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20th International Conference on Smart Technologies, EUROCON 2023

作者： Ghommem, Mehdi Alattar, Basil Lherbette, Michael Elhady, Alaaeldin Abdel-Rahman, Eihab American University of Sharjah Department of Mechanical Engineering Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates Mechatronics Graduate Program American University of Sharjah Sharjah26666 United Arab Emirates SmarAct Metrology Rohdenweg Oldenburg Germany Systems Design Engineering University of Waterloo Waterloo Ontario Canada

ISBN: (纸本)9781665463973

In this paper, we compare two measurement techniques to analyze the dynamic response of a MEMS resonator, made of a microcantilever beam, that is electrostatically actuated via a side electrode. The first method is based on a combination of Michelson interferometry, knife-edge analysis, and stroboscopic imaging, and is used to dissect the in-plane and out-of-plane motions of the resonator. The second approach follows the motion-induced current method and is based on a transduction mechanism that converts the movement of the resonator to a current signal. The third harmonic of said current is directly related to the in-plane motion of the resonator. Motion-induced current measurements enable the detection of the nonlinear dynamics associated with the motion of the resonator when actuated with high excitation voltages. The optical and electrical measurements show similar nonlinear features in terms of the location of the cyclic-fold bifurcation in the parameter space and the hysteretic region associated with it. These dynamic features can be exploited for sensing purposes. © 2023 IEEE.

关键词： Interferometry

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Comparison between thermal recovery in women with Raynaud’s Phenomenon and not diagnosed women using thermography

Comparison between thermal recovery in women with Raynaud’s...

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Annual International Conference of the IEEE engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)

作者： M.F Campos C.T Heimbecher E.F.R Romaneli W.L Ripka L. Ulbricht A.M Stadinik Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering Federal University of Technology Paraná PR 800230901 BRA Graduate Program in Energy Systems Federal University of Technology Paraná PR 800230901 BRA

Thermography detects the infrared radiation emanated from bodies and transduces it in electrical analog signal. It has application as a complementary exam in several medical segments, including the reheating study to detect diseases like Raynaud's Phenomenon (RP). In this way, the aim of this study is to compare the heating behavior of the RP women and not diagnosed (ND) women for selection of diagnosis criteria. This retrospective study was undertaken in the city of Curitiba, Brazil. For the study, twenty-four volunteer women, with the age range of 30-70 years, were taken to participate of a survey, 12 of them have the clinical diagnostic of Secondary Raynauld's Phenomenon, and twelve women were not diagnosed. Volunteers answered an anamnesis and had the central body temperature measured. They were oriented to keep the hands free and to do not touch anything during 15 minutes for acclimatization. Then, the hands were immersed for 60 seconds in a container with water at 10 °C. New pictures were taken every five minutes during twenty minutes after the immersion. The heating curve of the right hand shows that RP women's hands are colder than ND women and are slower to reheat the temperature after cold stress. The ring (fourth finger) has a linear behavior in both hands. It was the coldest one and the slowest to reheat. Statistical difference was observed in critical times of reheating at 15 and 20 minutes after the cold stress. These results show that this finger could become a reference in studies to determine cutting points and to facilitate the clinical diagnosis of RP.

关键词： Thumb Stress Diseases Temperature measurement Cameras Biomedical engineering

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Modular Safety-Critical Control of Legged Robots

arXiv

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arXiv 2023年

作者： Tosun, Berk Samur, Evren Graduate Program in Systems and Control Engineering Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey Department of Mechanical Engineering Bogazici University Istanbul Turkey

Safety concerns during the operation of legged robots must be addressed to enable their widespread use. Machine learning-based control methods that use model-based constraints provide promising means to improve robot safety. This study presents a modular safety filter to improve the safety of a legged robot, i.e., reduce the chance of a fall. The prerequisite is the availability of a robot that is capable of locomotion, i.e., a nominal controller exists. During locomotion, terrain properties around the robot are estimated through machine learning which uses a minimal set of proprioceptive signals. A novel deep-learning model utilizing an efficient transformer architecture is used for the terrain estimation. A quadratic program combines the terrain estimations with inverse dynamics and a novel exponential control barrier function constraint to filter and certify nominal control signals. The result is an optimal controller that acts as a filter. The filtered control signal allows safe locomotion of the robot. The resulting approach is generalizable, and could be transferred with low effort to any other legged system. Copyright © 2023, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Robots

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Conventional and adaptive strategies applied to DC motor control using microcontroller PIC18F4520 7

Conventional and adaptive strategies applied to DC motor con...

