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SSRN 2022年

作者： de Santana, Daiani Coelho Pereira Morais, Fernanda Mendes Machado, Richard Simon Reinol da Silva, Mariella de Oliveira, Mariana Pacheco Costa, Ana Beatriz Espindola da Silva, Larissa Zepon, Karine Modolon Rezin, Gislaine Tezza Kanis, Luiz Alberto Pharmaceutical Technology Laboratory University of Southern Santa Catarina Tubarão SC 88704-900 Brazil Graduate Program in Environmental Sciences University of Southern Santa Catarina Tubarão SC 88704-900 Brazil Graduate Program in Health Sciences University of South Santa Catarina Tubarão SC 88704-900 Brazil

Transdermal pharmaceutical products prevent drug interactions with food and first-pass metabolism and reduce drug dosage and applications. Among the various transdermal systems studied, film-forming system (FFS) is presented as a new technology for the release of drugs in skin. This article aims to evalute prepared FFSs with tranexamic acid (ATX) for controlled release after microneedling. We also compared the permeation of ATX in FFS with that of ATX in solution. FFS was prepared using poly vinyl alcohol, pectin, glycerol, poly caprolactone triol, and ATX. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, mechanical tests, viscosity, drying time, and skin permeation assay using Franz-vertical diffusion cells. Our results showed that permeation of ATX in solution (3% solution) with microneedling was 35 times greater than that of ATX in FFS without microneedling. In view of these results, it can be concluded that FFS proposed for reducing the skin permeation of ATX may prove to be a good choice for long-term treatment by causing sustained drug release. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drug dosage

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Exposure to the gut microbiota from cigarette smoke-exposed mice exacerbates cigarette smoke extract-induced inflammation in zebrafish larvae

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Current Research in Immunology 2021年 2卷 229-236页

作者： Morris, Simone Wright, Kathryn Malyla, Vamshikrishna Britton, Warwick J. Hansbro, Philip M. Manuneedhi Cholan, Pradeep Oehlers, Stefan H. Tuberculosis Research Program at the Centenary Institute The University of Sydney Camperdown NSW Australia Centre for Inflammation Centenary Institute and University of Technology Sydney Faculty of Science School of Life Sciences Sydney NSW Australia Discipline of Pharmacy Graduate School of Health University of Technology Sydney Sydney NSW Australia Department of Clinical Immunology Royal Prince Alfred Hospital Camperdown Australia The University of Sydney Faculty of Medicine and Health Camperdown NSW Australia

Cigarette smoke (CS)-induced inflammation leads to a range of diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cancer. The gut microbiota is a major modifying environmental factor that determine the severity of cigarette smoke-induced pathology. Microbiomes and metabolites from CS-exposed mice exacerbate lung inflammation via the gut-lung axis of shared mucosal immunity in mice but these systems are expensive to establish and analyse. Zebrafish embryos and larvae have been used to model the effects of cigarette smoking on a range of physiological processes and offer an amenable platform for screening modifiers of cigarette smoke-induced pathologies with key features of low cost and rapid visual readouts. Here we exposed zebrafish larvae to cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and characterised a CSE-induced leukocytic inflammatory phenotype with increased neutrophilic and macrophage inflammation in the gut. The CSE-induced phenotype was exacerbated by co-exposure to microbiota from the faeces of CS-exposed mice, but not control mice. Microbiota could be recovered from the gut of zebrafish and studied in isolation in a screening setting. This demonstrates the utility of the zebrafish-CSE exposure platform for identifying environmental modifiers of cigarette smoking-associated pathology and demonstrates that the CS-exposed mouse gut microbiota potentiates the inflammatory effects of CSE across host species. © 2021 The Authors

关键词： Cigarette smoke Enterocolitis Microbiota Zebrafish

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Predicting Microsatellite Instability from Histology Images with Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer in Colorectal Cancer

Predicting Microsatellite Instability from Histology Images ...

