The use of optimization techniques has become integral to the design and analysis of most industrial and socio-economic systems. Great strides have been made recently in the solution of large-scale problems arising in...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781475728361
ISBN:
(纸本)9780792354581;9781441948076
The use of optimization techniques has become integral to the design and analysis of most industrial and socio-economic systems. Great strides have been made recently in the solution of large-scale problems arising in such areas as production planning, airline scheduling, government regulation, and engineering design, to name a few. Analysts have found, however, that standard mathematical programming models are often inadequate in these situations because more than a single objective function and a single decision maker are involved. Multiple objective programming deals with the extension of optimization techniques to account for several objective functions, while game theory deals with the inter-personal dynamics surrounding conflict. Bilevel programming, the focus of this book, is in a narrow sense the combination of the two. It addresses the problern in which two decision makers, each with their individual objectives, act and react in a noncooperative, sequential manner. The actions of one affect the choices and payoffs available to the other but neither player can completely dominate the other in the traditional sense.
In this paper, we assess the benefits of risk pooling in the service parts logistics systems. We formulate a special case of the Network Design Inventory Problem (NDIP) and define conditions for which complete central...
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In this paper, we assess the benefits of risk pooling in the service parts logistics systems. We formulate a special case of the Network Design Inventory Problem (NDIP) and define conditions for which complete centralization and complete decentralization are optimal. Computational results show that the range of cost parameter values within which partial decentralization is optimal is very small. As a result, in most cases the optimal solution is either close to complete decentralization or close to complete centralization. Finally, we develop an algorithm that evaluates a small set of solutions that form an efficient frontier over the rest of the feasible solutions.
In semiconductor manufacturing, wafers are processed and transported in batches of a constant size (called lots), typically 25 wafers. As part of the overall goal of shortening product cycle times without sacrificing ...
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In semiconductor manufacturing, wafers are processed and transported in batches of a constant size (called lots), typically 25 wafers. As part of the overall goal of shortening product cycle times without sacrificing throughput in wafer fabrication facilities (fabs), one idea the manufacturers are contemplating is reducing the lot size. Smaller lot sizes are now an option due to several technological and logistical advances in the industry. The transition to larger wafers (from 300 mm to 450 mm in diameter) in the next generation fabs may increase the advantages of smaller lot sizes. In this study, we analyze and evaluate the effect of lot size on cycle time and work-in-process inventory performance measures using several single machine queuing models. We support our analytical findings by a computational example. Our preliminary results indicate that reducing the lot size decreases the cycle time but, the scale of the cycle time reduction depends on the system variance and technology improvement. While the system variance limits the reduction in cycle times due to the lot size reduction, poor technology improvement may result with even higher cycle times.
A theory of generalized gradients is presented for a class of Lipschitz vector-valued mappings from a Banach space to a locally convex order complete vector lattice. Necessary optimality conditions are obtained for no...
We address the problem of assigning multiple copies of n independently developed versions of a program to a set of m(m > n) possibly heterogeneous processors to maximize system reliability. This problem is viewed a...
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We propose a two-stage hierarchical model for scheduling preventive maintenance tasks in semiconductor fabrication. Given a set of tasks and time windows in which those tasks must be performed, a higher level model wi...
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We propose a two-stage hierarchical model for scheduling preventive maintenance tasks in semiconductor fabrication. Given a set of tasks and time windows in which those tasks must be performed, a higher level model will place each task inside a 12-hour shift, while a lower level model schedules each task within the shift given by the higher level model. We describe the higher level model, suggest a heuristic to obtain upper and lower bounds on the optimal solution, and present computational results that examine the relationship between the tightness of the bounds and the problem parameters.
If one accepts the premise that there is no wealth without production, whether at the individual or national level, one is immediately led to the conclusion that the study of productive systems lies at the forefront o...
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ISBN:
(数字)9781461311959
ISBN:
(纸本)9780412610202;9781461285076
If one accepts the premise that there is no wealth without production, whether at the individual or national level, one is immediately led to the conclusion that the study of productive systems lies at the forefront of subjects that should be intensively, as well as rationally and extensively, studied to achieve the desired 'sustainable growth' of society, where the latter is defined as growth in the quality of life that does not waste the available resources in the long run. Since the end of World War II there has been a remarkable evolution in thinking about production, abetted to a large measure by the nascent field of informatics: the computer technology and the edifices that have been built around it, such as information gathering and dissemination worldwide through communication networks, software products, peripheral interfaces, etc. Additionally, the very thought processes that guide and motivate studies in production have undergone fundamental changes which verge on being revolutionary, thanks to developments in operationsresearch and cybernetics.
Hourly changes in patient census and acuity require hospitals to update their staffing needs on a continuing basis. This paper discusses the problem that management faces several times a day as the demand for nursing ...
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A stochastic energy system optimization model is developed to investigate capacity planning under policy uncertainty in the ERCOT area. The optimal hedging strategy under carbon tax uncertainty is to delay decarboniza...
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