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450. In Bipolar Disorder, SLC1A2 Promoter Hypomethylation is Associated with Binge Eating Disorder and Nicotine Dependance

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Biological Psychiatry 2017年第10期81卷 S183-S184页

作者： Veldic, Marin Jia, Yun-Fang Choi, YuBin Ayers-Ringler, Jennifer R Biernacka, Joanna M Geske, Jennifer R McElroy, Susan Frye, Mark Choi, Doo-Sup Mayo Clinic Department of Molecular Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN 2Neurobiology of Disease Program Mayo Graduate School Mayo Clinic Rochester MN Department of Psychiatry & Psychology Mayo Clinic Depression Center Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics Mayo Clinic Rochester MN Lindner Center of HOPE/University of Cincinnati College of Medicine Mayo Clinic College of Medicine

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Education for the future

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Science 2018年第6396期360卷 1409-1412页

作者： Cheung, Man Kit Schwendimann, Beat A. Ward, Adrian Pietrzak, Barbara Mollaoglu, Gurkan Duong, Michael Tran Allareddy, Veerasathpurush Ulltveit-Moe, Nils Dutton-Regester, Ken Zhang, Jian Scult, Matthew A. Singh, Poonam C. Yan, Hong Young Naz, Saima Isaacson, Kyle Dennis, Allison F. Beardsley, Felicia Rounds Al-Humaidan, Eyad Ibrahim Lo, Cody Jones, Tyler Sood, Prashant Nieuwenhuis, Rense Ali, Basant A. Yu, Kun-Hsing Arthur, Patrick Kobina Kumar, Brijesh Buschke, Falko Chen, Alexander Cingl, Lubomír O’Mullane, Anthony Peter Coetzee, Vinet Zaidi, Syed Shan-e-Ali Konstantinides, Nikos School of Life Sciences Chinese University of Hong Kong Shatin New Territories Hong Kong Graduate School of Education University of California Berkeley Berkeley 94720 CA United States University of Queensland St. Lucia 4072 QLD Australia Department of Hydrobiology Faculty of Biology Biological and Chemical Research Centre University of Warsaw Warsaw 02-089 Poland Department of Oncological Sciences University of Utah School of Medicine Salt Lake City 84112 UT United States Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia 19104 PA United States University of Illinois College of Dentistry Chicago 60612 IL United States Department of Information and Communication Technology University of Agder 4879 Grimstad Norway Department of Genetics and Computational Biology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Brisbane 4006 QLD Australia School of Safety and Environmental Engineering Hunan Institute of Technology Hengyang Hunan 421002 China Lahore 54000 Punjab Pakistan Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Duke University Durham 27708 NC United States National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium Chercheng Pingtung County 94450 Taiwan Division of Plant Microbe Interactions CSIR–National Botanical Research Institute Lucknow 226001 Uttar Pradesh India Program in Cell Molecular Developmental Biology and Biophysics (CMDB) Johns Hopkins University Baltimore 21218 MD United States Stem Cell and Tissue Re-Engineering Program King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre Riyadh Saudi Arabia Department of Sociology and Anthropology University of La Verne La Verne 91750 CA United States Department of Bioengineering University of Utah Salt Lake City 84112 UT United States MRC Centre for Medical Mycology University of Aberdeen Aberdeen AB25 2ZD United Kingdom Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver V6T 1Z2 BC Canada School of Engineering Brown University Providence 02912 RI United States

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Very high-energy gamma-ray detection and long-term multiwavelength view of the flaring blazar B2 1811+31

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Astronomy and Astrophysics 2025年第1期697卷

