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Understanding bark thickness variations for Araucaria angustifolia in southern Brazil

Journal of forestry Research 2021年第3期32卷 1077-1087页

作者： Emanuel Arnoni Costa Veraldo Liesenberg César Augusto Guimaraes Finger AndréFelipe Hess Cristine Tagliapietra Schons Graduate Program in Forest Engineering Santa Catarina State University(UDESC)LagesSC 88520-000Brazil Department of Forest Engineering Federal University of Uberlandia(UFU)Monte CarmeloMG 38500-000Brazil Graduate Program in Forest Engineering Federal University of Santa Maria(UFSM)Santa MariaRS 97105-900Brazil Graduate Program in Agroecosystems Federal Technological University of Parana(UFTPR)Dois VizinhosPR 85660-000Brazil

This study aimed to understand bark thickness variations of Araucaria angustifolia(Bertol.)Kuntze trees growing in natural forest remnants in southern Brazil,and their relationship with quantitative and qualitative *** thickness must be accurately estimated in order to determine timber volume *** is an important variable for the sustainable management and conservation of araucaria *** spite of its importance and visibility,bark thickness variations have not been evaluated for this key species in southern Brazil.A total of 104 trees were selected,and their qualitative and quantitative attributes such as diameter at breast height(D_(BH)),height(H),crown base height(C_(BH)),crown length(C_(L)),social position(S_(P)),stoniness(S_(T)),position on the relief(P_(R)),vitality(V_T)and branch arrangement(B_(A))were *** trees were categorized into two groups:red bark or gray *** analysis and artificial neural networks(ANN)were used for modelling bark *** results indicate that:(1)bark thickness showed good correlation to D_(BH),with 0.76 as coefficient of determination(RS_P),0.540 as Mean Absolute Error(M_(AE))and 22.4 root-meansquare error in percentage(R_(MSE%));(2)the trend changed according to bark colour,with significant differences for the intersection(_0–Pr>F:p=0.0124)and slope(β_(1)–Pr>F:p=0.0126)of bark thickness curves between groups;(3)the highest correlation of bark thickness was found with:D_(BH)(ρ=0.88),H(ρ=0.58),C_(BH)(ρ=0.46),S_(P)(ρ=-0.52),and B_(A)(ρ=-0.32);(4)modelling with ANN confirmed high adjustment(R^(2)=0.99)and accuracy(R_(MSE%)=3.0)of the *** is an efficient and robust technique for the modelling of various qualitative and quantitative attributes commonly used in forest *** effective use of ANN to estimate araucaria bark in natural forests reinforces its potential,besides the possibility of application for other forest species.

关键词： Dendrometry attributes Crown characteristics Prediction models Bark factor Parana-pine

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Modeling supports the implementation of urban greening as a response to the challenges of sustainable spatial planning

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Journal of Environmental Management 2025年 386卷 125648页

作者： Kim, Eun Sub Hyun, Jung Hee Kim, Na Yeon Heo, Su Jeong Kim, Da Seul Lee, Dong Kun Low-Carbon and Climate Impact Research Centre School of Energy and Environment City University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Ave Hong Kong Kowloon Tong China Systemic Risk and Resilience Research Group Advancing Systems Analysis International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis Austria Department of Landscape Architecture and Rural System Engineering Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Integrated Major in Smart City Global Convergence Program Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Forest Disaster & Environment Department National Institute of Forest Science Seoul Korea Republic of Interdisciplinary Program in Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of Specialized Graduate School of Intelligent Eco-Science 4 Dept. of Landscape Architecture Seoul National University Seoul08826 Korea Republic of

Urban greening is critical for sustainable urban development, climate change mitigation, and biodiversity conservation. However, the effectiveness of urban greening varies depending on the specific goals (e.g., enhancing biodiversity, reducing urban heat, or both) and their spatial implementation. To address the spatial variability in the effectiveness of greening, we propose a spatial decision support model based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm-II (NSGA-II). This model aims to optimize urban greening locations to maximize biomass density, mitigate urban heat stress, and improve landscape connectivity. Applied to Suwon City, South Korea, the model's effectiveness was evaluated against a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario across four scenarios: connectivity-based, biomass density-based, heat stress-based, and an integrated-based scenario. The integrated approach, balancing trade-offs between ecological benefits and implementation costs, outperformed the BAU scenario by 8.84 %. Despite highlighting a weaker correlation with heat stress mitigation, this outcome indicates significant improvements in biomass density and landscape connectivity. Our findings underscore the necessity of an integrated planning approach to urban greening, as it can contribute toward attaining urban development goals. Additionally, by proposing an app-based model for policymakers, our outputs should enable the reconciliation of multiple environmental objectives in urban landscapes. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biotic

