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Surface Roughness-Induced Changes in Important Physical Features of CoFeSm Thin Films on Glass Substrates during Annealing

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materials 2023年第21期16卷 6989-6989页

作者： Fern, Chi-Lon Liu, Wen-Jen Chang, Yung-Huang Chiang, Chia-Chin Chen, Yuan-Tsung Lu, Pei-Xin Su, Xuan-Ming Lin, Shih-Hung Lin, Ko-Wei Department of Materials Science and Engineering National Chung Hsing University Taichung40227 Taiwan Department of Materials Science and Engineering I-Shou University Kaohsiung84001 Taiwan Bachelor Program in Industrial Technology National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology Kaohsiung80778 Taiwan Graduate School of Materials Science National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan Department of Electronic Engineering National Yunlin University of Science and Technology 123 University Road Section 3 Yunlin Douliou64002 Taiwan

Co60Fe20Sm20 thin films were deposited onto glass substrates in a high vacuum setting. The films varied in thickness from 10 to 50 nm and underwent annealing processes at different temperatures: room temperature (RT), 100, 200, and 300 °C. Our analysis encompassed structural, magnetic, electrical, nanomechanical, adhesive, and optical properties in relation to film thickness and annealing temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis did not reveal characteristic peaks in Co60Fe20Sm20 thin films due to insufficient growth-driving forces. Electrical measurements indicated reduced resistivity and sheet resistance with increasing film thickness and higher annealing temperatures, owing to hindered current-carrier transport resulting from the amorphous structure. Atomic force microscope (AFM) analysis showed a decrease in surface roughness with increased thickness and annealing temperature. The low-frequency alternating current magnetic susceptibility (χac) values increased with film thickness and annealing temperature. Nanoindentation analysis demonstrated reduced film hardness and Young’s modulus with thicker films. Contact angle measurements suggested a hydrophilic film. Surface energy increased with greater film thickness, particularly in annealed films, indicating a decrease in contact angle contributing to this increase. Transmittance measurements have revealed intensified absorption and reduced transmittance with thicker films. In summary, the surface roughness of CoFeSm films at different annealing temperatures significantly influenced their magnetic, electrical, adhesive, and optical properties. A smoother surface reduced the pinning effect on the domain walls, enhancing the χac value. Additionally, diminished surface roughness led to a lower contact angle and higher surface energy. Additionally, smoother surfaces exhibited higher carrier conductivity, resulting in reduced electrical resistance. The optical transparency decreased due to the smoother surface of C

关键词： Thin films

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Stabilizing zinc anode via a chelation and desolvation electrolyte additive

Advanced Powder Materials

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Advanced Powder materials 2022年第1期1卷 97-105页

作者： Jin Cao Dongdong Zhang Rungroj Chanajaree Yilei Yue Zhiyuan Zeng Xinyu Zhang Jiaqian Qin International Graduate Program of Nanoscience&Technology Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand State Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology Yanshan UniversityQinhuangdao066004China Department of Materials Science and Engineering City University of Hong Kong83 Tat Chee AvenueKowloonHong Kong999077China Research Unit of Advanced Materials for Energy Storage Chulalongkorn UniversityBangkok10330Thailand

The uncontrollable dendrites growth and intricately water-induced side reactions occurred on zinc anode leads to safety issues and poor electrochemical kinetics,which largely limit the widespread application of zinc-ion batteries(ZIBs).Herein,ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt(EDTA-2Na)is utilized as an electrolyte additive to strengthen the reversibility and cycling stability of zinc *** results and theoretical calculation demonstrate that the EDTA-2Na presents a much stronger coordination with Zn^(2+)when comparing with H_(2)O molecular,implying the EDTA-2Na is capable to enter the solvation shell of[Zn(OH_(2))_(6)]^(2+)and coordinate with Zn^(2+)ions,thus achieving a flat and smooth zinc deposition with less by-products(Zn_(4)SO_(4)(OH)6·xH_(2)O and H_(2)).Consequently,the zinc symmetric battery with EDTA-2Na additive delivers an excellent cycling stability up to 1800 h under current density of 1 mA cm^(-2),and the hydrogen evolution reaction(HER),corrosion,by-product issues are significantly ***,the rate performance and stability of coin-type and pouch-type Zn||MnO2/graphite batteries are significantly boosted via EDTA-2Na additive(248 mAh g^(-1)at 0.1 A g^(-1),81.3%after 1000 cycles at a A g^(-1)).This kind of electrolyte additive with chelation and desolvation functions shed lights on strategies of improving zinc anode stability for further application of ZIBs.

