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arXiv 2023年

作者： Du, Hongyang Li, Zonghang Niyato, Dusit Kang, Jiawen Xiong, Zehui Huang, Huawei Mao, Shiwen The School of Computer Science and Engineering The Energy Research Institute @ NTU Interdisciplinary Graduate Program Nanyang Technological University Singapore The School of Information and Communication Engineering University of Electronic Sciences and Technology of China Chengdu China The School of Automation Guangdong University of Technology China The Pillar of Information Systems Technology and Design Singapore University of Technology and Design Singapore The School of Software Engineering Sun Yat-Sen University Zhuhai China The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Auburn University Auburn United States

As Metaverse emerges as the next-generation Internet paradigm, the ability to efficiently generate content is paramount. AI-Generated Content (AIGC) emerges as a key solution, yet the resource-intensive nature of large Generative AI (GAI) models presents challenges. To address this issue, we introduce an AIGC-as-a-Service (AaaS) architecture, which deploys AIGC models in wireless edge networks to ensure broad AIGC services accessibility for Metaverse users. Nonetheless, an important aspect of providing personalized user experiences requires carefully selecting AIGC Service Providers (ASPs) capable of effectively executing user tasks, which is complicated by environmental uncertainty and variability. Addressing this gap in current research, we introduce the AI-Generated Optimal Decision (AGOD) algorithm, a diffusion model-based approach for generating the optimal ASP selection decisions. Integrating AGOD with Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL), we develop the Deep Diffusion Soft Actor-Critic (D2SAC) algorithm, enhancing the efficiency and effectiveness of ASP selection. Our comprehensive experiments demonstrate that D2SAC outperforms seven leading DRL algorithms. Furthermore, the proposed AGOD algorithm has the potential for extension to various optimization problems in wireless networks, positioning it as a promising approach for future research on AIGC-driven services. The implementation of our proposed method is available at: https://***/Lizonghang/AGOD. © 2023, CC BY.

关键词： Reinforcement learning

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Multiple criteria hierarchy process for sorting problems under uncertainty applied to the evaluation of the operational maturity of research institutions

arXiv

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arXiv 2019年

作者： Pelissari, Renata Abackerli, Alvaro José Amor, Sarah Ben Oliveira, Maria Célia Infante, Kleber Manoel Telfer Management School University of Ottawa Ottawa Canada Post Graduate Program of Industrial Engineering Methodist University of Piracicaba Santa Bárbara d’OesteSP Brazil Shool of Applied Sciences University of Campinas Limeira Brazil Embrapii-Brazilian Association for Industrial Research and Innovation BrasíliaDF Brazil Engineering School Mackenzie Presbyterian University São Paulo Brazil KMI Software Consulting Jundiaí Brazil

Despite the availability of qualified research personnel, up-to-date research facilities and experience in developing applied research and innovation, many worldwide research institutions face difficulties when managing contracted Research and Development (R&D) projects due to expectations from Industry (private sector), particularly regarding the applied development procedures, managerial processes and timing. Such difficulties have motivated funding agents to create evaluation processes to check whether the operational procedures of funded research institutions are sufficient to provide timely answers to demand for innovation from industry and also to identify aspects that require quality improvement in research development. For this purpose, several multiple criteria decision-making approaches can be applied. In this context, the research institutions are considered as alternatives for funding and their processes for research development as decision criteria. Among the available multiple criteria approaches, sorting methods are one prominent tool to evaluate the operational capacity. However, the first difficulty in applying multiple criteria sorting methods is the need to hierarchically structure multiple criteria in order to represent the intended decision process. Additional challenges include the elicitation of the preference information and the definition of criteria evaluation, since these are frequently affected by some imprecision. In most approaches, all these critical points are neglected, or, at best, only partially considered. In this paper, a new sorting method is proposed to deal with all of those critical points simultaneously. To consider multiple levels for the decision criteria, the FlowSort method is extended to account for hierarchical criteria. To deal with imprecise data, the FlowSort is integrated with fuzzy approaches. To yield solutions that consider fluctuations from imprecise weights, the Stochastic Multicriteria Acceptability Analysis

关键词： Decision making

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Augmented Reality Based Brain Tumor 3D Visualization

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Procedia Computer Science 2017年 113卷 400-407页