作者： Abe, K. Abe, S. Abhir, J. Abhishek, A. Acciari, V.A. Aguasca-Cabot, A. Agudo, I. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Engels, A. Arbet Arcaro, C. Asano, K. Babić, A. de Almeida, U. Barres Barrio, J.A. Barrios-Jiménez, L. Batković, I. Baxter, J. González, J. Becerra Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernete, J. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Bronzini, E. Burelli, I. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Carosi, A. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Cerasole, D. Ceribella, G. Chilingarian, A. Cifuentes, A. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D’Ammando, F. D’Amico, G. Vela, P. Da Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. de Menezes, R. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Mendez, C. Delgado Pierro, F. Di Tria, R. Di Venere, L. Di Dinesh, A. Prester, D. Dominis Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Eisenberger, L. Elsaesser, D. Escudero, J. Fariña, L. Foffano, L. Font, L. Fröse, S. Fukazawa, Y. López, R.J. García Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Paiva, J.G. Giesbrecht Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Gradetzke, T. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J.G. Günther, P. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Llorente, J. Herrera Hrupec, D. Imazawa, R. Israyelyan, D. Itokawa, T. Martínez, I. Jiménez Quiles, J. Jiménez Jormanainen, J. Kankkunen, S. Kayanoki, T. Kerszberg, D. Khachatryan, M. Kluge, G.W. Kobayashi, Y. Konrad, J. Kouch, P.M. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Láinez, M. Lamastra, A. Lindfors, E. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. Japanese MAGIC Group Department of Physics Tokai University Kanagawa Hiratsuka259-1292 Japan The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Università di Siena INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain RomeI-00136 Italy Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik GarchingD-85748 Germany Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Zagreb10000 Croatia URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Armenian MAGIC Group A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan0036 Armenia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Norway INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group University of Rijeka Faculty of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Japanese MAGIC Group: Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Armenian MAGIC Gro

Context. Among the blazars whose emission has been detected up to very high-energy (VHE;100 GeV 14 δD cm on the size of the emission region responsible for the γ-ray flare, with δD being the relativistic Doppler factor of the region. During the 2020 high state, the average spectrum became harder in the HE γ-ray band compared to the low states. A similar behavior has been observed in X-rays. Conversely, during different activity periods, we find harder-when-brighter trends in X-rays and a hint of softer-when-brighter trends at HE γ rays. A long-term HE γ-ray and optical correlation indicates that the same emission regions dominate the radiative output in both ranges, whereas the evolution at 15 GHz shows no correlation with the fluxes at higher frequencies. We test one-zone and two-zone synchrotron-self-Compton models for describing the broadband spectral energy distribution during the 2020 flaring state and investigate the self-consistency of the proposed scenario. c The Authors 2025.

关键词： Gamma radiography

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Rapid improvement of students' soft-skills based on an agile-process approach

Rapid improvement of students' soft-skills based on an agile...

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Frontiers in Education (FIE) Conference

作者： Eduardo Valentin José Reginaldo Hughes Carvalho Raimundo Barreto Post-graduate Program in Informatics (PPGI) Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM) Coroado Manaus Brazil Post-graduate Program in Informatics (PPGI) Institute of Computing (ICOMP) Universidade Federal do Amazonas Manaus AM BR

ISBN: (纸本)9781479984558

Manaus, the capital city of the state of Amazonas and the sixth Brazilian largest gross domestic product, demands highly qualified hardware and software developers for consumer electronics and telecommunication sectors of its free trading zone. However, what can be viewed as an opportunity for the youth alumni of local institutions of higher education contrasts with the low level of qualification provided by such institutions. As a consequence, most positions either remain opened or are occupied by professionals from other Brazilian regions. Moreover, the issue relies more on soft skills than on hard skills, as the local institutions are aligned with International standard academic curriculum and cover modern technologies. Soft skill is the enter barrier to the job market. English proficiency, communication skill, writing (in both Portuguese and English) skill, among others, are top listed failure reasons in the hiring processes. As one project manager highlighted: “it is much cheaper and quicker for the company to fill in some specific technological gaps, than to leverage a poor English proficiency”. This paper presents a proposal of an involving activity aiming to address several soft skills at the same time, with minimal disturbance in the student daily routine. The concept is based on the impact of immersing the student in a systematic project development experience. Clear communicated project goal, where the students have specific roles, with assigned accountable peers, everything under the umbrella of an Agile-like software development process (derived from SCRUM) are in the core of the activity. This paper details the incremental implementation methodology of the program among four research areas, and 23 projects or project activities, involving 34 students. The results of the two years running program will also be described, including the increase of progress visibility by advisors, the improvement of students communication and writing skills and the qualifi

