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3rd International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Engineering Applications, ISDEA 2024

作者： Junjunejerm, Suttipat Taertulakarn, Somchat Sritart, Hiranya Graduate Program in Forensic Science Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9789819792429

Traditional cyanoacrylate fuming techniques for latent fingerprint detection struggle with inconsistency, inefficiency, and large equipment. This research unveils a revolutionary solution - the Smart Cyanoacrylate Fuming Chamber. This groundbreaking tool integrates smart technologies, transforming the fuming process into a precise, user-friendly, and data-driven endeavor. The chamber boasts real-time temperature and humidity monitoring, optimizing fuming conditions for enhanced fingerprint detection and consistent results. Its intuitive interface empowers investigators with swift on-site analyses, while wireless communication unlocks remote monitoring and data access from even the most challenging locations. This innovative concept addresses critical challenges and provides undeniable benefits, including improved fingerprint detection efficiency, enhanced data integrity and compliance, streamlined workflows, and remote monitoring capabilities. These advancements ultimately contribute to faster case closure rates and informed decision-making. By connecting the power of smart technologies, the Smart Cyanoacrylate Fuming Chamber sets a new level for reliable, convenient, and efficient latent fingerprint analysis, revolutionizing the landscape of forensic investigations. © The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2024.

关键词： Decision making

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Digital Image Analysis for Gender Identification on Panoramic Dental X-Rays 16

Digital Image Analysis for Gender Identification on Panorami...

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16th Biomedical Engineering International Conference, BMEiCON 2024

作者： Mungpayabarn, Harikarn Tuntiwong, Kuson Taertulakarn, Somchat Sritart, Hiranya Thammasat University Graduate Program in Forensic Science Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Pathum Thani Thailand School of Dentistry King Mongkut 's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Thammasat University Faculty of Allied Health Science Pathum Thani Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505431

Computerized panoramic dental X-ray imaging technology uses information recorded from dental treatment history. Teeth are considered a biometric tool to identify people in cases where their bodies have been severely affected, such as to distinguish victims of disasters and fire accidents. In cases where evidence such as DNA, fingerprints, and iris cannot be examined, gender identification is an important factor in establishing personal identity. Tooth enamel is the strongest material in the human body. Resistant to burns from temperature up to 500 degrees Celsius. And the jawbone is the part that is the strongest and most durable. Including showing high levels of gender differences gender. Additionally, the jawbone is the strongest and most durable part of the human body, exhibiting high levels of gender differences. These characteristics of the teeth form the basis for this research. Using medical technology, panoramic dental X-rays taken from living individuals' dental records can determine gender when compared with post-mortem panoramic dental X-rays used as a database to compare traces of events involving lawsuits. Consequently, this guideline is for verifying personal identity by identifying gender from computerized panoramic dental X-rays. For this reason, this study aims to measuring inter-canine distance and finding the ratio of crown width to root length on computerized panoramic dental X-rays in males and females using the Image J program and analyzing with the GraphPad Prism 8 program. The results showed that the average ratio of crown width to root length was higher in males than in females, and inter-canine distance was greater in males than in females. These results emphasize the critical role of panoramic dental X-rays and image processing in biomedical engineering for accurate gender identification. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Tooth enamel

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Innovative Facial Sculpting of the Human Skull Using 3D Scanning Techniques 16

Innovative Facial Sculpting of the Human Skull Using 3D Scan...

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16th Biomedical Engineering International Conference, BMEiCON 2024

作者： Phuaphisit, Somying Mahakkanukrauh, Pasuk Taertulakarn, Somchat Thammasat University Graduate Program in Forensic Science Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Pathum Thani Thailand Chiang Mai University Faculty of Medicine Department of Anatomy Chiang Mai Thailand Thammasat University Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Department of Medical Technology Pathum Thani Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505431

The identification of missing persons and the resolution of cases involving unidentified human remains have become increasingly critical issues, as the occurrence of these cases continues to increase. To address this, various methods are used to identify these individuals. One effective method involves the identification of human remains through facial reconstruction. Our study advocates for the application of 3D computerized facial reconstruction as a technique for identifying individuals from their skulls. A portable 3D scanner was employed to obtain detailed data from the skulls, making it a versatile tool suitable not only for laboratory and field settings but also for real-time data collection, which offers significant advantages in time-sensitive situations. The facial reconstruction process was carried out using the Facial Soft Tissue Thickness (FSTTs) database, which provides essential information on tissue thickness at various points on the skull, derived from the average facial soft tissue thickness of Northern Thai male donors who contributed their bodies for educational and research purposes. The reconstruction involved the use of 27 skeletal landmarks to guide the process. Autodesk Meshmixer software was used to mark and connect the mesh points of the face, while ZBrush was employed to refine and complete the facial model, resulting in a detailed reconstruction. For this research, the skull samples were obtained from individuals who had donated their bodies for scientific study. Importantly, the researchers did not have access to any photographs or images of the donors during the reconstruction process, ensuring that the work was based solely on the skull's anatomical features. An evaluation of the accuracy of these facial reconstructions is currently ongoing, and the results will be shared in future studies to assess the potential of this technique in solving cases involving unidentified remains. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Image recording

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A Spatial Analysis and Hotspot Identification of Homicide Report Cases in Thailand 24

A Spatial Analysis and Hotspot Identification of Homicide Re...