作者： Qian Shan Thomas E. Doyle Reza Samavi Mona Al-Rei Department of Computing and Software McMaster University 1280 Main St. W Hamilton ON L8S 4L8 Canada Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering School of Biomedical Engineering McMaster University 1280 Main St. W Hamilton ON L8S 4L8 Canada eHealth Graduate Program McMaster University 1280 Main St. W Hamilton ON L8S 4L8 Canada

In this paper we present an augmented reality system for mobile devices that facilitates 3D brain tumor visualization in real time. The system uses facial features to track the subject in the scene. The system performs camera calibration based on the face size of the subject, instead of the common approach of using a number of chessboard images to calibrate the camera every time the application is installed on a new device. Camera 3D pose estimation is performed by finding its position and orientation based on a set of 3D points and their corresponding 2D projections. According to the estimated camera pose, a reconstructed brain tumor model is displayed at the same location as the subject’s real anatomy. The results of our experiment show the system was successful in performing the brain tumor augmentation in real time with a reprojection accuracy of 97%.

关键词： Augmented reality 3D visualization Tumor visualization Markerless tracking Mobile device

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Technical debt and agile software development practices and processes: An industry practitioner survey

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Holvitie, Johannes Licorish, Sherlock A. Spínola, Rodrigo O. Hyrynsalmi, Sami MacDonell, Stephen G. Mendes, Thiago S. Buchan, Jim Leppänen, Ville Turku Centre for Computer Science Software Development Laboratory Turku Finland University of Turku Department of Information Technology Turku Finland University of Otago Department of Information Science Otago Dunedin New Zealand Salvador University Graduate Program in Systems and Computer Bahia Salvador Brazil Federal University of Bahia Fraunhofer Project Center for Software and System Engineering Salvador Brazil Tampere University of Technology Pori Campus Pori Finland Federal Institute of Bahia Information Technology Department Bahia Santo Amaro Brazil Auckland University of Technology School of Engineering Computer and Mathematical Sciences Auckland New Zealand

Context: Contemporary software development is typically conducted in dynamic, resource-scarce environments that are prone to the accumulation of technical debt. While this general phenomenon is acknowledged, what remains unknown is how technical debt specifically manifests in and affects software processes, and how the software development techniques employed accommodate or mitigate the presence of this debt. Objectives: We sought to draw on practitioner insights and experiences in order to classify the effects of agile method use on technical debt management, given the popularity and perceived success of agile methods. We explore the breadth of practitioners' knowledge about technical debt;how technical debt is manifested across the software process;and the perceived effects of common agile software development practices and processes on technical debt. In doing so, we address a research gap in technical debt knowledge and provide novel and actionable managerial recommendations. Method: We designed, tested and executed a multi-national survey questionnaire to address our objectives, receiving 184 responses from practitioners in Brazil, Finland, and New Zealand. Results: Our findings indicate that: 1) Practitioners are aware of technical debt, although, there was under utilization of the concept, 2) Technical debt commonly resides in legacy systems, however, concrete instances of technical debt are hard to conceptualize which makes it problematic to manage, 3) Queried agile practices and processes help to reduce technical debt;in particular, techniques that verify and maintain the structure and clarity of implemented artifacts (e.g., Coding standards and Refactoring) positively affect technical debt management. Conclusions: The fact that technical debt instances tend to have characteristics in common means that a systematic approach to its management is feasible. However, notwithstanding the positive effects of some agile practices on technical debt management, comp

关键词： Legacy systems

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INNOVATIONS IN COMPUTER-AIDED-DESIGN OF MARINE TURBINES USING INTERACTIVE GRAPHICS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1980年第2期92卷 207-217页

作者： GINGRICH, JK WINTER, RL Mr. John K. Gingrich joined the General Electric Company after his graduation from Lafayette College in 1948. His early assignments were with the General Engineering Laboratory and the Knolls Atomic Power Laboratory in Schenectady. N. Y. He joined the Marine Turbine and Gear Department in 1968 as Manager Engineering Administration. and assumed his present assignment as Manager Engineering Resource Planning & Administration in 1976. Mr. Gingrich was instrumental in procuring the Interactive Graphics System for the Medium Steam Department. having headed up the Study Team and is now responsible for the Interactive Graphics Systems management including new procurements. He is a member of the American Institute of Design Drafting and is currently the Chairman of the Computer-Aided Drafting Committee in that organization. Mr. Reinhold L. Winter is a graduate of the General Electric Apprentice Program and Salem State College from which he received his B.S. degree in Business Administration. He has nineteen years experience with the General Electric Company including eight years in Business Systems and Programming two years in Computer Operations Management and six years in his present position as Manager Engineering Business Systems. He was a member of the original Study Team that investigated and selected the present Applicon Interactive Graphics (IAG) equipment and currently is responsible for the management of software and hardware support for the ZAG Facility.

