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Methodology for optimizing electrical grounding grids in stratified soils using advanced calculation techniques and evolutionary algorithms

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Swarm and Evolutionary Computation 2025年 95卷

作者： Silva, Carlos Leandro Borges da Pires, Thyago Gumeratto Silva Filho, Antonio Marcelino Bulhões, Junio Santos Belo, Orlando M. Oliveira Rodrigues, Clóves Gonçalves Coimbra, Antonio Paulo Calixto, Wesley Pacheco Electrical Mechanical & Computer Engineering School Federal University of Goias Goiania Goias PC 74.605-220 Brazil Institute of Systems and Robotics Coimbra University CoimbraPC 3030-290 Portugal Department of Informatics School of Engineering University of Minho BragaPC 4710-057 Portugal Electrical Power Systems Study Group Federal Institute of Tocantins Palmas TocantinsPC 77.021-090 Brazil Graduate Program in Production and Systems Engineering Pontifical Catholic University of Goias Goiania Goias PC 74605-010 Brazil Mato Grosso Brazil Technology Research and Development Center Federal Institute of Goias Goiania Goias PC 74.055-110 Brazil

This paper presents a practical methodology for optimizing the geometry of electrical grounding grids at industrial frequencies of 50Hz and 60Hz, integrating advanced calculation techniques and evolutionary algorithms to improve the safety and operational performance of electrical grounding systems. The proposed approach is particularly beneficial for industrial automation and control systems, where effective grounding is necessary to maintain system reliability and prevent downtime. This methodology employs mathematical modeling and computational tools to optimize grid parameters, ensuring compliance with safety standards while reducing operational costs, thus contributing to the overall efficiency of automated systems in industrial environments. The study reports a reduction of up to 66% in the number of vertical rods and 40% in horizontal conductors compared to traditional methods. These results indicate that the proposed methodology can significantly reduce material usage and costs while maintaining electrical safety in accordance with regulatory standards, making it applicable to a wide range of industrial settings, including substations and automated facilities. © 2025 The Authors

关键词： Electric grounding

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Travel Time Estimation by means of Google API Data ⁎

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 15434-15439页

作者： Jan M.S. Wagner Manuel Eschbach Kari Vosseberg Marc Gennat Graduate Program in Product Development in Mechanical Engineering Hochschule Niederrhein University of Applied Sciences 47805 Krefeld Germany

Modern urban planning not only has to coordinate the needs of many different inhabitants and traffic participants, but also faces other challenges such as modal shift towards sustainable transportation. A comprehensive database of historical traffic, which would facilitate a decision based on data, is lacking in many cities. This became clear in consultation with our partners from the city of Krefeld. A novel method is the use of public available traffic information such as traffic colors or travel time data from navigation providers. In this contribution a method is applied to estimate the travel duration from the traffic colors on city level. Here we show for the first time how it can be applied cost-effectively and how the accuracy can be estimated in combination with a validation of the database by test drives for urban streets. It will also be investigated, whether speed variation has an influence on the estimation of driving time. We found out that this influence is negligible for the investigated example and the mean deviation of estimation accuracy from the measured values is less than six percent. Based on these promising results, it is possible to build up a database for improved urban and traffic planning at low cost. This can lead to better information for all traffic participants, thus, an improved traffic flow control could result in a reduction of car traffic emissions in the end.

关键词： Parameter Estimation Convex optimization Floating Cars Travel Time Google Maps

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Revision of freshman engineering graphics to support an evolving core design sequence

Revision of freshman engineering graphics to support an evol...

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113th Annual ASEE Conference and Exposition, 2006

作者： Nastasi, John Sheppard, Keith Chassapis, Constantin Stevens Institute of Technology United States Product-Architecture Lab. Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Product Design Architecture and Engineering Department of Materials Engineering Executive Committee Department of Mechanical Engineering Department of Mechanical Engineering Stevens Institute of Technology United States

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Impact on the design phase of industrial housing when applying a product platform approach 26

Impact on the design phase of industrial housing when applyi...

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26th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction: Evolving Lean Construction Towards Mature production Management Across Cultures and Frontiers, IGLC 2018

作者： Thajudeen, Shamnath Lennartsson, Martin Elgh, Fredrik Prowood Graduate Program. Product development department School of Engineering Jönköping Sweden Department of building engineering and lighting science School of Engineering Jönköping Sweden Product development department School of Engineering Jönköping Sweden

ISBN: (纸本)9789380689296

With a glulam-based post-beam building system, a variety of building solutions is offered on the market for multi-story buildings. The building system must be adaptable to the demands of each project. However, short lead-time, efficient manufacturing and assembly must be ensured. The use of product platforms has been acknowledged as an enabler to manage external (customer) and internal (production) efficiency. The building system cannot be locked to a set of standard components as a high level of customisation is required. A set of methods and tools is needed to support the design work and to ensure that solutions stay inside the boundaries of the platform definition. The aim of this work is to map the state-of-practice in the design phase for a glulam building system from a platform theory perspective and outline a path forward for applying a sustainable platform development in companies where a component-based product platform does not suffice. Empirical data were gathered from an on-going product platform development including interviews and document analysis. The results show the lack of definition in platform-based product development from a theoretical perspective and need for development of support methods for design that align with different production strategies. © IGLC 2018 - Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the International Group for Lean Construction: Evolving Lean Construction Towards Mature production Management Across Cultures and Frontiers. All rights reserved.

