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The role of high-entropy materials and d-band center adjustments in supercapacitor development

Journal of Energy Storage 2025年 131卷

作者： Mohd Zahid Ansari Sajid Ali Ansari Nazish Parveen Mir Waqas Alam Soo-Hyun Kim Chemical Engineering Program Texas A&M University at Qatar P.O. Box 23874 Doha Qatar Department of Physics College of Science King Faisal University P.O. Box 400 Hofuf Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia Department of Chemistry College of Science King Faisal University P.O. Box 380 Hofuf Al-Ahsa 31982 Saudi Arabia Graduate School of Semiconductor Materials and Devices Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulju-gun Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea Department of Materials Science and Engineering Ulsan National Institute of Science & Technology (UNIST) 50 UNIST-gil Ulju-gun Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea

This review aims to explore methods to improve electric double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) to overcome their energy density limitations and maximize their inherent benefits. Biochar-based materials, known for their large active surface areas, can significantly enhance charge storage by increasing the accessible electrode surface. Advancements in collector design, focusing on high conductivity, low resistance, and strong electrode bonding, significantly improve EDLC performance. The choice of electrolyte composition is crucial as it directly influences ion mobility and adsorption properties, affecting energy density and reducing degradation over time. Adjusting the d-band and Fermi level, along with incorporating high-entropy materials, can enhance the intrinsic properties of electrode materials for improved conductivity and electrochemical stability. Biochar materials with high specific capacitance are being researched for their electrochemical performance. Doping materials on biochar surfaces can enhance stability and capacitance, while introducing heteroatoms and functional groups can enhance pseudo-capacitance capability in EDLC. Future research should focus on improving cycle stability of biomass-derived carbon-based supercapacitors. The strategies aim to enhance the energy storage capacity of EDLCs while maintaining their superior power density, cycle life, and stability, making them suitable for high-demand applications.

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Corrections to "iPhantom: A Framework for Automated Creation of Individualized Computational Phantoms and its Application to CT Organ Dosimetry"

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IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics 2022年第1期26卷 478页

作者： Wanyi Fu Shobhit Sharma Ehsan Abadi Alexandros-Stavros Iliopoulos Qi Wang Joseph Y Lo Xiaobai Sun William P Segars Ehsan Samei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Physics and Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University Durham NC USA Department of Computer Science Duke University Durham NC USA Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge MA USA Department of Radiology the Fourth Clinical Hospital of Hebei Medical University Heibei China Departments of Electrical and Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering Medical Physics Graduate Program and Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories Duke University Durham NC USA Medical Physics Graduate Program and Radiology and the Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories Departments of Biomedical Engineering Duke University Durham NC USA Carl E. Ravin Advanced Imaging Laboratories Medical Physics Graduate Program Department of Radiology Electrical and Computer Engineering Biomedical Engineering and Physics Duke University Durham NC USA

In [1], the dose estimation accuracy using the alternative baseline method under modulated tube current was not correctly calculated due to an unintentional simulation error.

关键词： Phantoms Image segmentation Computed tomography Image registration

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Advanced phase-change materials for enhanced meta-displays

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Hemmatyar, Omid Abdollahramezani, Sajjad Lepeshov, Sergey Krasnok, Alex Brown, Tyler Alù, Andrea Adibi, Ali School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 778 Atlantic Drive NW AtlantaGA30332-0250 United States ITMO University St. Petersburg197101 Russia Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States

Structural colors generated due to light scattering from static all-dielectric metasurfaces have successfully enabled high-resolution, high-saturation and wide-gamut color printing applications. Despite recent advances, most demonstrations of these structure-dependent colors lack post-fabrication tunability that hinders their applicability for front-end dynamic display technologies. Phase-change materials (PCMs), with significant contrast of their optical properties between their amorphous and crystalline states, have demonstrated promising potentials in reconfigurable nanophotonics. Herein, we leverage a tunable all-dielectric reflective metasurface made of a newly emerged class of low-loss optical PCMs with superb characteristics, i.e., antimony trisulphide (Sb2S3), antimony triselenide (Sb2Se3), and binary germanium-doped selenide (GeSe3), to realize switchable, high-saturation, high-efficiency and high-resolution structural colors. Having polarization sensitive building blocks, the presented metasurface can generate two different colors when illuminated by two orthogonally polarized incident beams. Such degrees of freedom (i.e., structural state and polarization) enable a single reconfigurable metasurface with fixed geometrical parameters to generate four distinct wide-gamut colors suitable for a wide range of applications, including tunable full-color printing and displays, information encryption, and anti-counterfeiting. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Phase change materials

