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Reserpine-Induced Progressive Parkinsonism in Mice Predisposed and Non-Predisposed to Depressive-Like Behavior

Journal of Behavioral and Brain Science 2021年第11期11卷 267-279页

作者： Manuela B. L. Soares Leonardo B. Lopes-Silva Marcela Becegato Vinicius S. Bioni Alvaro C. Lima Gabriela M. Ferreira Ywlliane Meurer Regina H. Silva Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory Department of Pharmacology Federal University of S&atilde o Paulo S&atilde o Paulo Brazil Memory and Cognition Studies Laboratory Post-Graduate Program of Cognitive Neuroscience and Behavior Department of Psychology Federal University of Paraíba Jo&atilde o Pessoa Brazil

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive degenerative condition that mainly affects the elderly. The disease comprises motor symptoms such as tremors at rest, loss of voluntary movement, decreased muscle strength, propensity to lean forward and acceleration of the walking pace. These signs are related to the degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathway. Patients also have non-motor symptoms, among which sleep alterations, cognitive deficits, fatigue, pain and depression stand out. Although depression has been described as the most prevalent non-motor symptom, it is not clear whether this mood disorder is due to PD or patients would already have a greater predisposition. The present study evaluated the relationship between the predisposition to depressive-like behavior and the development of motor alterations in a progressive pharmacological model of PD in mice. Mice were classified into groups of depressive-like propensities and submitted to the pharmacological model. Reserpine was administrated at 0.1 mg/kg on alternate days for 40 days. The catalepsy and oral movement tests were used to evaluate motor alterations, the sucrose preference test was used to evaluate anhedonia, and the open field test was applied to evaluate general activity. Reserpine promoted parkinsonian motor impairments, and there were no differences between animals from different depressive-like behavior profiles. Thus, it was not possible to find a relationship between parkinsonism and the propensity to depression based on the basal sucrose preference test. More studies with other evaluations of depressive-like behavior are needed to confirm the results found in our study.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Depression Reserpine Mice

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Non-Invasive Neuromodulation of Adult ADHD: Investigation of the Effects of an Individualized Theta tACS Protocol

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Brain Stimulation 2025年第1期18卷 556-556页

作者： Senturk, Hansa Akturk, Tuba Hanoglu, Lutfu Department of Neuroscience Graduate School of Health Sciences Istanbul Medipol University Turkey Program of Electroneurophysiology Istanbul Medipol University Turkey Research Institute for Health Sciences and Technologies (SABITA) Istanbul Medipol University Turkey Section Brain Stimulation and Cognition Department of Cognitive Neuroscience Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience Maastricht University The Netherlands Department of Neurology School of Medicine Istanbul Medipol University Turkey

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Photonic smart bandage for wound healing assessment

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Photonics Research 2021年第3期9卷 272-280页

作者： Arnaldo Leal-Junior Jingjing Guo Rui Min Antonio Jose Fernandes Anselmo Frizera Carlos Marques Telecommunications Laboratory(LABTEL) Graduate Program in Electrical EngineeringFederal University of Espi’rito SantoVitoria-ES 29075-910Brazil School of Instrumentation and Optoelectronic Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and LearningBeijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China Physics Department&I3N Universidade de AveiroCampus Universitario de SantiagoAveiro 3810-193Portugal

Chronic wounds affect around 2% of the world population with an annual multi-billion dollar cost to the healthcare system. This background pushes the development of new therapies and procedures for wound healing and its assessment. Among them, the potential of hydrogen(pH) assessment is an important indicator of the wound healing stage and condition. This paper presents the development of the first optical fiber-embedded smart wound dressing for pH assessment. An intrinsically pH-sensitive optical fiber is fabricated using a polydimethylsiloxane(PDMS) precursor doped with rhodamine B dye. Raman and Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) spectroscopies are performed in order to verify the presence of rhodamine B and PDMS in the fiber samples. Then, the fiber is embedded in gauze fabric and hydrocolloid wound dressing. In addition, such low Young’s modulus of PDMS fiber enables its use as a highly sensitive pressure sensor, where the results show that the fiber-embedded bandage can measure pressures as low as 0.1 kPa with a high linearity in the range of 0 to 0.3 kPa. The smart bandage is subjected to different pH, which resulted in a wavelength shift of 0.67 nm/pH when the absorption peak at 515 nm was analyzed. Furthermore, pH increase leads to linear decrease of the transmitted optical power(R2 of 0.998), with rise and fall times below 20 s and 30 s, respectively. Therefore, the proposed optical fiber-embedded smart bandage enables the simultaneous assessment of pressure and pH on the wound region.