This paper discusses the Interactive Graphics System used by the General Electric Company, Medium Steam Turbine Department (engineering & Manufacturing) for designing, drafting, and manufacturing applications. A brief overview of the hardware malting up the system is described, followed by a more detailed description of the actual applications. Two-dimensional applications described include a Heat Balance Analysis, Flow Diagrams, and Electrical Schematics. A more fruitful area for increased productivity gains is described in the three-dimensional or mechanical applications including turbine design & layout and bucket design. coordination of the design with manufacturing for numerical control tape generation is described through CAM and Plate Frame Cutting applications. Finally, a short review of the engineering design work using Interactive Graphics is discussed. Productivity gains of 2.6 to 1 are being realized, and the overall savings to the Medium Steam Department are outlined.

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Accelerating Real-Time Imaging for Radiotherapy: Leveraging Multi-GPU Training with PyTorch 22

Accelerating Real-Time Imaging for Radiotherapy: Leveraging ...

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22nd IEEE International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications, ICMLA 2023

作者： Obe, Ruth Kaufmann, Brandt Baird, Kaelen Kadel, Sam Soltani, Yasmin Cham, Mostafa Gobbert, Matthias K. Barajas, Carlos A. Jiang, Zhuoran Sharma, Vijay R. Ren, Lei Peterson, Stephen W. Poif, Jerimy C. U. of Houston-Clear Lake Dept. of Computer Science and of Software Engineering United States U. of San Francisco Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics United States Skidmore College Dept. of Computer Science and of Mathematics United States Mount Holyoke College Dept. of Computer Science and of Psychology United States U. of Houston Dept. of Biomedical Engineering United States U. of Maryland Dept. of Information Systems Baltimore County United States U. of Maryland Dept. of Mathematics and Statistics Baltimore County United States Medical Physics Graduate Program Duke University United States U. of Maryland School of Medicine Dept. of Radiation Oncology United States U. of Maryland School of Medicine Department of Radiation Oncology United States U. of Cape Town Dept. of Physics South Africa H3D Inc. United States

ISBN: (纸本)9798350345346

Proton beam therapy is an advanced form of cancer radiotherapy that uses high-energy proton beams to deliver precise and targeted radiation to tumors. This helps to mit-igate unnecessary radiation exposure in healthy tissues. Real-time imaging of prompt gamma rays with Compton cameras has been suggested to improve therapy efficacy. However, the camera's non-zero time resolution leads to incorrect interaction classifications and noisy images that are insufficient for accurately assessing proton delivery in patients. To address the challenges posed by the Compton camera's image quality, machine learning techniques are employed to classify and refine the generated data. These machine-learning techniques include recurrent and feedforward neural networks. A PyTorch model was designed to improve the data captured by the Compton camera. This decision was driven by PyTorch's flexibility, powerful capabilities in handling sequential data, and enhanced G PU usage. This accelerates the model's computations on large-scale radiotherapy data. Through hyperparameter tuning, the validation accuracy of our PyTorch model has been improved from an initial 7 % to over 60 %. Moreover, the PyTorch Distributed Data Parallelism strategy was used to train the RNN models on multiple G PU s, which significantly reduced the training time with a minor impact on model accuracy. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Clas-sification Compton camera Distributed Data Parallelism Proton beam therapy PyTorch Recurrent neural network