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Correlations between water quality and precipitation in areas with different levels of human occupation

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International Journal of Energy and Water Resources 2021年第1期5卷 25-31页

作者： Rodrigues, Lucas Augusto Pereira Radomski, Fernando Aparecido Dias Godoy, Rodrigo Felipe Bedim Trevisan, Elias Crisigiovanni, Enzo Luigi Department of Environment State University of Maringá Maringá-PR Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of Paraná Curitiba-PR Brazil Graduate Program in Forest Sciences Unicentro Guarapuava-PR Brazil

Riverine water is largely used for human consumption and it is well known that its quality is correlated to many external factors. Because of that, this study evaluated linear correlations between precipitation and several water quality parameters using data collected from Antas’ river (Paraná, Brazil) at locations with different levels of human occupation aiming to identify water quality irregularities related to these important external factors, especially at a point surrounded by preserved vegetation. The statistical analyses were made using Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r) and the open source programming software, R. The results showed that precipitation has moderate to strong correlation with turbidity, true color, total coliforms and E. coli (0.99 ≥ r ≥ 0.44), and also has weak to moderate correlations with pH (− 0.39 ≥ r ≥ − 0.58) and biochemical oxygen demand (0.48 ≥ r ≥ 0.36), regardless of the level of human occupation nearby. The high correlations observed for E. coli and total coliforms in an area protected by native vegetation, probably due to adjacent rural activities, represents a novel and major finding. Dissolved oxygen and temperature showed no significant correlations with rainfall volume (0.26 ≥ r ≥ − 0.19). Since Brazilian law ensures that water quality parameters must be measured and considered in projects of water resources management, the proposed methodology seems to be promising for government policies applications, since it comprises only simple analyzes and a free software for simulations. © Islamic Azad University (IAU) 2021.

关键词： Hydrology R software Rainfall Spatial data Statistical analysis

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Virginia Tech-Wake forest University School of Biomedical engineering & Sciences: Providing new tools for a new program

Virginia Tech-Wake Forest University School of Biomedical En...

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2005 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: The Changing Landscape of engineering and Technology Education in a Global World

作者： Scales, Glenda R. Peed, Cheryl Boehme, John Brewer, Kevin Virginia Tech. United States Wake Forest University United States Wake Forest University School of Medicine United States Office of Academic Computing Wake Forest University School of Medicine United States Virginia Tech. College of Engineering United States Commonwealth Graduate Engineering Program United States

The Virginia Tech-Wake forest University School of Biomedical engineering & Sciences (SBES) was established in 2001 to provide graduate programs and enhance research collaboration between the universities.1 This school enables students to earn M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Biomedical engineering, a joint M.D./Ph.D. through the Wake forest University School of Medicine, and a joint D.V.M./Ph.D. through the Virginia-Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine. Given that students may take face to face classes on either campus or classes via distance learning while residing on their home campus in either Blacksburg or Winston-Salem, new instructional technology solutions and infrastructure are required to support this initiative. A project team, consisting of members from Wake forest and Virginia Tech, was established to develop this innovative learning environment. A key feature of this learning environment is the ability for the professor to easily interact with students using multiple types of instructional technologies. The use of these technologies is particularly important given the course content from the medical and engineering disciplines. This paper will address network infrastructure solutions and lessons learned from the development of this state-of-the-art distance learning environment.

关键词： engineering education

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Goral Detection System using YOLOv4 Object Detection Algorithm

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Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers 2022年第9期71卷 1308-1314页

作者： Lee, Han-Sung Oh, Yu-Jeong Park, Yung-Chul Lim, Sang Jin Cho, Hyun-Chong Dept. of Electronics Engineering and Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Interdisciplinary Graduate Program for BIT Medical Convergence Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Electronics Engineering Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Forest Science Kangwon National University Korea Republic of Dept. of Forest Science and Institute of Forest Science Kangwon National University Korea Republic of

Global industrialization has made human life comfortable, while causing environmental pollution. Environmental pollution has destroyed wildlife habitats, and as a result, several animals are endangered. In particular, long-tailed goral (Naemorhaedus caudatus) is an international endangered species that must be restored. A huge amount of photographic data has been accumulated through camera trap research for the restoration of endangered species. Until now, analysis of such photo data has only relied on experts, so it took a lot of time to analyze camera trap data. The goral detection system developed in this study, based on goral camera trap data, can enable goral data analysis at a faster than conventional methods. YOLOv4 was used as an object detection algorithm for goral detection. YOLOv4 is a network based on CSPDarknet53 and has improved performance through Bos (Bag of Specials) and BoF (Bag of Freebies). As a result, goral detection was possible with high accuracy and high speed. The performance of the goral detection system can be decreased by luminance at night. In this work, we propose a light invariant goral detection system by appropriately distributing day and night datasets for training YOLOv4. Test results on the night dataset showed an mAP of 0.907 and test results on the day dataset showed an mAP of 0.927. As a result, the goral detection system showed robust detection performance at night. © 2022 Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cameras

