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arXiv 2021年

作者： Greene, Olivia A. Anderson, Miguel R. Marinelli, Mariarosa Holley-Bockelmann, Kelly Campbell, Lauren E.P. Liu, Charles T. Department of Physics & Astronomy Vanderbilt University PMB 401807 2301 Vanderbilt Place NashvilleTN37206 United States Department of Software Engineering Bloomberg LP 731 Lexington Avenue New YorkNY10022 United States Department of Planetarium Education Science Museum of Virginia 2500 West Broad Street RichmondVA23220 United States Department of Life & Physical Sciences Fisk University 1000 17th Avenue North NashvilleTN37208 United States Department of Physics & Astronomy City University of New York College of Staten Island 2800 Victory Blvd Staten IslandNY10314 United States Department of Astrophysics & Hayden Planetarium American Museum of Natural History Central Park West at 79th Street New YorkNY10024-5192 United States Physics Program The Graduate Center CUNY New YorkNY10016 United States

Post-starburst galaxies are crucial to disentangling the effect of star formation and quenching on galaxy demographics. They comprise, however, a heterogeneous population of objects, described in numerous ways. To obtain a well-defined and uncontaminated sample, we take advantage of spatially-resolved spectroscopy to construct an unambiguous sample of E+A galaxies - post-starburst systems with no observed ongoing star formation. Using data from the Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory (MaNGA) Survey, in the fourth generation of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS-IV), we have identified 30 E+A galaxies that lie within the green valley of color–stellar mass space. We first identified E+A candidates by their central, single-fiber spectra and (u-r) color from SDSS DR15, and then further required each galaxy to exhibit E+A properties throughout the entirety of the system to 3 effective radii. We describe our selection criteria in detail, note common pitfalls in E+A identification, and introduce the basic characteristics of the sample. We will use this E+A sample, which has been assembled with stringent criteria and thus re-establishes a well-defined sub-population within the broader category of post-starburst galaxies, to study the evolution of galaxies and their stellar populations in the time just after star formation within them is fully quenched. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Galaxies

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Reconfigurable Hyperbolic Polaritonics with Correlated Oxide Metasurfaces

Research Square

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Research Square 2021年

作者： Aghamiri, Neda Alsadat Hu, Guangwei Fali, Alireza Zhang, Zhen Li, Jiahan Balendhran, Sivacarendran Walia, Sumeet Sriram, Sharath Edgar, James H. Ramanathan, Shriram Alù, Andrea Abate, Yohannes Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Georgia AthensGA30602 United States Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Kent Ridge Singapore117583 Singapore School of Materials Engineering Purdue University West LafayetteIN47907 United States Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering Kansas State University ManhattanKN 66506 United States School of Physics University of Melbourne ParkvilleVIC3010 Australia School of Engineering RMIT University MelbourneVIC Australia Functional Materials and Microsystems Research Group Micro Nano Research Facility RMIT University MelbourneVIC Australia ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems RMIT University MelbourneVIC Australia Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States

Polaritons enable subwavelength confinement and highly anisotropic flows of light over a wide spectral range, holding the promise for applications in modern nanophotonic and optoelectronic devices. However, to fully realize their practical application potential, facile methods enabling nanoscale active control of polaritons are needed. Here, we introduce a hybrid polaritonic-oxide heterostructure platform consisting of van der Waals crystals, such as hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) or alpha-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3), transferred on nanoscale oxygen vacancy patterns on the surface of prototypical correlated perovskite oxide SmNiO3 (SNO). Using a combination of scanning probe microscopy and infrared nanoimaging techniques, we demonstrate nanoscale real-time reconfigurability of complex hyperbolic phonon polaritons patterned at the nanoscale with unmatched resolution. Hydrogenation and temperature modulation allow spatially localized conductivity modulation of SNO nanoscale patterns, enabling robust real-time modulation and nanoscale reconfiguration of hyperbolic polaritons. Our work paves the way towards nanoscale programmable metasurface engineering as a new paradigm for reconfigurable nanophotonic applications facilitated by a hybrid material platform exploiting extreme light-matter interactions in polaritonic systems. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Polariton

