulation, multiple modulation of biochar and F/R provided better membrane fouling control. On one hand, biochar avoids the formation of a dense cake layer by changing the sludge properties of the reactor. On the other hand, biochar strengthens the shear force of the fluid on the membrane surface, which strengthens the separation of pollutants in the relaxation stage and is more conducive to the control of membrane fouling. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Membrane fouling

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