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Production and characterization of polymeric nanocomposite foams based on starch and cellulose nanofibers from oil palm mesocarp fiber

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Applied Nanoscience (Switzerland) 2025年第2期15卷 1-11页

作者： Souza, Mariana Costa Gonçalves, Ana Paula Bispo da Silva Oliveira, Emanoel Igor dos Santos, Juscivaldo Passos Lazzari, Lídia Kunz Zattera, Ademir José José, Nadia Mamede Chemical Engineering Graduate Program Polytechnic School Federal University of Bahia Bahia Salvador Brazil Department of Education Federal Institute of Education Science and Technology Feira de Santana Bahia Brazil Postgraduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias Do Sul Rio Grande Do Sul Caxias Do Sul Brazil

The demand for sustainable and eco-friendly materials has promoted studies over the years to explore different polymeric materials that meet requirements such as biodegradability and sustainability. In this context, biopolymer materials based on cellulose nanoparticles and starch from different botanical sources have been investigated, aiming to achieve satisfactory performance. The present study aims to develop and characterize cassava starch foams based on density, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and three-point flexure tests, and to evaluate the effect of cellulose nanofibers obtained from palm mesocarp fibers using the ultrafine friction grinding method after different processing times, characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), microscopy, and chemical composition, as a reinforcing filler. The chemical composition and scanning electron microscopy revealed the effectiveness of the cellulose isolation process, with the analysis of the chemical composition revealing a cellulose content of 55.70% in the fibers after pulping and bleaching, in addition to changes in the visual characteristics of the material after the process aimed at isolating the cellulose. After grinding, XRD showed an increase in crystallinity (76.1% at the maximum grinding time), along with typical microscopy images of cellulose nanofibers. The analysis of the obtained nanocomposites provided insights into the role of these nanostructures in the thermo-expanded starch matrix, indicating that the nanofibers promoted changes such as an increase in mechanical properties and crystallinity, which contributed to improving overall mechanical performance. A 67.48% increase in flexural strength was achieved for the formulation with cellulose nanofibers that underwent 150 min of grinding, without causing major variations in density. © King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology 2025.

关键词： Starch

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Study of chlorine removal from shredder residue: Thermal dechlorination and water leaching

Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment

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Sustainable Chemistry for the Environment 2024年 6卷

作者： Manera, Christian Perondi, Daniele Restelatto, Danielle Godinho, Marcelo Vilela, Antônio Cezar Faria Graduate Program in Mining Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre Brazil Graduate Program in Process Engineering and Technologies University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil Graduate Program in Materials Science and Engineering University of Caxias do Sul (UCS) Rio Grande do Sul Caxias do Sul Brazil

Shredder residue (SR) is an inevitable waste in the production of steel by scrap melting, and the presence of chlorine is the main responsible for its non-use of energy. This study aimed to remove chlorine from SR by thermal dechlorination and water leaching. Thermal dechlorination was first studied from a PVC sample to evaluate the optimum parameters of temperature, heating rate, residence time and atmosphere (N₂ or steam). Under optimal conditions for PVC dechlorination, chlorine removals of 73.7 (N₂) and 68.0% (steam) were achieved. Optimal parameters were applied to thermal dechlorination of a Brazilian SR with a chlorine content of 2.12 wt%. Reductions in chlorine content to 0.95 and 0.51 wt% were observed with N₂ and steam atmospheres, respectively. In an additional evaluation (conducted also with the Brazilian SR and in order to investigate the reactor rotation effect), it was observed that the reactor rotation does not influence the release of chlorine during the thermal treatment but modifies the granulometry of the produced solid. Samples obtained from this test were subjected to a water leaching study to further reduce the chlorine content. The parameters studied were the type of water (tap and distilled), granulometry and carbonation (contact with CO₂) in a total of five washing cycles. Carbonation and use of distilled water achieved the highest chlorine removal resulting in a reduction of chlorine content from 1.13 to 0.45 wt%. The obtained results show directions for chlorine removal aiming at the energetic use of shredder residue. © 2024 The Authors

关键词： Carbonation Chlorine leaching Design of experiment Polyvinyl chloride Shredder residue

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Evaluation of differences in polyethersulfone membrane modification techniques using bio-additive dragon blood resin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2024年第1期3082卷