关键词： fiber smart healing

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Smart photonic wristband for pulse wave monitoring

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Opto-Electronic Science 2024年第12期3卷 12-27页

作者： Renfei Kuang Zhuo Wang Lin Ma Heng Wang Qingming Chen Arnaldo Leal Junior Santosh Kumar Xiaoli Li Carlos Marques Rui Min Center for Cognition and Neuroergonomics State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and LearningBeijing Normal UniversityZhuhai 519087China College of Science Shenyang Aerospace UniversityShenyang 110136China School of Microelectronics Science and Technology Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Information Processing Chips and SystemsSun Yat-Sen UniversityZhuhai 519082China Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Espírito SantoFernando Ferrari AvenueVitoria 29075-910Brazil Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering Koneru Lakshmaiah Education FoundationVaddeswaramAndhra Pradesh 522302India CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials Physics DepartmentUniversity of AveiroAveiro 3810-193Portugal

Real-time acquisition of human pulse signals in daily life is clinically important for cardiovascular disease monitoring and ***,we propose a smart photonic wristband for pulse signal monitoring based on speckle pattern analysis with a polymer optical fiber(POF)integrated into a sports *** different speckle pattern processing algorithms and POFs with different core diameters were *** results indicated that the smart photonic wristband had a high signal-to-noise ratio and low latency,with the measurement error controlled at approximately 3.7%.This optimized pulse signal could be used for further medical diagnosis and was capable of objectively monitoring subtle pulse signal changes,such as the pulse waveform at different positions of Cunkou and pulse waveforms before and after *** the assistance of artificial intelligence(AI),functions such as gesture recognition have been realized through the established prediction model by processing pulse signals,in which the recognition accuracy reaches 95%.Our AI-assisted smart photonic wristband has potential applications for clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases and home monitoring,paving the way for medical Internet of Things-enabled smart systems.

关键词： smart healthcare specklegram pulse monitoring gesture recognition artificial intelligence wearable sensor

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Motor cortex repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in fibromyalgia: a multicentre randomised controlled trial

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British Journal of Anaesthesia 2025年第6期134卷 1756-1764页

作者： Silva, Valquíria A. Baptista, Abrahão F. Fonseca, Alessandra S. Carneiro, Adriana M. Brunoni, André R. Carrilho, Paulo.E.M. Lins, Catarina C. Kubota, Gabriel T. Fernandes, Ana Mércia B.L. Lapa, Jorge.D.S. dos Santos, Lucas M. Sasso, Ivo Monte-Silva, Katia Poindessous-Jazat, Frédérique Mori, Nobuhiko Miki, Kenji Baltar, Adriana Tanaka, Clarice Teixeira, Manoel J. Hosomi, Koichi Bouhassira, Didier Attal, Nadine Ciampi de Andrade, Daniel LIM 62 - Pain Center Department of Neurology São Paulo Brazil Service of Interdisciplinary Neuromodulation (SIN) Department and Institute of Psychiatry São Paulo Brazil Medical-Surgical Nursing Department University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Center for Mathematics Computation and Cognition Federal University of ABC São Paulo Brazil Mood Disorder Program (Pro-GRUDA) Department of Psychiatry University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Medicine School “Professor Orival Alves” State University of Western Paraná (UNIOESTE) Paraná Brazil Neurosurgery Unit Hospital de Cirurgia Sergipe Aracaju Brazil Department of Medicine Federal University of Sergipe Sergipe São Cristóvão Brazil LIM 54 - Physiotherapy Research Laboratory University of São Paulo São Paulo Brazil Applied Neuroscience Laboratory Universidade Federal de Pernambuco Cidade Universitária Pernambuco Brazil UVSQ-Paris-Saclay University Ambroise Paré Hospital Boulogne-Billancourt U987 France Department of Neurosurgery Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Osaka Japan Faculty of Health Science Osaka Yukioka College of Health Science Osaka Japan Center for Pain Management Hayaishi Hospital Osaka Japan Center for Neuroplasticity and Pain (CNAP) Department of Health Science and Technology University of Aalborg Gistrup Denmark

