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Effect of double coating on microencapsulation of levofloxacin using the particles from gas-saturated solutions process as a controlled-release system

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Discover Chemistry 2025年第1期2卷 1-13页

作者： Sharmin, Tanjina Takeshita, Toshihiro Ouchi, Mikio Yoshida, Koji Znad, Hussein Saptoro, Agus Sarker, Zaidul Islam Irie, Keiichi Satho, Tomomitsu Nioh, Atsushi Masuda, Takaaki Muneyoshi, Yuuki Terayama, Suzuko Mishima, Kenji Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Research Institute of Composite Materials Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Resource Circulation Faculty of Environmental Engineering Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Faculty of Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Western Australian School of Mines: Minerals Energy and Chemical Engineering Faculty of Science and Engineering Curtin University Perth Australia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Curtin Malaysia Graduate School Miri Sarawak Malaysia Department of State Program and Food Science Northern Marianas College Saipan USA Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences Fukuoka University Fukuoka Japan Yokohama Research Center Pola Chemical Industries Yokohama Japan

A novel double-coating technique was employed to encapsulate levofloxacin (LVF), a potent antibacterial drug, using the particles from gas-saturated solutions (PGSS) process to achieve extended release. The primary coating utilized glyceryl tristearate (GT), a lipid with a high melting point (72 °C), followed by a secondary coating with trimyristin (TM), a lipid with a lower melting point (52 °C). For comparison, a single-coating approach was also explored, using the biocompatible polymer poly-(ε-caprolactone) (PCL). The resulting particles were characterized for their shape, size, and LVF encapsulation efficiency, with confirmation of LVF entrapment provided by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and X‐ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis. The particles, with an average diameter of 95.3 ± 16.5 μm, exhibited an encapsulation efficiency of up to 92.1 ± 2.5%. Furthermore, in vitro release studies revealed that the double-coated microcapsules effectively suppressed the initial burst release and provided controlled, extended release of LVF (t30D = 36.3%), demonstrating the efficiency of this encapsulation method for prolonged drug delivery.

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A novel liquid-phase plasma discharge process for single-step emulsification and continuous biodiesel production

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Fuel 2025年 400卷

作者： Palm, Maíra O. Pavani, Lucas Y. Senff, Luciano Duarte, Diego A. Catapan, Rafael C. Graduate Program in Mechanical Science and Engineering (PPGECM) Federal University of Santa Catarina SC Joinville 89219-600 Brazil Graduate Program in Material Science and Engineering (PGMAT) Federal University of Santa Catarina SC Florianópolis 88040-900 Brazil Physics Graduate Program (PPGF) Santa Catarina State University SC Joinville 89219-710 Brazil Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering (POSMEC) Federal University of Santa Catarina SC Florianópolis 88040-900 Brazil

Plasma-assisted transesterification has emerged as a promising advanced method for biodiesel production, offering reduced reaction times and enhanced ester yields. Unlike conventional thermal processes, plasma technology operates at room temperature, supplying required energy through electrical discharge. However, in the absence of thermal energy, mass transfer limitations often necessitate a preliminary mixing step. This study introduces a novel liquid-phase plasma discharge process that simultaneously emulsifies reactants and enables continuous biodiesel production in a single step, eliminating the need for prior mixing. Optical microscopy and spectrophotometry techniques confirmed the formation of a stable, monodisperse emulsion of oil and methanol. Key factors influencing biodiesel synthesis included catalyst concentration, discharge voltage, and their interactions with reaction time. The optimized conditions of 15 min of reaction, 7.8 kV discharge voltage, and 1 % sodium methoxide resulted in a biodiesel with 97.9 % methyl ester content. This approach demonstrates the potential of plasma technology for efficient and sustainable biodiesel production. © 2025 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Biodiesel Emulsification Liquid-phase plasma discharge Transesterification

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Microstructure evolution and local strengthening mechanisms in CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy joints reinforced with Inconel 625

