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Production and characterization of polymeric nanocomposite foams based on starch and cellulose nanofibers from oil palm mesocarp fiber

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Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland) 2025年第2期15卷 1-11页

作者： Souza, Mariana Costa Gonçalves, Ana Paula Bispo da Silva Oliveira, Emanoel Igor dos Santos, Juscivaldo Passos Lazzari, Lídia Kunz Zattera, Ademir José José, Nadia Mamede Chemical Engineering Graduate Program Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia Bahia Salvador Brazil Department of Education Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Feira de Santana Bahia Brazil Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias Do Sul Rio Grande Do Sul Caxias Do Sul Brazil

The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly materials has promoted studies over the years to explore different polymeric materials that meet requirements such as biodegradability and sustainability. In this context, biopolymer materials based on cellulose nanoparticles and starch from different botanical sources have been investigated, aiming to achieve satisfactory performance. The present study aims to develop and characterize cassava starch foams based on density, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and three-point flexure tests, and to evaluate the effect of cellulose nanofibers obtained from palm mesocarp fibers using the ultrafine friction grinding method after different processing times, characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), microscopy, and chemical composition, as a reinforcing filler. The chemical composition and scanning electron microscopy revealed the effectiveness of the cellulose isolation process, with the analysis of the chemical composition revealing a cellulose content of 55.70% in the fibers after pulping and bleaching, in addition to changes in the visual characteristics of the material after the process aimed at isolating the cellulose. After grinding, XRD showed an increase in crystallinity (76.1% at the maximum grinding time), along with typical microscopy images of cellulose nanofibers. The analysis of the obtained nanocomposites provided insights into the role of these nanostructures in the thermo-expanded starch matrix, indicating that the nanofibers promoted changes such as an increase in mechanical properties and crystallinity, which contributed to improving overall mechanical performance. A 67.48% increase in flexural strength was achieved for the formulation with cellulose nanofibers that underwent 150 min of grinding, without causing major variations in density. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2025.

关键词： Starch

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Biomass-Based Discrete Furan Oligomers as Materials for Electrochromic Devices

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ACS Sustainable Chemistry and engineering 2024年第1期12卷 459-469页

作者： Atayde, Eduardo C. Fong, Guan-Lun Yeh, Jyun-Yi Matsagar, Babasaheb M. Wang, Yu-Cheng Chen, De-Chian Peng, Chi-How Li, Yi-Pei Yamauchi, Yusuke Ho, Kuo-Chuan Wu, Kevin C.-W. Molecular Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP-MST) Academia Sinica No. 128 Sec. 2 Academia Road Taipei 11529 Taiwan Department of Chemistry National Tsing Hua University No. 101 Sec. 2 Kuang-Fu Road Hsinchu 30013 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering National Taiwan University No. 1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Road Taipei 10617 Taiwan Sustainable Chemical Science and Technology Program Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP-SCST) Academia Sinica No. 128 Sec. 2 Academia Road Taipei 11529 Taiwan School of Chemical Engineering and Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology (AIBN) The University of Queensl Brisbane 4072 QLD Australia Department of Materials Process Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603 Japan Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering National Taiwan University No.1 Sec. 4 Roosevelt Rd. Taipei 10617 Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Yuan Ze University No. 135 Yuandong Rd. Taoyuan 320 Taiwan

Electrochromic devices (ECDs) are materials that can undergo reversible changes in transmittance when exposed to different applied potentials. While many conjugated heterocyclic oligomers, such as oligothiophenes, have been developed for this purpose, there is no reported study on the use of discrete oligomeric furans as ECD materials. In this work, we introduce a furan trimer that can be utilized as a discrete electrochromic material, which transitions from light yellow to red and has a very high coloration efficiency of 1940 cm²/C at 507 nm. We propose that the reversible π-stack formation of the oligomer radical cations is behind this phenomenon, as evidenced by both experimental and computational results. The derivability of this oligomer from biomass and its facile synthesis make it an interesting alternative for other existing organic electrochromic materials. © 2023 American Chemical Society

