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arXiv 2023年

作者： Dirnberger, Florian Quan, Jiamin Bushati, Rezlind Diederich, Geoffrey Florian, Matthias Klein, Julian Mosina, Kseniia Sofer, Zdenek Xu, Xiaodong Kamra, Akashdeep García-Vidal, Francisco J. Alù, Andrea Menon, Vinod M. Department of Physics City College of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Physics The Graduate Center City University of New York New YorkNY10016 United States Photonics Initiative CUNY Advanced Science Research Center New YorkNY10031 United States Department of Electrical Engineering City College of the City University of New York New YorkNY10031 United States Intelligence Community Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Physics Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Washington SeattleWA United States Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Physics University of Michigan Ann ArborMI48109 United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology CambridgeMA02139 United States Department of Inorganic Chemistry University of Chemistry and Technology Prague Technickaá 5 Prague 6166 28 Czech Republic Universidad Autónoma de Madrid MadridE- 28049 Spain

Controlling quantum materials with light is of fundamental and technological importance. By utilizing the strong coupling of light and matter in optical cavities [1–3], recent studies were able to modify some of their most defining features [4–6]. In this work, we study the magneto-optical properties of a van der Waals magnet that supports strong coupling of photons and excitons even in the absence of external cavity mirrors. In this material – the layered magnetic semiconductor CrSBr – emergent light-matter hybrids called polaritons are shown to significantly increase the spectral bandwidth of correlations between the magnetic, electronic, and optical properties, enabling largely tunable optical responses to applied magnetic fields and magnons. Our results highlight the importance of exciton-photon self-hybridization in van der Waals magnets and motivate novel directions for the manipulation of quantum material properties by strong light-matter coupling. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Van der Waals forces

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Broadband Topological Slow Light through Brillouin Zone Winding

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第12期127卷 123601-123601页

作者： Sander A. Mann Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA

Topological photonic insulators have attracted significant attention for their robust transport of light, impervious to scattering and disorder. This feature is ideally suited for slow light applications, which are typically limited by disorder-induced attenuation. However, no practical approach to broadband topologically protected slow light has been demonstrated yet. In this work, we achieve slow light in topologically unidirectional waveguides based on periodically loading an edge termination with suitably tailored resonances. The resulting edge state dispersion can wind around the Brillouin zone multiple times sustaining broadband, topologically robust slow light, opening exciting opportunities in various photonic scenarios.

关键词： Metamaterials Photonic crystals Topological materials

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Parametric Enhancement of Radiation from Electrically Small Antennas

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Physical Review Applied 2021年第5期15卷 054063-054063页

作者： Ahmed Mekawy Huanan Li Younes Radi Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA

Electrically small antennas are characterized by large quality factors, which yield limited gain-bandwidth products, as a result of the Bode-Fano limit. This bound implies a trade-off between the antenna’s footprint and radiation features, hindering wireless applications that require compact, broadband, and efficient antennas. Here, building on a previous theoretical analysis of parametric matching networks [H. Li, A. Mekawy, and A. Alù, Phys. Rev. Lett. 123, 164102 (2019)], we demonstrate how parametric phenomena can overcome this trade-off, offering a pathway to realize stable non-Foster wideband antennas that go beyond the restrictions of passive systems. We demonstrate our approach in a planar small loop antenna loaded by a time-varying capacitor that oscillates around twice the radiation frequency, showing that it can result in wideband radiation enhancement, exceeding the limitations of passive scenarios.

