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arXiv 2024年

作者： Guo, Qiangbing Wu, Yun-Kun Zhang, Di Zhang, Qiuhong Guo, Guang-Can Alù, Andrea Ren, Xi-Feng Qiu, Cheng-Wei Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore Centre for Advanced 2D Materials Graphene Research Centre National University of Singapore Singapore Singapore CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information CAS Synergetic Innovation Center of Quantum Information & Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Hefei China Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York United States Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York United States The Key Laboratory of Weak-Light Nonlinear Photonics Ministry of Education School of Physics TEDA Applied Physics Institute Nankai University Tianjin China School of Chemistry and Materials Science Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Hangzhou China

Polarization entanglement holds significant importance for photonic quantum technologies. Recently emerging subwavelength nonlinear quantum light sources, e.g., GaP and LiNbO3 thin films, benefiting from the relaxed phase-matching constraints and volume confinement, has shown intriguing properties, such as high-dimensional hyperentanglement and robust entanglement anti-degradation. Van der Waals (vdW) NbOCl2 crystal, renowned for its superior optical nonlinearities, has emerged as one of ideal candidates for ultrathin quantum light sources [Nature 613, 53 (2023)]. However, polarization-entanglement is inaccessible in NbOCl2 crystal due to its unfavorable nonlinear susceptibility tensor. Here, by leveraging the twist-stacking degree of freedom inherently in vdW systems, we showcase the preparation of tunable polarization entanglement and quantum Bell states. Our work not only provides a new and tunable polarization-entangled vdW photon-pair source, but also introduces a new knob in engineering the entanglement state of quantum light at the nanoscale. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Accelerating Radiochemistry Development: Automated Robotic Platform for Performing Up to 64 Droplet Radiochemical Reactions in a Morning

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Jones, Jason Do, Viviann Lu, Yingqing van Dam, R. Michael Los AngelesCA United States Physics and Biology in Medicine Interdepartmental Graduate Program UCLA United States Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology David Geffen School of Medicine UCLA United States Department of Biochemistry UCLA United States Department of Bioengineering Henry Samueli School of Engineering and Applied Science UCLA United States

The growing discovery and development of novel radiopharmaceuticals and radiolabeling methods requires an increasing capacity for radiochemistry experiments. However, such studies typically rely on radiosynthesizers designed for clinical batch production rather than research, greatly limiting throughput. Two general solutions are being pursued to address this: developing new synthesis optimization algorithms to minimize how many experiments are needed, and developing apparatus with enhanced experiment throughput. We describe here a novel high-throughput system based on performing arrays of droplet-based reactions at 10 μL volume scale in parallel. The automatic robotic platform can perform a set of 64 experiments in ~3 h (from isotope loading to crude product, plus sampling onto TLC plates), plus ~1 h for off-line radio-TLC analysis and radioactivity measurements, rather than the weeks or months that would be needed using a conventional system. We show the high repeatability and low crosstalk of the platform and demonstrate optimization studies for two 18F-labeled tracers. This novel automated platform greatly increases the practicality of performing arrays of droplet reactions by eliminating human error, vastly reducing tedium and fatigue, minimizing radiation exposure, and freeing up radiochemist time for more intellectually valuable pursuits. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Drops

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Polar Self-Organization of Ferroelectric Nematic-Liquid-Crystal Molecules on Atomically Flat Au(111) Surface

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Physical Review Letters 2024年第9期132卷 098101-098101页

作者： Alexandr A. Marchenko Oleksiy L. Kapitanchuk Yaroslava Yu. Lopatina Kostiantyn G. Nazarenko Anton I. Senenko Nathalie Katsonis Vassili G. Nazarenko Oleg D. Lavrentovich Institute of Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 46 Nauki Avenue Kyiv 03028 Ukraine Stratingh Institute for Chemistry University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747AG Groningen The Netherlands Bogolyubov Institute for Theoretical Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 14-B Metrologichna Street Kyiv 03143 Ukraine Institute of Organic Chemistry of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine 5 Academician Kukhar St. Kyiv 02660 Ukraine Ukraine Enamine Ltd. 78 Winston Churchill St. Kyiv 02094 Ukraine Institute of Physical Chemistry PAS Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute Department of Physics Materials Science Graduate Program Kent State University Kent Ohio 44242 USA