关键词： Software Writing Cities and towns Companies Scrum (Software development) Context Education

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Genomic Decoding of Neuronal Depolarization by Stimulus-Specific NPAS4 Heterodimers

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Cell 2019年第2期179卷 373-391.e27页

作者： G Stefano Brigidi Michael G B Hayes Nathaniel P Delos Santos Andrea L Hartzell Lorane Texari Pei-Ann Lin Anna Bartlett Joseph R Ecker Christopher Benner Sven Heinz Brenda L Bloodgood Division of Biological Sciences Section of Neurobiology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0634 USA. Department of Medicine University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0634 USA. Department of Medicine University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0634 USA Department of Biomedical Informatics University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0634 USA. Division of Biological Sciences Section of Neurobiology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0634 USA Neuroscience Graduate Program University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0634 USA. Genomic Analysis Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA. Genomic Analysis Laboratory The Salk Institute for Biological Studies 10010 N. Torrey Pines Road La Jolla CA 92037 USA Howard Hughes Medical Institute La Jolla CA 92093 USA. Division of Biological Sciences Section of Neurobiology University of California San Diego 9500 Gilman Drive La Jolla CA 92093-0634 USA. Electronic address: blbloodgood@ucsd.edu.

Cells regulate gene expression in response to salient external stimuli. In neurons, depolarization leads to the expression of inducible transcription factors (ITFs) that direct subsequent gene regulation. Depolarization encodes both a neuron's action potential (AP) output and synaptic inputs, via excitatory postsynaptic potentials (EPSPs). However, it is unclear if distinct types of electrical activity can be transformed by an ITF into distinct modes of genomic regulation. Here, we show that APs and EPSPs in mouse hippocampal neurons trigger two spatially segregated and molecularly distinct induction mechanisms that lead to the expression of the ITF NPAS4. These two pathways culminate in the formation of stimulus-specific NPAS4 heterodimers that exhibit distinct DNA binding patterns. Thus, NPAS4 differentially communicates increases in a neuron's spiking output and synaptic inputs to the nucleus, enabling gene regulation to be tailored to the type of depolarizing activity along the somato-dendritic axis of a neuron.

关键词： ARNT ARNT2 CRISPR Cas9 NPAS4 dendrite genome hippocampus immediate early gene inducible transcription factor local translation

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Development of a backdrivable magnetorheological hydraulic piston for passive and active linear actuation

Development of a backdrivable magnetorheological hydraulic p...

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IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems

作者： G. A. Dominguez M. Kamezaki M. French S. Sugano Graduate Program for Embodiment Informatics for Leading Graduate Schools Japan Research Institute for Science and Engineering (RISE) Waseda University Tokyo Japan Graduate Program for Embodiment Informatics for Leading Graduate Schools Waseda University Tokyo Japan Department of Modern Mechanical Engineering Waseda University Shinjuku-ku Tokyo Japan

A new design of a magnetorheological piston prototype intended for passive or active force control in robotic applications for human robot interaction is introduced. It is based in a novel toroidal array of valves, contained within the piston head, which are used to control the output force of the actuator in order to achieve a high degree of reliability, size efficiency, and safety, by exploiting the material properties of magnetorheological fluids and permalloy metals. This paper describes the main points in the development of the magnetorheological piston prototype, the mathematical modelling of the magnetic circuit, and the results of the experiments conducted using a universal testing machine to evaluate the passive performance of the prototype. Results show the feasibility and performance of the new toroidal magnetic circuit of the magnetorheological hydraulic piston prototype. Improvements in order to be able to test the active performance of the design together with a pump setup are proposed.