关键词： electrochromism furan oligomer hydroxyalkylation−alkylation reaction solvatochromism π-stacks

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Synergistic sodium alginate- and biochar-immobilized cells for enhancing fermentative hydrogen production from food waste

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Environmental Science and Pollution Research 2024年第56期31卷 64524-64533页

作者： Ngamnurak, Phonsini Plangklang, Pensri Pomdaeng, Prakaidao Ko, Ting-Wu Reungsang, Alissara Chu, Chen-Yeon Graduate School Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Department of Biology Technology Faculty of Technology Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Research Group for Development of Microbial Hydrogen Production Process From Biomass Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen40002 Thailand Institute of Green Products Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Ph.D. Program of Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Master’s Program of Green Energy Science and Technology Feng Chia University Taichung Taiwan Academy of Science Royal Society of Thailand Bangkok10300 Thailand

An immobilized hydrogen-producing consortium investigated biohydrogen production from food waste using a combination of sodium alginate and cassava rhizome biochar. We investigated the effect of varying the biochar concentration from 0 to 3% and the size of immobilized cells from 1 to 7 mm. Immobilized cells were prepared using 50% (v/v) enriched hydrogen-producing consortium, 2% (w/v) sodium alginate, and 0 to 3% (w/v) cassava rhizome biochar. The optimal conditions for achieving the highest hydrogen production in the batch fermentation reactor were identified as a biochar concentration of 2% (w/v) and an immobilized cell size of 2 mm. The highest hydrogen yield, maximum hydrogen production rate, and lag time recorded were 0.69 mmol H2/g-COD, 0.02 mmol H2/g-COD.h, and 41.51 h, respectively. This research highlights the potential of cassava biochar technology for efficient biohydrogen production from food waste, contributing to renewable energy generation and sustainable waste management. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Anaerobic digestion

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The Use of Nir Spectroscopy for Direct Quantification of Methane, Co2, and Moisture in Compressed Systems

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Torres, Larissa F. Oliveira, Marilia R. Barbalho, Thales C.S. Dariva, Cláudio Borges, Gustavo R. Ndiaye, Papa M. Tavares, Frederico Wanderley Cidade Universitária Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil Av. Murilo Dantas 300 SE AracajuCEP 49032-490 Brazil Tiradentes University Graduate Program in Process Engineering Brazil

The use of Near Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) has a significant potential to enable the detection and quantification of natural gas components (e.g., CH4, CO2, moisture). It offers a quick, non-invasive, and non-destructive approach, eliminating the challenges associated with traditional sampling methods. Here, we investigated the applicability of the NIR technique to perform accurate quantifications of CH4, CO2, and moisture in compressed systems. The system’s pressure is also considered a response variable. The spectra collection was made at room temperature (25 °C), with pressures up to 120 bar and CO2 concentrations varying from 0 to 50% of the total composition. The Partial Least Squares (PLS) was used as the regression method, and the Quartz Crystal Microbalance (QCM) as the reference technique for moisture quantification. The results indicated a good fit of the PLS regression model to the experimental data, as evidenced by the calculated calibration and prediction errors. While the water content estimation exhibited slightly higher deviations compared to other response variables, they are consistent with the experimental errors associated with the QCM technique used as the reference measurement. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Near infrared spectroscopy

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Study of chlorine removal from shredder residue: Thermal dechlorination and water leaching

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

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Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment 2024年 6卷

作者： Manera, Christian Perondi, Daniele Restelatto, Danielle Godinho, Marcelo Vilela, Antônio Cezar Faria Graduate Program in Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil

Shredder residue (SR) is an inevitable waste in the production of steel by scrap melting, and the presence of chlorine is the main responsible for its non-use of energy. This study aimed to remove chlorine from SR by thermal dechlorination and water leaching. Thermal dechlorination was first studied from a PVC sample to evaluate the optimum parameters of temperature, heating rate, residence time and atmosphere (N₂ or steam). Under optimal conditions for PVC dechlorination, chlorine removals of 73.7 (N₂) and 68.0% (steam) were achieved. Optimal parameters were applied to thermal dechlorination of a Brazilian SR with a chlorine content of 2.12 wt%. Reductions in chlorine content to 0.95 and 0.51 wt% were observed with N₂ and steam atmospheres, respectively. In an additional evaluation (conducted also with the Brazilian SR and in order to investigate the reactor rotation effect), it was observed that the reactor rotation does not influence the release of chlorine during the thermal treatment but modifies the granulometry of the produced solid. Samples obtained from this test were subjected to a water leaching study to further reduce the chlorine content. The parameters studied were the type of water (tap and distilled), granulometry and carbonation (contact with CO₂) in a total of five washing cycles. Carbonation and use of distilled water achieved the highest chlorine removal resulting in a reduction of chlorine content from 1.13 to 0.45 wt%. The obtained results show directions for chlorine removal aiming at the energetic use of shredder residue. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Carbonation Chlorine leaching Design of experiment Polyvinyl chloride Shredder residue

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Efficient Separation of Carbon Dioxide and Methane in High-Pressure and Wet Gas Mixtures Using Zr-Mof-808

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Menezes, Tamires R. Santos, Kátilla M.C. Mao, Haiyan Santos, Klebson De Conto, Juliana F. Reimer, Jeffrey A. Dariva, Silvia M.E. Santana, Cesar C. Laboratory of Materials Synthesis and Chromatography Institute of Technology and Research SE Aracaju49032-490 Brazil Graduate Program in Process Engineering Tiradentes University SE Aracaju49032-490 Brazil Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering University of California Berkeley BerkeleyCA94720 United States

Due to global warming, the capture and separation of CO2 has been the focus of a plethora of research in order to mitigate its emissions and contribute to global development. Given that CO2 is commonly found in natural gas currents, there have been efforts to seek more efficient materials to separate gaseous mixtures such as CO2/CH4. However, there are only a few reports in regards to adsorption processes within pressurized systems. In the offshore scenario, natural gas currents still exhibit high moisture content, necessitating a greater understanding of processes in moist systems. In this article, a metal-organic framework synthesis based on zirconium (MOF-808) was carried out through a conventional solvothermal method and autoclave for the adsorption of CO2 and CH4 under different temperatures (45 °C to 65 °C) and pressures ranging from 50 to 100 bar. Furthermore, the adsorption of humid CO2 was evaluated using thermal analyses. The MOF-808 synthesized in autoclave showed a high surface area (1502 m2 g-1 per BET) and a high porosity volume (0.63 cm3 g-1 per DFT). As for the MOF-808 conventionally synthesized, though presenting a high crystallinity, it showed a lesser superficial area (1323 m2 g-1 per BET) and a lower volume of pores (0.51 cm3 g-1 per DFT) in relation to the one synthesized in the autoclave. Also, the MOF-808 synthesized in the autoclave showed a high capacity for CO2 adsorption at 50 bar and 45°C and had a low selectivity to capture CH4 molecules. It also exhibited a fine stability after five cycles of CO2 adsorption and desorption at 50 bar and 45 °C - as confirmed by structural post-adsorption analyses while maintaining its adsorption capacity and crystallinity. Furthermore, it can be observed that the adsorption capacity increased in a humid environment, and the adsorbent remained stable after adsorption cycles in the presence of moisture. Finally, it was possible to confirm the occurrence of physisorption processes through NMR analyses, valid

关键词： Carbon dioxide

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Input/output Linearization Control Technique for Anaerobic Digestion Reactor with Recirculation

Input/output Linearization Control Technique for Anaerobic D...