Understanding nanoscale mechanisms responsible for the recently discovered ferroelectric nematics can be helped by direct visualization of self-assembly of strongly polar molecules. Here, we report on scanning tunneling microscopy studies of monomolecular layers of a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal on a reconstructed Au(111) surface. The monolayers are obtained by deposition from a solution at ambient conditions. The adsorbed ferroelectric nematic molecules self-assemble into regular rows with tilted orientation, resembling a layered structure of a smectic C. Remarkably, each molecular dipole in this architecture is oriented along the same direction giving rise to polar ferroelectric ordering.

关键词： Self-assembly Surface & interfacial phenomena Ferroelectrics Liquid crystals

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Mass Deformations of Brane Brick Models

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Franco, Sebastián Ghim, Dongwook Goulas, Georgios P. Seong, Rak-Kyeong Physics Department The City College of the CUNY 160 Convent Avenue New YorkNY10031 United States Physics Program United States Initiative for the Theoretical Sciences The Graduate School University Center The City University of New York 365 Fifth Avenue New YorkNY10016 United States Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Sakyo-ku Kyoto606-8502 Japan Department of Mathematical Sciences Department of Physics Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology 50 UNIST-gil Ulsan44919 Korea Republic of

We investigate a class of mass deformations that connect pairs of 2d (0, 2) gauge theories associated to different toric Calabi-Yau 4-folds. These deformations are generalizations to 2d of the well-known Klebanov-Witten deformation relating the 4d gauge theories for the C2/Z2 × C orbifold and the conifold. We investigate various aspects of these deformations, including their connection to brane brick models and the relation between the change in the geometry and the pattern of symmetry breaking triggered by the deformation. We also explore how the volume of the Sasaki-Einstein 7-manifold at the base of the Calabi-Yau 4-fold varies under deformation, which leads us to conjecture that it quantifies the number of degrees of freedom of the gauge theory and its dependence on the RG scale. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Brick

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Spontaneous spin chirality reversal and competing phases in the topological magnet EuAl4

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Vibhakar, A.M. Khalyavin, D.D. Orlandi, F. Moya, J.M. Lei, S. Morosan, E. Bombardi, A. Diamond Light Source Ltd Harwell Science and Innovation Campus Didcot OxfordshireOX11 0DE United Kingdom ISIS facility Rutherford Appleton Laboratory-STFC Chilton DidcotOX11 0QX United Kingdom Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Hong Kong

We demonstrate the spontaneous reversal of spin chirality in a single crystal sample of the inter-metallic magnet EuAl4. We solve the nanoscopic nature of each of the four magnetically phases of EuAl4 using resonant magnetic x-ray scattering, and demonstrate all four phases order with single-k incommensurate magnetic modulation vectors. Below 15.4 K the system forms a spin density modulated spin structure where the spins are orientated in the ab plane perpendicular to the orientation of the magnetic propagation vector. Below 13.2 K a second spin density wave orders with moments aligned parallel to the c-axis, such that the two spin density wave orders coexist. Below 12.2 K a magnetic helix of a single chirality is stabilised across the entire sample. Below 10 K the chirality of the magnetic helix reverses, and the sample remains a single chiral domain. Concomitant with the establishment of the helical magnetic ordering is the lowering of the crystal symmetry to monoclinic, as evidenced the formation of uniaxial charge and spin strip domains. A group theoretical analysis demonstrates that below 12.2 K the symmetry lowers to polar monoclinic, which is necessary to explain the observed asymmetry in the chiral states of the magnetic helix and the spin chiral reversal. We find that in every magnetically ordered phase of EuAl4 the in-plane moment is perpendicular to the orientation of the magnetic propagation vector, which we demonstrate is favoured by magnetic dipolar interactions. Copyright © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Aluminum alloys

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Nonreciprocal pulse shaping and chaotic modulation with asymmetric noninstantaneous nonlinear resonators

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Physical Review A 2021年第5期104卷 053529-053529页

作者： A. Hofstrand M. Cotrufo A. Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York NY 10016 USA