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IEEE Symposium on Bioinformatics and Bioengineering (BIBE)

作者： Yun-Chi Chen Tung Chao Wimaya Nitya Phandita Tzu-Yu Sun Huai-Zhi Wang Yi-Hsien Hsieh Le-Yin Hsu Che Lin Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University (NTU) Taipei Taiwan College of Bioresources and Agriculture NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Communication Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Data Science Degree Program NTU Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering NTU Taipei Taiwan Center for Advanced Computing and Imaging in Biomedicine NTU Taipei Taiwan Smart Medicine and Health Informatics Program NTU Taipei Taiwan

ISBN: (数字)9798331518622

ISBN: (纸本)9798331518639

Microsatellite instability (MSI) is a pivotal genetic marker influencing the efficacy of immunotherapy in colorectal cancer. Traditional MSI examination often requires additional genetic or immunohistochemical tests, whereas histology images, widely available in colorectal cancer diagnosis, offer a valuable alternative for MSI prediction. Although Transformer-based models have demonstrated promising outcomes in predicting MSI from histology images, they are hampered by traditional local attention mechanisms that struggle to capture long-range interdependencies and establish a comprehensive global receptive field. In this study, we introduce DiNAT-MSI, a novel framework for histology-based MSI prediction that incorporates the Dilated Neighborhood Attention Transformer (DiNAT). This model enhances global context recognition and substantially expands receptive fields, all without additional computational burden. Our results demonstrate that DiNAT-MSI achieves a superior patientwise AUROC compared to ResNet18 and Swin Transformer, along with commendable explainability. Our work not only illustrates a more accessible diagnostic tool for leveraging histological data but also underscores the potential of Transformerbased models with sophisticated attention designs in advancing precision medicine for colorectal cancer patients.

关键词： Attention mechanisms Histopathology Computational modeling Precision medicine Small satellites Immunotherapy Colorectal cancer Predictive models Transformers Genetics

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Decreased incidence followed by comeback of pediatric infections during the COVID‑19 pandemic in Japan

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第8期18卷 564-567页

作者： Cyrus Ghaznavi Haruka Sakamoto Takayuki Kawashima Sayaka Horiuchi Masahiro Ishikane Sarah Krull Abe Daisuke Yoneoka Akifumi Eguchi Yuta Tanoue Masahiro Hashizume Shuhei Nomura Department of Health Policy and Management School of MedicineKeio University35 ShinanomachiShinjuku-kuTokyo 160-8582Japan Medical Education Program Washington University School of Medicine in St.LouisSaint LouisUSA Department of Global Health Policy Graduate School of MedicineThe University of TokyoTokyoJapan Tokyo Foundation for Policy Research TokyoJapan Department of Hygiene and Public Health Tokyo Women’s Medical UniversityTokyoJapan Department of Mathematical and Computing Science Tokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyoJapan Center for Birth Cohort Studies University of YamanashiYamanashiJapan Disease Control and Prevention Center National Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan Division of Prevention National Cancer Center Institute for Cancer ControlTokyoJapan Infectious Disease Surveillance Center National Institute of Infectious DiseasesTokyoJapan Department of Sustainable Health Science Center for Preventive Medical SciencesChiba UniversityChibaJapan Institute for Business and Finance Waseda UniversityTokyoJapan

During the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic,the Japanese government implemented several infection control measures,such as states of emergency(SoE)and school closures,and encouraged universal masking and hand *** activity restrictions and improved hygiene were found to be associated with declines in the incidence of infuenza during the 2019–2020 winter season[1].Prior studies have found that the incidence of seven pediatric infections,such as pharyngoconjunctivitis and varicella,decreased during and after the school closures in Japan[2].As activity restrictions continue to be lifted,there is growing concern that pediatric infections may suddenly return given that the pool of susceptible children increased during the pandemic[3].In this study,we use national infectious disease sentinel data from January 2012 to October 2021 to assess changes in the reported number of pediatric infections in Japan during the COVID-19 *** hypothesize that the reporting of many infectious diseases decreased during the early stages of the pandemic but ultimately returned to normal when activity restrictions were lifted.