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Tunneling spectroscopy of c-axis epitaxial cuprate junctions

arXiv

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arXiv 2020年

作者： Zhou, Panpan Chen, Liyang Sochnikov, Ilya Wu, Tsz Chun Foster, Matthew S. Bollinger, Anthony T. He, Xi Božović, Ivan Natelson, Douglas Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of Connecticut StorrsCT06269 United States Brookhaven National Laboratory UptonNY11973-5000 United States Department of Chemistry Yale University New HavenCT06520 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Atomically precise epitaxial structures are unique systems for tunneling spectroscopy that minimize extrinsic effects of disorder. We present a systematic tunneling spectroscopy study, over a broad doping, temperature, and bias range, in epitaxial c-axis La2−xSrxCuO4/La2CuO4/La2−xSrxCuO4 heterostructures. The behavior of these superconductor/insulator/superconductor (SIS) devices is unusual. Down to 20 mK there is complete suppression of c-axis Josephson critical current with a barrier of only 2 nm of La2CuO4, and the zero-bias conductance remains at 20-30% of the normal-state conductance, implying a substantial population of in-gap states. Tunneling spectra show greatly suppressed coherence peaks. As the temperature is raised, the superconducting gap fills in rather than closing at Tc. For all doping levels, the spectra show an inelastic tunneling feature at ∼ 80 meV, suppressed as T exceeds Tc. These nominally simple epitaxial cuprate junctions deviate markedly from expectations based on the standard Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Copper compounds

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Characterization of K2-167 b and CALM, a new stellar activity mitigation method

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： de Beurs, Zoë L. Vanderburg, Andrew Thygesen, Erica Rodriguez, Joseph E. Dumusque, Xavier Mortier, Annelies Malavolta, Luca Buchhave, Lars A. Shallue, Christopher J. Zieba, Sebastian Kreidberg, Laura Livingston, John H. Haywood, R.D. Latham, David W. López-Morales, Mercedes Silva, André M. Department of Earth Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States NSF Graduate Research Fellow MIT Presidential Fellow United States Department of Physics Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Center for Data Intensive and Time Domain Astronomy Department of Physics and Astronomy Michigan State University East LansingMI48824 United States Observatoire de Genève Université de Genève 51 chemin des Maillettes Versoix1290 Switzerland School of Physics & Astronomy University of Birmingham Edgbaston BirminghamB15 2TT United Kingdom Dipartimento di Fisica e Astronomia "Galileo Galilei" Universitá di Padova Vicolo del l’Osservatorio 3 PadovaI-35122 Italy INAF Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova Vicolo dell’Osservatorio 5 Padova35122 Italy DTU Space National Space Institute Technical University of Denmark Elektrovej 328 Kgs. LyngbyDK-2800 Denmark Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian 60 Garden St CambridgeMA02138 United States Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Leiden Observatory Leiden University Niels Bohrweg 2 Leiden2333CA Netherlands Astrobiology Center 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astronomical Science Program Graduate University for Advanced Studies SOKENDAI 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Astrophysics Group University of Exeter ExeterEX4 2QL United Kingdom STFC Ernest Rutherford Fellow United Kingdom Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia Faculdade de Ciencias Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre Porto4169-007 Portugal Instituto de Astrofisica e Ciencias do Espaco Universidade do Porto CAUP Rua das Estrelas Porto4150-762 Portugal Quad Fellow

We report precise radial velocity (RV) observations of HD 212657 (= K2-167), a star shown by K2 to host a transiting sub-Neptune-sized planet in a 10 day orbit. Using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) photometry, we refined the planet parameters, especially the orbital period. We collected 74 precise RVs with the HARPS-N spectrograph between August 2015 and October 2016. Although this planet was first found to transit in 2015 and validated in 2018, excess RV scatter originally limited mass measurements. Here, we measure a mass by taking advantage of reductions in scatter from updates to the HARPS-N Data Reduction System (2.3.5) and our new activity mitigation method called CCF Activity Linear Model (CALM), which uses activity-induced line shape changes in the spectra without requiring timing information. Using the CALM framework, we performed a joint fit with RVs and transits using EXOFASTv2 and find Mp = 6.3+1.4−1.4 M◦ and Rp = 2.33+0.17−0.15 R◦, which places K2-167 b at the upper edge of the radius valley. We also find hints of a secondary companion at a ∼ 22 day period, but confirmation requires additional RVs. Although characterizing lower-mass planets like K2-167 b is often impeded by stellar variability, these systems especially help probe the formation physics (i.e. photoevaporation, core-powered mass loss) of the radius valley. In the future, CALM or similar techniques could be widely applied to FGK-type stars, help characterize a population of exoplanets surrounding the radius valley, and further our understanding of their formation. © 2024, CC BY.

