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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Yucheng Wang, Zehao Xie, Fang Huang, Yuefei Gao, Bin Oh, Ji Seop Wu, Han Liu, Zhaoyu Ren, Zheng Fang, Yuan Biswas, Ananya Zhang, Yichen Yue, Ziqin Hu, Cheng Jozwiak, Chris Bostwick, Aaron Rotenberg, Eli Hashimoto, Makoto Lu, Donghui Kono, Junichiro Chu, Jiun-Haw Yakobson, Boris I. Birgeneau, Robert J. Si, Qimiao Dai, Pengcheng Yi, Ming Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Advanced Light Source Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Physics University of Washington Washington98105 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

In the quest for novel quantum states driven by topology and correlation, kagome lattice materials have garnered significant interest due to their distinctive electronic band structures, featuring flat bands (FBs) arising from the quantum destructive interference of the electronic wave function. The tuning of the FBs to the chemical potential would lead to the possibility of liberating electronic instabilities that lead to emergent electronic orders. Despite extensive studies, direct evidence of FBs tuned to the chemical potential and their participation in emergent electronic orders have been lacking in bulk quantum materials. Here using a combination of Angle-Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) and Density Functional Theory (DFT), we reveal that the low-energy electronic structure of the recently discovered Cr-based kagome metal superconductor CsCr3Sb5 is dominated by a pervasive FB in close proximity to, and below the Fermi level. A comparative analysis with orbital-projected DFT and polarization dependence measurement uncovers that an orbital-selective renormalization mechanism is needed to reconcile the discrepancy with the DFT calculations, which predict the FB to appear 200 meV above the Fermi level. Furthermore, we observe the FB to shift away from the Fermi level by 20 meV in the low-temperature density wave-ordered phase, highlighting the role of the FB in the emergent electronic order. Our results reveal CsCr3Sb5 to stand out as a promising platform for further exploration into the effects of FBs near the Fermi level on kagome lattices, and their role in emergent orders in bulk quantum materials. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Density functional theory

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Development of a Tricalcium Silicate-Based Endodontic Repair Cement with ZnO: Evaluation of Radiopacity, Setting Behavior, and Cytotoxicity

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Ceramics International 2025年

作者： Giovane Augusto de Abreu Betinelli Anarela Bernardi Vassen Fabiano Raupp-Pereira Oscar Rubem Klegues Montedo Manuel Joaquim Ribeiro Tiago Bender Wermuth Sabrina Arcaro Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering (PPGCEM) Biomaterials and Nanostructured Materials Group Technical Ceramics Laboratory (CerTec) Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC) 88806-000 Criciúma SC Brazil ProMetheus-Research Unit in Materials Energy and Environment for Sustainability Polytechnic Institute of Viana do Castelo (IPVC) Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares Viana do Castelo Portugal

Calcium silicate-based cements are widely used in endodontics owing to their bioactive characteristics that stimulate tissue regeneration. However, finding an ideal material that meets the requirements of the physicochemical, mechanical, and biological properties for filling materials used in endodontics remains a significant challenge. This study aims to evaluate the physicochemical, mechanical and cytotoxic properties of a new nanostructured biocement based on tricalcium silicate (C 3 S) containing 20, 25, or 30 wt% ZnO synthesised through combustion at 600 ºC and subsequent heat-treatment at 1000 ºC. The C 3 S phase of the monoclinic polymorph, which is the most reactive among the available polymorphs, formed alongside a minority phase of dicalcium silicate. The concentrations were tested for setting time (Vicat), radiopacity (X-rays), endodontic flow (ISO 6876), compressive strength (ISO 9917), and antimicrobial activity using toxicity profiles (MTT). A complete characterisation of the crystal structure, functional groups, and morphology of the biocement was performed. The results indicate that the C 3 S-20% ZnO sample exhibits ideal characteristics for endodontic repairs with a short setting time (8.5 min), non-toxic cell viability in murine fibroblasts at concentrations of up to 25 wt% ZnO, and low endodontic flow (Ø=18.03 mm). These findings suggest that this new biomaterial can significantly improve endodontic treatments and contribute to advances in biomedicine. Future rheological research on biomaterials and animal models is essential to better understand their flow and interactions with biological tissues, broadening their clinical applicability.