关键词： Housing

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PD21: An education consortium for product development leadership

PD21: An education consortium for product development leader...

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2002 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Vive L'ingenieur

作者： Smith, Mark Mahoney, Denny Owen, Wally Prasad, Hriday Seering, Warren Rochester Institute of Technology Massachusetts Inst. of Technology Naval Postgraduate School University of Detroit Mercy Mfg. Mgmt. and Leadership Program Rochester Institute of Technology MIT Syst. Des. and Mgmt. Program Product Development Program Naval Postgraduate School Product Development Program University of Detroit Mercy Department of Mechanical Engineering MIT

Business survival and growth is critically dependent upon the ability to develop new products and services, yet there has been a distinct scarcity of educational programs whose overarching focus is product development. With support from the NSF and the Center for Innovation in product development (CIPD) at MIT, a university consortium was formed in 1998 to disseminate a Master of Science program focused on product development leadership. This paper reviews the evolution of "PD21", the "Education Consortium for product development Leadership in the 21st Century," from creation of the template Master's degree program at MIT and formation of the consortium, to the transfer of curriculum to three other member schools (RIT, the University of Detroit-Mercy, and the Naval Postgraduate School), to the future of the consortium.1 Attention is given to the complexities and challenges associated with collaboration within and between universities.

关键词： product development

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Leveraging what freshmen don't know: product development in an integrated business and engineering freshman workshop

Leveraging what freshmen don't know: Product development in ...

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2003 ASEE Annual Conference and Exposition: Staying in Tune with engineering Education

作者： Watkins, Todd A. Ochs, John B. Snyder, Drew M. College of Business and Economics Lehigh University Department of Mechanical Engineering Lehigh University Department of Art Lehigh University Lehigh University Intgd. Product Development Program Department Art

This paper discusses one part of our attempts at Lehigh University to put active, inquiry-based, collaborative, multidisciplinary experiences at the center of undergraduate education, starting in the freshman year. We briefly outline the goals, history, structure, and our evaluation of our Integrated Business and engineering Freshman Workshop, a team-project-based learning course emphasizing entrepreneurial product development. The main goal of the Workshop, and the interdisciplinary curricula which it leads into, is to enable graduates to move more rapidly along their chosen career paths, graduating both competent in their functional disciplines - whether business or engineering - and better prepared for long-term success. Freshmen, by and large, come as a blank slate in terms of disciplinary biases and expectations about college "coursework." By working in teams on original entrepreneurial, multi-disciplinary product development projects from the first year, students not only become multi-functional, self-directed and team-oriented, but better understand the context of the latter courses in their curricula. The program emphasizes higher-order skill development, including: problem and task identification in ill-defined problems;decision making under uncertainty and lack of information;integrating, connecting, and reflecting on diverse areas of knowledge;and written and oral communication. We also evaluate our progress based on several related sources of qualitative and quantitative assessment information. The paper concludes by exploring the major issues and lessons learned in program implementation.

关键词： product development

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A simulation methodology to evaluate electromagnetic compatibility in printed circuit boards 4

A simulation methodology to evaluate electromagnetic compati...

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4th International Symposium on Instrumentation Systems, Circuits and Transducers, INSCIT 2019

作者： Comin, Rodrigo Ferreira, Sandro Binsfeld Rhod, Eduardo Luis Product Development Engineering Valeo Thermal Bus Systems Caxias do Sul Brazil E. E. Graduate Program - Itt-Chip Unisinos University Sao Leopoldo Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781728121093

In competitive segments like automobile and bus manufacturing industries, quality of vehicles need to be improved constantly to meet internal and external market demands. Compliance with international standard regulations for electronic equipment require expensive tests as part of the design and certification processes. In this work, a methodology to simulate electromagnetic compatibility tests is proposed, enabling cost reduction during certification, and consequently reducing development time. Two different printed-circuit-board layouts of a DC/DC-converter case study are compared through measurements and simulations to validate the methodology. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Electromagnetic compatibility

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Modelling and analysis of a nine-phase induction motor with third harmonic current injection 9

Modelling and analysis of a nine-phase induction motor with ...