关键词： closure return suddenly

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Alleviatory effect of isoquercetin on benign prostatic hyperplasia via IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1698-1710页

作者： Young-Jin Choi Meiqi Fan Nishala Erandi Wedamulla Yujiao Tang Eun-Kyung Kim Department of Food Science and Nutrition Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Center for Silver-targeted Biomaterials Brain Busan 21 Plus programDong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Department of Health Sciences the Graduate School of Dong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Division of Food Bioscience College of Biomedical and Health SciencesKonkuk UniversityChungju 27478Republic of Korea Department of Export Agriculture Faculty of Animal Science and Export AgricultureUva Wellassa UniversityBadulla 90000Sri Lanka School of Bio-Science and Food Engineering Changchun University of Science and TechnologyChangchun 130600China Nutritional Education Major Graduate School of EducationDong-A UniversityBusan 49315Republic of Korea Nutrinomics Lab.Co. Ltd.Busan 49315Republic of Korea

We evaluated the effect of isoquercetin(quercetin-O-3-glucoside-quercetin,IQ)as a functional component of Abeliophyllum disistichum Nakai ethanol extract(ADLE)on prostate cell proliferation and apoptosis and its effects on the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in benign prostatic hyperplasia(BPH).Metabolites in ADLE were analyzed using UHPLC-qTOF-MS and *** was orally administered(1 or 10 mg/kg)to a testosterone propionate-induced BPH rat model,and its effects on the prostate weight were *** effect of IQ on androgen receptor(AR)signaling was analyzed in LNCaP *** IGF-1 and IQ affect the IGF-1/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway in BPH-1 cells was also *** metabolites in ADLE were identified and quantified,which confirmed that ADLE contained abundant IQ(20.88 mg/g).IQ significantly reduced the prostate size in a concentration-dependent manner in a BPH rat model,and significantly decreased the expression of AR signaling factors in the rat prostate tissue and LNCaP cells in a concentration-dependent *** also inhibited the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway activated by IGF-1 treatment in BPH-1 *** BPH-1 cells,IQ led to G0/G1 arrest and suppressed the expression of proliferation factors while inducing ***,IQ shows potential for use as a pharmaceutical and nutraceutical for BPH.

关键词： Isoquercetin Benign prostatic hyperplasia Androgen receptor signaling PI3K/Akt/mtor pathway

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Ergometer-Based Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot for Post-Stroke Hemiplegic Patients with Voluntary Movement Induction using Muscle Synergy

Ergometer-Based Lower Limb Rehabilitation Robot for Post-Str...

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Conference on Human System Interactions, HSI

作者： Daisuke Chugo Yuya Miyazaki Honoka Kubo Satoshi Muramatsu Sho Yokota Jin-Hua She Keio Ishiguro Hiroshi Hashimoto Graduate School of Science and Technology Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo Japan School of Engineering Kwansei Gakuin University Sanda Hyogo Japan School of Information Science and Technology Tokai University Hiratsuka Kanagawa Japan Faculty of Science and Engineering Toyo University Kawagoe Saitama Japan School of Engineering Tokyo University of Technology Hachioji Tokyo Japan School of Health Sciences Tokyo University of Technology Kamata Tokyo Japan Master Program of Innovation for Design and Engineering Advanced Institute of Industrial Technology Shinagawa Tokyo Japan

ISBN: (数字)9798350362916

ISBN: (纸本)9798350362923

This paper proposes a lower limb rehabilitation robot for normal walking in post-stroke hemiplegic patients. Ergometers are commonly used for lower limb rehabilitation, but their use has depended on the experience of physiotherapists. Therefore, this paper proposes a new rehabilitation robot based on an ergometer that leads the patient to voluntary muscle activity and learns how to use the muscles required for normal walking. The paper first compares how pedestrians walk between a normal person and a hemiplegic patient using muscle synergy analysis to identify the lower limb usage required for normal gait. The paper then proposes a method to approach the use of the lower limb required for normal gait by changing the load depending on the position of the pedals when a hemiplegic patient uses the ergometer. This will enable stroke hemiplegic patients to train for normal gait by pedaling the ergometer. The above proposed method has been implemented in our prototype robot and the effectiveness of our proposed method has been confirmed in experiments with post-stroke hemiplegic patients as subjects.