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Proceedings of the 2024 7th International Conference on Geoinformatics and Data Analysis

作者： Manutchanika Piromyam Hiranya Sritart Graduate Program in Forensic Science Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand

ISBN: (纸本)9798400716249

Homicide's impact transcends the individual, shattering social trust, damaging community cohesion, and casting a shadow of fear over entire nations, demanding urgent efforts to address root causes and prevent further loss. Although Thailand's homicide rates are comparatively lower than those of certain neighboring Southeast Asian countries, this issue continues to pose a significant threat to public safety within the nation. To gain deeper insights into their spatial distribution and potential clustering, this research employed Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to conduct a spatial analysis of homicide report cases across Thailand from 2019 to 2021. Utilizing national data sourced from police reports, the study investigated the existence of spatial autocorrelation, indicating whether homicide occurrences are statistically dependent on their geographic location. This analysis shed light on whether homicides are randomly distributed or exhibit clustering tendencies, suggesting potential underlying spatial factors at play. Furthermore, the research employed hotspot mapping techniques to identify statistically significant clusters of homicide cases. These hotspots revealed areas with an elevated concentration of homicides, providing crucial information for targeted prevention strategies. By pinpointing high-risk areas, law enforcement agencies can allocate resources more effectively, focusing on factors specific to each hotspot area. This research leverages GIS to unlock new insights into Thailand's homicide patterns, leading to a more comprehensive understanding. The identification of spatial autocorrelation and hotspots provided valuable insights for policymakers and law enforcement agencies to develop targeted prevention strategies and enhance public safety across the country.

关键词： GIS

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Reducing the impact of cognitive bias in decision making: Practical actions for forensic science practitioners

Forensic Science International: Synergy

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forensic science International: Synergy 2023年 7卷 100341页

作者： Kunkler, Kimberly S. Roy, Tiffany Forensic Science Graduate Program Marshall University 1401 Forensic Science Drive Huntington 25701 WV United States ForensicAid LLC West Palm Beach FL United States

Previously published methods for reducing the impact of cognitive bias in forensic decision making have focused primarily on actions at the laboratory or organizational levels. This paper presents generalized and specific actions that forensic science practitioners can take to reduce the impact of cognitive bias in their work. Practical examples illustrating ways that practitioners can implement many of the specific actions are also provided, along with some suggestions for handling court testimony about cognitive bias. The actions presented in this paper provide a means through which individual practitioners can take ownership for minimizing cognitive bias in their work. Such actions can provide supporting evidence to stakeholders that forensic practitioners acknowledge the existence of cognitive bias and its potential influence on their work, and they can also stimulate implementation of methods that focus on solutions at the laboratory and organizational levels. © 2023 The Authors

关键词： Cognitive bias Expert decision making forensic science forensic science practitioner Minimizing bias

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A Novel Approach for Estimating Vehicle Speed in Nighttime Traffic Accidents from Daytime Video Information

A Novel Approach for Estimating Vehicle Speed in Nighttime T...

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International Conference on Intelligent Transportation

作者： Youngsoo Choi Yongmun Yun Woo-Jeong Jeon Seung-Hyun Kong Robotics Program Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Engineering Division Daejeon Institute National Forensic Service Republic of Korea Traffic Accident Analysis Division National Forensic Service Republic of Korea Graduate School of Mobility Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology Republic of Korea

In vehicle accident investigations, the pre-accident speed of the vehicle is an important factor that affects the reliability of accident reconstruction results. However, it is difficult to analyze vehicle speed in nighttime videos where the vehicle and its surroundings are not clearly visible. This study proposes a novel approach to estimate the speed of an accident vehicle in nighttime videos using daytime videos. The proposed method first estimates some missing coordinates from the wheel center coordinate data extracted from all daytime video sequences. Then, the vehicle speed in the nighttime video is estimated with a calibration curve that transforms the inter-pixel distance in the 2D video to the distance in the real 3D space using the cross-ratio. Experimental results show that the proposed Kalman filter-based method is effective in estimating the occluded coordinates and is useful in calculating the cross-ratio. Additionally, the vehicle speeds in the nighttime video estimated by the proposed method are similar to the simulated and measured actual vehicle speeds, as well as the real accident analysis case. These results show that the proposed method can be used to complement and effectively cross-validate existing methods to improve reliability in the field of vehicle accident investigations.

