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Robust UWB Positioning System Using Switching Tracking Filters With Estimated States-Based Non-Line-of-Sight Classifier

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IEEE Access 2025年 13卷 71101-71119页

作者： Han, Miseon Kim, Jeongtae Powerlogics Smart Sensor Development Team Seongnam13486 Korea Republic of Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory Seoul03760 Korea Republic of

We present a novel UWB-based positioning system that incorporates a deep learning-based non-line-of-sight (NLOS) classifier and a switching tracking filter. Unlike conventional methods, the proposed classifier determines whether a measured distance was obtained under LOS or NLOS conditions by using not only the channel impulse response (CIR) but also the distance measurement and a previously estimated distance sequence. This combination enhances the detection of abrupt changes in distance, thereby improving classification accuracy. Additionally, we propose switching filters that operate using different noise statistics based on the classification result. Specifically, we explore combinations of a particle filter and a robust Kalman filter to mitigate the impact of significant errors in NLOS signals. In experiments, the proposed classifier significantly outperformed conventional classifiers. Furthermore, the switching filter-based methods demonstrated substantial improvements in localization performance compared to traditional approaches. Among the switching filters, the switching particle filter provided the best localization performance, though at the cost of higher computational complexity, whereas the switching robust Kalman filter was the fastest, albeit with slightly lower localization performance. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Ultra-wideband (UWB)

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Reduced-RSS: Reduced Residual Search Space for Nash Bargaining Solutions

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IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology 2025年

作者： Cha, Chaeyeon Park, Hyunggon Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Seoul03760 Korea Republic of

A fair and efficient resource allocation is crucial to maximize the efficiency of vehicular networks with time-varying resources among dynamically changing vehicles. The Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) from the cooperative game theory has been one of the fair and optimal resource management solutions for multiple users. However, the computational complexity required to find the NBS for general utility functions exponentially increases either as the number of users increases or as the resources change over time. This is because the size of bargaining sets where the NBS should be found changes. In this paper, we propose an algorithm to reduce the size of the search spaces by considering the adjacent bargaining sets correlated by resource changes. We use the axiom of independence of linear transformations in NBS for the linear approximation of NBS in the adjacent bargaining sets based on its linear transform, leading to reduced residual search space. Moreover, we prove that the NBS is always included in the reduced residual search space based on the axiom of independence of irrelevant alternatives in NBS. Through simulations and experiments on synthetic and real traffic data, we demonstrate that the complexity of existing algorithms for NBS is lowered with the reduced residual search spaces. © 1967-2012 IEEE.

关键词： concave function Nash Bargaining Solution (NBS) residual search space resource allocation

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SNeRV: Spectra-preserving Neural Representation for Video

arXiv

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arXiv 2025年

作者： Kim, Jina Lee, Jihoo Kang, Je-Won Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

Neural representation for video (NeRV), which employs a neural network to parameterize video signals, introduces a novel methodology in video representations. However, existing NeRV-based methods have difficulty in capturing fine spatial details and motion patterns due to spectral bias, in which a neural network learns high-frequency (HF) components at a slower rate than low-frequency (LF) components. In this paper, we propose spectra-preserving NeRV (SNeRV) as a novel approach to enhance implicit video representations by efficiently handling various frequency components. SNeRV uses 2D discrete wavelet transform (DWT) to decompose video into LF and HF features, preserving spatial structures and directly addressing the spectral bias issue. To balance the compactness, we encode only the LF components, while HF components that include fine textures are generated by a decoder. Specialized modules, including a multi-resolution fusion unit (MFU) and a high-frequency restorer (HFR), are integrated into a backbone to facilitate the representation. Furthermore, we extend SNeRV to effectively capture temporal correlations between adjacent video frames, by casting the extension as additional frequency decomposition to a temporal domain. This approach allows us to embed spatio-temporal LF features into the network, using temporally extended up-sampling blocks (TUBs). Experimental results demonstrate that SNeRV outperforms existing NeRV models in capturing fine details and achieves enhanced reconstruction, making it a promising approach in the field of implicit video representations. The codes are available at https://***/qwertja/SNeRV. Copyright © 2025, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Discrete wavelet transforms

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Predictive Charging Management for Battery Swapping Stations of Electric Scooters in Busan

Predictive Charging Management for Battery Swapping Stations...