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ADVANCED AVIONICS ARCHITECTURE - THE NAVAIR STUDY

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1994年第6期106卷 31-40页

作者： KATZ, RS JAHNKE, L JEWETT, CE Cdr. Larry Jahnke USN:is presently Head of the Architecture Branch of the Avionics Engineering division AIR-546 of the Naval Air Systems Command. Among his current responsibilities is to lead implementation activities of the NAVAIR Advanced Avionics Architecture study described in this paper. Cdr. Jahnke graduated from the University of Minnesota with a B.S. degree in aeronautical engineering and was commissioned in 1974. After flight training as a Naval flight officer he was assigned to Naval Air Station Barbers Point Hawaii where he served as Tactical Coordinator for P-3B aircraft. He was assigned to the Communications Directorate of the Joint Staff in 1990 where he participated in support of Desert Shield/Desert Storm and was part of the original cadre of officers responsible for the “C41 for the Warrior” concept. Cdr. Jahnke also has a Master of Science degree from the University of Southern California and is a 1990 graduate of the Industrial College of the Armed Forces. Cdr. Charles E. Jewett USN:is currently the Common Avionics Requirements Officer for Naval Aircraft Programs. He has served the Navy as an Aeronautical Engineering Duty Officer since 1982 with previous defense acquisition assignments as the Avionics Architecture and Engineering Branch Head Fighter/Attack Avionics systems Engineering Branch Head and A-12 Avionics Officer and A-6F Deputy Program Manager and the A-6 Avionics Officer. Cdr. Jewett entered the Navy as an Aviation Officer Candidate in 1971 receiving his commission and earning his wings as a Naval Flight Officer the same year. After graduating from the U.S. Naval Test Pilot School in 1976 he was assigned to the Strike Aircraft Test Directorate of the Naval Air Test Center where he participated in various electronic warfare electro-optics and software update evaluations for A-6 EA-6B and OV-10 aircraft. In Cdr. Jewett's previous assignment at NAVAIRSYSCOM he led a major Avionics Architecture Study (the subject of this paper) that surveyed cutting-edge avionics technol

To establish a planning basis for future avionics systems, the Naval Air Systems Command (NAVAIR) conducted an avionics architecture investigation during 1992-1993, culminating in a final report published in August 1993. In the course of the study, U.S. Industry provided significant information to a NAVAIR avionics database for both technologies and systems integration methods. From the study emerged an implementation strategy to allow NAVAIR to develop effective avionics systems in the future that use commercial products and standards where applicable but also allow the ready use of new and emerging technologies. Recommended strategies concentrate on the development process, especially the use of sound systems engineering techniques and the maximum practical use of commercial standards and products. This paper reviews the methodology employed during the NAVAIR investigation, and presents the key findings and resulting implementation strategies. The paper concludes with a brief summary of current implementation plans at NAVAIR.

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AUTOMATION OF PROPELLER INSPECTION AND FINISHING

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1985年第4期97卷 124-131页

作者： STERN, H METZGER, R Howard K. Stern:is presently vice president of Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He received a bachelor of electrical engineering degree from College of the City of New York in 1960. Mr. Stern joined Dynell Electronics Corporation in 1971 and became part of the Robotic Vision Systems Inc. staff at the time of its spin-off from Dynell. He was program manager of the various three-dimensional sensing and replication systems constructed by Dynell and Robotic Vision Systems. As program manager his responsibilities encompassed technical administrative and operational areas. The first two portrait sculpture studio systems and the first three replication systems built by Robotic Vision Systems Inc. were designed manufactured and operated under his direction. Before joining Dynell Mr. Stern was a senior engineer at Instrument Systems Corporation and chief engineer of the Special Products Division of General Instrument Corporation. Prior to these positions Mr. Stern was chief engineer of Edo Commercial Corporation. At General Instrument and Edo Commercial he was responsible for the design and manufacture of military and commercial avionics equipment. Mr. Stern is presently responsible for directing the systems design and development for all of the company's programs. Robert J. Metzger:is currently engineering group leader at Robotic Vision Systems Inc. He graduated summa cum laude from the Cooper Union in 1972 with a bachelor of electrical engineering degree. Under sponsorship of a National Science Foundation graduate fellowship he graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1974 with the degrees of electrical engineer and master of science (electrical engineering). In 1979 Mr. Metzger graduated from Polytechnic Institute of New York with the degree of master of science (computer science). Since 1974 Mr. Metzger has been actively engaged in the design of systems and software for noncontact threedimensional optical measurement for both military and commercial applications. Of particular note are his c

Ship's propellers are currently measured by manual procedures using pitchometers, templates and gauges. This measurement process is extremely tedious, labor intensive and time consuming. In an effort to provide increased accuracy, repeatability and cost effectiveness in propeller manufacture, an automated propeller optical measurement system (APOMS) has been built which rapidly and automatically scans an entire ship's propeller using a 3-D vision sensor. This equipment is integrated with a propeller robotic automated templating system (PRATS) and the propeller optical finishing system (PROFS) which robotically template and grind the propeller to its final shape, using the APOMS-derived data for control feedback. The optical scanning and the final shape are both controlled by CAD/CAM data files describing the desired propeller shape. An automated propeller balancing system is incorporated into the PROFS equipment. The APOMS/PRATS/PROFS equipment is expected to provide lower propeller manufacturing costs.

