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Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment 2024年 6卷

作者： Manera, Christian Perondi, Daniele Restelatto, Danielle Godinho, Marcelo Vilela, Antônio Cezar Faria Graduate Program in Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil

Shredder residue (SR) is an inevitable waste in the production of steel by scrap melting, and the presence of chlorine is the main responsible for its non-use of energy. This study aimed to remove chlorine from SR by thermal dechlorination and water leaching. Thermal dechlorination was first studied from a PVC sample to evaluate the optimum parameters of temperature, heating rate, residence time and atmosphere (N₂ or steam). Under optimal conditions for PVC dechlorination, chlorine removals of 73.7 (N₂) and 68.0% (steam) were achieved. Optimal parameters were applied to thermal dechlorination of a Brazilian SR with a chlorine content of 2.12 wt%. Reductions in chlorine content to 0.95 and 0.51 wt% were observed with N₂ and steam atmospheres, respectively. In an additional evaluation (conducted also with the Brazilian SR and in order to investigate the reactor rotation effect), it was observed that the reactor rotation does not influence the release of chlorine during the thermal treatment but modifies the granulometry of the produced solid. Samples obtained from this test were subjected to a water leaching study to further reduce the chlorine content. The parameters studied were the type of water (tap and distilled), granulometry and carbonation (contact with CO₂) in a total of five washing cycles. Carbonation and use of distilled water achieved the highest chlorine removal resulting in a reduction of chlorine content from 1.13 to 0.45 wt%. The obtained results show directions for chlorine removal aiming at the energetic use of shredder residue. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Carbonation Chlorine leaching Design of experiment Polyvinyl chloride Shredder residue

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Electrochemical properties of melting gel coatings 5

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Advances in materials science for Environmental and Energy Technologies V - materials science and Technology 2015 Conference and Exhibition, MS and T 2015

作者： Klein, L.C. Degnah, A. Al-Marzoki, K. Rodriguez, G. Jitianu, A. Mosa, J. Aparicio, M. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Rutgers University 607 Taylor Road PiscatawayNJ08854 United States Department of Chemistry Lehman College CUNY Davis Hall 250 Bedford Park Boulevard West BronxNY10468 United States PhD Program in Chemistry Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Madrid28049 Spain

ISBN: (纸本)9781119323617

Organic-inorganic melting gel coatings were applied to titanium alloy substrates to decrease their corrosion and extend their lifetime in an electrochemical application. Melting gels containing phenyl substitutions were coated onto the substrates. The ratio of diphenyl dimethoxysilane (DPhDMS) to methanol was varied to change the thickness of the coatings. The coatings were inspected visually to see that there is good adhesion between the coating and the substrate. Nanoindenter tests were performed to determine hardness.

关键词： Substrates

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Microstructure and Thermal Conductivity of Porous Al2 O3-ZrO2 Ceramics 58th

Microstructure and Thermal Conductivity of Porous Al2 O3-ZrO...

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58th Brazilian Ceramic Conference, CBC 2014

作者： Delbrücke, Tiago Gouvêa, Rogério A. Raubach, Cristiane W. Longo, Elson Sousa, Vânia C. M.tebcheranic, Sergio Kubaski, Evaldo T. Moreira, Mário L. Jurado, Jose R. Cava, Sergio Graduate Program in Science and Materials Engineering Technology Development Center Federal University of Pelotas RS Pelotas96010-900 Brazil Laboratory of Biomaterials & Advanced Ceramics Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul RS Porto Alegre91509-900 Brazil Interdisciplinary Laboratory of Ceramic Materials Ponta Grossa State University PR Ponta Grossa84030-900 Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology of Materials in Nanotechnology Paulista State University SP Araraquara14801-907 Brazil Glass Department Institute of Glass and Ceramic Madrid28049 Spain Institute of Physics and Mathematics Federal University of Pelotas RS Pelotas96010-900 Brazil

The improvement on the development of porous ceramic materials has leaded to new technologies in thermal insulation, for example, composite materials for better performance of pressure vessels in rocket engines. Within this context, the present work aims to evaluate the ability of a refractory ceramic base alumina/zirconia through the processes of co-precipitation and replica method in an organic fiber template. The green body was burnt-out and sintered at 1200-1600°C to obtain the continuous porous ceramic fibers. In the FEG-SEM analysis, an interconnected porous structure with small grains was observed. The crystalline phases were determined by X-ray diffraction and compared to micro-Raman results regarding the crystalline structure confirms that there present in the material zirconia is composed of more than one phase. Porosity was calculated through a mercury porosimeter as 77.9%, and the Laser Flash method gave a thermal conductivity value of 1.61 K W.m−1 .K−1 for the Al2 O3-ZrO2 fibers. © 2015 Trans Tech Publications Ltd, Switzerland.