关键词： Stars

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Multiwavelength monitoring of the gravitationally lensed blazar QSO B0218+357 between 2016 and 2020 37

Multiwavelength monitoring of the gravitationally lensed bla...

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37th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2021

作者： de Palma, F. D'Ammando, F. Barnacka, A. Hada, K. Sahu, D.K. Lähteenmäki, A. Acciari, V.A. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Arbet Engels, A. Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babić, A. Baquero, A. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batković, I. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bellizzi, L. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bhattacharyya, W. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bökenkamp, H. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Busetto, G. Carosi, R. Ceribella, G. Cerruti, M. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cikota, S. Colak, S.M. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D'Amico, G. D'Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Do Souto Espiñeira, E. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Fallah Ramazani, V. Fattorini, A. Fonseca, M.V. Font, L. Fruck, C. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinović, N. Green, J.G. Green, D. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hoang, J. Hrupec, D. Hütten, M. Inada, T. Ishio, K. Iwamura, Y. Jiménez Martínez, I. Jormanainen, J. Jouvin, L. Karjalainen, M. Kerszberg, D. Kobayashi, Y. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Lamastra, A. Lelas, D. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Linhoff, L. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B. Maggio, C. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Mallamaci, M. Maneva, G. Manganaro, M. Mannheim, K. Maraschi, L. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Mićanović, S. Miceli, D. Miener, T. Miranda, J.M. Mirzoyan, R. Molina, E. Moralejo, A. Morcuende, D. Moreno, V. Moretti, E. Nakamori, T. Nava, L. Neustroev, V. Nigro, C. Nilsson, K. Nishijima, K. Noda, K. Nozaki, S. Ohtani, Y. Oka, T. Otero-Santos, J. Paiano, S. Palatiello, M. Paneque, D. Paoletti, R. Paredes, J.M. Pavletić, L. Peñil, P. Persic, M. Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "E. De Giorgi" Università del Salento Lecce Italy Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare Sezione di Lecce LecceI-73100 Italy INAF-IRA Bologna BolognaI-40129 Italy Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory CambridgeMA02138 United States Astronomical Observatory Jagiellonian University ul. Orla 171 Cracow30-244 Poland Mizusawa VLBI Observatory National Astronomical Observatory of Japan 2-12 Hoshigaoka Mizusawa Iwate Oshu023-0861 Japan 2-21-1 Osawa Mitaka Tokyo181-8588 Japan Indian Institute of Astrophysics Bangalore560034 India Aalto University Metsähovi Radio Observatory Metsähovintie 114 Kylmälä02540 Finland Aalto University Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering P.O. BOX 15500 AALTOFI-00076 Finland Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy RomeI-00136 Italy ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland E-08193 Spain The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Zagreb10000 Croatia IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Università di Siena INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Max-Planck-Institut für Physik MünchenD-80805 Germany Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Armenian MAGIC Group A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan0036 Armenia Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezi

QSO B0218+357 is currently the only gravitationally lensed source from which very-high-energy (VHE, &100GeV) gamma-ray emission has been detected. We report the multiwavelength monitoring observations of this source performed between 2016 and 2020 in radio interferometry, optical, X-ray and gamma-ray bands. During the monitoring individual flares and hints of enhanced states in optical, X-ray and GeV bands have been observed, and the simultaneous data taken by the MAGIC telescopes allow us to search for the VHE gamma-ray emission associated with these events. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)