关键词： Legged locomotion Training Pedestrians Prototypes Muscles Stroke (medical condition) Assistive robots

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Isolation of 24-homoscalarane sesterterpenoids from a sponge of the genus Lendenfeldia

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Phytochemistry Letters 2024年 61卷 177-181页

作者： Zheng, Li-Guo Chen, You-Yan Liaw, Chia-Ching Lin, Yu-Chi Chien, Su-Ying Lo, Yi-Hao Tsai, Yu-Chi Hu, Hao-Chun Chen, You-Ying Hwang, Tsong-Long Ou, Tzu-Ming Sung, Ping-Jyun Doctoral Degree Program in Marine Biotechnology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Pingtung 944401 Taiwan School of Traditional Chinese Medicine College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Division of Chinese Materia Medica Development National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine Ministry of Health and Welfare Taipei 112304 Taiwan Department of Biochemical Science and Technology National Chiayi University Chiayi 600355 Taiwan Instrumentation Center National Taiwan University Taipei 106319 Taiwan Department of Family Medicine Zuoying Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 813204 Taiwan Shu-Zen Junior College of Medicine and Management Kaohsiung 821004 Taiwan Institute of Medical Science and Technology National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan School of Chinese Medicine College of Chinese Medicine China Medical University Taichung 404333 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products College of Medicine Chang Gung University Taoyuan 333323 Taiwan Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 333324 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Health Industry Technology College of Human Ecology Chang Gung University of Science and Technology Taoyuan 333324 Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Taoyuan 333423 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City 243303 Taiwan Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal Medicine Kaohsiung Armed Forces General Hospital Kaohsiung 802301 Taiwan Department of Marine Biotechnology and Resources National Sun Yat-sen University Kaohsiung 804201 Taiwan Chinese Medicine Research and Development Center China Medical University Hospital Taichung 404394 Taiwan Graduate Institute of Natural Products Kaohsiung Medical University Kaohsiung 807378 Taiwan Program in Ph

The chemical screening of an algae-containing marine sponge identified as Lendenfeldia species has isolated two 24-homoscalarane sesterterpenoids, including a known compound, felixin A (1) and a new analogue, lendenfeldarane V (2). The structure of 1, obtained in a previous study, was cited for the first time in this study via single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The structure of 2 was ascertained via 2D NMR experiments and a literature review. The absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were delineated with DP4+ computation and specific optical rotation. Homoscalarane 1 exhibited cytotoxicity towards MG63 human osteosarcoma cells. © 2024 Phytochemical Society of Europe

关键词： Felixin Homoscalarane Lendenfeldarane Lendenfeldia MG63

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Measurement of peripheral nerve magnetostimulation thresholds of a head solenoid coil between 200 Hz and 88.1 kHz

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IEEE Journal of Translational Engineering in health and Medicine 2025年 13卷 275-285页

作者： Barksdale, Alex C. Ferris, Natalie G. Mattingly, Eli Sliwiak, Monika Guerin, Bastien Wald, Lawrence L. Davids, Mathias Klein, Valerie MIT Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science CambridgeMA United States Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging CharlestownMA United States Harvard University Harvard Graduate Program in Biophysics CambridgeMA United States Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology BostonMA United States Harvard Medical School BostonMA United States

Objective: Magnetic fields switching at kilohertz frequencies induce electric fields in the body, which can cause peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS). Although magnetostimulation has been extensively studied below 10 kHz, the behavior of PNS at higher frequencies remains poorly understood. This study aims to investigate PNS thresholds at frequencies up to 88.1 kHz and to explore deviations from the widely accepted hyperbolic strength-duration curve (SDC). Methods and procedures: PNS thresholds were measured in the head of 8 human volunteers using a solenoidal coil at 16 distinct frequencies, ranging from 200 Hz to 88.1 kHz. A hyperbolic SDC was used as a reference to compare the frequency-dependent behavior of PNS thresholds. Results: Contrary to the predictions of the hyperbolic SDC, PNS thresholds did not decrease monotonically with frequency. Instead, thresholds reached a minimum near 25 kHz, after which they increased by an average of 39% from 25 kHz to 88.1 kHz across subjects. This pattern indicates a significant deviation from previously observed behavior at lower frequencies. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PNS thresholds exhibit a non-monotonic frequency dependence at higher frequencies, diverging from the traditional hyperbolic SDC. These findings offer critical data for refining neurodynamic models and provide insights for setting PNS safety limits in applications like MRI gradient coils and magnetic particle imaging (MPI). Further investigation is needed to understand the biological mechanisms driving these deviations beyond 25 kHz. Clinical impact: These findings call for further basic research into biological mechanisms underlying high frequency PNS threshold trends, and supports refinement of safety guidelines for MRI and MPI systems for clinical implementation. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Neuroimaging