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Multi-Organ Pathogenesis and Therapeutic Strategies for Cystic Fibrosis

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2024年第5期12卷 312-329页

作者： Oluwaseun Babatunde Ogonna William David Richard Ifeanyichukwu Ikwugbado Oluwaseyi Oyewole Fetal Research and Therapy Program Wake Forest Institute for Regenerative Medicine Winston-Salem NC USA Department of Chemistry University of Houston Houston TX USA Biotechnology Graduate Program School of Sciences and Engineering The American University in Cairo New Cairo Egypt

Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal autosomal inherited disorder that affects all races and ethnicities in the United States. However, it is mostly predominant in the Caucasian populace accounting for about 80% of all CF cases. CF most severe complication can be referred to as pulmonary bronchiectasis and infections of the airways, nonetheless, the devastating effects of the disease have far-reaching consequences beyond lung damage. CF is a heterogeneous disease that is caused by mutations in Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR) gene. The impairment or absence of this gene can affect multiple organs and systems and is characterized not only by chronic lung blockage, infections, and inflammation but also by exocrine gland dysfunction, intestinal obstruction, liver pathology, elevated sweat chloride concentration, and in males, infertility due to the congenital bilateral absence of the vas deferens. To this end, we briefly explore the pathological effects of CF and how CF mediates the destruction of several critical organs in the body and some of the gene therapeutical approaches such as gene editing and viral-based strategies available for the treatment of this multi-organ disease.

关键词： Cystic Fibrosis Gene Therapy Organ Damage

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Accelerating the domestication of trees using genomic selection: accuracy of prediction models across ages and environments (vol 193, 617, 2012)

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NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2012年第4期193卷 1099-1099页

作者： Resende, M. F. R., Jr. Genetics and Genomics Graduate Program University of Florida PO Box 103610 Gainesville FL 32611 USA Plant Molecular and Cellular Biology Graduate Program University of Florida PO Box 110690 Gainesville FL 32611 USA School of Forest Resources and Conservation University of Florida PO Box 110410 Gainesville FL 32611 USA University of Florida Genetics Institute University of Florida PO Box 103610 Gainesville FL 32611 USA Plant Genetics Laboratory Embrapa – Recursos Genéticos e Biotecnologia Parque Esta??o Biológica Brasília DF 70770-970 Brazil Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Universidade Católica de Brasília–SGAN 916 modulo B Brasília DF 70790-160 Brazil EMBRAPA Forestry Estrada da Ribeira km 111 Caixa Postal 319 Colombo PR 83411-000 Brazil Department of Forest Engineering Universidade Federal de Vi?osa Vi?osa MG 36571-000 Brazil [*]Author for correspondence: Matias Kirst Tel: +1 352 846 0900 Email: mkirst@ufl.edu

?Genomic selection is increasingly considered vital to accelerate genetic improvement. However, it is unknown how accurate genomic selection prediction models remain when used across environments and ages. This knowle... 详细信息

? Genomic selection is increasingly considered vital to accelerate genetic improvement. However, it is unknown how accurate genomic selection prediction models remain when used across environments and ages. This knowledge is critical for breeders to apply this strategy in genetic improvement.

关键词： genomic selection genotype by environment interaction model estimation Pinus taeda plant breeding

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Biochar, compost, and their mixtures influence the dry mass of the shoot of Marandu palisade grass and soil nutritional status

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Arabian Journal of Geosciences 2023年第3期16卷 1-16页

作者： da Silva, Ivan Eusébio Pimenta, Alexandre Santos de Lacerda, Claudivan Feitosa de Oliveira Miranda, Neyton da Silva Lima, Nayane Dias, Gustavo Cardoso Department of Agricultural Engineering Federal University of Ceará – UFC Fortaleza Brazil Jundiaí School of Agriculture Graduate Program in Forest Sciences Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte – UFRN Macaíba Brazil Department of Agronomy and Forest Sciences Federal Rural University of the Semiarid Region - UFERSA Mossoró Brazil