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Performance evaluation of the high-voltage CMOS active pixel sensor AstroPix for gamma-ray space telescopes

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Suda, Yusuke Caputo, Regina Steinhebel, Amanda L. Striebig, Nicolas Jadhav, Manoj Fukazawa, Yasushi Hashizume, Masaki Kierans, Carolyn Leys, Richard Metcalfe, Jessica Negro, Michela Perić, Ivan Perkins, Jeremy S. Shin, Taylor Tajima, Hiroyasu Violette, Daniel Nakano, Norito Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University 1-3-1 Kagamiyama Higashihiroshima Hiroshima739-8526 Japan NASA Goddard Space Flight Center 8800 Greenbelt Rd GreenbeltMDMD 20771 United States 8800 Greenbelt Rd GreenbeltMDMD 20771 United States ASIC and Detector Laboratory Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 Karlsruhe Baden-WürttembergD-76344 Germany Argonne National Laboratory 9700 S. Cass Avenue LemontILIL 60439 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Louisiana State University 202 Nicholson Hall Baton RougeLALA 70803 United States University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCACA 95064 United States Institute for Space–Earth Environmental Research Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Aichi Nagoya464-8601 Japan Kobayashi-Maskawa Institute for the Origin of Particles and the Universe Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Aichi Nagoya464-8602 Japan

AstroPix is a novel monolithic high-voltage CMOS active pixel sensor proposed for next generation medium-energy gamma-ray observatories like the All-sky Medium Energy Gamma-ray Observatory eXplorer (AMEGO-X). For AMEGO-X AstroPix must maintain a power consumption of less than 1.5 mW/cm2 while having a pixel pitch of up to 500 µm. We developed the second and third versions of AstroPix, namely AstroPix2 and AstroPix3. AstroPix2 and AstroPix3 exhibit power consumptions of 3.4 mW/cm2 and 4.1 mW/cm2, respectively. While AstroPix2 has a pixel pitch of 250 µm, AstroPix3 achieves the desired size for AMEGO-X with a pixel pitch of 500 µm. Performance evaluation of a single pixel in an AstroPix2 chip revealed a dynamic range from 13.9 keV to 59.5 keV, with the energy resolution meeting the AMEGO-X target value (60Co source. The chip was fully operational after irradiation although a decrease in gain by approximately 4% was observed. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： CMOS integrated circuits

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New type of half-metallic fully compensated ferrimagnet

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Semboshi, S. Umetsu, Rie Y. Kawahito, Y. Akai, H. Institute for Materials Research Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Sendai980-8577 Japan Center for Spintronics Research Network Tohoku University 2-1-1 Katahira Sendai980-8577 Japan Center for Science and Innovation in Spintronics 2-1-1 Katahira Sendai980-8577 Japan Advanced Science-Technology Research Program Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology 2-15 Natsushima Yokosuka Kanagawa237-0061 Japan Department of Applied Physics Graduate School of Engineering Osaka University 2-1 Yamadaoka Suita Osaka565-0871 Japan The Institute for Solid State Physics The University of Tokyo 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha Chiba Kashiwa277-8581 Japan

Half-metallic fully compensated ferrimagnets (HM-FCFMs), a special class of half-metals exhibiting zero magnetization at absolute zero, are promising candidates for next-generation spintronics applications. For over 25 years, theoretical studies have been conducted to realize HM-FCFM materials for practical applications. Herein, we experimentally demonstrate a NiAs-type hexagonal-structured (CrFe)S compound that could serve as an HM-FCFM material. It has a half-metallic nature, with 100% spin-polarized Fermi surfaces and zero magnetization. Further, the magnetization shows a linear behavior as a function of the magnetic field below the compensation temperature of around 200 K, with high magnetic coercivity of 38 kOe at 300 K. These magnetic features are expected to contribute to a quantum leap in the application of HM-FCFM layers in spintronics devices. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ferrimagnetism

