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Low-Velocity-Favored Transition Radiation

Physical Review Letters 2023年第11期131卷 113002-113002页

作者： Jialin Chen Ruoxi Chen Fuyang Tay Zheng Gong Hao Hu Yi Yang Xinyan Zhang Chan Wang Ido Kaminer Hongsheng Chen Baile Zhang Xiao Lin Interdisciplinary Center for Quantum Information State Key Laboratory of Extreme Photonics and Instrumentation ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center College of Information Science & Electronic Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China International Joint Innovation Center the Electromagnetics Academy at Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Haining 314400 China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Technion-Israel Institute of Technology Haifa 32000 Israel Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA Applied Physics Graduate Program Smalley-Curl Institute Rice University Houston Texas 77005 USA School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering Nanyang Technological University Singapore 639798 Singapore Department of Physics University of Hong Kong Hong Kong 999077 China Key Lab of Advanced Micro/Nano Electronic Devices & Smart Systems of Zhejiang Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Jinhua 321099 China Shaoxing Institute of Zhejiang University Zhejiang University Shaoxing 312000 China Division of Physics and Applied Physics School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies Nanyang Technological University Singapore 637371 Singapore

When a charged particle penetrates through an optical interface, photon emissions emerge—a phenomenon known as transition radiation. Being paramount to fundamental physics, transition radiation has enabled many applications from high-energy particle identification to novel light sources. A rule of thumb in transition radiation is that the radiation intensity generally decreases with the decrease of particle velocity v; as a result, low-energy particles are not favored in practice. Here, we find that there exist situations where transition radiation from particles with extremely low velocities (e.g., v/c<10−3) exhibits comparable intensity as that from high-energy particles (e.g., v/c=0.999), where c is the light speed in free space. The comparable radiation intensity implies an extremely high photon extraction efficiency from low-energy particles, up to 8 orders of magnitude larger than that from high-energy particles. This exotic phenomenon of low-velocity-favored transition radiation originates from the interference of the excited Ferrell-Berreman modes in an ultrathin epsilon-near-zero slab. Our findings may provide a promising route toward the design of integrated light sources based on low-energy electrons and specialized detectors for beyond-standard-model particles.

关键词： Atom or molecule scattering from surfaces Atomic & molecular collisions Cherenkov radiation Crystal optics Electron beams & optics Light-matter interaction Optical sources & detectors Optical transient phenomena Plasmonics

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Simulation-Based Optimization for the Integrated Control of Production and Logistics: A Performance Comparison

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IFAC-PapersOnLine 2020年第2期53卷 10639-10644页

作者： Matheus C. Pires Enzo M. Frazzon Djonathan Quadras Eike Broda Michael Freitag Department of Production Engineering and Systems (EPS) Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Graduate Program in Production Engineering Federal University of Santa Catarina Florianópolis Brazil Faculty of Production Engineering University of Bremen Bremen Germany BIBA - Bremer Institut für Produktion und Logistik GmbH at the University of Bremen Bremen Germany

Manufacturing systems’ efficiency depends on the proper assignment of orders to resources. Due to existing interdependencies, the integrated consideration of production, inventory and delivery processes can improve the overall manufacturing performance. However, the integration can result in high complexity and stochasticity. Thus, the three areas are rarely addressed together. Thereof, this paper proposes an integrated simulation-based optimization method to cope with uncertainty and complexity. The proposed approach was compared to a benchmark approach and the obtained results show that the first is able to handle the complexity and stochasticity of real-world manufacturing systems, surpassing the performance of the latter.

关键词： Supply Chain Planning Control Simulation-based Optimization Integrated Planning Simulation Optimization Simulated Annealing

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Relationship between temperature and magnet skew angle in PMSG for low-speed wind applications

Relationship between temperature and magnet skew angle in PM...