关键词： Zinc-ion battery Zinc anode Dendrites EDTA-2Na Desolvation

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Efficient construction method for phase diagrams using uncertainty sampling

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Physical Review materials 2019年第3期3卷 033802-033802页

作者： Kei Terayama Ryo Tamura Yoshitaro Nose Hidenori Hiramatsu Hideo Hosono Yasushi Okuno Koji Tsuda RIKEN Center for Advanced Intelligence Project Tokyo 103-0027 Japan Medical Sciences Innovation Hub Program RIKEN Cluster for Science Technology and Innovation Hub Kanagawa 230-0045 Japan Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8507 Japan International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (WPI-MANA) National Institute for Materials Science Ibaraki 305-0044 Japan Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System National Institute for Materials Science Ibaraki 305-0047 Japan Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Chiba 277-8568 Japan Department of Materials Science and Engineering Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Laboratory for Materials and Structures Institute of Innovative Research Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8503 Japan Materials Research Center for Element Strategy Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama 226-8503 Japan

We develop a method to efficiently construct phase diagrams using machine learning. Uncertainty sampling (US) in active learning is utilized to intensively sample around phase boundaries. Here, we demonstrate constructions of three known experimental phase diagrams by the US approach. Compared with random sampling, the US approach decreases the number of sampling points to about 20%. In particular, the reduction rate is pronounced in more complicated phase diagrams. Furthermore, we show that using the US approach, undetected new phases can be rapidly found, and smaller numbers of initial sampling points are sufficient. Thus, we conclude that the US approach is useful to construct complicated phase diagrams from scratch and will be an essential tool in materials science.

关键词： Phase diagrams

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Effect of Order of Addition and Precursor/Reductor Ratio on Direct Synthesis of TiO2 Nanoparticles: Synthesis, Characterization, and Photocatalytic Performance

SSRN

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SSRN 2022年

作者： Goulart, Silviany de Souza Pereira, Mariana Benetti, Renata Martins Bellettini, Gécica Cardoso Elyseu, Fábio Dal-Bó, Alexandre Gonçalves Bernardin, Adriano Michael Graduate Program on Materials Science and Engineering Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense Santa Catarina Criciúma88806-000 Brazil Ceramic Materials Group Parque Científico e Tecnológico Santa Catarina Criciúma88807-420 Brazil

Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is the most used semiconductor for heterogeneous photocatalysis. However, there is a limitation of its application, since TiO2 is activated only under ultraviolet radiation. Sunlight has only about 5% of UV radiation and, consequently, there are limitations for the application and commercialization of this semiconductor. The present study aimed to obtain nanostructured TiO2 powders for photocatalysis under UV light by a direct synthesis route, obtaining anatase and rutile phases without further heat treatment. A 2k factorial experimental design was used to evaluate the effect of the order of addition of precursors and their ratio on the synthesis of NPs. TiO2 nanoparticles with large surface area were synthesized via controlled precipitation method. The NPs were characterized by XRD, DSC/TG, FTIR, BET, DLS, ELS, UV-Vis, FESEM-EDS, and photocatalytic activity test. The commercial TiO2 NP P25 was used as standard photocatalyst for comparison with the obtained samples. The surface area measured by the BET method for the synthesized samples was approximately three to five times higher when compared to P25. The photoactivity of the synthesized samples and P25 were determined for the degradation of the methylene blue and rhodamine B dyes under UVA radiation. The results showed that the synthesized samples have an efficiency equivalent to the P25 sample. The synthesis of nanoparticles via the controlled precipitation method using only two reagents proved to be a viable and promising route. The method does not require heat treatment for titanium dioxide crystallization and is still capable of producing a mixture of ideal phases to delay the recombination of the photogenerated electron-hole pair, contributing to the increase of the photocatalytic efficiency. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Titanium dioxide

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Microstructural Effect on the Corrosion Behavior of N- and P-Type Bismuth Tellurides Fabricated by Induction Melting

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： El-Makaty, Farah M. Nawaz, Muddasir Shakoor, R. Abdul Hammuda, Abdelmagid Youssef, Khaled M. Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Department Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar Materials Science and Technology Graduate Program College of Arts and Sciences Qatar University Doha2713 Qatar

Numerous efforts have been made to understand and enhance the thermoelectric properties of bismuth telluride alloys. However, limited studies have been reported to investigate the corrosion behavior of these alloys and their suitability for industrial applications. This paper examines the corrosion behavior of three different bismuth telluride alloys prepared by induction melting: pristine Bi2Te3, n-type Bi2Te2.55Se0.45, and p-type Bi0.6Sb1.4Te3. The electrochemical response of the samples is tested in 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution at room temperature. Potentiodynamic polarization curves (Tafel plots) revealed that the n-type sample formed a passive layer compared to the pristine and the p-type samples, which showed pitting corrosion. The different trends observed in the samples were related to their evolved microstructures, where fingerprint-like features in the pristine and the p-type samples showed high susceptibility to pitting corrosion. In contrast, a unique needle-like microstructure of the n-type samples acted as nucleation sites for passive layer formation causing higher corrosion resistance in this sample. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Microstructure