关键词： Pistons Toroidal magnetic fields Magnetomechanical effects Magnetic heads Actuators Magnetic circuits Valves

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A structural variation reference for medical and population genetics (vol 581, pg 444, 2020)

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NATURE 2021年第7846期590卷 E55-E55页

作者： Collins, Ryan L. Brand, Harrison Karczewski, Konrad J. Zhao, Xuefang Alfoldi, Jessica Francioli, Laurent C. Khera, Amit V. Lowther, Chelsea Gauthier, Laura D. Wang, Harold Watts, Nicholas A. Solomonson, Matthew O'Donnell-Luria, Anne Baumann, Alexander Munshi, Ruchi Walker, Mark Whelan, Christopher W. Huang, Yongqing Brookings, Ted Sharpe, Ted Stone, Matthew R. Valkanas, Elise Fu, Jack Tiao, Grace Laricchia, Kristen M. Ruano-Rubio, Valentin Stevens, Christine Gupta, Namrata Cusick, Caroline Margolin, Lauren Taylor, Kent D. Lin, Henry J. Rich, Stephen S. Post, Wendy S. Chen, Yii-Der Ida Rotter, Jerome I. Nusbaum, Chad Philippakis, Anthony Lander, Eric Gabriel, Stacey Neale, Benjamin M. Kathiresan, Sekar Daly, Mark J. Banks, Eric MacArthur, Daniel G. Talkowski, Michael E. Program in Medical and Population Genetics Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Center for Genomic Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Division of Medical Sciences Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Department of Neurology Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Analytical and Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Analytic and Translational Genetics Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Medicine Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA Data Science Platform Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Broad Genomics Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA European Molecular Biology Laboratory European Bioinformatics Institute Wellcome Genome Campus Hinxton Cambridge UK Stanley Center for Psychiatric Research Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Division of Genetics and Genomics Boston Children’s Hospital Boston MA USA Department of Pediatrics Harvard Medical School Boston MA USA National Heart & Lung Institute and MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences Imperial College London London UK Cardiovascular Research Centre Royal Brompton & Harefield Hospitals NHS Trust London UK Cardiac Arrhythmia Service Cardiovascular Research Center Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Estonian Genome Center Institute of Genomics University of Tartu Tartu Estonia Diabetes Unit Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Program in Metabolism Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Division of Cardiology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Cardiovascular Disease Initiative Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard Cambridge MA USA Division of General Internal Medicine Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA USA Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM) HiLIFE University of Helsinki Helsinki Finland Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine University

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Assessing the translational capacity of five CTSA institutions

Assessing the translational capacity of five CTSA institutio...

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International Conference on Advances in Social Network Analysis and Mining, ASONAM

作者： Charisse Madlock-Brown David Eichmann Health Informatics and Information Management University of Tennessee Heal Science Center Memphis TN Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Informatics University of Iowa Iowa City Iowa

This paper presents collaboration trends for five Clinical and Translational Science Awardee (CTSA) institution to demonstrate the need for new evaluation metrics. Translational science, a methodology that bridges gaps between fundamental and applied science, has gained attention from both the medical research community and government funding agencies. To facilitate interdisciplinary research it is important to understand what aspects of the process act as a bottleneck and limit its effectiveness. Cultural norms within the scientific community make communication between disciplines difficult [1]. CTSAs are meant to help ease burdens and foster an environment where clinicians and basic scientists work together [2]. In 2013, NCATS director, Dr. Chris Austin, said the CTSAs operated "without particular encouragement or direction from the NIH, and this in a disjointed and uncoordinated fashion" [3]. Our intention is to highlight areas of concern and to demonstrate the need and potential for bibliometric translational indicators to help alleviate some of the difficulties with CTSA evaluation by determining the importance of basic scientists in research networks, discussing patterns of co-authorship by institution, and presenting two translational indicators, which can help institutions and funding agencies compare CTSA collaborative patterns.

关键词： Collaboration Biomedical measurement informatics Market research Cultural differences Global communication Classification algorithms

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Author Correction: Proton acceleration in thermonuclear nova explosions revealed by gamma rays