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Conference on Power, Energy and Innovations (ICPEI)

作者： Mintra Trongtorkarn Thanansak Theppaya Montri Luengchavanon Energy Technology Program Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Hatyai Songkhla Thailand Faculty of Engineering Prince of Songkla University Hatyai Songkhla Thailand PSU Energy Systems Research Institute (PERIN) Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Energy Systems Prince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand

The Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generators (PMSG) was generally used for low speed wind turbines. A skew magnet (rotor) was practically utilized for reducing the starting torque of the PMSG operating at low wind speeds. However, the thermal conduction in the air-coil (stator) can be effected by the magnet skew angle. The thermal conduction was then measured at three different areas, in the middle, at the surface and between the air-coil. The higher thermal conduction is found out to be located in the middle of the air-coil. When the skew angle was zero, the temperature maintained at 41.2°C for 120 minutes at 250 rpm while a 20 degrees angle skew resulted in the lower temperature at 39.5°C for 120 minutes at the same speed. At the higher turbine speed, 500 rpm, the non-skew magnet generated the temperature of 48.8°C for 120 minutes while the temperatures of a 20 degree angle skew read 46°C for 120 minutes. Overall, the magnet skewed angle at 20 degrees decreased the temperature by approximately 4.13% and 5.74% for 120 minutes at 250 and 500 rpm respectively. Therefore, the skew magnet angle can practically reduce the temperature in PMSGs for applications based on low-speed wind turbines.

关键词： Temperature measurement Technological innovation Torque Wind speed Rotors Stators Thermal conductivity

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Uncovering diffusive states of the yeast proton pump, Pma1, and how labeling method can change diffusive behavior

arXiv

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arXiv 2022年

作者： Bailey, Mary Lou P. Pratt, Susan E. Zhang, Yongdeng Hinrichsen, Michael Bewersdorf, Joerg Regan, Lynne J. Mochrie, Simon G.J. Integrated Graduate Program in Physical and Engineering Biology Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Applied Physics Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Physics Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Cell Biology Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Department of Biomedical Engineering Yale University New HavenCT06511 United States Institute of Quantitative Biology Biochemistry and Biotechnology Center for Synthetic and Systems Biology School of Biological Sciences University of Edinburgh Edinburgh06511 United Kingdom

We present and analyze video-microscopy-based single-particle-tracking measurements of the budding yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) membrane protein, Pma1, fluorescently-labeled either by direct fusion to the switchable fluorescent protein, mEos3.2, or by a novel, light-touch, labeling scheme, in which a 5 amino acid tag is directly fused to the C-terminus of Pma1, which then binds mEos3.2. The diffusivity distributions of these two populations of single particle tracks differ significantly, demonstrating that labeling method can be an important determinant of diffusive behavior. We also applied perturbation expectation maximization (pEMv2) [Physical Review E 94, 052412 (2016)], which sorts trajectories into the statistically-optimum number of diffusive states. For both TRAP-labeled Pma1 and Pma1-mEos3.2, pEMv2 sorts the tracks into two diffusive states: an essentially immobile state and a more mobile state. However, the mobile fraction of Pma1-mEos3.2 tracks is much smaller (∼ 0.1) than the mobile fraction of TRAP-labeled Pma1 tracks (∼ 0.5). In addition, the diffusivity of Pma1-mEos3.2's mobile state is several times smaller than the diffusivity of TRAP-labeled Pma1's mobile state. To critically assess pEMv2's performance, we compare the diffusivity and covariance distributions of the experimental pEMv2-sorted populations to corresponding theoretical distributions, assuming that Pma1 displacements realize a Gaussian random process. The experiment-theory comparisons for both the TRAP-labeled Pma1 and Pma1-mEos3.2 reveal good agreement, bolstering the pEMv2 approach. © 2022, CC BY.

关键词： Diffusion

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Understanding automated and human-based technical debt identification approaches-a two-phase study

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Journal of the Brazilian Computer Society 2019年第1期25卷 1页

作者： Spínola, Rodrigo O. Zazworka, Nico Vetro, Antonio Shull, Forrest Seaman, Carolyn Graduate Program in Systems and Computer Salvador University State University of Bahia SalvadorBahia Brazil Elsevier Frankfurt Germany Nexa Center for Internet & Society DAUIN Politecnico di Torino Torino Italy Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute ArlingtonVA United States Department of Information Systems University of Maryland Baltimore County BaltimoreMD United States

Context: The technical debt (TD) concept inspires the development of useful methods and tools that support TD identification and management. However, there is a lack of evidence on how different TD identification tools could be complementary and, also, how human-based identification compares with them. Objective: To understand how to effectively elicit TD from humans, to investigate several types of tools for TD identification, and to understand the developers’ point of view about TD indicators and items reported by tools. Method: We asked developers to identify TD items from a real software project. We also collected the output of three tools to automatically identify TD and compared the results in terms of their locations in the source code. Then, we collected developers’ opinions on the identification process through a focus group. Results: Aggregation seems to be an appropriate way to combine TD reported by developers. The tools used cannot help in identifying many important TD types, so involving humans is necessary. Developers reported that the tools would help them to identify TD faster or more accurately and that project priorities and current development activities are important to be considered together, along with the values of principal and interest, when deciding to pay off a debt. Conclusion: This work contributes to the TD landscape, which depicts an understanding between different TD types and how they are best discovered. © 2019, The Author(s).