Background: Despite affecting 2–4% of the population worldwide, fibromyalgia often remains refractory to treatment. Here we report the first international randomised double-blind, sham-controlled trial developed to assess the efficacy of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) as an add-on therapy for fibromyalgia. Methods: Women aged ≥18 yr with fibromyalgia refractory to best available treatment were enrolled in Brazil, France, and Japan, and randomised to 10 Hz motor cortex (M1) rTMS, 3000 pulses day⁻¹, or sham stimulation. This included 10 induction sessions over 2 weeks, followed by weekly maintenance (6 weeks), and fortnightly extended maintenance (8 weeks). Primary outcome was ≥50% pain reduction at week 8 compared with baseline. Secondary outcomes included pain interference, mood, global impression of change, and Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ) scores at weeks 8 and 16. Results: We randomised 101 women (mean age 48 [range 25-83] yr) into active (n=52) or sham (n=49) arms. Bayesian analysis revealed a 99.4% probability of ≥50% pain reduction at week 8 in the active group vs sham (odds ratio [OR] 3.04;95% credible interval [95% CrI] 1.26–8.06), with a number needed to treat of 4.54. Frequentist analysis confirmed that relative pain reduction was higher in the active than in the sham group (40.4% vs 18.4%, P=0.028). At week 16, this probability reduced to 34.2% (OR 0.815;95% CrI 0.313–2.1), but the likelihood of FIQ score reduction was 79.1%. The intervention appeared safe. Conclusions: Add-on M1-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation reduced pain intensity up to 8 weeks in women with fibromyalgia. Although analgesic effects waned, functional improvements remained during extended maintenance at week 16. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： chronic pain clinical trial fibromyalgia neuromodulation transcranial magnetic stimulation

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INVOLVEMENT OF MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX CANONICAL WNT/Β-CATENIN AND NON-CANONICAL WNT/CA2+ SIGNALING PATHWAYS IN CONTEXTUAL FEAR MEMORY IN MALE RATS

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IBRO neuroscience Reports 2023年 15卷 S842-S842页

作者： Rodrigo Narvaes Eduarda Nachtigall Lucas Aschidamini Marcondes Jociane Myskiw Cristiane Furini Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul Laboratory Of Cognition And Memory Neurobiology - Brain Institute Porto Alegre Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Graduate Program In Neuroscience Porto Alegre Brazil Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul Psychobiology And Neurocomputation Laboratory Porto Alegre Brazil

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Visual representations in the human brain are aligned with large language models

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Doerig, Adrien Kietzmann, Tim C. Allen, Emily Wu, Yihan Naselaris, Thomas Kay, Kendrick Charest, Ian Institute of Cognitive Science University of Osnabrück Germany Donders Institute for Brain Cognition & Behaviour Nijmegen Netherlands Department of Radiology University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Department of Psychology University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Graduate Program in Cognitive Science University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States Department of Neuroscience University of Minnesota MinneapolisMN United States cerebrUM Département de Psychologie Université de Montréal Montréal Canada Center for Human Brain Health School of Psychology University of Birmingham Birmingham United Kingdom

The human brain extracts complex information from visual inputs, including objects, their spatial and semantic interrelations, and their interactions with the environment. However, a quantitative approach for studying this information remains elusive. Here, we test whether the contextual information encoded in large language models (LLMs) is beneficial for modelling the complex visual information extracted by the brain from natural scenes. We show that LLM embeddings of scene captions successfully characterise brain activity evoked by viewing the natural scenes. This mapping captures selectivities of different brain areas, and is sufficiently robust that accurate scene captions can be reconstructed from brain activity. Using carefully controlled model comparisons, we then proceed to show that the accuracy with which LLM representations match brain representations derives from the ability of LLMs to integrate complex information contained in scene captions beyond that conveyed by individual words. Finally, we train deep neural network models to transform image inputs into LLM representations. Remarkably, these networks learn representations that are better aligned with brain representations than a large number of state-of-the-art alternative models, despite being trained on orders-of-magnitude less data. Overall, our results suggest that LLM embeddings of scene captions provide a representational format that accounts for complex information extracted by the brain from visual inputs. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

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APOEΕ4 associates with microglial activation independently of Aβ plaques and tau tangles

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Science Advances 2023年第14期9卷 eade1474页