关键词： Germanium compounds

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Enhanced meta-displays using advanced phase-change materials

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Hemmatyar, Omid Abdollahramezani, Sajjad Zeimpekis, Ioannis Lepeshov, Sergey Krasnok, Alex Khan, Asir Intisar Neilson, Kathryn M. Teichrib, Christian Brown, Tyler Pop, Eric Hewak, Daniel W. Wuttig, Matthias Alù, Andrea Muskens, Otto L. Adibi, Ali School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Georgia Institute of Technology 778 Atlantic Drive NW AtlantaGA30332-0250 United States Zepler Institute Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom ITMO University St. Petersburg197101 Russia Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Electrical Engineering Department of Materials Science and Engineering Precourt Institute for Energy Stanford University StanfordCA94305 United States Physikalisches Institut IA RWTH Aachen Sommerfeldstrasse 14 Aachen52074 Germany Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Physics and Astronomy Faculty of Engineering and Physical Sciences University of Southampton SouthamptonSO17 1BJ United Kingdom

Structural colors generated due to light scattering from static all-dielectric metasurfaces have successfully enabled high-resolution, high-saturation, and wide-gamut color printing applications. Despite recent advances, most demonstrations of these structure-dependent colors lack post-fabrication tunability. This hinders their applicability for front-end dynamic display technologies. Phase-change materials (PCMs), with significant contrast of their optical properties between their amorphous and crystalline states, have demonstrated promising potentials in reconfigurable nanophotonics. Herein, we leverage tunable all-dielectric reflective metasurfaces made of newly emerged classes of low-loss optical PCMs, i.e., antimony trisulphide (Sb2S3) and antimony triselenide (Sb2Se3), with superb characteristics to realize switchable, high-saturation, high-efficiency and high-resolution dynamic meta-pixels. Exploiting polarization-sensitive building blocks, the presented meta-pixel can generate two different colors when illuminated by either one of two orthogonally polarized incident beams. Such degrees of freedom (i.e., material phase and polarization state) enable a single reconfigurable metasurface with fixed geometrical parameters to generate four distinct wide-gamut colors. We experimentally demonstrate, for the first time, an electrically-driven micro-scale display through the integration of phase-change metasurfaces with an on-chip heater formed by transparent conductive oxide. Our experimental findings enable a versatile platform suitable for a wide range of applications, including tunable full-color printing, enhanced dynamic displays, information encryption, and anti-counterfeiting. © 2021, CC BY.

关键词： Light scattering

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Supernova model discrimination with Hyper-Kamiokande