关键词： PROPELLERS

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Empirical testing: The prototyper's evaluation mechanism

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1997年第1期109卷 41-46页

作者： Hafner, AN Arnold N. Hafner Ph.D.:is founder and president of Information Systems Research (ISR). He has twenty-five years of experience in systems development and is published in the field of systems development management. He served as corporate research scientist at Systems Exploration Inc. from 1988 to 1991 program director at Computer Science Corporation from 1983 to 1988 director of operations at Republic Management Systems Corporation from 1981 to 1983 and program manager at Computer Science Corporation from 1972 to 1981. A 1962 graduate of the US. Naval Academy he holds a doctoral degree in human behavior and engineering degrees in electronics and communications. He has taught courses on information systems and systems management at most of the colleges in the San Diego area. Dr. Hafner has presented fourteen refereed research papers while publishing sixteen articles and a book A Manager's Guide to Software System Development.

Evaluating complex systems is the subject of this paper, the third in a series investigating prototyping. It provides an interesting and helpful overview of how to evaluate systems prototypes and outlines the iterative stream of developer-user interactions that is replacing older approaches to testing and evaluating new military systems, which promise to reduce the time required to develop and field future military capabilities. Changes to the acquisition process, such as those the paper sketches, will facilitate the nation's rapid transit through its current revolution in military affairs.

关键词： Systems analysis

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RATIONALE FOR AN ADA software engineering ENVIRONMENT FOR NAVY MISSION CRITICAL APPLICATIONS

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1984年第4期96卷 133-145页

作者： PAIGE, KK CONVERSE, RA USN LCdr. Kathleen K. Paige USN:graduated with a BA from the University of New Hampshire in 1970. She received her commission from Officer Candidate School in April 1971 and performed her first tour of duty with VFP-63 NAS Miramar. LCdr. Paige then received her MS from the Naval Post Graduate School in June 1976 and returned to San Diego to serve as Head Support Software Division at the Fleet Combat Direction System Support Activity. In May 1981 she reported to NA VSEA (PMS-408) where she served initially as Chairman of the NAVMAT Software Engineering Environment Working Group. She has been assigned as Deputy AN/UYK-43 Acquisition Manager since October 1981. LCdr. Paige was designated a fully qualified Engineering Duty Officer in December 1983. Robert A. Converse:is presently the Acquisition Manager for the Ada Language System/Navy (ALS/N) for the Naval Sea Systems Command Tactical Embedded Computer Resources Project. As such he is responsible for the definition and development of the ALS/N to be provided as a Navy standard computer programming system for Navy mission critical applications. Mr. Converse received a Bachelor of Science degree in Physics from Wheaton College Wheaton II. He spent fourteen years with the Naval Underwater Systems Center Newport Rhode Island during which time he designed and developed the Fortran compiler for the Navy Standard AN/UYK-7 computer. Also during that period he received a Master of Science degree in Computer Science from the University of Rhode Island. His thesis for that degree was entitled “Optimization Techniques for the NUSC Fortran Cross-Compiler”. Mr. Converse started his involvement with the Ada program in 1975 with the initial “Strawman” requirements review. Subsequently he was named as the Navy Ada Distinguished Reviewer and was intimately involved in the selection and refinement of the Ada language as it evolved to become ANSI/MIL-STD-1815A.

The U.S. Navy introduced the use of digital computers in mission critical applications over a quarter of a century ago. Today, virtually every system in the current and planned Navy inventory makes extensive use of computer technology. Computers embedded in mission critical Navy systems are integral to our strategic and tactical defense capabilities. Thus, the military power of the U.S. Navy is inextricably tied to the use of programmable digital computers. The computer program is the essential element that embodies the system “intelligence”. In addition, it provides the flexibility to respond to changing threats and requirements. However, this very flexibility and capability poses a host of difficulties hindering full realization of the advantages. This paper describes the lessons learned about computer program development over the past twenty five years and discusses a software engineering process that addresses these lessons. It then describes how Ada and its related Ada programming Support and Run-Time Environments foster this software engineering process to improve computer program productivity and achieve greater system reliability and adaptibility. Finally, the paper discusses how the use of Ada and its environments can enhance the interoperability and transferability of computer programs among Navy projects and significantly reduce overall life cycle costs for Navy mission critical computer programs.

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