Electromagnetic nonlinearity, combined with symmetry breaking, can be exploited to obtain highly nonreciprocal light transmission. In previous studies on nonreciprocity, it has been generally assumed that the material's nonlinearity responds instantaneously to the applied field. Here, we consider a noninstantaneous nonlinear response and study its influence on nonreciprocity. We show that the inclusion of such delayed effects can lead to highly nontrivial nonreciprocal dynamics, which are forbidden in the instantaneous regime. Particularly, when the characteristic delay time of the nonlinearity approaches the input pulse's duration, high-contrast nonreciprocal compression and reshaping of the pulse can be achieved. In the high-power regime, we show that it is possible to generate a nonreciprocal response in a single resonator, which, for instance, is chaotic when sourced along one direction and periodically modulated when sourced from the opposing direction. Indeed, by tuning the nonlinearity's memory time we can flexibly control the system's response, enabling a wide range of nonreciprocal functionalities in compact, passive, and bias-free devices.

关键词： Nonlinear optics Photonics

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Gapless symmetry-protected topological phase of quantum antiferromagnets on anisotropic triangular strip

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Hidaka, Yuichiro Furuya, Shunsuke C. Ueda, Atsushi Tada, Yasuhiro Institute for Solid State Physics University of Tokyo Kashiwa277-8581 Japan Department of Physics Ibaraki University Ibaraki Mito310-8512 Japan Department of Basic Science University of Tokyo Tokyo Meguro153-8902 Japan Quantum Matter Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashihiroshima739-8530 Japan

We study a three-leg spin-1/2 ladder with geometrically frustrated interleg interactions. We call this model an anisotropic triangular-strip (ATS) model. We numerically and field-theoretically show that its ground state belongs to a gapless symmetry-protected topological (SPT) phase. The numerical approach is based on density-matrix renormalization group analyses of the entanglement entropy and the entanglement spectrum. Whereas the entanglement entropy exhibits a critical behavior, the entanglement spectrum is nontrivially degenerate. These entanglement properties imply that the ground state is a gapless topological phase. We investigate the ATS model using a quantum field theory to support the numerical findings. When the frustrated interchain interaction is deemed a perturbation acting on the three spin chains, the frustrated interchain interaction almost isolates the second chain from the other two chains. However, at the same time, the second chain mediates a ferromagnetic interaction between the first and third chains. Therefore, the ground state of the ATS model is a gapless Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid weakly coupled to a spin-1 Haldane chain with irrelevant interactions. Last but not least, we show that the gapless SPT phase of the ATS model is a symmetry-protected critical phase. We point out that the symmetry protection of criticality is essential in characterization of the gapless SPT phase. Copyright © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Ground state

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Observation of Colossal Terahertz Magnetoresistance and Magnetocapacitance in a Perovskite Manganite

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tay, Fuyang Chaudhary, Swati He, Jiaming Peraca, Nicolas Marquez Baydin, Andrey Fiete, Gregory A. Zhou, Jianshi Kono, Junichiro Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics Northeastern University BostonMA02115 United States Department of Physics Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Materials Science and Engineering Program Mechanical Engineering University of Texas at Austin AustinTX78712 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

We have studied the terahertz response of a bulk single crystal of La0.875Sr0.125MnO3at around its Curie temperature, observing large changes in the real and imaginary parts of the optical conductivity as a function of magnetic field. The terahertz resistance and capacitance extracted from the optical conductivity rapidly increased with increasing magnetic field and did not show any sign of saturation up to 6 T, reaching 60% and 15%, respectively, at 180 K. The observed terahertz colossal magnetoresistance and magnetocapacitance effects can be qualitatively explained by using a two-component model that assumes the coexistence of two phases with vastly different conductivities. These results demonstrate the potential use of perovskite manganites for developing efficient terahertz devices based on magnetic modulations of the amplitude and phase of terahertz waves. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical conductivity