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materials science and engineering: A 2025年 937卷

作者： Shen, Jiajia Yang, Jin Choi, Yeon Taek Gonçalves, Rita Pedro, Rodrigo Santana, D.A. Coury, F.G. Schell, N. Zeng, Zhi Kim, Hyoung Seop Oliveira, J.P. UNIDEMI Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering NOVA School of Science and Technology Universidade NOVA de Lisboa Caparica2829-516 Portugal CENIMAT/I3N Department of Materials Science NOVA School of Science and Technology Universidade NOVA de Lisboa Caparica2829-516 Portugal School of Materials Engineering Shanghai University of Engineering Science Shanghai201620 China Pohang790-794 Korea Republic of Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering Federal University of São Carlos Rodovia Washington Luís km 235 SP-310 São Carlos São Paulo13565-905 Brazil Helmholtz-Zentrum Hereon Institute of Materials Physics Max-Planck-Str. 1 Geesthacht21502 Germany School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu611731 China

In the fusion-based welding processes, filler materials are commonly used to adjust and improve the composition of the fusion zone with the aim of optimizing both microstructure and mechanical properties. However, in the field of welding high entropy alloys, the influence of different filler materials on the microstructure and mechanical response is still scarce, owing to the yet incipient usage of welding technologies for these novel, advanced engineering alloys. To bridge this knowledge gap, Inconel 625 filler wire was used during gas metal arc welding of the well-known CoCrFeMnNi high entropy alloy. To systematically analyze the microstructure evolution and mechanical properties of the welded joints, multiscale characterization techniques were employed. It is shown that the different regions of the welded joint possess distinct microstructural features due to the weld thermal cycle, which is further compounded in the fusion zone by the introduction of the filler material. The use of Inconel 625 filler promotes a solid solution strengthening effect in the fusion zone and became the main contributor to the yield strength of this region (302 MPa (via solid solution strengthening) vs 478 MPa (yield stress from tensile experiments). Since Hall-Petch strengthening is predominant in both base material and heat affected zone, but not on the fusion zone due to the large grain structure that developed, the addition of Inconel 625 filler demonstrates to be a feasible approach to increase the typically low fusion zone strength. By coupling microstructural characterization with mechanical property analysis, aided by the calculation of the strengthening mechanisms, we unveil processing, microstructure, property relationships, providing a broader basis for the widespread application of gas metal arc welding for high entropy alloys. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Tensile testing

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Highly active vitamin B₁ Pickering emulsion interface catalysis systems for Knoevenagel condensation

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Surfaces and Interfaces 2025年 68卷

作者： Zhang, Po Liu, Daliang Chang, Xiaohong Song, Xi-Ming Song, Zhining Li, Quan Liaoning Key Laboratory for Green Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry of Advanced Materials College of Chemistry Liaoning University Shenyang 110036 China Center for Analysis and Testing College of Chemistry Liaoning University Shenyang 110036 China Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing Nanjing 211189 China Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State University Kent 44242 OH United States

Vitamin B1 (VB1) is characterized by its non-toxicity, low cost, and good stability, making it a highly promising biobased green catalyst with significant potential for development. Due to its favorable water solubili... 详细信息

Vitamin B₁ (VB₁) is characterized by its non-toxicity, low cost, and good stability, making it a highly promising biobased green catalyst with significant potential for development. Due to its favorable water solubility, research on VB₁ as a catalyst is currently limited to homogeneous and single-solvent heterogeneous catalytic systems, and there are inherent limitations in how to fully dissolve substrates to enhance catalytic performance and expand the range of reaction substrates. In this study, VB₁ was immobilized onto the surface of graphene oxide nanosheets (GOs) through multiple interaction forces, thereby forming GOs-VB₁ composite nanosheets. With the nanosheets, stable toluene/water Pickering emulsion interfacial catalysis (PEIC) systems were constructed for Knoevenagel condensation. By using the PEIC systems, the yields of eight benzylidenemalononitrile derivatives reached 85%-95% after 30 min reaction under static reaction condition of non-agitation at 40 °C with the dosage of only 0.35 wt% GOs-VB₁, much higher than that catalyzed by VB₁ or GOs-VB₁ in the corresponding single or mixed solvents under the same conditions. The excellent catalytic performance of the VB₁-based PEIC systems under mild reaction conditions is attributed to the sufficient dissolution of the reactants (malononitrile and benzaldehyde or its derivatives) in the continuous and dispersed phases of the emulsion, respectively, as well as the stable enrichment of the catalyst VB₁ at the large emulsion interface. The PEIC systems exhibited consistently high reaction yields even after undergoing six of recycling. © 2025