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Medaq api traditional ethnoscience study: Identification of chemical concept from indigenous knowledge of the Lombok people

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AIP Conference Proceedings 2022年第1期2638卷

作者： Yayuk Andayani Aliefman Hakim Aris Doyan Anak Agung Ayu Trisna Handayani 1Graduate Program of Science Education Program University of Mataram Indonesia Jl. Majapahit No. 62 Mataram Nusa Tenggara Barat 83125 Indonesia 2Chemistry Education FKIP University of Mataram Lombok West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia 3Physics Education FKIP University of Mataram Lombok West Nusa Tenggara Indonesia

The Medaq api tradition of the Lombok people, which is currently almost forgotten, has the value of local wisdom and is rich in sources of indigenous knowledge. The integration of this indigenous knowledge into chemistry learning activities has not been widely reported. One of the reasons is the difficulty of teachers in identifying chemical concepts from the community’s indigenous knowledge. Therefore, this study aims to identify chemical concepts derived from indigenous knowledge in the medaq api tradition of the Lombok people. Descriptive research on indigenous knowledge of the medaq api tradition was carried out in the North Lombok area. Interview, observation, and documentation techniques were used for data collection and then analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the chemical concepts identified in the medaq api tradition include chemical reactions, thermochemistry, organic compounds, solution, and colloids. The results of this study will contribute to the development of school chemistry teaching materials and as an effort to preserve the medaq api tradition of the Lombok community.

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Multifunctional Resonant Wavefront-Shaping Meta-Optics Based on Multilayer and Multi-Perturbation Nonlocal Metasurfaces

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Malek, Stephanie C. Overvig, Adam C. Alù, Andrea Yu, Nanfang Department of Applied Physics and Applied Mathematics Columbia University New YorkNY10027 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States

Photonic devices rarely provide both elaborate spatial control and sharp spectral control over an incoming wavefront. In optical metasurfaces, for example, the localized modes of individual meta-units govern the wavefront shape over a broad bandwidth, while nonlocal lattice modes extended over many unit cells support high quality-factor resonances. Here, we experimentally demonstrate nonlocal dielectric metasurfaces in the near-infrared that offer both spatial and spectral control of light, realizing metalenses focusing light exclusively over a narrowband resonance while leaving off-resonant frequencies unaffected. Our devices attain this functionality by supporting a quasi-bound state in the continuum encoded with a spatially varying geometric phase. We leverage this capability to experimentally realize a versatile platform for multispectral wavefront shaping where a stack of metasurfaces, each supporting multiple independently controlled quasi-bound states in the continuum, molds the optical wavefront distinctively at multiple wavelengths and yet stay transparent over the rest of the spectrum. Such a platform is scalable to the visible for applications in augmented reality and transparent displays. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Wavefronts

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Shot noise in a strange metal

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Chen, Liyang Lowder, Dale T. Bakali, Emine Andrews, Aaron Maxwell Schrenk, Werner Waas, Monika Svagera, Robert Eguchi, Gaku Prochaska, Lukas Wang, Yiming Setty, Chandan Sur, Shouvik Si, Qimiao Paschen, Silke Natelson, Douglas Applied Physics Graduate Program Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice Center for Quantum Materials Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States Institute of Solid State Physics TU Wien Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10 Vienna1040 Austria Institute of Solid State Electronics TU Wien Gußhausstraße 25-25a Gebäude CH Vienna1040 Austria Center for Micro and Nanostructures TU Wien Gußhausstraße 25-25a Gebäude CH Vienna1040 Austria Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University 6100 Main St. HoustonTX77005 United States

Strange-metal behavior has been observed in materials ranging from high-temperature superconductors to heavy fermion metals. In conventional metals, current is carried by quasiparticles;although it has been suggested that quasiparticles are absent in strange metals, direct experimental evidence is lacking. We measured shot noise to probe the granularity of the current-carrying excitations in nanowires of the heavy fermion strange metal YbRh2Si2. When compared with conventional metals, shot noise in these nanowires is strongly suppressed. This suppression cannot be attributed to either electron-phonon or electron-electron interactions in a Fermi liquid, which suggests that the current is not carried by well-defined quasiparticles in the strange-metal regime that we probed. Our work sets the stage for similar studies of other strange metals. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Nanowires