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2021年

作者： Abe, K. Adrich, P. Aihara, H. Akutsu, R. Alekseev, I. Ali, A. Ameli, F. Anghel, I. Anthony, L.H.V. Antonova, M. Araya, A. Asaoka, Y. Ashida, Y. Aushev, V. Ballester, F. Bandac, I. Barbi, M. Barker, G.J. Barr, G. Batkiewicz-Kwasniak, M. Bellato, M. Berardi, V. Bergevin, M. Bernard, L. Bernardini, E. Berns, L. Bhadra, S. Bian, J. Blanchet, A. Blaszczyk, F.D.M. Blondel, A. Boiano, A. Bolognesi, S. Bonavera, L. Booth, N. Borjabad, S. Boschi, T. Bose, D. Boyd, S.B. Bozza, C. Bravar, A. Bravo-Berguño, D. Bronner, C. Brown, L. Bubak, A. Buchowicz, A. Avanzini, M. Buizza Cafagna, F.S. Calabria, N.F. Calvo-Mozota, J.M. Cao, S. Cartwright, S.L. Carroll, A. Catanesi, M.G. Cebriàn, S. Chabera, M. Chakraborty, S. Checchia, C. Choi, J.H. Choubey, S. Cicerchia, M. Coleman, J. Collazuol, G. Cook, L. Cowan, G. Cuen-Rochin, S. Danilov, M. Lopez, G. Daz de la Fuente, E. de Perio, P. de Rosa, G. Dealtry, T. Densham, C.J. Dergacheva, A. Deshmukh, N. Devi, M.M. Di Lodovico, F. Di Meo, P. Di Palma, I. Doyle, T.A. Drakopoulou, E. Drapier, O. Dumarchez, J. Dunne, P. Dziewiecki, M. Eklund, L. El Hedri, S. Ellis, J. Emery, S. Esmaili, A. Esteve, R. Evangelisti, A. Feely, M. Fedotov, S. Feng, J. Fernandez, P. Fernández-Martinez, E. Ferrario, P. Ferrazzi, B. Feusels, T. Finch, A. Finley, C. Fiorentini, A. Fiorillo, G. Fitton, M. Frankiewicz, K. Friend, M. Fujii, Y. Fukuda, Y. Galinski, G. Gao, J. Garde, C. Garfagnini, A. Garode, S. Gialanella, L. Giganti, C. Gomez-Cadenas, J.J. Gonin, M. González-Nuevo, J. Gorin, A. Gornea, R. Gousy-Leblanc, V. Gramegna, F. Grassi, M. Grella, G. Guigue, M. Gumplinger, P. Hadley, D.R. Harada, M. Hartfiel, B. Hartz, M. Hassani, S. Hastings, N.C. Hayato, Y. Hernando-Morata, J.A. Herrero, V. Hill, J. Hiraide, K. Hirota, S. Holin, A. Horiuchi, S. Hoshina, K. Hultqvist, K. Iacob, F. Ichikawa, A.K. Ibnsalih, W. Idrissi Iijima, T. Ikeda, M. Inomoto, M. Inoue, K. Insler, J. Ioannisian, A. Ishida, T. Ishidoshiro, K. AGH University of Science and Technology Faculty of Computer Science Electronics and Telecommunications Krakow Poland Boston University Department of Physics BostonMA United States University of British Columbia Department of Physics and Astronomy VancouverBC Canada British Columbia Institute of Technology Physics Department BurnabyBC Canada Università della Campania L. Vanvitelli INFN Sezione di Napoli Napoli Italy Carleton University Department of Physics OttawaON Canada University of California Davis Department of Physics DavisCA United States University of California Irvine Department of Physics and Astronomy IrvineCA United States California State University Department of Physics CarsonCA United States Charles University IPNP FMF Prague Czech Republic Chonnam National University Department of Physics Gwangju Korea Republic of Dongshin University Laboratory for High Energy Physics Naju Korea Republic of Donostia International Physics Center Ikerbasque Foundation Basque Country Spain Ecole Polytechnique IN2P3-CNRS Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet Palaiseau France University of Edinburgh School of Physics and Astronomy Edinburgh United Kingdom ETH Zurich Institute for Particle and Astroparticle Physics Zurich Switzerland University of Geneva Section de Physique DPNC Geneva Switzerland GIST College Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju Korea Republic of University of Glasgow School of Physics and Astronomy Glasgow United Kingdom Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEI Departamento de Fisica Jal Guadalajara Mexico Universidad de Guadalajara CUCEA IT.Ph.D. program Jal Guadalajara Mexico H. Niewodniczá nski Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN Cracow Poland University of Hawaii Department of Physics and Astronomy HonoluluHI United States Imperial College London Department of Physics London United Kingdom Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati Guwahati India Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Department of Physics Raj

Core-collapse supernovae are among the most magnificent events in the observable universe. They produce many of the chemical elements necessary for life to exist and their remnants-neutron stars and black holes-are interesting astrophysical objects in their own right. However, despite millennia of observations and almost a century of astrophysical study, the explosion mechanism of core-collapse supernovae is not yet well understood. Hyper-Kamiokande is a next-generation neutrino detector that will be able to observe the neutrino flux from the next galactic core-collapse supernova in unprecedented detail. We focus on the first 500 ms of the neutrino burst, corresponding to the accretion phase, and use a newly-developed, high-precision supernova event generator to simulate Hyper-Kamiokande's response to five different supernova models. We show that Hyper-Kamiokande will be able to distinguish between these models with high accuracy for a supernova at a distance of up to 100 kpc. Once the next galactic supernova happens, this ability will be a powerful tool for guiding simulations towards a precise reproduction of the explosion mechanism observed in nature. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Supernovae