关键词： Electromagnetism Nanoantennas Optical parametric oscillators & amplifiers Optoelectronics Floquet systems Electromagnetic wave theory

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Gain-Free Parity-Time Symmetry for Evanescent Fields

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Physical Review Letters 2021年第1期127卷 014301-014301页

作者： Huanan Li Ahmed Mekawy Andrea Alù Photonics Initiative Advanced Science Research Center City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Department of Electrical Engineering City College of The City University of New York New York New York 10031 USA Physics Program Graduate Center City University of New York New York New York 10016 USA

Parity-time (PT) symmetry, satisfied when a system commutes under combined parity and time-reversal operations, enables extreme optical responses in non-Hermitian systems with balanced distributions of gain and loss. In this Letter, we propose a different path for PT symmetry utilizing the evanescent field excitation of anti-PT-symmetric structures, which anticommute with the PT operator and do not necessarily require gain. Beyond offering a robust platform to explore PT symmetry, our study showcases an important link between non-Hermitian physics and near-field interactions, with implications in nanophotonics, plasmonics, and acoustics for nanoimaging, sensing, and communications.

关键词： Metamaterials PT-symmetry Electromagnetic wave theory

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Nanoscale visualization and spectral fingerprints of the charge order in ScV6Sn6 distinct from other kagome metals

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Cheng, Siyu Ren, Zheng Li, Hong Oh, Ji Seop Tan, Hengxin Pokharel, Ganesh DeStefano, Jonathan M. Rosenberg, Elliott Guo, Yucheng Zhang, Yichen Yue, Ziqin Lee, Yongbin Gorovikov, Sergey Zonno, Marta Hashimoto, Makoto Lu, Donghui Ke, Liqin Mazzola, Federico Kono, Junichiro Birgeneau, R.J. Chu, Jiun-Haw Wilson, Stephen D. Wang, Ziqiang Yan, Binghai Yi, Ming Zeljkovic, Ilija Department of Physics Boston College Chestnut HillMA02467 United States Department of Physics and Astronomy Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States Department of Physics University of California BerkeleyCA94720 United States Department of Condensed Matter Physics Weizmann Institute of Science Rehovot Israel Materials Department University of California Santa Barbara Santa BarbaraCA93106 United States Department of Physics University of Washington SeattleWA98195 United States Ames Laboratory AmesIA50011 United States Canadian Light Source Inc. 44 Innovation Boulevard SaskatoonSKS7N 2V3 Canada Stanford Synchrotron Radiation Lightsource SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory Menlo ParkCA94025 United States CNR Laboratorio TASC Area Science Park S.S.14 km 163.5 TriesteI-34149 Italy Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems Ca' Foscari University of Venice Venice30172 Italy Materials Science Division Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory BerkeleyCA94720 United States Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley‐Curl Institute Rice University HoustonTX77005 United States

Charge density waves (CDWs) have been tied to a number of unusual phenomena in kagome metals, including rotation symmetry breaking, time‐reversal symmetry breaking and superconductivity. The majority of the experiments in kagome metals thus far have focused on the CDW states in AV3Sb5 (A=K, Cs, Rb) and FeGe, characterized by the 2a0 by 2a0 CDW period in the kagome plane. Recently, a bulk CDW phase (TCDW ≈ 92 K) with an entirely different wave length and orientation has been reported in ScV6Sn6, as the first realization of a CDW state in the broad RM6X6 crystal structure. Here, using a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy and angle‐resolved photoemission spectroscopy, we reveal the microscopic structure and the spectroscopic signatures of this charge ordering phase in ScV6Sn6. Differential conductance dI/dV spectra show a partial gap opening in the density‐of‐states of about 20 meV at the Fermi level. This is much smaller than the spectral gaps observed in AV3Sb5 and FeGe despite the comparable TCDW temperatures in these systems, suggesting substantially weaker coupling strength in ScV6Sn6. Surprisingly, despite the three‐dimensional bulk nature of the charge order, we find that the charge modulation is only observed on the kagome termination. Temperature‐dependent band structure evolution suggests a modulation of the surface states as a consequence of the emergent charge order, with an abrupt spectral weight shift below TCDW consistent with the first‐order phase transition. The similarity of the electronic band structures of ScV6Sn6 and TbV6Sn6 (where the charge ordering is absent), together with the first‐principle calculations, suggests that charge ordering in ScV6Sn6 may not be primarily electronically driven. Interestingly, in sharp contrast to the CDW state of cousin AV3Sb5, we find no evidence supporting rotation symmetry breaking. Our results reveal a distinctive nature of the charge ordering phase in ScV6Sn6 in comparison to other kagome

关键词： Charge density waves

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Multiwavelength study of GRB 201216C using the sub-TeV emission detected by MAGIC 38

Multiwavelength study of GRB 201216C using the sub-TeV emiss...