关键词： Software engineering

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Macroscopic Fundamental Diagrams According to the Different Flood Depths on Probe Vehicle Data in Urban Bangkok

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation engineering 2020年第1期8卷 20-28页

作者： Piyapong Suwanno Prasan Jitpat Rattanaporn Kasemsri Bethala Aditya Atsushi Fukuda Program of Transportation Systems Engineering Graduate School of Science and TechnologyNihon UniversityChiba 274-8501Japan Research Unit of Technology and Innovation on Civil Engineering College of Industrial Technology and ManagementRajamangala University of Technology SrivijayaNakhon Si Thammrat 80210Thailand School of Civil Engineering Suranaree University of TechnologyNakhon Ratchasima 30000Thailand Department of Transportation Systems Engineering College of Science and TechnologyNihon UniversityChiba 274-8501Japan

Impact of flood depth on traffic volume in two different zones of the Bangkok road network was investigated using traffic data obtained from probe vehicle trajectories.A Macroscopic Fundamental Diagram(MFD)was utilized to compare traffic flow rates across two road network zones in the city for a variety of flood depths,namely 0-5 cm,5-10 cm,10-15 cm,15-30 cm,and more than 30 *** of empirical analysis over an observation period of one year as 2019 showed that flood depths had a strong correlation with the MFD parameters of free-flow speed,maximum flow,and traffic jam *** particular,road floods greatly reduced average maximum flow across the inner city road network in *** floods had a significant impact on traffic characteristics of urban road networks.

关键词： Road flood probe vehicle MFD

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A weblab control experiment using the ball and beam system and multiobjective optimization 5

A weblab control experiment using the ball and beam system a...

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5th Experiment at International Conference, exp.at 2019

作者： Kagami, Ricardo Massao Kovalski Da Costa, Guinther Mendes, Luciano Antonio Freire, Roberto Zanetti Industrial and Systems Engineering Graduate Program-PPGEPS Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná-PUCPR Curitiba Brazil Department of Control and Automation Engineering Pontifícia Universidade Católica Do Paraná-PUCPR Curitiba Brazil

ISBN: (纸本)9781728136370

y associating active learning methodologies and digital media as a form to improve educational quality, the diversity of experimentations in engineering education has been motivating researches in many areas with possibilities of increasing both students' knowledge and skills. Control engineering is an area where educational laboratories are usually costly, thus the use of virtual laboratories for remote experimentation became an interesting approach. In this work, it is presented a remote experimentation procedure for the ball and beam system, which is a nonlinear and unstable open loop process. Considering the advanced control topic, multiobjective optimization was introduced in the experiment in order to tune Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers. Through the description of the system model, the multiobjective optimization technique, and the experiment configuration, students can simulate and test their controllers remotely in a real plant. © 2019 IEEE.

关键词： Multiobjective optimization

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Real-time Snowboard Training System for a Novice Using Visual and Auditory Feedback

Real-time Snowboard Training System for a Novice Using Visua...

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IEEE International Conference on systems, Man and Cybernetics

作者： Takashi Kuwahara Itsuki Takahashi Shintaro Harikae Ph.D. Program in Empowerment Informatics School of Integrative and Global Majors University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan Independent Ibaraki Japan Graduate School of Systems and Information Engineering University of Tsukuba Ibaraki Japan