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Perovskite-transition metal dichalcogenides heterostructures: recent advances and future perspectives

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Opto-Electronic science 2022年第8期1卷 1-40页

作者： Ahmed Elbanna Ksenia Chaykun Yulia Lekina Yuanda Liu Benny Febriansyah Shuzhou Li Jisheng Pan Ze Xiang Shen Jinghua Teng Institute of Materials Research and Engineering Agency for ScienceTechnology and Research(A*STAR)2 Fusionopolis WaySingapore 138634Singapore Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical SciencesNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 637371Singapore Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Energy Research Institute@NTUNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore The Photonics Institute and Center for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798 Singapore School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore 639798Singapore Berkeley Educational Alliance for Research in Singapore(BEARS) Ltd.1 CREATE WaySingapore 138602Singapore.

Transition metal dichalcogenides(TMDs)and perovskites are among the most attractive and widely investigated semiconductors in the recent *** are promising materials for various applications,such as photodetection,solar energy harvesting,light emission,and many *** these materials to form heterostructures can enrich the already fascinating properties and bring up new phenomena and *** in this field is growing rapidly in both fundamental studies and device ***,we review the recent findings in the perovskite-TMD heterostructures and give our perspectives on the future development of this promising *** fundamental properties of the perovskites,TMDs,and their heterostructures are discussed first,followed by a summary of the synthesis methods of the perovskites and TMDs and the approaches to obtain high-quality *** attention is paid to the TMD-perovskite heterostructures that have been applied in solar cells and photodetectors with notable performance *** through our analysis,we propose an outline on further fundamental studies and the promising applications of perovskite-TMD heterostructures.

关键词： transition metal dichalcogenides perovskites heterostructures photodetectors solar cells 2D materials

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Assessment of circulating extracellular vesicles from calorie-restricted mice and humans in ischaemic injury models

Journal of Extracellular Biology

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Journal of Extracellular Biology 2023年第5期2卷 e86页

作者： Jaimes, Manuel S. V. Liao, Chia-Te Chen, Max M. Czosseck, Andreas Lee, Tsung-Lin Chou, Yu-Hsiang Chen, Yung-Ming Lin, Shuei-Liong Lai, James J. Lundy, David J. Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials & Tissue Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine Shuang Ho Hospital Taipei Medical University New Taipei Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan TMU Research Center of Urology and Kidney (TMU-RCUK) Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Division of Nephrology Department of Internal Medicine National Taiwan University Hospital College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Graduate Institute of Physiology College of Medicine National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Bioengineering University of Washington Seattle WA United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei Taiwan International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei Taiwan Center for Cell Therapy Taipei Medical University Hospital Taipei Taiwan

Calorie restriction (CR) and fasting affect lifespan, disease susceptibility and response to acute injury across multiple animal models, including ischaemic injuries such as myocardial infarction or kidney hypoxia. The cargo and function of circulating extracellular vesicles (EV) respond to changes in host physiology, including exercise, injury, and other interventions. Thus, we hypothesised that EVs induced following CR may reflect some of the beneficial properties of CR itself. In a pilot study, EVs were isolated from mice following 21 days of 30 % CR, and from eight human donors after 72 h water-only fasting. EV size, concentration and morphology were profiled by NTA, western blot and cryoEM, and their function was assessed using multiple assays related to ischaemic diseases. We found that EVs from post-fasting samples better protected cardiac cells from hypoxia/reperfusion (H/R) injury compared to pre-fasting EVs. However, there was no difference when used to treat H/R-injured kidney epithelial cells. Post-fasting derived EVs slowed the rate of fibroblast migration and slightly reduced macrophage inflammatory gene expression compared to pre-fasting derived EVs. Lastly, we compared miRNA cargos of pre- and post-fasting human serum EVs and found significant changes in a small number of miRNAs. We conclude that fasting appears to influence EV cargo and function, with varied effects worthy of further exploration. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Extracellular Biology published by Wiley Periodicals, LLC on behalf of the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles.