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Gamma-ray Bursts as Distance Indicators by a Statistical Learning Approach

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Dainotti, Maria Giovanna Narendra, Aditya Pollo, Agnieszka Petrosian, Vahé Bogdan, Malgorzata Iwasaki, Kazunari Prochaska, Jason Xavier Rinaldi, Enrico Zhou, David National Astronomical Observatory of Japan Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan The Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI Kanagawa240-0193 Japan Space Science Institute BoulderCO80301 United States Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland Astronomical Observatory of Jagiellonian University Krakow Poland Warsaw Poland Department of Physics Stanford University 382 Via Pueblo Mall StanfordCA94305-4060 United States Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology Stanford University United States Department of Applied Physics Stanford University United States Department of Mathematics University of Wroclaw 50-384 Poland Department of Statistics Lund University LundSE-221 00 Sweden Center for Computational Astrophysics National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2 Chome-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan University of California Santa Cruz 1156 High Street Santa CruzCA95064 United States Program RIKEN Wakoshi Saitama351-0198 Japan Arizona State University 1151 S Forest Ave TempeAZ85281 United States

Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) can be probes of the early universe, but currently, only 26% of GRBs observed by the Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory GRBs have known redshifts (z) due to observational limitations. To address this, we estimated the GRB redshift (distance) via a supervised statistical learning model that uses optical afterglow observed by Swift and ground-based telescopes. The inferred redshifts are strongly correlated (a Pearson coefficient of 0.93) with the observed redshifts, thus proving the reliability of this method. The inferred and observed redshifts allow us to estimate the number of GRBs occurring at a given redshift (GRB rate) to be 8.47-9yr−1Gpc−1 for 1.9 © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Controlled tempering of lipid concentration and microbubble shrinkage as a possible mechanism for fine-tuning microbubble size and shell properties

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Zalloum, Intesar O. Sojahrood, Amin Jafari Paknahad, Ali A. Kolios, Michael C. Tsai, Scott S.H. Karshafian, Raffi Department of Physics Toronto Metropolitan University TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University 350 Victoria Street TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada A Partnership Between Toronto Metropolitan University St. Michael's Hospital 209 Victoria Street TorontoONM5B 1T8 Canada Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science Unity Health Toronto 209 Victoria Street TorontoONM5B 1W8 Canada Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Toronto Metropolitan University 350 Victoria Street TorontoONM5B 2K3 Canada

The acoustic response of microbubbles (MBs) depends on their resonance frequency, which is dependent on MB size and shell properties. Monodisperse MBs with tunable shell properties are thus desirable for optimizing and controlling MB behavior in acoustics applications. By utilizing a novel microfluidic method that uses lipid concentration to control MB shrinkage, we generate monodisperse MBs of four different initial diameters at three lipid concentrations (5.6, 10.0, and 16.0 mg/mL) in the aqueous phase. Following shrinkage, we measure MB resonance frequency and determine its shell stiffness and viscosity. The study demonstrates that we can generate monodisperse MBs of specific sizes and tunable shell properties by controlling MB initial diameter and aqueous phase lipid concentration. Our results indicate that the resonance frequency increases by 180-210% with increasing lipid concentration (from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL) while bubble diameter is kept constant. Additionally, we find that the resonance frequency decreases by 260-300% with increasing MB final diameter (from 5 to 12 μm), while lipid concentration is held constant. For example, our results depict that the resonance frequency increases by ~195% with increasing lipid concentration from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL, for ~11 μm final diameter MBs. Additionally, we find that the resonance frequency decreases by ~275% with increasing MB final diameter from 5 to 12 μm, when we use a lipid concentration of 5.6 mg/mL. We also determine that MB shell viscosity and stiffness increase with increasing lipid concentration and MB final diameter, and the level of change depends on the degree of shrinkage experienced by MB. Specifically, we find that by increasing the concentration of lipids from 5.6 to 16.0 mg/mL, the shell stiffness and viscosity of ~11 μm final diameter MBs increase by ~400% and ~200 %, respectively. This study demonstrates the feasibility of fine-tuning the MB acoustic response to ultrasound by tailoring MB initial

关键词： Shrinkage

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