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38th International Cosmic Ray Conference, ICRC 2023

作者： Fukami, Satoshi Berti, Alessio Loporchio, Serena Nava, Lara Suda, Yusuke Noda, Koji Asano, Katsuaki Bošnjak, Željka Longo, Francesco Jordana-Mitjans, Nuria Melandri, Andrea Mundell, Carole Shrestha, Manisha Steele, Iain Abe, H. Abe, S. Abhir, J. Acciari, V.A. Agudo, I. Aniello, T. Ansoldi, S. Antonelli, L.A. Arbet Engels, A. Arcaro, C. Artero, M. Asano, K. Baack, D. Babić, A. Baquero, A. Barres de Almeida, U. Barrio, J.A. Batković, I. Baxter, J. Becerra González, J. Bednarek, W. Bernardini, E. Bernardos, M. Bernete, J. Berti, A. Besenrieder, J. Bigongiari, C. Biland, A. Blanch, O. Bonnoli, G. Bošnjak, Ž. Burelli, I. Busetto, G. Campoy-Ordaz, A. Carosi, A. Carosi, R. Carretero-Castrillo, M. Castro-Tirado, A.J. Ceribella, G. Chai, Y. Chilingarian, A. Cifuentes, A. Cikota, S. Colombo, E. Contreras, J.L. Cortina, J. Covino, S. D’Amico, G. D’Elia, V. Da Vela, P. Dazzi, F. De Angelis, A. De Lotto, B. Del Popolo, A. Delfino, M. Delgado, J. Delgado Mendez, C. Depaoli, D. Di Pierro, F. Di Venere, L. Dominis Prester, D. Donini, A. Dorner, D. Doro, M. Elsaesser, D. Emery, G. Escudero, J. Fariña, L. Fattorini, A. Foffano, L. Font, L. Fröse, S. Fukami, S. Fukazawa, Y. García López, R.J. Garczarczyk, M. Gasparyan, S. Gaug, M. Giesbrecht Paiva, J.G. Giglietto, N. Giordano, F. Gliwny, P. Godinović, N. Grau, R. Green, D. Green, J.G. Hadasch, D. Hahn, A. Hassan, T. Heckmann, L. Herrera, J. Hrupec, D. Hütten, M. Imazawa, R. Inada, T. Iotov, R. Ishio, K. Jiménez Martínez, I. Jormanainen, J. Kerszberg, D. Kluge, G.W. Kobayashi, Y. Kouch, P.M. Kubo, H. Kushida, J. Láinez Lezáun, M. Lamastra, A. Lelas, D. Leone, F. Lindfors, E. Linhoff, L. Lombardi, S. Longo, F. López-Coto, R. López-Moya, M. López-Oramas, A. Loporchio, S. Lorini, A. Lyard, E. Machado de Oliveira Fraga, B. Majumdar, P. Makariev, M. Maneva, G. Mang, N. Manganaro, M. Mangano, S. Mannheim, K. Mariotti, M. Martínez, M. Martínez-Chicharro, M. Mas-Aguilar, A. Mazin, D. Menchiari, S. Mender, S. Institute for Particle Physics and Astrophysics ETH Zürich Otto-Stern-Weg 5 Zürich8093 Switzerland Institute for Cosmic Ray Research The University of Tokyo Kashiwanoha 5-1-5 Kashiwa Japan Max Planck Institut for Physics Föhringer Ring 6 Munich Germany INFN MAGIC Group INFN Sezione di Bari Dipartimento Interateneo di Fisica Università e del Politecnico di Bari BariI-70125 Italy RomeI-00136 Italy Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing University of Zagreb Zagreb Croatia INFN Sezione di Trieste via Valerio 2 Trieste Italy Department of Physics University of Bath Claverton Down BathBA2 7AY United Kingdom INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Via E. Bianchi 46 LC MerateI-23807 Italy European Space Agency European Space Astronomy Centre Villanueva de la Canñada Madrid28692 Spain Astrophysics Research Institute Liverpool John Moores University Liverpool Science Park IC2 146 Brownlow HillL3 5RF United Kingdom Steward Observatory University of Arizona 933 North Cherry Avenue TucsonAZ85721-0065 United States The University of Tokyo Chiba Kashiwa277-8582 Japan ETH Zürich ZürichCH-8093 Switzerland Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias Dpto. de Astrofísica Universidad de La Laguna Tenerife La LagunaE-38200 Spain Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía-CSIC Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n Granada18008 Spain Università di Udine INFN Trieste UdineI-33100 Italy Max-Planck-Institut für Physik MünchenD-80805 Germany Università di Padova INFN PadovaI-35131 Italy Bellaterra BarcelonaE-08193 Spain Technische Universität Dortmund DortmundD-44221 Germany Zagreb10000 Croatia IPARCOS Institute EMFTEL Department Universidad Complutense de Madrid MadridE-28040 Spain URCA RJ Rio de Janeiro22290-180 Brazil University of Lodz Faculty of Physics and Applied Informatics Department of Astrophysics Lodz90-236 Pola