关键词： Porosity

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Thickness, Annealing, and Surface Roughness Effect on Magnetic and Significant Properties of Co40Fe40B10Dy10 Thin Films

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materials 2023年第17期16卷 5995页

作者： Liu, Wen-Jen Chang, Yung-Huang Chiang, Chia-Chin Chen, Yuan-Tsung Wang, Yu-Zhi Wu, Chueh-Lin Lin, Shih-Hung Ou, Sin-Liang Department of Materials Science and Engineering I-Shou University Kaohsiung84001 Taiwan Bachelor Program in Industrial Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung80778 Taiwan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Douliou64002 Taiwan Bachelor Program for Design and Materials for Medical Equipment and Devices Da-Yeh University Changhua51591 Taiwan

In this study, Co40Fe40B10Dy10 thin films were deposited using a direct current (DC) magnetron sputtering technique. The films were deposited on glass substrates with thicknesses of 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 nm, and heat-treated in a vacuum annealing furnace at 100, 200, and 300 °C. Various instruments were used to examine and analyze the effects of roughness on the magnetic, adhesive, and mechanical properties. From the low frequency alternating current magnetic susceptibility (χac) results, the optimum resonance frequency is 50 Hz, and the maximum χac value tends to increase with the increase in the thicknesses and annealing temperatures. The maximum χac value is 0.18 at a film thickness of 50 nm and an annealing temperature of 300 °C. From the four-point probe, it is found that the resistivity and sheet resistance values decrease with the increase in film deposition thicknesses and higher annealing temperatures. From the magnetic force microscopy (MFM), the stripe-like magnetic domain distribution is more obvious with the increase in annealing temperature. According to the contact angle data, at the same annealing temperature, the contact angle decreases as the thickness increases due to changes in surface morphology. The maximal surface energy value at 300 °C is 34.71 mJ/mm2. The transmittance decreases with increasing film thickness, while the absorption intensity is inversely proportional to the transmittance, implying that the thickness effect suppresses the photon signal. Smoother roughness has less domain pinning, more carrier conductivity, and less light scattering, resulting in superior magnetic, electrical, adhesive, and optical performance. © 2023 by the authors.

关键词： Thin films

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The Influence of Nbb Inoculation on Dendritic Spacing and Grain Size of an Aluminum 2017 Alloy at Different Cooling Rates

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Silva, Argos Soares de Albuquerque Sousa, Sarah Maria de Gouveia, Guilherme Lisboa Garcia, Amauri Spinelli, José Eduardo Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of São Carlos UFSCar SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering University of Campinas SP Campinas13083-860 Brazil

The Al-4Cu-Mg 2017 alloy is a significant Al extrusion alloy. As a result, knowing its behavior in terms of grain refining during casting stages becomes critical for the next processing steps. In the face of the shortcomings exhibited by TiB inoculants, the addition of NbB could be tested for this alloy as an alternative. The present article investigates the effects of NbB addition on grain size (GS), on secondary dendrite arm spacing (λ2) and on hardness of centrifugally cast (CC) and directionally solidified (DS) 2017 alloy samples, encompassing a broad range of cooling rates and solidification conditions. The λ2 did not change much as a result of the NbB inoculation, either for DS or CC samples, decreasing from 7.2 μm to 7.0 μm in the case of the 4 mm-thick CC samples and increasing from 17.0 μm to 22.5 μm in the case of the DS samples. The average GS, on the other hand, reduced from 293 μm to 136 μm for the NbB-containing CC samples and from 756 μm to 313 μm for the DS samples associated with cooling rates of 10 K/s. Both processes can achieve nearly the same GS reduction ratio, namely 2.2 for the CC and 2.5 for the DS. This implies that GS reduction ratio was barely affected if similar cooling rates were compared while taking the experimental range for both processes into account. Moreover, Vickers hardness results revealed that GS had little influence on this property for both alloys studied. The experimentally obtained data translated a variety of solidification condition outlines for the 2017 alloy. Through this data, understanding of an alternative inoculant in a significant Al alloy series advanced significantly. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Solidification

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engineering dimensionality of collective dipole-dipole interactions using a nanophotonic environment

Engineering dimensionality of collective dipole-dipole inter...

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Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics (CLEO)

作者： Ashwin K. Boddeti Yi Wang Xitlali Juarez Alexandra Boltasseva Hadiseh Alaeian Teri W. Odom Zubin Jacob Elmore Family School of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue University West Lafayette Indiana USA Graduate Program in Applied Physics Northwestern University Evanston IL USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois USA Department of Chemistry and Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University Evanston Illinois USA

We experimentally demonstrate reduced dimensionality in a interacting ensemble of emitters. The well-known stretched exponential decay dynamics, I(t)/I 0 = exp(−γ D t)exp(−αt β ) with β = 0.5 in 3D geometries, is... 详细信息

ISBN: (纸本)9781957171258

关键词： Energy transfer Fluorescence Molecules Spontaneous emission Titanium dioxide

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High Cooling Rate Cells in Al-Ce Alloys: A Combined Experimental and Modelling Approach

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Baraldi, Rafael Bispo da Silva, Douglas de Gouveia, Guilherme Lisboa Garcia, Amauri Spinelli, José Eduardo Department of Materials Engineering Federal University of São Carlos UFSCar SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Federal University of São Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering SP São Carlos13565-905 Brazil Department of Manufacturing and Materials Engineering University of Campinas SP Campinas13083-860 Brazil