作者： Ferrari-Souza, João Pedro Lussier, Firoza Z. Leffa, Douglas T. Therriault, Joseph Tissot, Cécile Bellaver, Bruna Ferreira, Pâmela C.L. Malpetti, Maura Wang, Yi-Ting Povala, Guilherme Benedet, Andréa L. Ashton, Nicholas J. Chamoun, Mira Servaes, Stijn Bezgin, Gleb Kang, Min Su Stevenson, Jenna Rahmouni, Nesrine Pallen, Vanessa Poltronetti, Nina Margherita O’Brien, John T. Rowe, James B. Cohen, Ann D. Lopez, Oscar L. Tudorascu, Dana L. Karikari, Thomas K. Klunk, William E. Villemagne, Victor L. Soucy, Jean-Paul Gauthier, Serge Souza, Diogo O. Zetterberg, Henrik Blennow, Kaj Zimmer, Eduardo R. Rosa-Neto, Pedro Pascoal, Tharick A. Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Biochemistry Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul RS Porto Alegre Brazil de l'Ouest-de-l'Île-de-Montréal Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery Psychiatry and Pharmacology and Therapeutics McGill University MontrealQC Canada ADHD Outpatient Program and Development Psychiatry Program Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre RS Porto Alegre Brazil Department of Clinical Neurosciences Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Psychiatry and Neurochemistry Sahlgrenska Academy the University of Gothenburg Mölndal Sweden Centre for Age-Related Medicine Stavanger University Hospital Stavanger Norway Department of Old Age Psychiatry Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience King’s College London London United Kingdom Montreal Neurological Institute McGill University MontrealQC Canada Artificial Intelligence and Computational Neurosciences lab Sunnybrook Research Institute University of Toronto TorontoON Canada LC Campbell Cognitive Neurology Unit Hurvitz Brain Sciences Program Sunnybrook Research Institute University of Toronto TorontoON Canada Department of Psychiatry University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit University of Cambridge Cambridge United Kingdom Department of Neurology University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA United States Clinical Neurochemistry Laboratory Sahlgrenska University Hospital Gothenburg Sweden Department of Neurodegenerative Disease UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology London United Kingdom UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL London United Kingdom Hong Kong Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases Hong Kong Department of Pharmacology Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul RS Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Pharmacology and Therapeuctis Universidade Federal do

Animal studies suggest that the apolipoprotein E Ε4 (APOEΕ4) allele is a culprit of early microglial activation in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Here, we tested the association between APOEΕ4 status and microglial activation in living individuals across the aging and AD spectrum. We studied 118 individuals with positron emission tomography for amyloid-β (Aβ;[18F]AZD4694), tau ([18F]MK6240), and microglial activation ([11C]PBR28). We found that APOEΕ4 carriers presented increased microglial activation relative to noncarriers in early Braak stage regions within the medial temporal cortex accounting for Aβ and tau deposition. Furthermore, microglial activation mediated the Aβ-independent effects of APOEΕ4 on tau accumulation, which was further associated with neurodegeneration and clinical impairment. The physiological distribution of APOE mRNA expression predicted the patterns of APOEΕ4-related microglial activation in our population, suggesting that APOE gene expression may regulate the local vulnerability to neuroinflammation. Our results support that the APOEΕ4 genotype exerts Aβ-independent effects on AD pathogenesis by activating microglia in brain regions associated with early tau deposition. Copyright © 2023 The Authors, some rights reserved;exclusive licensee American Association for the Advancement of Science. No claim to original U.S. Government Works. Distributed under a Creative Commons Attribution NonCommercial License 4.0 (CC BY-NC).

关键词： Gene expression

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Efficacy of Add-On Agomelatine on Agitation, Aggression, and Neuroprotection in Alzheimer's Disease: A Randomized, Blinded, Controlled Trial

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American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry 2025年第8期33卷 819-834页