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2019 Research, Invention, and Innovation Congress, RI2C 2019

作者： Srisuddee, Sura Sriariyanun, Malinee Panjapornpon, Chanin Tawai, Atthasit Chemical and Process Engineering Program Siringhorn International Thai-German Graduate School of Engineering King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok Bangkok Thailand Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok Thailand

Anaerobic digestion (AD) process has been generally applied in factories for wastewater treatment and energy recovery. For the AD processes, the continuously stirred tank reactor (CSTR) with recirculation are typically applied in industries for methane production from wastewater treatment. Since the recycle stream affects the inlet concentration of the reactor, the control performance of traditional PI and PID controllers used to manipulate control actuators may be limited. Additionally, the process control loops related to biochemical reactions are generally employed the operational experiences without process dynamic consideration. A control system based on input/output (I/O) linearization control technique for an anaerobic digestion (AD) process was developed in this work. The control system applied the concept of the I/O linearization technique, which followed dynamic behaviors of the reactor with a two-step (acidogenesis-methanogenesis) kinetic model. The volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentration was regulated by manipulation of the dilution rate to achieve the requested trajectories. Control performances of the closed-loop system were investigated by a simulation under servo and regulatory problems. The simulation results showed that the developed control scheme successfully forced the controlled output to achieve the desired set points and handled the introduced control problems. © 2020 The Authors, published by EDP Sciences.

关键词： Wastewater treatment

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Degradation of the antibiotic ciprofloxacin in urine by electrochemical oxidation with a DSA anode

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Chemosphere 2023年 344卷 140407页

作者： Felisardo, Raul José Alves Brillas, Enric Romanholo Ferreira, Luiz Fernando Cavalcanti, Eliane Bezerra Garcia-Segura, Sergi Graduate Program in Process Engineering Tiradentes University 300 Murilo Dantas Avenue SE Aracaju49032-490 Brazil Nanosystems Engineering Research Center for Nanotechnology-Enabled Water Treatment School of Sustainable Engineering and the Built Environment Arizona State University TempeAZ85287 United States Laboratori d′Electroquímica dels Materials i del Medi Ambient Secció de Química Física Facultat de Química Universitat de Barcelona Martí i Franqus 1-11 Barcelona08028 Spain Graduate Program in Genomic Sciences and Biotechnology Catholic University of Brasília Brasília71966-700 Brazil Institute of Technology and Research 300 Murilo Dantas Avenue SE Aracaju49032-490 Brazil

Ciprofloxacin (CIP) is a commonly prescribed fluoroquinolone antibiotic that, even after uptake, remains unmetabolized to a significant extent—over 70%. Unmetabolized CIP is excreted through both urine and feces. This persistent compound manages to evade removal in municipal wastewater facilities, leading to its substantial accumulation in aquatic environments. This accumulation raises concerns about potential risks to the health of various living organisms. Herein, we present a study on the remediation of CIP in synthetic urine by electrochemical oxidation in an undivided cell with a DSA (Ti/IrO2) anode and a stainless-steel cathode. Physisorbed hydroxyl radical formed at the anode surface from water discharge and free chlorine generated from Cl− oxidation were the main oxidizing agents. The effect of pH and current density (j) on CIP degradation was examined, and its total removal was easily achieved at pH ≥ 7.0 and j ≥ 60 mA cm−2 due to the action of free chlorine. The CIP decay always followed a pseudo-first-order kinetics. The components of the synthetic urine were also oxidized. The main nitrogenated species released was NH3. A very small concentration of free chlorine was quantified at the end of the treatment, thus demonstrating the good performance of electrochemical oxidation and its effectiveness to destroy all the organic pollutants. The present study demonstrates the simultaneous oxidation of the organic components of urine during CIP degradation, thus showing a unique perspective for its electrochemical oxidation that enhances the environmental remediation strategies. © 2023 Elsevier Ltd

关键词： Electrochemical oxidation

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Critical Review on the Abatement Of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds In Iron-Based Materials Catalyzed Persulfate Systems: Reactive Species, Reaction Mechanisms, and Perspectives