Brazil has the world’s largest cattle herd and is the largest beef exporter, although the degradation of 70% of its pastures cause environmental damage and reduced yields. However, pasture recovery is carried out with expensive mineral fertilizers, whose effects do not last and can cause soil acidification and nutrient loss. Environmentally friendly alternatives are compost and biochar, which can increase nutrient use efficiency through higher soil retention and slower availability, but they lack application recommendations. Therefore, it is necessary to provide helpful information to improve grass yield and replace or reduce the use of mineral fertilizers. For this, a mineral fertilized experiment and another not fertilized were developed to evaluate the dry shoot mass of Marandu palisade grass and some soil chemical attributes after applying compost, biochar, oxidized or not, and their mixtures. Mineral fertilization increased grass productivity, which was further increased when compost, biochar, and mixtures were applied. The combinations more often provided the best results of the variables than the individual application of compost or biochar. In most cases, the best mixture contained 0.25% compost and 0.75% oxidized biochar, but the application of 0.5% of each is promising. This study’s leading information for cattle breeders indicates biochar and compost mixtures that improve soil fertility and grass yield, together with mineral fertilization. However, it is necessary to study biochar oxidation and the enrichment of the compost and biochar with nutrients.

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Altitudinal Migration of Species of Fir (Abies spp.) in Adaptation to Climate Change

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Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 2022年第9期233卷 385-385页

作者： Tekin, Oktay Cetin, Mehmet Varol, Tugrul Ozel, Halil Baris Sevik, Hakan Zeren Cetin, Ilknur Institute of Science and Engineering Department of Sustainable Agriculture and Natural Plant Resources Kastamonu University Kastamonu Turkey Faculty of Architecture Department of City and Regional Planning Ondokuz Mayis University Samsun Turkey Faculty of Forestry Department of Forest Engineering Bartin Turkey Faculty of Forestry Department of Forest Engineering Bartin University Bartin Turkey Faculty of Engineering and Architecture Department of Environmental Engineering Kastamonu University Kuzeykent Campus Kastamonu37150 Turkey YOK 100/2000 Scholarship Program of Sustainable Forestry Institute of Graduate School Department of Forest Engineering Bartin University Bartin Turkey Department of Park and Garden Plants Program of Landscape and Ornamental Plants Cultivation Samsun Vocational School Ondokuz Mayis University Samsun Turkey

Global climate change is considered an irreversible problem, which might directly or indirectly affect all the organisms and ecosystems on the earth and the world has to struggle with. Plants having no effective movement mechanism are the group that global climate change will affect the most. In order to minimize the species and population losses, it is important to estimate the changes in the available distribution areas of species and to ensure the migration mechanism, which the species will need, by the hand of humans. The present study aims to reveal how potential distribution areas of fir, which is among the significant tree species of Turkey and significant portion of global distribution of which is in Turkey, will change from an altitudinal aspect because of the climate change. The results achieved showed that, because of the effects of global climate change, the suitable distribution areas of Abies nordmanniana subsp. nordmanniana will significantly decrease especially at high altitudes and that suitable distribution areas of Abies nordmanniana subsp. equi-trojani will reduce at altitudes higher than 1400 m but increase generally at the altitudes between 200 and 600 m. Moreover, suitable distribution areas of Abies cilicica will shift towards higher altitudes. © 2022, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.

关键词： Climate change

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Are regional precipitation-productivity relationships robust to decadal-scale dry period?

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2022年第4期15卷 711-720页

作者： Zhongmin Hu Minqi Liang Alan Knapp Jianyang Xia Wenping Yuan School of Geography South China Normal UniversityShipai CampusGuangzhou 510631China College of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China Department of Biology and Graduate Degree Program in Ecology Colorado State UniversityFort CollinsCO 80523USA Tiantong National Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station School of Ecological and Environmental SciencesEast China Normal UniversityShanghai 200062China Institute of Eco-Chongming(IEC) Shanghai 200062China School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 519082China

Precipitation(PPT)is the primary climatic determinant of plant growth and aboveground net primary productivity(ANPP)for many of the world’s major terrestrial ***,relationships between PPT and productivity can provide insight into how changes in climate may alter ecosystem functions *** PPT–ANPP relationships for grasslands are found remarkably similar around the world,but whether and how they change during periods of extended climatic anomalies remain ***,we quantifed how regional-scale PPTANPP relationships vary between an extended wet and a dry period by taking advantage of a 35-year record of PPT and NDVI(as a surrogate for ANPP)at 1700 sites in the temperate grasslands of northern *** found a sharp decrease in the strength of the spatial PPT–ANPP relationship during an 11-year period of below average *** attributed the collapse of this relationship to asynchrony in the responses of different grassland types to this decadal period of increased *** results challenge the robustness of regional PPT–productivity if aridity in grasslands is increased globally by climate change.

关键词： grassland net primary productivity precipitation–productivity relation drought climate change NDVI

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