作者： Kargar, Alireza Fetratjoo, Delara Hazegh Moattar, Reihaneh Tarki, Anahita Golsokhan, Aram Pouyan, Niloufar Amjadi-Goojgi, Zahra Mostafaei, Hamideh Kakeri, Fariba Zendehbad, Azadeh Sadat Lima, Behnam Safarpour Esmaily, Hadi Noroozian, Maryam Department of Clinical Pharmacy (AK HE) School of Pharmacy Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Cognitive Neurology (AK DHF RM AT ZAG MN) Dementia and Neuropsychiatry Research Center Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran School of Pharmacy (DHF) Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Health Psychology (AT) Karaj Branch Islamic Azad University Karaj Iran Yaadmaan Institute for Brain (AG HM FK) Cognition and Memory Studies Tehran Iran Department of Psychology (AG) Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences Islamic Azad University Karaj Branch Karaj Iran Department of Anesthesiology (NP) University of Michigan Medical School Ann Arbor MI United States Neuroscience Graduate Program (NP) University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI United States Department of Geriatric Health (ASZ) Science and Research Branch Islamic Azad University Tehran Iran Department of Neurology (BSL) School of Medicine Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Background: Agitation and aggression are challenging behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), which is diagnosed based on NINCDS-ADRDA criteria. Limited efficacy and safety of existing pharmacotherapies complicate treatment. Agomelatine, a melatonergic agonist and serotonergic antagonist, may provide a safer and more effective alternative. Objectives: The primary outcome is to evaluate the efficacy of agomelatine as an add-on therapy to nonpharmacological treatment in reducing agitation and aggression in patients with AD, with secondary outcomes assessing its safety and potential neuroprotective effects. Methods: In a randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial, 56 patients with AD (aged ≥65) experiencing agitation and aggression received 12.5 mg agomelatine (n = 28) or placebo (n = 28) daily for 6 weeks. The primary outcome was the Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) score change. Secondary outcomes included serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels and safety. Results: At 6 weeks, the agomelatine group showed a greater reduction in CMAI scores than placebo (mean difference: –12.39, 95% CI: –19.37 to –5.42;p = 0.001). No significant BDNF changes were detected (p = 0.848). Total adverse events (AEs) were more common in the agomelatine group (50.0% vs. 21.4%, p = 0.050), but no serious AEs or liver enzyme abnormalities were reported. Conclusion: A daily dose of 12.5 mg agomelatine may effectively and safely reduce agitation and aggression in patients with AD when used as an add-on therapy. However, further studies with larger samples and extended durations are needed to definitively confirm agomelatine's role in managing BPSD in AD. © 2025 American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry

关键词： aggression agitation Agomelatine Alzheimer's disease behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD) brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) Cohen-Mansfield Agitation Inventory (CMAI) sundowning syndrome

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Startling acoustic stimuli hasten reflexive choice reaching tasks by enhancing, but not changing the timing of, express visuomotor responses

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The Journal of physiology 2025年第11期603卷 2025 May 29页

作者： Vivian Weerdesteyn Sarah L Kearsley Aaron L Cecala Ewan A Macpherson Brian D Corneil Department of Rehabilitation Donders Institute for Brain Cognition and Behavior Radboud University Medical Center Nijmegen the Netherlands. Research Department Sint Maartenskliniek Nijmegen the Netherlands. Graduate Program in Neuroscience Western University London Ontario Canada. Department of Physiology & Pharmacology Western University London Ontario Canada. School of Communication Sciences and Disorders Western University London Ontario Canada. National Centre for Audiology Western University London Ontario Canada. Department of Psychology Western University London Ontario Canada. Robarts Research Institute Western University London Ontario Canada.

Responding to an external stimulus takes ∼200 ms, but this can be shortened to as little as ∼120 ms with the additional presentation of a startling acoustic stimulus. This phenomenon is hypothesized to arise from the involuntary release of a prepared movement (a StartReact effect). However, a startling acoustic stimulus also expedites rapid mid-flight, reactive adjustments to unpredictably displaced targets which could not have been prepared in advance. We surmise that for such rapid visuomotor transformations, intersensory facilitation may occur between auditory signals arising from the startling acoustic stimulus and visual signals relayed along a fast subcortical network. To explore this, we examined how a startling acoustic stimulus shortens reaction times in a task that produces express visuomotor responses, which are brief bursts of muscle activity that arise from a fast tectoreticulospinal network. We measured express visuomotor responses on upper limb muscles in humans as they reached either toward or away from a stimulus in blocks of trials where movements could either be fully prepared or not, occasionally pairing stimulus presentation with a startling acoustic stimulus. The startling acoustic stimulus reliably produced larger but fixed-latency express visuomotor responses in a target-selective manner, and also shortened reaction times, which were equally short for prepared and unprepared movements. Our results provide insights into how a startling acoustic stimulus shortens the latency of reactive movements without full motor preparation. We propose that the reticular formation is the probable node for intersensory convergence during the most rapid transformations of vision into targeted reaching actions. KEY POINTS: A startling acoustic stimulus (SAS) shortens reaction times by releasing fully prepared motor programmes (the StartReact effect), but can also hasten responses in reflexive tasks without any movement preparation. Here we measure the effect of

关键词： EMG acoustic startle reaching reaction time

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