Recently, several gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been detected in the very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray energy range by ground-based gamma-ray experiments such as MAGIC, H.E.S.S., and LHASSO. For some GRBs, the VHE emission is consistent with synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) emission from high-energy electrons accelerated in the forward shock of the relativistic jet. However, more statistics are needed to further constrain the emission models. GRB 201216C is a long bright GRB detected in a broad energy range from radio to VHE. The redshift is estimated to be 1.1, making the GRB the most distant source detected in the VHE energy range. MAGIC started the observation 56 seconds after the GRB was triggered by the Swift-BAT telescope. We performed a detailed analysis and detected the signal with about 6 sigma in the first 20 minutes. MAGIC continued the observation for 2.2 hours on the same night and 4 hours on the next night. No signal was detected later than 40 minutes after the GRB trigger. We have performed modelling of the multi-wavelength emission using the MAGIC data. We analysed simultaneous optical data from Liverpool Telescope with MAGIC and included the results in the modelling. The sub-TeV emission is consistent with the single-zone SSC model in the forward shock. In this presentation, we show the final results of the MAGIC data analysis of GRB 201216C and discuss the emission mechanism of the multi-wavelength data. © Copyright owned by the author(s) under the terms of the Creative Commons.

关键词： Gamma rays

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Prediction of the Binding Mechanism of a Selective DNA Methyltransferase 3A Inhibitor by Molecular Simulation

SSRN

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SSRN 2023年

作者： Kudo, Genki Hirao, Takumi Harada, Ryuhei Hirokawa, Takatsugu Shigeta, Yasuteru Yoshino, Ryunosuke Physics Department Graduate School of Pure and Applied Sciences University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8571 Japan Master’s Program in Medical Sciences Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8575 Japan Division of Biomedical Science Faculty of Medicine University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8575 Japan Center for Computational Sciences University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8577 Japan Transborder Medical Research Center University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Ibaraki Tsukuba305-8575 Japan Japan