ISBN: (数字)9781728185262

ISBN: (纸本)9781728185279

In snowboard training, it is especially important to learn proper weight transfer and to perceive a gap between the perceived movement and the actual body movement. However, previous training systems don't have sufficient function, and the effectiveness of each feedback on weight transfer, which includes not only the front and back but also left and right has not been reported. In this study, we propose and develop a real-time snowboard training system for a novice using visual and auditory feedback, and confirm its basic performance and effectiveness of each feedback. This system mainly consists of four components: (1) a center of pressure (COP) detection device, (2) a posture estimation device, (3) a visual feedback device, (4) an auditory feedback device. We experimented to confirm the feasibility to enhance motor learning by using the developed system and to evaluate the effectiveness of each feedback on weight transfer, which includes not only the front and back but also left and right. In conclusion, we developed a real-time snowboard training system for a novice using visual and auditory feedback and confirmed that our system could assist the proper weight transfer. Furthermore, in short-term learning, we confirmed that the effectiveness of each feedback, and visual feedback or visual and auditory feedback is the best way to enhance motor learning.

关键词： Training Visualization Protocols Snow Real-time systems Floors Sports

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Radar Occupancy Prediction with Lidar Supervision while Preserving Long-Range Sensing and Penetrating Capabilities

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Kung, Pou-Chun Wang, Chieh-Chih Lin, Wen-Chieh The Graduate Degree Program of Robotics National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan The Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Taiwan The Mechanical and Mechatronics Systems Research Laboratories Industrial Technology Research Institute Hsinchu Taiwan The Department of Computer Science National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University Hsinchu Taiwan

Radar shows great potential for autonomous driving by accomplishing long-range sensing under diverse weather conditions. But radar is also a particularly challenging sensing modality due to the radar noises. Recent works have made enormous progress in classifying free and occupied spaces in radar images by leveraging lidar label supervision. However, there are still several unsolved issues. Firstly, the sensing distance of the results is limited by the sensing range of lidar. Secondly, the performance of the results is degenerated by lidar due to the physical sensing discrepancies between the two sensors. For example, some objects visible to lidar are invisible to radar, and some objects occluded in lidar scans are visible in radar images because of the radar's penetrating capability. These sensing differences cause false positive and penetrating capability degeneration, respectively. In this paper, we propose training data preprocessing and polar sliding window inference to solve the issues. The data preprocessing aims to reduce the effect caused by radar-invisible measurements in lidar scans. The polar sliding window inference aims to solve the limited sensing range issue by applying a near-range trained network to the long-range region. Instead of using common Cartesian representation, we propose to use polar representation to reduce the shape dissimilarity between long-range and near-range data. We find that extending a near-range trained network to long-range region inference in the polar space has 4.2 times better IoU than in Cartesian space. Besides, the polar sliding window inference can preserve the radar penetrating capability by changing the viewpoint of the inference region, which makes some occluded measurements seem non-occluded for a pretrained network. Copyright © 2021, The Authors. All rights reserved.

关键词： Optical radar

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An efficient two-dimensional heat transfer model for building envelopes

arXiv

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arXiv 2021年

作者： Berger, Julien Gasparin, Suelen Mazuroski, Walter Mendes, Nathan UMR 7356 CNRS La Rochelle Université CNRS La Rochelle17000 France Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc LOCIE Chambéry73000 France Thermal Systems Laboratory Mechanical Engineering Graduate Program Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná Rua Imaculada Conceição 1155 CuritibaCEP: 80215-901 Brazil

A two-dimensional model is proposed for energy efficiency assessment through the simulation of heat transfer in building envelopes, considering the influence of the surrounding environment. The model is based on the Du Fort–Frankel approach that provides an explicit scheme with a relaxed stability condition. The model is first validated using an analytical solution and then compared to three other standard schemes. Results show that the proposed model offers a good compromise in terms of high accuracy and reduced computational efforts. Then, a more complex case study is investigated, considering non-uniform shading effects due to the neighboring buildings. In addition, the surface heat transfer coefficient varies with wind velocity and height, which imposes an addition non-uniform boundary condition. After showing the reliability of the model prediction, a comparison over almost 120 cities in France is carried out between the two- and the one-dimensional approaches of the current building simulation programs. Important discrepancies are observed for regions with high magnitudes of solar radiation and wind velocity. Last, a sensitivity analysis is carried out using a derivative-based approach. It enables to assess the variability of the solution according to the modeling of the two-dimensional boundary conditions. Moreover, the proposed model computes efficiently the solution and its sensitivity to the modeling of the urban environment. © 2021, CC BY-NC-SA.

关键词： Wind

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