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Digital Image Analysis for Gender Identification on Panoramic Dental X-Rays

Digital Image Analysis for Gender Identification on Panorami...

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Biomedical Engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Harikarn Mungpayabarn Kuson Tuntiwong Somchat Taertulakarn Hiranya Sritart Graduate Program in Forensic Science Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand School of Dentistry King Mongkut 's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang Bangkok Thailand Faculty of Allied Health Science Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9798331505431

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505448

关键词： Accuracy Temperature Disasters forensics Teeth Length measurement Biomedical measurement Dentistry X-ray imaging Biomedical engineering

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A Fitness-Based Migration Policy for Biased Random-Key Genetic Algorithms 26th

A Fitness-Based Migration Policy for Biased Random-Key Gene...

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26th International Conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computation, EvoApplications 2023, held as part of EvoStar 2023

作者： Boiani, Mateus Parpinelli, Rafael Stubs Dorn, Márcio Institute of Informatics Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Applied Computing Santa Catarina State University Santa Catarina Joinville Brazil Center for Biotechnology Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology - Forensic Science Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9783031302282

Population diversity management is crucial for the quality of solutions in Evolutionary Algorithms. Many techniques require assistance to handle diverse problem characteristics and may prematurely converge in local optima. Maintaining diversity enables the algorithm to search the space and produce better results effectively. Parallel models are a common approach to preserving diversity;however, design decisions affect optimization process characteristics. For example, the Island model’s migration policy affects convergence speed. This study proposes and evaluates a fitness-based migration policy for the Biased Random-Key Genetic Algorithm (BRKGA) and compares it to two traditional strategies. The results in continuous search spaces demonstrate that the proposed policy can enhance BRKGA optimization with appropriate parameters. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Genetic differentiation between and within Northern Native American language groups:an argument for the expansion of the Native American CODIS database

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forensic sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 662-672页

作者： Jessica A.Weise Jillian Ng Robert F.Oldt Joy Viray Kelly L.McCulloh David Glenn Smith Sreetharan Kanthaswamy Forensic Science Graduate Program University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Molecular Anthropology Laboratory Department of AnthropologyUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences Arizona State UniversityGlendaleAZUSA Sacramento County District Attorney’s Crime Laboratory SacramentoCAUSA California National Primate Research Center University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA

The National Research Council recommends that genetic differentiation among subgroups of ethnic samples be lower than 3%of the total genetic differentiation within the ethnic sample to be used for estimating reliable random match probabilities for forensic *** American samples in the United States’Combined DNA Index System(CODIS)database represent four language families:Algonquian,Na-Dene,Eskimo-Aleut,and ***,a minimum of 27 Native American language families exists in the US,not including language *** goal was to ascertain whether genetic differences are correlated with language groupings and,if so,whether additional language families would provide a more accurate representation of current genetic diversity among tribal *** 21 short tandem repeat(STR)loci included in the Globalfiler^(■)PCR Amplification Kit were used to characterize six indigenous language families,including three of the four represented in the CODIS database(***,Na-Dene,and Eskimo-Aleut),and two language isolates(Miwok and Seri)using major population genetic diversity metrics such as F statistics and Bayesian clustering analysis of genotype *** of the genetic variation(97%)was found to be within language families instead of among them(3%).In contrast,when only the three of the four language families represented in both the CODIS database and the present study were considered,4%of the genetic variation occurred among the language *** clustering resulted in a maximum posterior probability indicating three genetically distinct groups among the eight language families and isolates:(1)Eskimo,(2)Seri,and(3)all other language groups and isolates,thus confirming genetic subdivision among subgroups of the CODIS Native American *** genetic structure indicates the need for an increased number of Native American populations based on language affiliation in the CODIS database as well as more robust sample sets for those langu

关键词： forensic sciences population genetics Native Americans North America languages short tandem repeats(STRs or microsatellites)

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Innovative Facial Sculpting of the Human Skull Using 3D Scanning Techniques

Innovative Facial Sculpting of the Human Skull Using 3D Scan...

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Biomedical Engineering International Conference (BMEiCON)

作者： Somying Phuaphisit Pasuk Mahakkanukrauh Somchat Taertulakarn Graduate Program in Forensic Science Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand Department of Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Chiang Mai University Chiang Mai Thailand Department of Medical Technology Faculty of Allied Health Sciences Thammasat University Pathum Thani Thailand

ISBN: (数字)9798331505431

ISBN: (纸本)9798331505448

关键词： Three-dimensional displays Databases forensics Biological tissues Data collection Software Real-time systems Image reconstruction Faces Biomedical engineering

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