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Nature Astronomy 2022年 760页

作者： V. A. Acciari J. Becerra González E. Colombo R. J. García López J. Herrera A. López-Oramas C. Maggio V. Moreno M. Nievas Rosillo J. Otero-Santos G. Vanzo M. Vazquez Acosta S. Ansoldi B. De Lotto A. Donini F. Longo D. Miceli M. Palatiello M. Persic L. A. Antonelli C. Bigongiari S. Covino V. D’Elia F. Dazzi A. Lamastra F. Leone S. Lombardi L. Maraschi L. Nava S. Paiano C. Righi F. G. Saturni A. Stamerra F. Tavecchio A. Tutone A. Biland S. Fukami M. Artero O. Blanch S. M. Colak M. Delfino J. Delgado E. Do Souto Espiñeira L. Fariña Alonso L. Jouvin D. Kerszberg M. Martínez A. Moralejo E. Moretti C. Nigro C. Priyadarshi J. Rico K. Asano D. Hadasch M. Hütten T. Inada Y. Iwamura Y. Kobayashi D. Mazin K. Noda Y. Ohtani T. Saito S. Sakurai J. Sitarek M. Strzys M. Takahashi R. Takeishi M. Teshima I. Vovk D. Baack H. Bökenkamp D. Elsaesser A. Fattorini L. Linhoff S. Mender W. Rhode K. Schmidt A. Babić Ž. Bošnjak S. Cikota A. Baquero J. A. Barrio J. L. Contreras M. V. Fonseca J. Hoang M. López-Moya A. Mas Aguilar T. Miener D. Morcuende P. Peñil U. Barres de Almeida B. Machado de Oliveira Fraga I. Batković M. Bernardos G. Busetto A. De Angelis M. Doro R. López-Coto M. Mallamaci M. Mariotti E. Prandini A. Spolon W. Bednarek P. Gliwny K. Ishio D. Sobczynska L. Bellizzi S. Menchiari J. M. Miranda R. Paoletti S. Truzzi S. Ventura C. Wunderlich E. Bernardini W. Bhattacharyya M. Garczarczyk K. Satalecka A. Arbet Engels A. Berti J. Besenrieder G. Ceribella Y. Chai G. D’Amico C. Fruck J. G. Green D. Green A. Hahn L. Heckmann R. Mirzoyan D. Paneque M. Pihet T. Schweizer D. Strom J. van Scherpenberg M. Will G. Bonnoli R. Carosi P. Da Vela P. G. Prada Moroni A. Rugliancich M. Cerruti E. Molina J. M. Paredes M. Ribó A. Chilingarian J. Cortina C. Delgado Mendez T. Hassan I. Jiménez Martínez A. Del Popolo D. Depaoli F. Di Pierro C. F. Vigorito L. Di Venere N. Giglietto F. Giordano S. Loporchio D. Dominis Prester M. Manganaro S. Mićanović L. Pavletić T. Terzić D. Dorner K. Mannheim B. Schleicher V. Fallah Ramazani J. Jormanainen E. Lindfors Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias and Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna La Laguna Tenerife Spain Departament de Física and CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain Università di Udine and INFN Trieste Udine Italy International Center for Relativistic Astrophysics (ICRA) Rome Italy Dipartimento di Fisica Università di Trieste Trieste Italy Laboratoire d’Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP) CNRS-IN2P3 Annecy Cedex France INAF Trieste and Dept. of Physics and Astronomy University of Bologna Bologna Italy National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF) Rome Italy ETH Zürich Zürich Switzerland Institut de Física d’Altes Energies (IFAE) The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST) Bellaterra Barcelona Spain Port d’Informació Científica (PIC) Bellaterra Barcelona Spain Japanese MAGIC Group: Institute for Cosmic Ray Research (ICRR) The University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba Japan Max-Planck-Institut für Physik München Germany Technische Universität Dortmund Dortmund Germany Croatian MAGIC Group: University of Zagreb Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing (FER) Zagreb Croatia IPARCOS Institute and EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid Spain Department of Astronomy University of California Berkeley Berkeley CA USA Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF) Rio de Janeiro RJ Brazil Università di Padova and INFN Padova Italy University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz Poland Università di Siena and INFN Pisa Siena Italy Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY) Zeuthen Germany Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Bergen Norway Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada Spain Università di Pisa and INFN Pisa Pisa Italy University of Innsbruck Innsbruck Austria Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB Barcelona Spain Armenian MAGIC Group: A. Alikhanyan National Science Labo

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Multiwavelength variability and correlation studies of Mrk 421 during historically low X-ray and γ-ray activity in 2015–2016