关键词： Graphene oxide Knoevenagel condensation Pickering emulsion interfacial catalysis (PEIC) Vitamin B1 (VB1)

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Claw coloration in the fiddler crab Leptuca uruguayensis has no correlation with male quality

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Current Zoology 2025年第1期71卷 109-123页

作者： Zackary A.Graham Jonatas de Jesus Florentino Samuel P.Smithers Joao C.T.Menezes Jose Eduardo de Carvalho Alexandre V.Palaoro Department of Organismal Biology Ecologyand Zoo ScienceWest Liberty University208 University DriveWest LibertyWV 26074USA Programa de Pós-Graduacao em Ecologia Universidade de São PauloRua do Mataon 321Trav.14ButantãDistrictSao PauloSP 05508-090Brazil Department of Psychology Northeastern University360 Huntington AvenueBostonMA 02115USA Organismic and Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program University of Massachusetts Amherst230 Stockbridge RoadAmherstMA 01003USA Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva Universidade Federal de Sao PauloRua Sao Nicolaun 210Centro DistrictDiademaSP 09972-270Brazil Department of Materials Science and Engineering Clemson University515 Calhoun DrClemsonSC 29634USA Departamento de Zoologia Universidade Federal do ParanáAvenida Coronel Francisco H.dos Santosn 100Jardim das Américas DistrictCuritibaPR 82590-300Brazil

Sexual selection is thought to play a major role in the evolution of color due to the correlation between a signaler’s physiological state and the displayed *** such,researchers often investigate how color correlates to the quality of the ***,research on the relationship between color and individual quality is often taxonomically limited and researchers typically investigate how color phenotypes relate to one index of quality,such as a linear measure of body ***,we investigated the relationship among body size,claw size,claw muscle mass,lipid content,and the color of the claw in male fiddler crabs(Leptuca uruguayensis)which wield an exaggerated claw that varies in color from brown to *** hypothesized that if the color was correlated to one or more indices of male quality,the color displayed on the claws of male *** could be under sexual *** found *** claw color varies substantially among the individuals we ***,we did not find a correlation between claw color and indices of quality;neither brightness nor hue correlated to the indices of quality we *** findings suggest that claw color in *** is unlikely to have evolved to signal quality,but may instead function as a species identity or as a non-indicator sexual signal.

关键词： animal coloration animal communication animal signals Decapoda non-indicator sexual signal sexual selection

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Air-liquid microfluidics-integrated surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy for selective molecular adsorption and detection to achieve bacterial discrimination

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Biosensors and Bioelectronics 2025年 285卷 117576页

作者： Ku, Chi-Yao Chiang, Yu-Wei Hsu, Huai-Yuan Cheng, Ho-Wen Chen, Ko-Lun Han, Yin-Yi Wang, Juen-Kai Wang, Yuh-Lin Huang, Nien-Tsu Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Molecular Science and Technology Taiwan International Graduate Program Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Anesthesiology National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei100229 Taiwan Department of Trauma National Taiwan University Hospital Taipei100229 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Center for Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan

Bacterial discrimination is crucial for accurate microbiological diagnosis and timely antibiotic treatment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is an ideal technique due to its non-invasive, label-free molecular sensing capabilities. By analyzing bacterial supernatants, containing various purine derivatives, SERS can differentiate bacterial species based on their unique spectral distributions. However, the same bacterial species with different antibiotic resistance may secrete similar purine derivatives, differing only slightly in composition. Furthermore, each purine derivative may have a different molecular affinity to the SERS substrate, making it difficult to distinguish the exact molecular ratio. To improve SERS-based bacterial discrimination, we propose an air-liquid microfluidics-integrated SERS system (ALM-SERS) that selectively adsorbs and detects bacterial secretions. By taking features of precise microdroplet manipulation and contact area from microfluidics and features of selective molecular adsorption and fingerprints characterization from the SERS technique, we successfully perform a "sequential molecular adsorption" strategy to address the signal interference of complicated molecular mixtures in existing SERS methods. As a proof of concept, we first evaluate the molecular affinity of purine derivatives and then demonstrate the competitive analyte adsorption using adenine/cytosine and hypoxanthine/uracil sample mixtures. Finally, we tested six bacterial supernatants, including two Gram types and four strains with identical taxonomy but differing antibiotic resistance. Another six clinically isolated bacterial samples with different antibiotic resistance were also applied. Our results showed that a successful bacterial discrimination between similar species was not possible using a single SERS spectrum. In summary, the ALM-SERS system offers a powerful approach for bacterial discrimination, even when spectral differences are subtle. Beyond microb

关键词： Raman spectroscopy

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Aqueous tape casting of LZSA glass ceramics

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6th Pacific Rim Conference on Ceramic and Glass Technology, PacRim6

作者： Gomes, C.M. Biscaia, F.N. Quinaud, J.T. Montedo, O.R.K. Oliveira, A.P.N. Hotza, D. Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering - PGMAT Chemical Engineering Department - EQA Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis SC 88040-900 Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)0470080507

The effect of sodium alginate, as binder, and polyethyleneglicol, as plasticizer, on rheological and mechanical properties of suspensions used in water-based tape casting of LZSA glass ceramics was studied. The investigation was carried out using a statistical design approach. An aqueous suspension of a parent glass from the LZSA (Li2O-ZrO2SiO 2-Al2O3) system was used. Viscosity, thixotropy and yield stress behavior were measured for the aqueous suspensions as a function of additive composition. Tensile strength of cast tapes was also measured. The experiments were shown to be statistically significant.

关键词： Glass ceramics

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Emulating complex synapses using interlinked proton conductors

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Physical Review Applied 2025年第1期23卷 014027-014027页

作者： Lifu Zhang Ji-An Li Yang Hu Jie Jiang Rongjie Lai Marcus K. Benna Jian Shi Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA Neurosciences Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of Mathematics Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA Department of Neurobiology School of Biological Sciences University of California at San Diego La Jolla California 92093 USA Department of Physics Applied Physics and Astronomy Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute Troy New York 12180 USA

In terms of energy efficiency and computational speed, neuromorphic electronics based on nonvolatile memory devices are expected to be one of most promising hardware candidates for future artificial intelligence (AI). However, catastrophic forgetting, networks rapidly overwriting previously learned weights when learning new tasks, remains a pivotal obstacle in either digital or analog AI chips for unleashing the true power of brainlike computing. To address catastrophic forgetting in the context of online memory storage, a complex synapse model (the Benna-Fusi model) was proposed recently [M. K. Benna and S. Fusi, Nat. Neurosci. 19, 1697 (2016)], the synaptic weight and internal variables of which evolve following diffusion dynamics. In this work, by designing a proton transistor with a series of charge-diffusion-controlled storage components, we have experimentally realized the Benna-Fusi artificial complex synapse. Memory consolidation from coupled storage components is revealed by both numerical simulations and experimental observations. Different memory timescales for the complex synapse are engineered by the diffusion length of charge carriers and the capacity and number of coupled storage components. The advantages of the demonstrated complex synapse for both memory capacity and memory consolidation are revealed by neural network simulations of face-familiarity detection. Our experimental realization of the complex synapse suggests a promising approach to enhance memory capacity and to enable continual learning.