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Insights from the first flaring activity of a high-synchrotron-peaked blazar with X-ray polarization and VHE gamma rays

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Abe, K. S., Abe J., Abhir A., Abhishek V.A., Acciari A., Aguasca-Cabot I., Agudo T., Aniello S., Ansoldi L.A., Antonelli A.A., Engels C., Arcaro K., Asano A., Babić U.B., de Almeida J.A., Barrio L., Barrios-Jiménez I., Batković J., Baxter J.B., González W., Bednarek E., Bernardini J., Bernete A., Berti J., Besenrieder C., Bigongiari A., Biland O., Blanch G., Bonnoli Ž., Bošnjak E., Bronzini I., Burelli A., Campoy-Ordaz A., Carosi R., Carosi M., Carretero-Castrillo A.J., Castro-Tirado D., Cerasole G., Ceribella Y., Chai A., Chilingarian A., Cifuentes E., Colombo J.L., Contreras J., Cortina S., Covino F., D’Ammando G., D’Amico P., Da Vela F., Dazzi A., De Angelis B., De Lotto R., de Menezes M., Delfino J., Delgado C.D., Mendez F., Di Pierro R., Di Tria L., Di Venere A., Dinesh D.D., Prester A., Donini D., Dorner M., Doro L., Eisenberger D., Elsaesser J., Escudero L., Fariña L., Foffano L., Font S., Fröse Y., Fukazawa R.J.G., López M., Garczarczyk S., Gasparyan M., Gaug J.G.G., Paiva N., Giglietto F., Giordano P., Gliwny N., Godinović T., Gradetzke R., Grau D., Green J.G., Green P., Günther D., Hadasch A., Hahn T., Hassan L., Heckmann J.H., Llorente D., Hrupec R., Imazawa D., Israyelyan T., Itokawa I.J., Martínez J.J., Quiles J., Jormanainen S., Kankkunen T., Kayanoki D., Kerszberg M., Khachatryan G.W., Kluge Y., Kobayashi J., Konrad P.M., Kouch H., Kubo J., Kushida M., Láinez A., Lamastra E., Lindfors S., Lombardi F., Longo R., López-Coto M., López-Moya A., López-Oramas S., Loporchio A., Lorini E., Lyard P., Majumdar M., Makariev G., Maneva M., Manganaro S., Mangano K., Mannheim M., Mariotti M., Martínez P., Maruševec A., Mas-Aguilar D., Mazin S., Menchiari S., Mender D., Miceli J.M., Miranda R., Mirzoyan M.M., González E., Molina H.A., Mondal A., Moralejo T., Nakamori C., Nanci V., Neustroev L., Nickel M.N., Rosillo C., Nigro L., Nikolic K., Nilsson K., Nishijima T.N., Ekoume Japanese MAGIC Group Department of Physics Tokai University Kanagawa Hiratsuka259-1292 Japan The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Università di Siena INFN Pisa SienaI-53100 Italy Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Universitat de Barcelona ICCUB IEEC-UB BarcelonaE-08028 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain RomeI-00136 Italy Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik GarchingD-85748 Germany Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Zagreb10000 Croatia URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Poland Centro de Investigaciones Energéticas Medioambientales y Tecnológicas MadridE-28040 Spain Departament de Física CERES-IEEC Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona BellaterraE-08193 Spain Università di Pisa INFN Pisa PisaI-56126 Italy INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica dell’Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy Armenian MAGIC Group A. Alikhanyan National Science Laboratory Yerevan0036 Armenia Department for Physics and Technology University of Bergen Norway INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Torino Università degli Studi di Torino TorinoI-10125 Italy Croatian MAGIC Group University of Rijeka Faculty of Physics Rijeka51000 Croatia Universität Würzburg WürzburgD-97074 Germany Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Japanese MAGIC Group Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan ZeuthenD-15738 Germany Armenian MAGIC Gr

