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作者： Bae, H.J. Kang, S.M. Kim, T.S. Yoon, D.H. Interdisciplinary Graduate School Program for Photovoltaic Specialist Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Republic of School of Advanced Materials Science and Engineering Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 440-746 Korea Republic of

This study evaluated one step sol-gel process for the simultaneous formation of surface texturing without a series of chemical etching processes, as well as anti-reflection coatings without complicated vacuum processes and p-n junctions. The solutions for this process were prepared from a proper combination of precursors containing phosphorus and nano-size silicon dioxide particles. The specimen heat treated at 1000 °C showed the lowest reflectivity of 9% at a wavelength of 650 nm. In addition, the I-V test confirmed formation of a p-n junction. Therefore, the production of solar cells may be reduced to two steps, sol-gel and electrode printing. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

关键词： Antireflection coatings

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Pressure Assisted Crystallization of MnAl Thin Films

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MRS Online Proceedings Library (OPL) 2011年第1期695卷 L13.5.1-L13.5.1页

作者： Gregory A. Fischer M. Lea Rudee Vitali F. Nesterenko Sastry Indrakanti Graduate Program in Materials Science/Center for Magnetic Recording Research University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA. 92093-0401 Graduate Program in Materials Science/Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California at San Diego La Jolla CA. 92093-0411

The effect of hot isostatic pressure processing (HIP) on MnAl films has been compared to vacuum annealing for the purpose of obtaining substantial amounts of tau phase MnAl in films under 200 nm. Films were deposited by dc sputtering from both MnAlNiC an MnAl targets. As-deposited films were nearly amorphous. Post deposition annealing in vacuum produced only small amounts of the ferromagnetic tau-phase in films thinner than 200 *** all instances, regardless of substrate and sputtering target, the use of HIP in place of vacuum annealing increased the degree of crystallinity of the samples when compared to those annealed in vacuum. For the 100 nm samples deposited from the MnAlNiC target, these changes in crystallinity were accompanied by changes in the M-H loops of the samples. MnAlNiC HIP samples had improved magnetic properties compared to those of equal thickness annealed in vacuum. The 100 nm HIP sample sputtered from the MnAl target also showed an increase in moment, though the changes were not as dramatic as those seen in the samples sputtered from the MnAlNiC *** 50 nm films from both targets also showed a change in crystallinity when compared to vacuum annealed samples. These films, unlike the 100 nm films, had ferromagnetic properties that were no better than those of the vacuum annealed samples. This suggests that while the 2 kbar of pressure used in this study assists in the formation of tau-phase in 100 nm films, the appropriate pressure for forming tau-phase in 50 nm films is yet to be determined.

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Biosensors: Graphene-Oxide-Based Immunosensing through Fluorescence Quenching by Peroxidase-Catalyzed Polymerization (Small 13/2012)

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Small 2012年第13期8卷

作者： Seong Yoon Lim Junhyoung Ahn Joon Seok Lee Min-Gon Kim Chan Beum Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Korea Biomonitoring Research Center Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB) 125 Science Road Daejeon 305-806 Korea Advanced Photonics Research Institute Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea Chan Beum Park Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 335 Science Road Daejeon 305-701 Korea. Min-Gon Kim Advanced Photonics Research Institute Graduate Program of Photonics and Applied Physics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju 500-712 Korea

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Selectively bonded polymeric check valve for the reliable regulation of intraocular pressure

Selectively bonded polymeric check valve for the reliable re...

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作者： Im, Seongmin Mun, Byungphil An, Jaeyong Choi, Jongchan Yang, Sung Lee, Jonghyun School of Mechatronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Korea Republic of Graduate Program of Medical System Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Korea Republic of Department of Nanobio Materials and Electronics Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9789898425379

A glaucoma drainage device for the regulation of intraocular pressure is presented. The device consists of three biocompatible polymer layers: the cover (top layer), the diaphragm (intermediate layer), and the baseplate with a cannular (bottom layer). Finite element analyses (FEA) were performed to find optimal design parameters for the targeted cracking pressure: the diameter of orifice, the thickness of intermediate layer, the width of the channel, and the overlapped length of the orifice over valve seat. Top and bottom layers were made by polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replica molding process, and an intermediate thin layer with through-holes was fabricated by PDMS fill-in molding method and hydrophobic treatment. The overlapped area of the bottom layer was coated with Cr and Au by using PDMS as a shadow mask. Metal layers are not to be bonded between the bottom and the intermediate layers so that the device showed the enhanced reliability in operation and the higher yield in production. Oxygen plasma treatment was performed for irreversible bonds between separate three PDMS layers. The experimental cracking pressure of the fabricated valve was 2.50 kPa, which is very close to the target value (2.67 kPa). The experiments showed that the proposed polymer check valve can regulate the pressure of the aqueous humour, fluid in an anterior chamber, within the normal intraocular pressure range (15-20mmHg) with a high repeatability.