关键词： calorie restriction cardiomyocyte diet extracellular vesicle fasting hypoxia ketone macrophage microRNA serum

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Magnetic anisotropy of the van der Waals ferromagnet Cr2Ge2Te6 studied by angular-dependent x-ray magnetic circular dichroism

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Physical Review Research 2022年第1期4卷 013139-013139页

作者： M. Suzuki B. Gao G. Shibata S. Sakamoto Y. Nonaka K. Ikeda Z. Chi Y.-X. Wan T. Takeda Y. Takeda T. Koide A. Tanaka M. Kobayashi S.-W. Cheong A. Fujimori Department of Physics The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Rutgers Center for Emergent Materials and Department of Physics and Astronomy Rutgers University Piscataway New Jersey 08854 USA Department of Applied Physics Tokyo University of Science Katsushika-ku Tokyo 125-8585 Japan Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Systems The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-8656 Japan Materials Sciences Research Center Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA) Sayo Hyogo 679-5148 Japan Photon Factory Institute of Materials Structure Science High Energy Accelerator Research Organization Tsukuba Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan Quantum Matter Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-hiroshima 739-8530 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network The University of Tokyo Bunkyo-ku Tokyo 113-0033 Japan Department of Applied Physics Waseda University Shinjuku-ku Tokyo 169-8555 Japan

The van der Waals ferromagnet Cr2Ge2Te6 (CGT) has a two-dimensional crystal structure where each layer is stacked through van der Waals force. We have investigated the nature of the ferromagnetism and the weak perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) of CGT by means of x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) studies of CGT single crystals. The XMCD spectra at the Cr L2,3 edge for different magnetic field directions were analyzed on the basis of the cluster-model multiplet calculation. The Cr valence is confirmed to be 3+ and the orbital magnetic moment is found to be nearly quenched, as expected for the high-spin t2g3 configuration of the Cr3+ ion. A large (∼0.2 eV) trigonal crystal-field splitting of the t2g level caused by the distortion of the CrTe6 octahedron has been revealed, while the single-ion anisotropy (SIA) of the Cr atom is found to have a sign opposite to the observed PMA and too weak compared to the reported anisotropy energy. The present result suggests that anisotropic exchange coupling between the Cr atoms through the ligand Te 5p orbitals having strong spin-orbit coupling has to be invoked to explain the weak PMA of CGT, as in the case of the strong PMA of CrI3.

关键词： Electronic structure Magnetic anisotropy 2-dimensional systems Magnetic semiconductors Cluster models X-ray magnetic circular dichroism

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Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy with an in situ tunable magnetic field

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2023年

作者： Huang, Jianwei Yue, Ziqin Baydin, Andrey Zhu, Hanyu Nojiri, Hiroyuki Kono, Junichiro He, Yu Yi, Ming Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley–Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University Katahira 2-1-1 Sendai980-8577 Japan Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States

Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES) is a powerful tool for probing the momentum-resolved single-particle spectral function of materials. Historically, in situ magnetic fields have been carefully avoided as they are detrimental to the control of photoelectron trajectory during the photoelectron detection process. However, magnetic field is an important experimental knob for both probing and tuning symmetry-breaking phases and electronic topology in quantum materials. In this paper, we introduce an easily implementable method for realizing an in situ tunable magnetic field at the sample position in an ARPES experiment and analyze magnetic field induced artifacts in ARPES data. Specifically, we identified and quantified three distinct extrinsic effects of a magnetic field: Constant energy contour rotation, emission angle contraction, and momentum broadening. We examined these effects in three prototypical quantum materials, i.e., a topological insulator (Bi2Se3), an iron-based superconductor (LiFeAs), and a cuprate superconductor (Pb-Bi2Sr2CuO6+x), and demonstrate the feasibility of ARPES measurements in the presence of a controllable magnetic field. Our studies lay the foundation for the future development of the technique and interpretation of ARPES measurements of field-tunable quantum phases. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Photoelectrons