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Localized microjetting in the collapse of surface macrocavities

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Physical Review E 2015年第2期91卷 022405-022405页

作者： K. L. Olney P.-H. Chiu D. J. Benson A. Higgins M. Serge V. F. Nesterenko Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 Materials Science and Engineering Graduate Program University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 Department of Structural Engineering University of California San Diego La Jolla California 92093 Department of Mechanical Engineering McGill University Quebec H3A 0C3 Canada

This paper focuses on the multiscale mechanism of collapse of hemicylindrical annular surface macrocavities in steel caused by high-strain, high-strain rate plastic flow of copper. Experiments and simulations revealed that a two-stage process is responsible for the observed microjetting phenomena: the formation of lateral copper microjets from the localized shear flow in copper at the interface during the filling of the cavity, and their subsequent collision at the apex of the macrocavity generating two additional horizontal microjets. The lengths of these microjets were an order of magnitude smaller than the cavity size but linearly scaled with the cavity radius. This process of microjet development is sensitive to the cavity geometry and is unlike the previously observed jetting phenomena in cavitation, impact crater collapse, or shock-induced cavity collapse.

关键词： VERY light jets SURFACES (Physics) STRAIN rate (materials science) PLASTICITY COPPER METALS -- Mechanical properties

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Nanocrystalline material in toroidal cores for current transformer: Analytical study and computational simulations

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materials Research 2005年第4期8卷 395-400页

作者： Luciano, Benedito Antonio Cavalcante de Albuquerque, João Marcelo Benício de Castro, Walman Moreira Afonso, Conrado Ramos Department of Electrical Engineering CEEI/UFCG P.B. 10105 58109 970 Campina Grande - PB Brazil Department of Mechanical Engineering CCT/UFCG P.B. 10105 58109-970 Campina Grande - PB Brazil Department of Materials Engineering Pos-Graduate Program in Materials Science Engineering UFSCar Via Washington Luís km 235 13565-905 São Carlos - SP Brazil

Based on electrical and magnetic properties, such as saturation magnetization, initial permeability, and coercivity, in this work are presented some considerations about the possibilities of applications of nanocrystalline alloys in toroidal cores for current transformers. It is discussed how the magnetic characteristics of the core material affect the performance of the current transformer. From the magnetic characterization and the computational simulations, using the finite element method (FEM), it has been verified that, at the typical CT operation value of flux density, the nanocrystalline alloys properties reinforce the hypothesis that the use of these materials in measurement CT cores can reduce the ratio and phase errors and can also improve its accuracy class. © 2005.

关键词： Steel

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Phase-change metal ink with pH-controlled chemical sintering for versatile and scalable fabrication of variable stiffness electronics

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science Advances 2025年第22期11卷 eadv4921页

作者： Simok Lee Gun-Hee Lee Inho Kang Woojin Jeon Semin Kim Yejin Ahn Choong Yeon Kim Do A Kwon Michael D. Dickey Steve Park Seongjun Park Jae-Woong Jeong School of Electrical Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea. Medical Research Center Seoul National University Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea. Departments of Cogno-Mechatronics Engineering and Optics and Mechatronics Engineering Pusan National University Busan 46241 Republic of Korea. Graduate School of Semiconductor Technology Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea. KAIST Information and Electronics Research Institute Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea. Research Laboratory of Electronics Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge MA 02139 USA. Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Cambridge MA 02139 USA. Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering North Carolina State University (NCSU) Raleigh NC 27606 USA. Department of Materials Science and Engineering Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST) 291 Daehak-ro Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea. KAIST Institute for NanoCentury Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea. Department of Biomedical Sciences College of Medicine Seoul National University Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea. School of Transdisciplinary Innovations Seoul National University Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea. Interdisciplinary Program in Bioengineering College of Engineering Seoul National University Seoul 08826 Republic of Korea. Department of Transdisciplinary Medicine Seoul National University Hospital Seoul 03080 Republic of Korea. KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology Daejeon 34141 Republic of Korea.

Variable stiffness electronics represent the forefront of adaptive technology, integrating rigid and soft electronics in a single system through dynamic mechanical modulation. While gallium’s high modulus tuning ratio and rapid phase transitions make it ideal for transformative electronic systems (TES), its liquid-state instability, high surface tension, and unintended phase transitions during processing pose substantial challenges. Here, we introduce STiffness-Adjustable temperature-Responsive ink (STAR ink), a chemically sinterable gallium composite electronic ink designed to overcome these obstacles. STAR ink enables high-resolution (~50 micrometers) circuit patterning, large-scale batch fabrication, and three-dimensional structure coating at room temperature. Through pH-controlled chemical sintering, STAR ink–based TES exhibits exceptional mechanical tunability (tuning ratio: 1465) and electrical conductivity (2.27 × 106 siemens per meter). Demonstrated applications—from multilayered variable stiffness printed circuit boards (PCBs) matching standard PCBs’ complexity to body-temperature responsive neural probe—underscore STAR ink’s potential for reconfigurable electronics across consumer electronics and biomedical devices.