关键词： Polydimethylsiloxane

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A Radial Basis Function Spike Model for Indirect Learning via Integrate-and-Fire Sampling and Reconstruction Techniques

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Advances in Artificial Neural Systems 2012年第1期2012卷

作者： X. Zhang G. Foderaro C. Henriquez A. M. J. VanDongen S. Ferrari Laboratory for Intelligent Systems and Control (LISC) Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Department of Biomedical Engineering and Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham NC 27708 USAduke.edu Program in Neuroscience & Behavioral Disorders Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School Singapore Singapore

This paper presents a deterministic and adaptive spike model derived from radial basis functions and a leaky integrate-and-fire sampler developed for training spiking neural networks without direct weight manipulation. Several algorithms have been proposed for training spiking neural networks through biologically-plausible learning mechanisms, such as spike-timing-dependent synaptic plasticity and Hebbian plasticity. These algorithms typically rely on the ability to update the synaptic strengths, or weights, directly, through a weight update rule in which the weight increment can be decided and implemented based on the training equations. However, in several potential applications of adaptive spiking neural networks, including neuroprosthetic devices and CMOS/memristor nanoscale neuromorphic chips, the weights cannot be manipulated directly and, instead, tend to change over time by virtue of the pre- and postsynaptic neural activity. This paper presents an indirect learning method that induces changes in the synaptic weights by modulating spike-timing-dependent plasticity by means of controlled input spike trains. In place of the weights, the algorithm manipulates the input spike trains used to stimulate the input neurons by determining a sequence of spike timings that minimize a desired objective function and, indirectly, induce the desired synaptic plasticity in the network.

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Stabilization of hydroxyl-terminated silanes in porous silicon for in-situ DNA synthesis

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Physica Status Solidi (C) Current Topics in Solid State Physics 2011年第6期8卷 1851-1855页

作者： Lawrie, Jenifer L. Weiss, Sharon M. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN United States

Passivation of porous silicon sensors is a critical issue for achieving high sensitivity and selectivity toward biomolecule targets that may be detected in complex physiologic solution. Without appropriate passivation, degradation of the porous silicon matrix inhibits the repeatability of optical measurements and limits applications in complex media. In this work, we present a method for stabilizing TEOS-HBA monolayers in porous silicon. Annealing of the silane at 200°C for 16 hours, followed by a deionized water wash for a minimum of one hour, results in a porous silicon surface that is highly stable in a number of solvents. Annealing improves cross-linking of surface-attached silane molecules for added stability, and hydrolyzing facilitates removal of weakly bound multilayers. This surface treatment procedure is of considerable interest in applications such as DNA synthesis where hydroxyl functionality is critical and a thick silane surface coating is not desired. © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.

关键词： Passivation

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Development of Avrami's kinetics to describe growth of Bi-2223 crystals

Development of Avrami's kinetics to describe growth of Bi-22...

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2011 International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices, ASEMD 2011

作者： Chen, Wu Ming Jiang, Xu Chuan Yavuz, Mustafa Kambe, Shiro School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW 2052 Australia Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo ON N2L 3G1 Canada Human Sensing Program Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University 4-3-16 Johnan Yonezawa 992-8510 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424478521

The Avrami's kinetics was known to be the best theory to describe Bi-2223 crystals growth. Whereas, it cannot explain the fact that maximum product volume appearing at optimum sintering time during synthesis Bi-2223 crystal. Meanwhile, the Avrami's equation can also be used to determine the activation energy of Bi-2223 crystal growth;unfortunately, the determined activation energy, E, had dispersion as much as hard to be accepted by researchers themselves. To solve those problems, we studied and developed Avrami's kinetics and obtained a developed Avrami's kinetics equation in this research. With the developed Avrami equation, the index of growth, n, and E of Bi-2223 crystals were determined, including the periods of Bi-2223 crystals growing and decomposing. The n and E for Bi-2223 crystals were changing during synthesis period, values of which can be positive, zero or negative for different reaction periods. And the negative E and n were no reports to be found before, which caused by the decomposition of the product. The developed kinetics can describe a phase transformation system that with metastable or stable product. The developed kinetics theory, as a universal theoretical tool, is expected to be widely applied in the science and engineering multidisciplines and their related interdisciplines. © 2011 IEEE.