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7th Brazilian Electrical systems Symposium, SBSE 2018

作者： Taveiros, Filipe Emanuel Vieira Barros, Luciano Sales Barros, Camila Mara Vital Electrical Engineering and Computing Graduate Program of Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte Natal Brazil Electrical Engineering Department of Federal University of Rio Grande Do Norte Natal Brazil Computer Systems Department of Federal University of Paraíba João Pessoa Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781538633632

In this paper strategies to control the speed of a generic DC motor system are discussed. They range from the conventional, like PID and state-feedback, to reference model adaptive algorithms such as MRAC, VS-MRAC and DMARC. The goal of this study is to determine the best control strategy for high-performance applications regarding to stability, robustness and optimal controller effort. In theory and sometimes in practice, all these control strategies proof themselves reliable, however, in heavy-duty set-point references the application requires high performance of the controller under disturbances, unmodeled dynamics and variable speed reference conditions. The use of appropriate control strategies can highly contribute to this purpose. To support the conclusions, the control strategies have been embedded in a microcontroller PIC18F4520 and applied to a test motor in order to obtain experimental results. © 2018 IEEE.

关键词： Three term control systems

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Study on the quench behaviour of molten fuel material jetted into coolant

Nihon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshu, B Hen/Transactions of the Japa...

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Nihon Kikai Gakkai Ronbunshu, B Hen/Transactions of the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers, Part B 2005年第703期71卷 947-953页

作者： Abe, Yutaka Kizu, Tetsuya Nariai, Hideki Chitose, Keiko Koyama, Kazuya Doctoral Program in Engineering Mechanics and Energy Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba-shi Ibaraki 305-8573 Japan

In a core disruptive accident (CDA) of a Fast Breeder Reactor, the post accident heat removal (PAHR) is crucial for the accident mitigation. The molten core material should be solidified in the sodium coolant in the reactor vessel. In the present experiment, molten material is injected into water to experimentally obtain fragments and the visualized information of the fragmentation. The distributed particle behaviour of the molten material jet is observed with high-speed video camera. The distributions of the fragmented droplet diameter from the molten material jet are evaluated by correcting the solidified particles. The experimental results of the mean fragmented droplet diameter are compared with the existing theories. Consequently, the fragmented droplet diameter is close to the value estimated based on the Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Once the particle diameter of the fragmented molten,material could be known from a hydrodynamic model, it becomes possible to estimate the mass ratio of the molten particle to the total injected mass by combining an appropriate heat transfer model The mass ratio of the molten fragment to total mass of the melted mixed oxide fuel in sodium coolant estimated in the present study is very small. The result means that most of the molten mixed oxide fuel material injected into the sodium coolant can be cooled down under the solidified temperature, if the amount of the coolant is sufficient.

关键词： Breeder reactors

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A Zaslavskii Firefly Approach Applied to Loney's Solenoid Benchmark

A Zaslavskii Firefly Approach Applied to Loney's Solenoid Be...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man, and Cybernetics

作者： Leandro dos Santos Coelho Emerson Hochsteiner de Vasconcelos Segundo Viviana Cocco Mariani Marcia de Fatima Morais Roberto Zanetti Freire Industrial and Systems Eng. Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) and Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEM) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program (PPGEM) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR) and Department of Electrical Engineering Federal University of Parana (UFPR) Industrial and Systems Eng. Graduate Program (PPGEPS) Pontifical Catholic University of Parana (PUCPR)

ISBN: (纸本)9781479938414

Nature-inspired algorithms of the swarm intelligence field perform powerfully and efficiently in solving global optimization problems. Inspired by nature, these metaheuristic algorithms have obtained promising performance over continuous domains of optimization problems. Recently, a new swarm intelligence approach called firefly algorithm (FA) has emerged. The FA is a stochastic paradigm based on the idealized behavior of the flashing characteristics of fireflies. However, to achieve good performance with FA, the tuning of control parameters is essential as its performance is sensitive to the choice of the randomization parameter (α) setting. This paper introduces a FA approach combined with chaotic sequences generated by Zaslavskii map (FACZ) to tune the randomization parameter. Simulations of Loney's solenoid benchmark problem examine the effectiveness of the conventional FA and the proposed FACZ algorithms. Simulation results and comparisons with the FACZ demonstrated that the performance of the FA is promising in the Loney's solenoid case.

关键词： Swarm intelligence Firefly algorithm Electromagnetic optimization Chaotic sequences Loney's solenoid

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Systemic evaluation of spatio-temporal variations in travel time reliability due to a toll road over time

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Urban, Planning and Transport Research 2021年第1期9卷 36-59页

作者： Mathew, Sonu Pulugurtha, Srinivas S. Graduate of Infrastructure & Environmental Systems (INES) Program The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC United States Professor of Civil & Environmental Engineering Department Director of Infrastructure Design Environment & Sustainability (IDEAS) Center The University of North Carolina at Charlotte Charlotte NC United States

This paper evaluates the effectiveness of toll roads in reducing congestion and improving travel time reliability on streets within its vicinity, over time. The data, from the year 2013 to 2017, for the Triangle Expressway in the city of Raleigh, North Carolina was used in the systemic evaluation process. The spatial and temporal variations in the travel time distributions on the toll road, parallel route, and near-vicinity cross-streets (in a 2-mile buffer) were evaluated. The average travel time (ATT), the 95th percentile travel time (or planning time, PT), the buffer time (BT), and the buffer time index (BTI) were computed for each link by the day-of-the-week and the time-of-the-day. Though there was an improvement in travel time after the speed limit change in the year 2014, the travel time reliability got reduced on the Triangle Expressway. Over time, there was a gradual improvement in BT and BTI. The parallel route reliability decreased significantly over time, whereas the travel time reliability of cross-streets showed a consistent trend. The stabilization of travel time distributions and the reliability measures in the year 2017 indicate that further reduction in performance measures may not be expected in the next few years on the near-vicinity links. © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

关键词： buffer time buffer time index road spatial temporal Toll travel time

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Hardware particle swarm optimization based on the attractive-repulsive scheme for embedded applications

Hardware particle swarm optimization based on the attractive...