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Stacking-fault networks with Lomer-Cottrell locks induced by carbon addition in a severely strained Cr-Co-Ni alloy

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Journal of Alloys and Compounds 2025年 1033卷

作者： Guilherme Cardeal Stumpf Gustavo Bertoli Francisco Gil Coury Augusta Cerceau Isaac Neta Luciano Andrey Montoro Roberto Braga Figueiredo Witor Wolf Graduate Program in Metallurgical Materials and Minning Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Belo Horizonte MG 31270-901 Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos Rod. Washington Luiz Km 235 São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos SP 13565-905 Brazil Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 Belo Horizonte MG 31270-901 Brazil Department of Chemistry Federal University of Minas Gerais Av. Antônio Carlos 6627 Belo Horizonte MG 31270-901 Brazil Department of Materials Engineering São Carlos School of Engineering University of São Paulo (EESC–USP) São Carlos SP 13563-120 Brazil

Face-centered cubic (FCC) Cr-Co-Ni multi-principal element alloys are among the toughest materials ever designed. The optimal trade-off between strength and ductility shown by these materials is tied with their deformation evolution. Typically, their plastic deformation starts with dislocation slip, followed by mechanical twinning (i.e., twinning induced plasticity, TWIP) and, as strain levels further increase, phase transformation induced by plasticity (TRIP). This work evaluates the deformation substructure of a highly strained (achieved with high-pressure torsion) Cr 40 Co 30 Ni 30 (at%) alloy with and without carbon alloying. After processing, the carbon-free alloy developed a typical substructure observed in FCC Medium/High-entropy alloys at later stages of straining, characterized by the presence of nanotwins and HCP lamellae, resulting in a 5.9 GPa hardness. In contrast, carbon addition induced grain refinement and suppression of the TWIP and TRIP effects. Notably, the Cr 39.6 Co 30 Ni 30 C 0.4 alloy developed networks of stacking faults with partial dislocations and Lomer-Cottrell locks, which primarily contributed to a stronger hardening capability, resulting in an increased hardness of 7.3 ± 0.8 GPa, 22 % (1.3 GPa) higher than the base alloy. These findings have important implications for better understanding the deformation substructure evolution of FCC multi-principal element alloys and can pave the way forward in regard to the design approaches for carbon-alloying in these materials.

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Loss tangent fluctuations due to two-level systems in superconducting microwave resonators

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Vallières, A. Russell, M.E. You, X. Garcia-Wetten, D.A. Goronzy, D.P. Walker, M.J. Bedzyk, M.J. Hersam, M.C. Romanenko, A. Lu, Y. Grassellino, A. Koch, J. McRae, C.R.H. Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory BataviaIL60510 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Center for Applied Physics and Superconducting Technologies Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Electrical Computing and Energy Engineering Department University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States Department of Physics University of Colorado BoulderCO80309 United States National Institute of Standards and Technology BoulderCO80305 United States

Superconducting microwave resonators are critical to quantum computing and sensing technologies. Additionally, they are common proxies for superconducting qubits when determining the effects of performance-limiting loss mechanisms such as from two-level systems (TLS). The extraction of these loss mechanisms is often performed by measuring the internal quality factor Qi as a function of power or temperature. In this work, we investigate large temporal fluctuations of Qi at low powers over periods of 12 to 16 hours (relative standard deviation σQi/Qi = 13%). These fluctuations are ubiquitous across multiple resonators, chips and cooldowns. We are able to attribute these fluctuations to variations in the TLS loss tangent due to two main indicators. First, measured fluctuations decrease as power and temperature increase. Second, for interleaved measurements, we observe correlations between low- and medium-power Qi fluctuations and an absence of correlations with high-power fluctuations. Agreement with the TLS loss tangent mean is obtained by performing measurements over a time span of a few hours. We hypothesize that, in addition to decoherence due to coupling to individual near-resonant TLS, superconducting qubits are affected by these observed TLS loss tangent fluctuations. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Qubits