DNA methylation is an epigenetic mechanism that introduces a methyl group at the C5 position of cytosine. This reaction is catalyzed by DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs) and is essential for the regulation of gene transcription. The DNMT1 and DNMT3A or -3B family proteins are known targets for the inhibition of DNA hypermethylation in cancer cells. A selective non-nucleoside DNMT3A inhibitor that mimics S-adenosyl-l-methionine and deoxycytidine has been developed;however, its selectivity mechanism is unclear because the structure of the inhibitor–protein complex has not yet been determined. Therefore, we performed docking and molecular dynamics simulations to predict the structure of the complex formed by the association between DNMT3A and the selective inhibitor. Through our simulations, binding free energy decomposition analysis, structural isoform comparison, and residue scanning revealed that Arg688 of DNMT3A is involved in the interaction with this inhibitor, as seen by its significant contribution to the binding free energy. The presence of Asn1192 at the corresponding residues in DNMT1 results in a loss of affinity for the inhibitor, suggesting that the interactions mediated by Arg688 in DNMT3A are essential for selectivity. Our study findings can be applied in the design of DNMT-selective inhibitors and methylation-specific drug optimization procedures. © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Molecular dynamics

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Hunting axion dark matter signatures in low-frequency terrestrial magnetic fields

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Taruya, Atsushi Nishizawa, Atsushi Himemoto, Yoshiaki Center for Gravitational Physics and Quantum Information Yukawa Institute for Theoretical Physics Kyoto University Kyoto606-8502 Japan Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe Todai Institutes for Advanced Study The University of Tokyo Kavli IPMU WPI Chiba Kashiwa277-8583 Japan Physics Program Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Astrophysical Science Center Hiroshima University Hiroshima Higashi-Hiroshima739-8526 Japan Graduate School of Science The University of Tokyo Tokyo113-0033 Japan Department of Liberal Arts and Basic Sciences College of Industrial Technology Nihon University Chiba Narashino275-8576 Japan

We show that Earth’s natural environment can serve as a powerful probe for ultralight axion dark matter. In the presence of global geomagnetic fields, the axions with masses ranging from 10−15 eV–10−13 eV induce electromagnetic waves in the (sub-) extremely low-frequency band (0.3 − 30 Hz) through the axion-photon coupling. We predict the amplitude of induced magnetic fields in the Earth-ionosphere cavity, taking the finite conductivity of the atmosphere into account. This allows us to constrain the axion-photon coupling parameter, gaγ, from the long-term monitoring data of the low-frequency magnetic fields, resulting in a significant improvement from the previous constraints down to gaγ 4 × 10−13 GeV−1 for axion mass ∼ 3 × 10−14 eV. © 2025, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Geomagnetism

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Looking For Timing Variations in the Transits of 16 Exoplanets

arXiv

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arXiv 2024年

作者： Yalçınkaya, S. Esmer, E.M. Baştürk, Ö. Muhaymin, A. Kutluay, A.C. Silistre, D.I. Akar, F. Southworth, J. Mancini, L. Davoudi, F. Karamanlı, E. Tezcan, F. Demir, E. Yılmaz, D. Güleroglu, E. Tekin, M. Taşkın, I. Aladag, Y. Sertkan, E. Kurt, U.Y. Fişek, S. Kaptan, S. Aliş, S. Aksaker, N. Yelkenci, F.K. Tezcan, C.T. Kaya, A. Oglakkaya, D. Aydın, Z.S. Yeşilyaprak, C. Department of Astronomy & Space Sciences Faculty of Science Ankara University AnkaraTR-06100 Turkey Incek Blvd. Ahlatlıbel AnkaraTR-06837 Turkey Bilkent University Faculty of Science Department of Physics AnkaraTR-06800 Turkey Middle East Technical University Science Faculty Physics Department Ankara Turkey Astrophysics Group Keele University StaffordshireST5 5BG United Kingdom Department of Physics University of Rome "Tor Vergata" Via della Ricerca Scientifica 1 RomaI-00133 Italy INAF Turin Astrophysical Observatory Via Osservatorio 20 Pino TorineseI-10025 Italy Max Planck Institute for Astronomy Königstuhl 17 HeidelbergD-69117 Germany Astrobiology Research Unit Universitè de Liège Allèe du 6 Aôut 19C LiègeB-4000 Belgium Atatürk University Science Faculty Department of Astronomy and Space Sciences Erzurum25240 Turkey University of Çukurova Adana01330 Turkey Department of Astronomy and Space Sciences Faculty of Science Istanbul University Istanbul34119 Turkey Astronomy and Space Sciences Program Institute of Graduate Studies in Sciences Istanbul University Istanbul34116 Turkey Adana Organised Industrial Zones Vocational School of Technical Science University of Çukurova Adana01410 Turkey Yakutiye Erzurum25240 Turkey