关键词： Activation energy

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Enhancement of Interface Properties between Passivation Layers and InSb by Using Remote PECVD

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2011年第1期1399卷 105-106页

作者： Jaeyel Lee Jong‐Seok Woo Sehun Park Jungsub Kim Changjae Yang Sujin Kim Chulkyun Seok Kang Il Lee Jinsub Park Min‐Koo Han Kwang‐Seok Seo Euijoon Yoon aDepartment of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea dDepartment of Electrical Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea bHybrid Materials Program (WCU) Department of Materials Science and Engineering Seoul National University Seoul Korea cDepartment of Nano Science and Technology Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology Seoul National University Suwon Korea

We report the enhanced interface properties between passivation layers and InSb by using remote PECVD system. SiO2 and Si3N4 layers deposited by remote PECVD showed lower interface trap densities than layers deposited by normal PECVD. SiO2 layers deposited by remote PECVD showed 7.1×1011 cm−2 eV−1 of interface trap density at midgap which is slightly lower than SiO2 layers deposited by PECVD. Si3N4 layers deposited by remote PECVD showed 1.6∼1.7×1012 cm−2 eV−1 at midgap which is 3 times lower than Si3N4 layers deposited by PECVD. Interface properties of SiO2 are superior to that of Si3N4 in both case of PECVD and remote PECVD. To investigate the interface properties between SiO2 and InSb, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy was conducted. Indium and antimony oxide phases were found at the interface and these oxide phases could act as the origin of interface traps.

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Resonant plasmon-exciton coupling in zinc oxide quantum well-aluminum nanodisc heterostructure arrays

Resonant plasmon-exciton coupling in zinc oxide quantum well...

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作者： Lawrie, Benjamin Kim, Kyeong-Won Norton, David Mu, Richard Haglund, Richard Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Materials Science Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Florida Gainesville FL 32611 United States Department of Physics Fisk University Nashville TN 37208 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Vanderbilt University Nashville TN 37235 United States

The emergence of Fano resonances in the extinction spectra of arrays of aluminum nanodiscs 30-200 nm in diameter deposited on [Zn, Mg]O quantum wells provide the first evidence of strong coupling in zinc oxide heteros... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781557529107

关键词： Semiconductor quantum wells

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Model for biological communication in a nanofabricated cell-mimic driven by stochastic resonance

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Nano Communication Networks 2011年第1期2卷 39-49页

作者： Karig, David K. Siuti, Piro Dar, Roy D. Retterer, Scott T. Doktycz, Mitchel J. Simpson, Michael L. Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences Oak Ridge National Laboratory Bethel Valley Road Oak Ridge TN 37831 United States Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN 37831 United States Graduate Program in Genome Science and Technology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-2010 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-2010 United States Center for Environmental Biotechnology University of Tennessee Knoxville TN 37996-2010 United States

Cells offer natural examples of highly efficient networks of nanomachines. Accordingly, both intracellular and intercellular communication mechanisms in nature are looked to as a source of inspiration and instruction for engineered nanocommunication. Harnessing biological functionality in this manner requires an interdisciplinary approach that integrates systems biology, synthetic biology, and nanofabrication. Here, we present a model system that exemplifies the synergism between these realms of research. We propose a synthetic gene network for operation in a nanofabricated cell mimic array that propagates a biomolecular signal over long distances using the phenomenon of stochastic resonance. Our system consists of a bacterial quorum sensing signal molecule, a bistable genetic switch triggered by this signal, and an array of nanofabricated cell mimic wells that contain the genetic system. An optimal level of noise in the system helps to propagate a time-varying AHL signal over long distances through the array of mimics. This noise level is determined both by the system volume and by the parameters of the genetic network. Our proposed genetically driven stochastic resonance system serves as a testbed for exploring the potential harnessing of gene expression noise to aid in the transmission of a time-varying molecular signal. © 2011.

关键词： Gene expression

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