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Dilute-nitride GaNP planar and core/shell microwire solar cells

Dilute-nitride GaNP planar and core/shell microwire solar ce...

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Indium Phosphide and Related materials Conference

作者： Supanee Sukrittanon Ren Liu Janet L Pan Katherine L Jungjohann Shadi A Dayeh Charles W Tu Graduate Program of Materials Science and Engineering University of California San Diego United States of America Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of California San Diego United States of America Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies Sandia National Laboratories United States of America

ISBN: (纸本)9781509019656

Dilute nitride GaNP is potentially useful as the top junction in dual-junction solar cells on Si because it has a tunable direct-bandgap and small lattice mismatch with Si. Investigations on GaP are the first step toward this goal. Our best GaNP solar cell on GaP ([N] = 1.8%, Eg = 2.05 eV) achieves an efficiency of 7.9%, which is 3 times higher than the most efficient GaP solar cell to date and higher than other solar cells with similar direct bandgap (InGaP, GaAsP). We also report GaP/GaNP core/shell microwire solar cells utilizing top-down reactiveion etching to create the GaP cores and molecular beam epitaxy to create the GaNP shells. Systematic studies of cell performance over a series of microwire lengths, array periods, and sidewall morphologies, examined by transmission electron microscopy, were conducted to shed light on performance-limiting factors and to optimize the cell efficiency.

关键词： Photovoltaic cells Silicon Compounds Computers Laboratories Junctions Lattices

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New insight into pyrrolic-N site effect towards the first NIR window absorption of pyrrolic-N-rich carbon dots

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Nano Research 2023年第4期16卷 6001-6009页

作者： Fitri Aulia Permatasari Reza Umami Citra Deliana Dewi Sundari Tirta Rona Mayangsari Atthar Luqman Ivansyah Fahdzi Muttaqien Takashi Ogi Ferry Iskandar Department of Physics Faculty Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi BandungJalan Ganesha 10BandungWest Java 40132Indonesia Collaboration Research Center for Advanced Energy Materials National Research and Innovation Agency-Institut Teknologi BandungJalan Ganesha 10BandungWest Java 40132Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi BandungJl.Ganesha 10BandungWest Java 40132Indonesia Department of Chemistry Education UIN Sunan Gunung Djati BandungJl.CimincrangBandungWest Java 40292Indonesia Department of Chemistry Universitas PertaminaJakarta 12220Indonesia Master Program in Computational Science Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi BandungJl.Ganesha 10BandungWest Java 40132Indonesia Instrumentation and Computational Physics Research Group Faculty of Mathematics and Natural SciencesInstitut Teknologi BandungJl.Ganesha 10Bandung 40132Indonesia Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Institut Teknologi BandungJalan Ganesha 10BandungWest Java 40132Indonesia Chemical Engineering Program Department of Advanced Science and EngineeringGraduate School of Advanced Science and EngineeringHiroshima UniversityHigashi-Hiroshima 739-8527Japan

Controlled C-N configurations,i.e.,pyrrolic-N,pyridinic-N,and graphitic-N,are promising strategies to tailor the carbon dots’(CDs)optical properties into the first near infrared(NIR)window(650-900 nm),a responsive range for biomedical ***,a deep understanding of the role of the C-N configuration in the CDs’properties is still challenging and thoughtprovoking owing to their complex ***,an underlying pyrrolic-N concentration and position effect on the pyrrolic-N-rich CDs’absorption was comprehensively elucidated based on the integrated experimental and computational *** assynthesized pyrrolic-N-rich CDs exhibit a first NIR window absorption centered at 650 nm with high photothermal ***-N concentrations from 1.4%to 11.3%and positions(edge and mid-site)were systematically investigated.A mid-site pyrrolic-N was subsequently generated after the pyrrolic-N concentration more than 10%.Edge-site pyrrolic-N induces a frontier orbital hybridization,reducing bandgap energy,while mid-site pyrrolic-N plays a critical role in inducing a first NIR window absorption owing to their high charge ***,pyrrolic-N-rich CDs inherit a bowl-like topological feature,elevating the CDs’layer thickness as much as 0.71 *** study shed light on the design and optimization of pyrrolic-N on CDs for the first NIR window responsive materials in any biomedical application.

关键词： absorption carbon dots charge transfer first near infrared(NIR)window frontier orbital hybridization mid-site pyrrolic-N

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