Context. Blazars exhibit strong variability across the entire electromagnetic spectrum, including periods of high-flux states commonly dubbed as flares. The physical mechanisms in blazar jets responsible for flares remain to date poorly understood. Aims. We aim to better understand the emission mechanisms during blazar flares using X-ray polarimetry and broadband observations from the archetypical TeV blazar Mrk 421, which can be studied with higher accuracy than other blazars that are dimmer and/or located farther away. Methods. We study a flaring activity from December 2023 that was characterized from radio to very-high-energy (VHE;E > 0.1 TeV) gamma rays with MAGIC, Fermi-LAT, Swift, XMM-Newton and several optical and radio telescopes. These observations included, for the first time for a gamma-ray flare of a blazar, simultaneous X-ray polarization measurements with IXPE, besides optical and radio polarimetry data. We quantify the variability and correlations among the multi-band flux and polarization measurements, and describe the varying broadband emission within a theoretical scenario constrained by the polarization data. Results. We find substantial variability in both X-rays and VHE gamma rays throughout the campaign, with the highest VHE flux above 0.2 TeV occurring during the IXPE observing window, and exceeding twice the flux of the Crab Nebula. However, the VHE and X-ray spectra are on average softer, and the correlation between these two bands weaker that those reported in previous flares of Mrk 421. IXPE reveals an X-ray polarization degree significantly higher than that at radio and optical frequencies, similar to previous results on Mrk 421 and other high-synchrotron-peaked blazars. Differently to past observations, the X-ray polarization angle varies by ∼100◦ on timescales of days, and the polarization degree changes by more than a factor 4. The highest X-ray polarization degree, analyzed in 12 hrs time intervals, reaches 26 ± 2%, around which an X-

关键词： Gamma rays

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Nanoscale probing of image-potential states and electron transfer doping in borophene polymorphs

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2020年

作者： Liu, Xiaolong Wang, Luqing Yakobson, Boris I. Hersam, Mark C. Applied Physics Graduate Program Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Chemistry Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Chemistry Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Northwestern University EvanstonIL60208 United States

Using field-emission resonance spectroscopy with an ultrahigh vacuum scanning tunneling microscope, we reveal Stark-shifted image-potential states of the v1/6 and v1/5 borophene polymorphs on Ag(111) with long lifetimes, suggesting high borophene lattice and interface quality. These image-potential states allow the local work function and interfacial charge transfer of borophene to be probed at the nanoscale and test the widely employed self-doping model of borophene. Supported by apparent barrier height measurements and density functional theory calculations, electron transfer doping occurs for both borophene phases from the Ag(111) substrate. In contradiction with the self-doping model, a higher electron transfer doping level occurs for denser v1/6 borophene compared to v1/5 borophene, thus revealing the importance of substrate effects on borophene electron transfer. Copyright © 2020, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Electron transitions

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Field-angle-resolved landscape of non-Fermi-liquid behavior in the quasi-kagome Kondo lattice cerhsn

arXiv

引用

arXiv 2019年

作者： Kittaka, Shunichiro Kono, Yohei Tsuda, Suguru Takabatake, Toshiro Sakakibara, Toshiro Department of Physics Faculty of Science and Engineering Chuo University Kasuga Bunkyo-ku Tokyo112-8551 Japan Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo Kashiwa Chiba277-8581 Japan Quantum Matter Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima739-8530 Japan

We have employed a magnetic field angle as a tuning parameter in a comprehensive measurement of the specific heat, magnetocaloric effect, and magnetization for the quasi-kagome Kondo lattice CeRhSn, which is considered to exhibit zero-field quantum criticality driven by geometrical frustration. By constructing the field-angle-resolved landscape of the entropy, we unexpectedly revealed that the non-Fermi-liquid nature survives up to a metamagnetic crossover field of roughly 3 T in the very narrow field-orientation range, close to the direction parallel to the quasi-kagome plane. We propose that spin fluctuations along the hexagonal c axis are the dominant driving force for the non-Fermi-liquid behavior because it is strongly suppressed by a magnetic-field component along the c axis. The multidimensional entropy landscape, which directly reflects the degeneracy of ground states, opens a new route for uncovering the nature of exotic phases in anisotropic systems. Copyright © 2019, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Entropy

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