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9th International Conference on Power Electronics - ECCE Asia, ICPE 2015-ECCE Asia

作者： Bastos, R.R. Valle, R.M. Nau, S.L. Filho, B. J. Cardoso Graduate Program in Electrical Engineering Federal University of Minas Gerais Av. Antnio Carlos 6627 Belo Horizonte MG Brazil Mechanical Engineering Department UFMG Belo Horizonte Brazil WEG Motors Dept of Research and Product Development Jaraguá do Sul Brazil Electrical Engineering Department UFMG Belo Horizonte Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9788957082546

Using electric motors with a number of phases greater than three may present some advantages over conventional three phase machines in the following applications: high power levels, electric vehicles and applications that require high levels of reliability. Multiphase machines, meaning designs comprising more than three phases, also allows an increase in torque density from the injection of harmonic currents. It is shown in this paper a comprehensive approach for the derivation of equivalent circuits for steady state operation for both fundamental and third harmonic frequencies for a nine-phase motor with concentrated windings and full pitch. Besides that, simulation of the dynamic model of the machine is done to obtain the expected torque improvement. © 2015 Korean Institute of Power Electronics.

关键词： Induction machine analysis and design multiphase machines third harmonic current injection torque improvement

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Design optimization of multi-link suspension system for total vehicle handling and stability 7th

Design optimization of multi-link suspension system for tota...

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7th AIAA/USAF/NASA/ISSMO Symposium on Multidisciplinary Analysis and Optimization, 1998

作者： Fujita, Kikuo Akagi, Shinsuke Hirokawa, Noriyasu Hirata, Takanori Dept. Of Computer-Controlled Mechanical Systems Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University SuitaOsaka565-0871 Japan Product Development Center Mazda Motor Corp Fuchu-cho Aki-gun Hiroshima730-8670 Japan

This paper discusses the design problem of vehicles using multi-link suspension system with the aim of totally optimizing vehicle handling and stability. Since this problem includes many evaluation items, and multi-link suspension system has interconnected behavior, the optimization is so complicated. An efficient and computable model is indispensable for compromising the total optimization. This paper investigates a hierarchical structure of objectives, introduces appropriate simulation models for respective items, and formulates a mathematical optimization model based on them. Further, we apply a genetic algorithm based optimization method to this problem. The genetic algorithm is based on Simple GA and introduces several extensions such as fitness function for constrained multi-objective optimization problems, similarity-based selection, direct crossover within side constraints, etc. The result of optimization calculation shows the validity of the optimization model and the optimization algorithm as mathematical computation based design methods. © 1998 The American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics Inc. All rights reserved.

关键词： Genetic algorithms

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Guanandi ( Calophyllum brasiliense ) seed vegetable oil: Characterization, in vitro safety, and feasibility of use as a pharmaceutical bioinput

Next Research

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Next Research 2025年第1期2卷

作者： Gabriel Mendes da Cunha Nayhara Madeira Guimarães Rodrigo de Almeida Romagna Ramon Campos Vieira Larissa Kéllen Ferreira Marcelo Ferreira Golvim Filho Juliana Aparecida Severi Ricardo Machado Kuster Eduardo Frizzera Meira Rodrigo Rezende Kitagawa Cristiane dos Santos Giuberti Janaina Cecilia Oliveira Vilanova Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences Center of Health Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES) 29047-105 Vitória ES Brazil Graduate Program in Veterinary Sciences Center for Agricultural Sciences and Engineering Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES) 29500-000 Alegre ES Brazil Pharmaceutical Product Development Laboratory Center of Exact Natural and Health Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES) 29500-000 Alegre ES Brazil Department of Pharmacy and Nutrition Center of Exact Natural and Health Sciences Federal University of Espírito Santo (UFES) 29500-000 Alegre ES Brazil

Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess (guanandi) is a native species with significant economic potential for reforestation and the wood industry, as well as a promising source of pharmaceutical bioinputs, aligning with the United Nations' 2030 Agenda for Sustainable development. This study evaluated the feasibility of utilizing the vegetable oil obtained from guanandi seeds (OVSG) as a pharmaceutical ingredient. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis identified palmitic, oleic, linoleic, and stearic acids in the OVSG, which together represent 95 % of the lipid fraction of the bioinput. Biological in vitro assays using L929 fibroblasts demonstrated non-cytotoxicity (CI 50 > 200 µg/mL), stimulation of cell proliferation, and healing activity at low concentrations (12.5 - 25 µg/mL). The anionic base cream, prepared by the conventional method and containing 10 % w/w of OVSG, in the absence of synthetic emollients, showed adequate preliminary physical stability and the required texture profile for topical use. The wound healing activity of this formulation was compared with that of a cream with the same formulation, but without OVSG and containing 5 % w/w of allantoin, demonstrating an equivalent effect. This study is unprecedented and demonstrates that OVSG is a viable bioinput for applications as an emollient, positioning the species as a sustainable source of non-wood forest resources for pharmaceutical applications.

关键词： Non-wood forest resource Emulsions Vegetable oil Natural emollient

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