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Acciari, V.A. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Asano, K. Babić, A. Banerjee, Biswajit Baquero, A. Barres De Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bellizzi, L. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bhattacharyya, W. Bigongiari, C. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Busetto, G. Carosi, R. Ceribella, G. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cikota, S. Colak, S.M. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D’Amico, G. D’Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Depaoli, D. Di Girolamo, T. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Do Souto Espiñeira, E. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Doro, M. Fallah Ramazani, V. Fattorini, A. Ferrara, G. Foffano, L. Fonseca, M.V. Font, L. Fruck, C. Fukami, S. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinović, N. Green, J.G. Green, D. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hoang, J. Hrupec, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Inoue, S. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jormanainen, J. Jouvin, L. Kajiwara, Y. Karjalainen, M. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Lelas, D. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López, M. López-Coto, R. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Machado De Oliveira Fraga, B. Maggio, C. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mallamaci, M. Maneva, G. Manganaro, M. Maraschi, L. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Mazin, D. Mender, S. Mićanović, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Minev, M. Miranda, J.M. Mirzoyan, R. Molina, E. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moreno, V. Moretti, E. Munar-Adrover, P. Neustroev, V. Nigro, C. Nilsson, K. Ninci, D. Nishijima, K. Noda, K. Nozaki, S. Ohtani, Y. Oka, T. Otero-Santos, J. Palatiello, M. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Paredes, J.M. Pavletić, L. Peñil, P. Perennes, C. Persic, M. Prada Moroni, P.G. Prandini, E. Priyadarshi, C. Puljak, I. Inst. de Astrofísica de Canarias La LagunaE-38200 Spain Universidad de La Laguna Dpto. Astrofísica Tenerife La LagunaE-38206 Spain Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy RomeI-00136 Italy Japanese MAGIC Consortium ICRR The University of Tokyo Chiba277-8582 Japan Department of Physics Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Tokai University Kanagawa259-1292 Japan Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Konan University Hyogo658-8501 Japan RIKEN Saitama351-0198 Japan Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Croatian Consortium: University of Rijeka Department of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia University of Split - FESB Split21000 Croatia University of Zagreb - FER Zagreb10000 Croatia University of Osijek Osijek31000 Croatia Rudjer Boskovic Institute Zagreb10000 Croatia IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Università di Siena and INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Frascati Roma00044 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik MünchenD-80805 Germany Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain The Armenian Consortium: ICRANet-Armenia at NAS RA A. Alikhanyan National Laboratory Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany University of Turku TurkuFI-20014 Finland Astronomy Research Unit University of Oulu OuluFI-90014 Finland Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Bellaterra E-08193 Spain Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics HBNI 1/AF Bi

We report a characterization of the multi-band flux variability and correlations of the nearby (z=0.031) blazar Markarian 421 (Mrk 421) using data from Metsähovi, Swift, Fermi-LAT, MAGIC, FACT and other collaborations and instruments from November 2014 till June 2016. Mrk 421 did not show any prominent flaring activity, but exhibited periods of historically low activity above 1 TeV (F>1TeV -12 ph cm-2 s-1) and in the 2-10 keV (X-ray) band (F2-10 keV -11 erg cm-2 s-1), during which the Swift-BAT data suggests an additional spectral component beyond the regular synchrotron *** highest flux variability occurs in X-rays and very-high-energy (E>0.1 TeV) γ-rays, which, despite the low activity, show a significant positive correlation with no time lag. The HRkeV and HRTeV show the harder-when-brighter trend observed in many blazars, but the trend flattens at the highest fluxes, which suggests a change in the processes dominating the blazar variability. Enlarging our data set with data from years 2007 to 2014, we measured a positive correlation between the optical and the GeV emission over a range of about 60 days centered at time lag zero, and a positive correlation between the optical/GeV and the radio emission over a range of about 60 days centered at a time lag of 43+-96 *** observation is consistent with the radio-bright zone being located about 0.2 parsec downstream from the optical/GeV emission regions of the jet. The flux distributions are better described with a LogNormal function in most of the energy bands probed, indicating that the variability in Mrk 421 is likely produced by a multiplicative process. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical correlation

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