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Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE), International Conference on

作者： Jane Chung Xiaomeng Peng Kyoung Yong Park Seon Han Choi Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea Autonomous Manufacturing & Process R&D Department Korea Institute of Industrial Technology Ansan South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331520090

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520106

Electric scooters (ESs) offer a sustainable alternative to urban logistics but face challenges such as limited range and long charging times. Battery swapping station (BSS) addresses these issues by enabling quick battery exchanges, reducing operational downtime and improving efficiency. Unlike conventional BSS, this study specifically focuses on BSSs of ESs, which show different usage behaviors from large electric vehicles and pose distinct operational challenges due to their smaller battery capacities and higher frequency of exchanges. This study proposes a predictive charging management algorithm designed for multiple BSSs of ESs. By predicting hourly demand and dynamically controlling fast and slow charging, the algorithm minimizes unnecessary fast charging, ensuring efficient resource utilization while maintaining battery availability. Simulation using a digital twin model demonstrated the delivery of resource-and cost-efficient battery exchange solutions while satisfying ES riders with predictive charging management algorithm. These findings underscore the algorithm's adaptability to optimize energy consumption and resource allocation, paving the way for its integration into smart city infrastructures.

关键词： smart cities Heuristic algorithms Simulation Motorcycles Prediction algorithms Batteries Fast charging Digital twins Resource management Vehicle dynamics

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An Agent-Based Model of Microgrids with Distributed Renewable Energy Sources

An Agent-Based Model of Microgrids with Distributed Renewabl...

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Power, Energy and Electrical Engineering (CPEEE), International Conference on

作者： Gyu Yeon Kim Danyao Peng Sangyub Lee Seon Han Choi Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Ewha Womans University Seoul South Korea Energy IT Convergence Research Center Korea Electronics Technology Institute Seongnam South Korea

ISBN: (数字)9798331520090

ISBN: (纸本)9798331520106

The high penetration of renewable energy sources poses a challenge to stability of power systems, particularly microgrids, which are more vulnerable due to their small capacity and low inertia. To address instability, system components and their interactions need to be represented to more efficiently understand and optimize complex systems. Agent-based modeling enables autonomous operation and collaborative interaction, making the system adaptable to changes efficiently, making it ideal for microgrid management. In this paper, an agent-based microgrid simulation model is proposed. By independently representing microgrid components such as generators, energy storage systems (ESS), loads, environments and controllers, models can dynamically simulate the behavior of power systems, respond to system changes in real time. To validate the proposed model, experiments are conducted based on IEEE 13 bus system, and the results show that with the use of ESS, the frequency peak is reduced from over 62 Hz to around 60 Hz. In the case of sudden demand fluctuations, the frequency remains relatively stable, staying close to 60 Hz. The model demonstrates flexibility and robustness in managing renewable energy fluctuations and sudden load changes.

关键词： Renewable energy sources Adaptation models Fluctuations Microgrids Power system stability Stability analysis Real-time systems smart grids Thermal stability Load modeling

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Neural Volumetric Video Coding With Hierarchical Coded Representation of Dynamic Volume

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IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2025年

作者： Shin, Ju-Yeon Lee, Jung-Kyung Bang, Gun Kim, Jun-Sik Kang, Je-Won Ewha W. University Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering and Graduate Program in Smart Factory Seoul03760 Korea Republic of Ewha W. University Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Korea Republic of Ofinno United States Media Coding Research Lab. Daejeon34129 Korea Republic of

This paper proposes a novel multi-view (MV) video coding technique that leverages a four-dimensional (4D) voxel-grid representation to enhance coding efficiency, particularly in novel view synthesis. Although the voxel grid approximation provides a continuous representation for dynamic scenes, its volumetric nature requires substantial storage. The compression of MV videos can be interpreted as the compression of dense features. However, the substantial size of these features poses a significant problem relative to the generation of dynamic scenes at arbitrary viewpoints. To address this challenge, this study introduces a hierarchical coded representation of dynamic volumes based on low-rank tensor decomposition of volumetric features and develops effective coding techniques based on this representation. The proposed method employs a two-level coding strategy to capture the temporal characteristics of the decomposed features. At a higher level, spatial features are encoded, representing 3D structural information, with time-invariant components over short intervals of an MV video sequence. At a lower level, temporal features are encoded to capture the dynamics of current scenes. The spatial features are shared in a group, and temporal features are encoded at each time step. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed technique outperforms existing MV video coding standards and current state-of-the-art methods, providing superior rate-distortion performance in the novel view synthesis of MV video compression. © 1999-2012 IEEE.