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Director–layer dynamics in the antiferroelectric smectic-ZA phase of a ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Ghimire, Arjun Basnet, Bijaya Wang, Hao Guragain, Parikshit Baldwin, Alan Twieg, Robert Lavrentovich, Oleg D. Gleeson, James Jakli, Antal Sprunt, Samuel Department of Physics Kent State University KentOH44242 United States Materials Science Graduate Program and Advanced Materials Liquid Crystal Institute Kent State University KentOH44242 United States Advanced Materials and Liquid Crystal Institute Kent State University KentOH44242 United States Department of Chemistry Kent State University KentOH44242 United States

A dynamic light scattering study of director-layer fluctuations in the antiferroelectric smectic-ZA phase of the ferroelectric nematic liquid crystal DIO is reported. The dynamics are consistent with the distinctive feature of the ZA phase that the smectic layers form parallel to the axis of molecular orientational order (director). A model is developed to describe quantitatively the dispersion of the fluctuation relaxation rates. The model is based on a specialization of the elastic free energy density of the smectic-C phase to the case of 90◦ director tilt, a"first-order" approximation of the viscous stresses by their form for an incompressible uniaxial fluid, and a treatment of the effect of chevron layer structure that develops in planar sample cells due to temperature-dependent layer shrinkage, as documented in previous studies on DIO. From the modeling, the layer compression elastic constant is estimated to be ∼ 100 times lower in the smectic-ZA phase than in an ordinary smectic-A liquid crystal. Possible effects of the antiferroelectric layer polarization on the director splay elasticity and viscosity are described. The temperature dependencies of the splay, twist, and bend elastic constants and associated viscosities in the higher temperature nematic phase are also presented. © 2025, CC BY.

关键词： Viscosity

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Ferroelectric transistors based on shear-transformation-mediated rhombohedral-stacked molybdenum disulfide

引用

Nature Electronics 2024年第1期7卷 29-38页

作者： Yang, Tilo H. Liang, Bor-Wei Hu, Hsiang-Chi Chen, Fu-Xiang Ho, Sheng-Zhu Chang, Wen-Hao Yang, Liu Lo, Han-Chieh Kuo, Tzu-Hao Chen, Jyun-Hong Lin, Po-Yen Simbulan, Kristan Bryan Luo, Zhao-Feng Chang, Alice Chinghsuan Kuo, Yi-Hao Ku, Yu-Seng Chen, Yi-Cheng Huang, You-Jia Chang, Yu-Chen Chiang, Yu-Fan Lu, Ting-Hua Lee, Min-Hung Li, Kai-Shin Wu, Menghao Chen, Yi-Chun Lin, Chun-Liang Lan, Yann-Wen Department of Physics National Taiwan Normal University Taipei Taiwan Taiwan Semiconductor Research Institute National Applied Research Laboratories Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Electrophysics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics National Cheng Kung University Tainan Taiwan School of Physics Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology Academia Sinica Taipei Taiwan Department of Mathematics and Physics University of Santo Tomas Manila Philippines Program for Semiconductor Devices Materials and Hetero-integration Graduate School of Advanced Technology National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Hsinchu Taiwan Department of Physics National Taiwan University Taipei Taiwan Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA United States

To develop low-power, non-volatile computing-in-memory device using ferroelectric transistor technologies, ferroelectric channel materials with scaled thicknesses are required. Two-dimensional semiconductors, such as molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), equipped with sliding ferroelectricity could provide an answer. However, achieving switchable electric polarization in epitaxial MoS2 remains challenging due to the absence of mobile domain boundaries. Here we show that polarity-switchable epitaxial rhombohedral-stacked (3R) MoS2 can be used as a ferroelectric channel in ferroelectric memory transistors. We show that a shear transformation can spontaneously occur in 3R MoS2 epilayers, producing heterostructures with stable ferroelectric domains embedded in a highly dislocated and unstable non-ferroelectric matrix. This diffusionless phase transformation process produces mobile screw dislocations that enable collective polarity control of 3R MoS2 via an electric field. Polarization–electric-field measurements reveal a switching field of 0.036 V nm−1 for shear-transformed 3R MoS2. Our sliding ferroelectric transistors are non-volatile memory units with thicknesses of only two atomic layers and exhibit an average memory window of 7 V with an applied voltage of 10 V, retention times greater than 104 seconds and endurance greater than 104 cycles. © 2023, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.

关键词： Molybdenum disulfide

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