关键词： Nonvolatile storage

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Photoelectrochemical X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy of Graphene/Si Heterojunction Platform with Multifunctional Atomic Bridging Layer for Efficient Solar-Powered Co2 Conversion

SSRN

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SSRN 2025年

作者： Wu, Heng-Liang Wu, Po-Hsien Chen, Hsuan-Yu Yu, Sheng-Yu Chang, Chen Liu, Tsung-Hsin Song, Ruo-Nong Lin, Jr-Wen Cyue, Zih-Wei Chan, Kwun-Man Chen, Cheng-Ying Chan, Ting-Shan Chen, Jeng-Lung Pao, Chih Wen Chen, Chun-Wei Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Center for Condensed Matter Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan Academia Sinica Taipei11529 Taiwan Department of Optoelectronics and Materials Technology National Taiwan Ocean University Keelung202301 Taiwan National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory Research Center Hsinchu300092 Taiwan Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials National Taiwan University Taipei10617 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Taiwan University Taipei106319 Taiwan

The facile integration and stability of Si-based photoelectrode architectures are the remaining challenges in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) conversion of CO2 to fuels. In this work, the single-atomic-layer graphene is used as a functional bridging layer to integrate both Si photocathodes and photoanodes, which enable the direct electrodeposition of metal-based electrocatalysts (Cu, Ag and InSn alloys) and a semiconductor-based catalyst (NiFe-LDH) on the graphene/Si heterojunction electrodes for PEC CO2 reduction and O2 evolution reaction, respectively. Photoelectrochemical X-ray absorption spectroscopy results show that the electrodeposited catalysts on the graphene layer are active and leads to efficient transport of photogenerated electrons from Si junctions to electrocatalysts. We demonstrate a PEC device with a full-cell configuration consisting of InSn/graphene/Si heterojunction photocathode and NiFe-LDH/graphene/Si heterojunction photoanode, exhibiting a reduced photovoltage of ~1080 mV compared to the electrochemical counterparts. A self-powered overall PEC CO2 reduction with a promising solar-to-fuel conversion efficiency of 3.2% can be obtained by integrating the graphene/Si heterojunction photocathode and photoanode with a Si photovoltaic. By combining the inherent chemical inertness of graphene with its role as an atomic bridging layer, the facile integration of Si photoelectrodes with various catalysts presents a promising platform for stable and efficient solar-to-fuel conversion. © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： X ray absorption spectroscopy

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Force-Trainable Liquid Crystal Elastomer Enabled by Mechanophore-Induced Radical Polymerization

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Angewandte Chemie 2025年

作者： Yiyi Xu Yinliang Huang Jinyu Wang Dr. Shuai Huang Prof. Hong Yang Prof. Quan Li Institute of Advanced Materials and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Southeast University Nanjing 211189 China Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State University Kent OH 44242 USA

In nature, organisms adapt to environmental changes through training to learn new abilities, offering valuable insights for developing intelligent materials. However, replicating this “adaptive learning” in synthetic materials presents a significant challenge. This study introduces a feasible approach to train liquid crystal elastomers (LCEs) by integrating a mechanophore tetraarylsuccinonitrile into their main chain, addressing the challenge of enabling synthetic materials to exchange substances with their environment. Inspired by biological training, the LCEs can self-strengthen and acquire new functionalities through mechanical stress-induced radical polymerization. The research not only enhances the mechanical performance of LCEs, but also endows them with the ability to learn properties such as flexibility, light responsiveness, and fluorescence. These advancements are crucial for overcoming the limitations of current materials, paving the way for the creation of advanced intelligent soft materials with autonomous self-improvement, akin to the adaptive skills of living organisms.

关键词： force-induced chemical reaction mechanical stress-induced radical polymerization liquid crystal elastomer soft actuator smart material

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