作者： Aulia Chintia Ambarita Sri Mulyati Nasrul Arahman Muhammad Roil Bilad Doctoral Program School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link Gadong BE1401 Brunei

Membrane surface modification is one of the simplest ways to enhance the anti-fouling attribute of a polyethersulfone (PES)-based membrane. This paper compared two modification methods of PES membranes using dragon blood resin (DBR) additive via blending in the dope solution and coating a pristine PES membrane. The effect of modification methods was evaluated based on the properties and performances of the resulting membranes. Results show that the DBR-blended membrane exhibits higher water permease but lesser humic acid rejection than the DBR-coated membrane. Characteristics of contact angle, porosity, and pore size showed linear results on permease performance. The FTIR spectrum did not reveal any new groups but differed only on peak intensity. The DBR-coated membrane showed excellent anti-fouling properties as demonstrated by a flux recovery percentage of > 350%.

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Characterization and performances of hydrophobic polymer membrane modified with dragon’s blood resin

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2023年第1期2613卷

作者： Aulia Chintia Ambarita Sri Mulyati Nasrul Arahman Muhammad Roil Bilad 1Doctoral School of Engineering Science School of Engineering Post Graduate Program Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 2Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universitas Syiah Kuala Banda Aceh 23111 Indonesia 3Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Integrated Technologies Universiti Brunei Darussalam Jalan Tungku Link-Gadong BE1401 Brunei

Hydrophobic membranes have limitations, which are the low permeation rate and susceptible to fouling, therefore membrane modifications are generally required. In this paper, hydrophobic polymer membrane modification has been studied by mixing dragon's blood resin (DBR) as bio additive. Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene Two types of polymers were used, they were polyethersulfon (M-3 PES) and polyvinylidene fluoride (M-3 PVDF) with a concentration of 14.5% polymer and 3% DBR. The results showed that M-3 PES had greater porosity, water uptake, pore size, and clean water flux than M3-PVDF. However, the antifouling performance of M-3 PVDF membrane tends to be better than M-3 PES, as well as its rejection. Both membranes tend to be stable even after repeated use.

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Managing your medical data

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Bulletin of the Association for Information Science and Technology 2012年第2期38卷

作者： Charlene Johnson Deborah E. Swain Graduate Student School of Library and Information Sciences at North Carolina Central University (NCCU) in Durham. She is a 2011 fellow in the Association of Research Libraries Career Enhancement Program (completed an eight-week summer internship at the University of Washington Seattle) and currently serves as the NCCU Special Library Association student chapter president. Charlene will receive her master's degree from NCCU in December 2011 with an emphasis in special and digital libraries Associate Professor North Carolina Central University's School of Library and Information Sciences in Durham. She has also taught at UNC-Chapel Hill NC State University and Campbell University and has over 20 years experience in research process engineering business and technical training and managing information projects for corporations such as IBM AT&T and Bell Labs/Lucent Technologies

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Coordinated control and its implementation

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process Safety Progress 1982年第2期1卷 85-90页

作者： C. S. Lin T. H. Tsai J. W. Lane Tenneco Inc. Houston Texas 77001 Cheng S. Lin:was born in Taiwan and received a BS in Mechanical Engineering at Cheng Kung University. He came to the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute in 1959 where he received a MME in Mechanical Engineering in 1962 and a PhD in Mechanical Engineering in 1966 He spent three years at West Virginia Pulp and Paper Co. in Process Control Research three years at TRW Inc. Systems Group on the Apollo program and nine years at Bonner and Moore Assoc. installing process control systems worldwide. He joined the Operations Technologies Department of Tenneco Inc. as a Consulting Engineer in June 1980. He is a US citizen and a member of IEEE. Thomas H. Tsai:is a Managing Engineer of the Operations Technologies Department of Tenneco Inc. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the State of Calif. and is a Member of AIChE and a Senior Member of ISA. He received a BS degree in Chemical Engineering at Tunghan University of Taiwan and attended graduate school at Oklahoma State University. James W. Lane:received a BE and MS in Chemical Engineering from the University of Southern California. He is a Registered Professional Engineer in the States of Tex and Calif. and is a Member of the AIChE Senior Member of the IEEE and Senior Member of the SME. For the last seven years he has been Director of the Operations Technologies Department of Tenneco Inc. a cooperate engineering group providing expertise in advanced control technology for process control energy management and environmental monitoring systems.

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