Microstructures are the strategic link between cast alloys processing and their properties. The investigation of α-Al morphologies is regarded as critical for broadening the potential applications of cast Al-Ce alloys. These alloys are anticipated to offer high-temperature strength. Moreover, Ce is the most abundant rare-earth element in the Earth’s crust. A central task is changing the Ce content (4.0, 6.0 and 10.1 wt.% Ce) and observing the morphologies, particularly when extremely high cooling rates - 102 to 103 K/s - are attained during cast-centrifugal Cu-mold operations. In the present contribution, rapid solidification of the Al-4wt.% Ce alloy led to generation of high cooling rate cells. A eutectic mixture of Al11Ce3 fibers and lamellae filled the intercellular spacings. Using the Hunt-Lu model, an experimental cell spacing of roughly 6.3 μm was obtained with a suitable equivalence to the modeling outcomes, corresponding to a solidification velocity of 3.1 mm/s and a cooling rate of approximately 155 K/s. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Cells

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Development of Avrami's kinetics to describe growth of Bi-2223 crystals

Development of Avrami's kinetics to describe growth of Bi-22...

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International Conference on Applied Superconductivity and Electromagnetic Devices, ASEMD

作者： Wu Ming Chen Xu Chuan Jiang Mustafa Yavuz Shiro Kambe School of Materials Science and Engineering University of New South Wales Sydney NSW Australia Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology University of Waterloo Waterloo ONT Canada Cankaya University Ankara Turkey Human Sensing Program Graduate School of Science and Engineering Yamagata University Yonezawa Japan

The Avrami's kinetics was known to be the best theory to describe Bi-2223 crystals growth. Whereas, it cannot explain the fact that maximum product volume appearing at optimum sintering time during synthesis Bi-2223 crystal. Meanwhile, the Avrami's equation can also be used to determine the activation energy of Bi-2223 crystal growth; unfortunately, the determined activation energy, E, had dispersion as much as hard to be accepted by researchers themselves. To solve those problems, we studied and developed Avrami's kinetics and obtained a developed Avrami's kinetics equation in this research. With the developed Avrami equation, the index of growth, n, and E of Bi-2223 crystals were determined, including the periods of Bi-2223 crystals growing and decomposing. The n and E for Bi-2223 crystals were changing during synthesis period, values of which can be positive, zero or negative for different reaction periods. And the negative E and n were no reports to be found before, which caused by the decomposition of the product. The developed kinetics can describe a phase transformation system that with metastable or stable product. The developed kinetics theory, as a universal theoretical tool, is expected to be widely applied in the science and engineering multidisciplines and their related interdisciplines.

关键词： Crystals Kinetic theory Equations Mathematical model Educational institutions High temperature superconductors Australia

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Microwave Synthesis of Nanostructured High Entropy Spinel

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Gunnewiek, Rodolfo Foster Klein Cardoso, André L.F. Perdomo, Claudia P.F. Foschiani, Beatriz G. Xaraba, Julia A. Zabotto, Fabio L. Federal University of Sao Carlos Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering SP Sao Carlos Brazil Federal University of Sao Carlos Department of Materials Engineering SP São Carlos Brazil Federal University of Sao Carlos Department of Physics SP São Carlos Brazil

A single-phase cubic high entropy spinel (HES) (CoCrFeMnNi)3O4 was microwave synthesized by a polymer-based method. The complete microwave-synthesis took no longer than 2 hours. The HEŚs were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). After calcination of 800 and 900 °C, the powders showed nanostructured cubic single-phases. The band gap energy (Eg) of the microwave irradiated HES was 2.2 eV compared to the 2.45 eV of the conventionally calcined. These Eg values indicate application possibilities in the field of catalytic reforming of carbon dioxide as a promising catalyst with tunable properties. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Entropy

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Transforming organic chemistry research paradigms: moving from manual efforts to the intersection of automation and artificial intelligence

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Liu, Chengchun Chen, Yuntian Mo, Fanyang School of Materials Science and Engineering Peking University Beijing China Ningbo Institute of Digital Twin Eastern Institute of Technology Ningbo China Preferred Program Shenzhen Graduate School Peking University Shenzhen China

Organic chemistry is undergoing a major paradigm shift, moving from a labor-intensive approach to a new era dominated by automation and artificial intelligence (AI). This transformative shift is being driven by technological advances, the ever-increasing demand for greater research efficiency and accuracy, and the burgeoning growth of interdisciplinary research. AI models, supported by computational power and algorithms, are drastically reshaping synthetic planning and introducing groundbreaking ways to tackle complex molecular synthesis. In addition, autonomous robotic systems are rapidly accelerating the pace of discovery by performing tedious tasks with unprecedented speed and precision. This article examines the multiple opportunities and challenges presented by this paradigm shift and explores its far-reaching implications. It provides valuable insights into the future trajectory of organic chemistry research, which is increasingly defined by the synergistic interaction of automation and AI. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Automation

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