We update the ephemerides of 16 transiting exoplanets using our ground-based observations, new TESS data, and previously published observations including those of amateur astronomers. All these light curves were modeled by making use of a set of quantitative criteria with the exofast code to obtain mid-transit times. We searched for statistically significant secular and/or periodic trends in the mid-transit times. We found that the timing data are well modeled by a linear ephemeris for all systems except for XO-2 b, for which we detect an orbital decay with the rate of -12.95 1.85 ms/yr that can be confirmed with future observations. We also detect a hint of potential periodic variations in the TTV data of HAT-P-13 b which also requires confirmation with further precise observations. © 2024, CC BY-NC-ND.

关键词： Orbits

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Modifying BiVO4 as a photocatalyst for water oxidation using constant-duration alkaline-etched post treatments

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New Journal of Chemistry 2023年第2期48卷 569-577页

作者： Hsu, Chuan-Chih Chuang, Kai-Jie Huang, Hsiao-Wen Pan, Bo-Jin Chen, Hung-Ming Husain, Sadang Yougbaré, Sibidou Hsiao, Yu-Cheng Wu, Yung-Fu Lin, Lu-Yin Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery School of Medicine College of Medicine Taipei Medical University Taiwan Division of Cardiovascular Surgery Department of Surgery Taipei Medical University Hospital Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology National Taipei University of Technology Taipei Taiwan Department of Chemical Engineering Ming Chi University of Technology New Taipei City24301 Taiwan Gingen Technology Co. Ltd. Rm. 7 10F. No. 189 Sec. 2 Keelung Rd. Xinyi Dist. Taipei11054 Taiwan Department of Physics Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Lambung Mangkurat University Banjarmasin70124 Indonesia /Nanoro Ouagadougou03 Burkina Faso International PhD Program in Biomedical Engineering College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Stanford Byers Center for Biodesign Stanford University CA94305-5428 United States Graduate Institute of Biomedical Optomechatronics College of Biomedical Engineering Taipei Medical University Taipei11031 Taiwan Cell Physiology and Molecular Image Research Center Wan Fang Hospital Taipei Medical University Taipei11696 Taiwan

BiVO4 with suitable band edges and a small band gap is considered an efficient photocatalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), but short charge-transfer lengths limit its photocatalytic ability. Increasing active sites can essentially enhance oxidation reactions and photocatalytic ability. The alkaline etching technique can refine the surface properties of BiVO4 by introducing oxygen vacancies and possibly establishing a heterojunction, but suitable alkaline etching methods are rarely discussed. In this study, three alkaline etching methods, including hydrothermal, soaking, and electrodeposition processes, are first applied for a constant duration to tailor the surface properties of BiVO4 as a photocatalyst for the OER. Alkaline-etched BiVO4 prepared using hydrothermal and soaking processes shows better photocatalytic abilities due to the generation of additional oxygen vacancies, while poor photocatalytic ability is found for that fabricated using electrodeposition due to the formation of less photocatalytic VO2. The highest photocurrent density of 2.38 mA cm−2 is obtained at 1.23 V versus a reversible hydrogen electrode in an electrolyte without a hole scavenger for the BiVO4 etched in the hydrothermal process, while the untreated BiVO4 presents a photocurrent density of 0.58 mA cm−2. A photocurrent retention of 92.3% is achieved after 5000 seconds of continuous illumination. The study supplies blueprints for establishing effective alkaline etching methods for enhancing the photocatalytic ability of BiVO4, with the exception of time costs. © 2024 The Royal Society of Chemistry.

关键词： Charge transfer

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