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Gas vesicle isolated from microorganisms to act as ultrasound contrast agent

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Research on Biomedical Engineering 2021年第1期37卷 1-7页

作者： Garrute, Felipe Vianna Machado, João Carlos Biomedical Engineering Program-COPPE Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Horácio Macedo Ave. 2030 Center of Technology Block H Room 327 Rio de JaneiroRJ21941-914 Brazil Post-graduate Program in Surgical Sciences Department of Surgery School of Medicine Federal University of Rio de Janeiro Carlos Chagas Filho Ave. 373 Health Sciences Center Block K Room 49 Rio de JaneiroRJ21941-902 Brazil

Purpose: Ultrasound contrast agent (UCA), used to enhance the contrast in ultrasonography, consists of microbubbles filled with an inert gas and encapsulated with a protein or a lipidic-stabilize membrane. The UCAs are able to resonate when exposed to ultrasound waves and to generate an echo-acoustic signal with increased intensity. Recently, a technique to produce UCA from microorganisms was developed and it consists of lysing microorganism cells to obtain gas vesicle (GV) after cultivation in the laboratory. GVs occur almost exclusively in aquatic microorganisms, as Microcystis aeruginosa (MYC), and provide buoyancy which permit to float towards the water surface. This work implemented a technique to produce GVs from MYC, at the Ultrasound Laboratory, and inspected their properties of acting as UCAs, analyzed through ultrasonic images acquired at 40 MHz, and their structural characteristics such as morphology, diameter, and length. Methods: After the cultivation of MYC, the buoyant cells with GVs were separated from the culture medium and submitted to cell lysis with chemical treatment. Thereafter, the solution with lysed cells was centrifuged, at 300g during 8 h at 4–8 °C, to isolate the GVs (absorbance 0.6, λ = 500 nm). Results: Transmission electron microscopy inspection revealed the MYC-GVs with elliptical morphology and having a diameter between 100 and 150 nm and length near to 200 nm. B-mode ultrasound images of the solutions proved the GV’s ability to generate an echo signal, thus confirming their performance as UCAs. © 2020, Sociedade Brasileira de Engenharia Biomedica.

关键词： Cytology

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Low Energy Nanoemulsification of Origanum Vulgare Essential Oil: Factors of Influence

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： da Silva, Kaisa J. Machado, Francisco P. de Oliveira, Raquel N. Fernandes, Caio P. Mourão, Samanta C. Post-Graduate Program in Applied Sciences to Health Products Fluminense Federal University RJ NiteróiCEP 24241-000 Brazil Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology Fluminense Federal University Niterói RJ Rio de JaneiroCEP 24241-000 Brazil Laboratory of Technology in Natural Products Fluminense Federal University Niterói RJ Rio de JaneiroCEP 24241-000 Brazil

Origanum vulgare essential oil (EO) is widely used as a preservative in food but its low water solubility limits application in aqueous systems. This study investigated the influence of some factors in the nanoemulsification of this food additive, using a low-energy method. The impact of different surfactants, essential oil-to-surfactant ratios (EOSR), and the use of linseed mucilage in the aqueous phase were evaluated. Carvacrol (70.14%) and o-cymene (7.84%) were the major EO compounds. Linseed mucilage, obtained after lyophilization of the fluid extract, had 63.5% total fiber content and showed characteristic infra-red absorption bands related to polysaccharide. Polysorbate 80 produced smaller droplets compared to Polysorbate 20 at higher EOSR, likely due to better solubilization. Sorbitan monooleate stabilized emulsions at HLB 12.0 and EOSR 1:9, with droplet sizes of 170-180 nm and a polydispersity index below 0.250. Linseed mucilage further reduced droplet size to 140-150 nm at EOSR 1:9 and HLB 13.2. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Oilseeds

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