SSRN

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SSRN 2024年

作者： Sun, Ye Huang, Ying Zheng, Shujie Chen, Haojia Yang, Yan Ji, Hongbing Han, Changseok School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry School of Environmental Science and Engineering Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou510006 China School of Environment Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study UCAS Hangzhou310024 China School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi Key Laboratory of Petrochemical Resource Processing and Process Intensification Technology Guangxi University Nanning530004 China Synergy Innovation Institute of Guangdong University of Technology Shantou515041 China Department of Environmental Engineering INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of Program in Environmental and Polymer Engineering Graduate School of INHA University Incheon22212 Korea Republic of

Persulfate-based advanced oxidation processes have emerged as promising technologies for mitigating endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) in wastewater treatment. Economically viable Fe-based materials with tailored properties have demonstrated significant efficacy in activating persulfate for the decomposition of EDCs through both radical-routes (•OH, SO4•−, and O2•−) and non-radical routes (1O2, surface activated PS complex, and high-valent Fe species). This review summarized the latest advancements in the persulfate activation mechanisms mediated by Fe-based materials, categorized by Fe valence states and the types of reactive species. Furthermore, it critically assesses the influence of active sites of Fe-based catalysts on persulfate activation pathways and summarizes the selective reaction of reactive species towards EDCs. Despite these advancements, several challenges persist in non-radical route-dominated persulfate activation, particularly regarding the impact of Fe-Fe distance on the reactive species and the catalytic role of Fe-based materials for reactions between inorganic ions and persulfate. This review proposes prospective research directions, provides design strategies, and expands the application of Fe-based materials in PS activation for effective EDC abatement in real situations. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Endocrine disrupters

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Synergetic strategy: upgrading fuel properties of waste starch composite fuels by blending torrefied spent coffee grounds

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Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers 2024年

作者： Chen, Wei-Hsin Chen, Guan-Hong Lee, Kuan-Ting Gunarathne, Duleeka Sandamali Hoang, Anh Tuan Department of Aeronautics and Astronautics National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Research Center for Smart Sustainable Circular Economy Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Mechanical Engineering National Chin-Yi University of Technology Taichung411 Taiwan International Master's Degree Program on Energy Engineering National Cheng Kung University Tainan701 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering Tunghai University Taichung407 Taiwan Department of Chemical and Process Engineering University of Moratuwa Moratuwa10400 Sri Lanka Faculty of Engineering Dong Nai Technology University Bien Hoa City Viet Nam Graduate School of Energy and Environment Korea University 145 Anam-ro Seongbuk-gu Seoul02841 Korea Republic of

Background: This study presents a composite solid fuel upgrading strategy by blending torrefied spent coffee grounds (TS) into waste starch (WS) at the weight ratios of 0 wt%, 5 wt%, 20 wt%, and 35 wt%. When the blending ratio of TS exceeds 35 wt%, TS-WS composite fuel fails to pelletize. Blending TS in WS contributes to the higher heating value (HHV) and carbon content. Methods: The Taguchi method is utilized to identify the optimal torrefaction conditions for HHV of TS. The highest HHV of TS at 300°C (300-TSCG) is 31.76 MJ∙kg−1, which is about 2.08 times that of WS. The carbon content, HHV, ignition temperature, and combustion reactivity of 35%TS-WS composite fuel are 51.15 wt%, 21.06 MJ∙kg−1, 262°C, and 4.6 wt%∙min-1∙°C−1, respectively. Attenuated total reflectance spectrometer, contact angle, hygroscopicity, mildew observation, storability, and water activity of TS-WS composite fuel are analyzed, and the storability of TS-WS composite fuel is discussed. Significant findings: Compared with 0%TS-WS, the HHV of 35% TS-WS increases 38%, while the carbon content increases by 34%. The mechanical strength of TS-WS decreases with the increase of TS blending amount. The strategy of blending TS and WS can significantly reduce the generation of WS and spent coffee grounds (SCGs) and upgrade the quality of composite solid fuel. Accordingly, TS-WS is a promising composite solid fuel that can approach sustainable production of biofuels without compromising commercial viability. © 2024 Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers

关键词： Spent fuels

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