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2010 International Conference on Reconfigurable Computing and FPGAs, ReConFig 2010

作者： Muñoz, Daniel M. Llanos, Carlos H. Dos S. Coelho, Leandro Ayala-Rincón, Mauricio Department of Mechanical Engineering Automation and Control Group/GRACO University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program LAS/PPGPES Pontifical Catholic University of Parana Curitiba Parana Brazil Department of Computer Science and Mathematics University of Brasilia Brasilia DF Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9780769543147

Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms have been proposed to solve engineering problems that require to find an optimal point of operation. However, the PSO algorithm suffers from premature convergence and high elapsed time when solving multimodal and large scale engineering problems. This problem becomes an evident drawback for embedded applications in which the microcontrollers often operates at low computational capacity. This paper proposes a hardware implementation of a parallel self-adaptive PSO algorithm based on an attractive-repulsive scheme and using the efficient floating-point arithmetic which performs computations with large dynamic range and high precision. The parallel capabilities of the PSO are exploited by implementing parallel particles directly in hardware in order to decrease the running time. In addition, the attractive-repulsive technique avoids the premature convergence problem by self-adapting the swarm behavior according to its diversity. Synthesis and simulation results for benchmark test problems were performed, demonstrating the correctness of the proposed architectures. Finally, an elapsed time comparison between the hardware and software implementations shows the suitableness of the proposed architecture for embedded applications. © 2010 IEEE.

关键词： Global optimization

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Comparing Competitive Priorities of Slow Fashion and Fast Fashion Operations of Large Retailers in an Emerging Economy

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Global Journal of Flexible systems Management 2022年第1期23卷 1-19页

作者： Sellitto, Miguel Afonso Valladares, Domingos Rafael Ferla Pastore, Erica Alfieri, Arianna Production and Systems Engineering Graduate Program Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos - UNISINOS Av. Unisinos 950 RS São Leopoldo 93022.750 Brazil Politecnico di Torino - POLITO Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24 Turin Italy

The purpose of this study was to compare the competitive priorities of the slow and fast fashion retail operations of large retailers in an emerging economy. The study embraces the six largest Brazilian companies operating both fast and slow fashion businesses. The methodological path comprises a qualitative phase, in which four experts review the competitive priorities in fashion supply chains. Then follows a quantitative phase, in which the practitioners, supported by AHP, the analytical hierarchy process, weight the fast fashion and slow fashion supply chain priorities. Finally, the study compares the two sets of priorities by considering the uncertainty in the judgment. The most relevant priorities in slow fashion are price and quality, whereas those in fast fashion are customer relationships and flexibility. This study proposes guidelines for simultaneously managing these two strategies. In slow fashion, companies should reduce costs and improve quality by implementing online process controls. In fast fashion, companies should decrease lot sizes, increase the variety of mixes and assortments, and strengthen ties with customers. The main novelty of this study is the evidence that retailers operating fast and slow fashion must simultaneously manage two different strategies to achieve different priorities. In addition, some novel procedures are adopted to mitigate the uncertainty in the judgments. © 2021, Global Institute of Flexible systems Management.

关键词： Competitive priorities Customer relationships Fashion supply chain Fast fashion Flexibility Slow fashion

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A case study on statistical characterization and optimization of coercivity in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

A case study on statistical characterization and optimizatio...

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作者： Cedeño-Mattei, Y. Sánchez-Peña, M.L. Lara-Rodríguez, Y. Perales-Pérez, Ó. Cabrera-Ríos, M. Engineering Science and Materials Department University of Puerto Rico at Mayagüez Mayagüez Puerto Rico Industrial Engineering Department University of Puerto Rico Mayagüez Mayagüez 00681-9000 Puerto Rico Graduate Program in Systems Engineering University of Nuevo León Nuevo León Mexico

Characterization and optimization of material properties during synthesis and processing are frequent problems in materials science and engineering. In the present paper, the use of design of experiments (DOE) to characterize and improve coercivity in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles is described. The sequence of experiments was planned to capitalize on previous experimental runs available. Emphasis is placed on the rationale for choosing the additional runs. The results reveal that the choice of an adequate initial experimental design can save effort and resources in arriving at useful conclusions upon which subsequent experimental runs can be planned, capitalizing on the initial experimental structure. A region with attractive solutions in terms of coercivity, including a local maximum, was identified through the experimental sequences described in this case study. © 2011 Authors.

关键词： Design of experiments

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