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Incommensurate magnetic orders and topological Hall effect in the square-net centrosymmetric EuGa2Al2 system

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Physical Review materials 2022年第7期6卷 074201-074201页

作者： Jaime M. Moya Shiming Lei Eleanor M. Clements Caitlin S. Kengle Stella Sun Kevin Allen Qizhi Li Y. Y. Peng Ali A. Husain Matteo Mitrano Matthew J. Krogstad Raymond Osborn Anand B. Puthirath Songxue Chi L. Debeer-Schmitt J. Gaudet P. Abbamonte Jeffrey W. Lynn E. Morosan Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA NIST Center for Neutron Research National Institute of Standards and Technology Gaithersburg Maryland 20899 USA Department of Physics University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Urbana Illinois 61801 USA International Center for Quantum Materials School of Physics Peking University CN-100871 Beijing China Department of Physics and Astronomy and Quantum Matter Institute University of British Columbia Vancouver British Columbia Canada V6T 1Z1 Department of Physics Harvard University Cambridge Massachusetts 02138 USA Materials Science Division Argonne National Laboratory Lemont Illinois 60439 USA Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge Tennessee 37831 USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Maryland College Park Maryland 20742-2215 USA

Neutron diffraction on the centrosymmetric square-net magnet EuGa2Al2 reveals multiple incommensurate magnetic states (AFM1, 2, 3) in zero field. In applied field, a new magnetic phase (A) is identified from magnetization and transport measurements, bounded by two of the μ0H=0 incommensurate magnetic phases (AFM1, helical, and AFM3, cycloidal) with different moment orientations. Moreover, magnetotransport measurements indicate the presence of a topological Hall effect, with maximum values centered in the A phase. Together, these results render EuGa2Al2 a material with noncoplanar or topological spin texture in applied field. X-ray diffraction reveals an out-of-plane (OOP) charge density wave (CDW) below TCDW∼50 K while the magnetic propagation vector lies in plane below TN=19.5 K. Together these data point to a new route to realizing in-plane noncollinear spin textures through an OOP CDW. In turn, these noncollinear spin textures may be unstable against the formation of topological spin textures in an applied field.

关键词： Charge density waves Exotic phases of matter Hall effect Magnetic phase transitions Magnetotransport Symmetry protected topological states Topological materials

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Correction: Advancements in additive manufacturing for video laryngoscopes: a comprehensive scoping and technological review

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Systematic reviews 2024年第1期13卷 31页

作者： Ana Cristina Beitia Kraemer Moraes Chiara das Dores do Nascimento Everton Granemann Souza Mauricio Beitia Kraemer Mauricio Moraes Neftali Lenin Villarreal Carreno Evandro Piva Rafael Guerra Lund Pelotas Dental School Graduate Program in Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS 96010‑560 Brazil. Master's Degree in Electronic and Computer Engineering Center for Social and Technological Sciences Catholic University of Pelotas Pelotas RS 96015‑560 Brazil. Faculty of Medicine São Francisco University Bragança Paulista SP 12916‑900 Brazil. Faculty of Medicine Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS 96010‑560 Brazil. Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Technological Development Center Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS 96010‑610 Brazil. Pelotas Dental School Graduate Program in Dentistry Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS 96010‑560 Brazil. rafael.lund@***. Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Technological Development Center Federal University of Pelotas Pelotas RS 96010‑610 Brazil. rafael.lund@***.

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