关键词： Electric distortion

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Learning feature alignment and dual correlation for few‐shot image classification

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2024年第2期9卷 303-318页

作者： Xilang Huang Seon Han Choi Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans UniversitySeoulSouth Korea

Few‐shot image classification is the task of classifying novel classes using extremely limited labelled *** perform classification using the limited samples,one solution is to learn the feature alignment(FA)information between the labelled and unlabelled sample *** FA methods use the feature mean as the class prototype and calculate the correlation between prototype and unlabelled features to learn an alignment ***,mean prototypes tend to degenerate informative features because spatial features at the same position may not be equally important for the final classification,leading to inaccurate correlation ***,the authors propose an effective intraclass FA strategy that aggregates semantically similar spatial features from an adaptive reference prototype in low‐dimensional feature space to obtain an informative prototype feature map for precise correlation ***,a dual correlation module to learn the hard and soft correlations was developed by the *** module combines the correlation information between the prototype and unlabelled features in both the original and learnable feature spaces,aiming to produce a comprehensive cross‐correlation between the prototypes and unlabelled *** both FA and cross‐attention modules,our model can maintain informative class features and capture important shared features for *** results on three few‐shot classification benchmarks show that the proposed method outperformed related methods and resulted in a 3%performance boost in the 1‐shot setting by inserting the proposed module into the related methods.

关键词： image classification machine learning metric learning

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Low-complexity Anomaly Detection Method based on Feature Importance using Shapley Value 14

Low-complexity Anomaly Detection Method based on Feature Imp...

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14th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks, ICUFN 2023

作者： Rheey, Joohong Park, Hyunggon Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory Dept. Electronic and Electrical Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335385

The increasing popularity of Internet of Things (IoT) devices has brought significant security challenges to IoT networks. However, most deep learning-based anomaly detection solutions often require high computation performance so that it is difficult to be implanted on low-end IoT devices with limited power and memory capacity. In this paper, we propose a low-complexity network anomaly detection method based on feature selection using the Shapley value for the Isolation Forest algorithm. The proposed feature selection method using the Shapley value can reduce the dimension of input data, thereby improving the performance with reduced computational complexity. We provide simulation results to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method based on Isolation Forest achieves comparable performance to the deep learning method based on neural networks while using fewer dimensions than the deep learning method. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Anomaly detection

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Service-Based Optimal Group Resource Allocation Strategy 14

Service-Based Optimal Group Resource Allocation Strategy

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14th International Conference on Ubiquitous and Future Networks, ICUFN 2023

作者： Cha, Chaeyeon Park, Hyunggon Ewha Womans University Graduate Program in Smart Factory Dept. Electronic and Electrical Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (纸本)9798350335385

With the increasing development of the Internet of Things (IoT), there is a growing need for efficient resource allocation to the many devices in the IoT system. This need is particularly acute in the case of time-sensitive applications, where fast resource allocation is essential. However, the resource allocation based on the Nash bargaining solution (NBS) necessitates exponentially increasing computational complexity for user dynamic systems. We propose an approach that makes groups based on the requested services and predicts a disagreement point whenever the group size changes, with the aim of reducing the computational complexity to find the NBS. Through simulation results, we demonstrate that our proposed approach outperforms the existing method in terms of execution time to find the NBS, maintaining the optimality in finding NBS. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Internet of things

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An Improved I-V model for Resistive Random Access Memory

An Improved I-V model for Resistive Random Access Memory

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2022 IEEE International Conference on Electrical, Computer, and Energy Technologies, ICECET 2022

作者： Chung, Harry Shin, Hyungsoon Sun, Wookyung Park, Jisun Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Dept. of Electronic and Electrical Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of Seoul National University Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Seoul Korea Republic of Graduate Program in Smart Factory Ewha Womans University Seoul Korea Republic of

ISBN: (数字)9781665470872

ISBN: (纸本)9781665470872

In this paper, we performed a simulation for a physical resistive random-access device (RRAM) to propose an improved model representing its electrical characteristics. Voltage ThrEshold Adaptive Memristor (VTEAM) model that operates based on the voltage threshold of the device adapted for the RRAM simulation. We applied some physical features to the model to adjust the internal state variable to improve the simulation results. The internal state variable used in the model was designed after the physical feature such as the distance between the end of the filament and the electrode of the device. Therefore, applying some of these physical conditions affects the simulation results. Simulation results with the newly applied model showed optimized I-V characteristics that resemble the physical device's behavior more than the existing model. © 2022 IEEE.

关键词： Memristors

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