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NEW TECHNOLOGY IN OIL CONTENT MONITORS

NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1989年第2期101卷 48-55页

作者： NARDELLA, JA RAW, TT STOKES, GH John A. Nardella is the life-cycle manager for oil content monitor equipment for the Naval Sea Systems Command Washington D.C. He has an M.S. degree in chemical engineering from the Pennsylvania State University and is a licensed professional engineer in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Dr. Timothy T. Raw is the principal investigator responsible for the oil contamination monitor project. He has a doctorate in physical chemistry from Rensselear Polytechnical Institute and a B.A. in chemistry and computer science from Saint Louis University. Dr. Raw is currently a staff member at Anheuser Busch Inc. in Saint Louis. Dr. Grant H. Stokes is responsible for the technical management of Geo-Centers Inc. Boston operation. He has doctorate and M. S. degrees in physics from Princeton University and a B.A. from Colorado College. Previous to joining Geo-Centers Inc. he was a staff member in the Laser Fusion Program at Los Alamos National Laboratory.

International antipollution requirements have been legislated to regulate the oil content of bilge effluent from ships. In response to these standards, the U.S. Navy is currently in the process of installing pollution abatement equipment on all vessels. The equipment will consist of an oil-water separator in the bilge discharge line, followed by an oil content monitor which makes the final decision on whether or not the water is clean enough to be pumped overboard. The monitor is required to make a real-time measurement of oil concentration in the range 15 ± 5 to 100 ± 20 ppm for flow rates up to 50 gal/min. and possibly in the presence of interfering contaminants, such as rust. This paper presents the results of the current effort to develop a monitor which satisfies all of these requirements and is sufficiently rugged for fleet deployment. The monitor under development employs two fiber optic systems and a small microprocessor. The first optical system measures the concentration of particles in the flow as a function of their sizes, using small angle forward scattering. The second determines what percentage of the particles in the flow are oil, using large angle scattering. The microprocessor takes the data from the two optical systems and calculates the oil concentration in the flow. Since the particle size is measured by the monitor, no sample preparation is required and the monitor may be placed directly in the discharge line where it responds to changes in oil content in less than one second. In addition, this monitor can notify the operator of impending oil-water separator failure associated with passing large oil particles. A demonstration monitor consisting of the forward scattering unit has been successfully tested at the NavSea oil pollution abatement test facility at the Naval Ship systems engineering Station at Philadelphia. The monitor agrees well with chemical means of measuring oil content. Results of this comparison and laboratory test of a prototyp

关键词： Water Pollution

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Coded DF-expression for binary and multi-valued picture

Coded DF-expression for binary and multi-valued picture

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International Conference on Pattern Recognition

作者： E. Kawaguchi R.-I. Taniguchi Department of Electrical Engineering Computer Science Division Kyushu Institute of Technology Kitakyushu Japan Department of Information Systems Graduate School of Engineering Sciences Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

The depth-first picture expression (DF-expression) is a compact quadtree expression providing a high data compression capability. It is primarily a hierarchically structured data representation for binary pictures. The authors first review the basic ideas of the DF-expression, and its potential data-compression competence. Then the practical problem is studied of how much reduction can be achieved data by converting the expression to a binary coding. It is also shown that there are two directions in the DF-expression strategy for the gray-image coding. One is the bit-plane based, and the other is the three-dimensional (three-valued) DF-expressions. For most of the natural images, the bit-plane based strategy is more effective than the three-dimensional one. The reason for that is discussed.< >

关键词： Information systems computer science Image processing Data structures Decoding Data compression Zirconium

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DATA MULTIPLEX SYSTEM (DMS) - ASPECTS OF FLEET INTRODUCTION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第6期100卷 41-47页

作者： BLACKWELL, LM Luther M. Blackwell:is presently the Data Multiplex System (DMS) program manager in the Bridge Control Monitoring and Information Transfer Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command (NavSea). He graduated from the University of Maryland in 1964 receiving his BS degree in electrical engineering. After graduating he was employed in the Bureau of Ships where he held project engineering assignments on various ships entertainment magnetic tape recording fiber optics computer mass memory and information transfer systems. He has also pursued graduate studies in engineering management at The George Washington University.

The Data Multiplex System (DMS) is a general-purpose information transfer system directed toward fulfilling the internal data intercommunication requirements of a variety of naval combatant ships and submarines in the 1990–2000 time frame. The need for a modern data transfer system of the size and capability of DMS has increased as various digital control systems throughout naval ships have adopted distributed processing architectures and reconfigurable control consoles, and as the quantity of remotely sensed and controlled equipment throughout the ship has increased manyfold over what it was in past designs. Instead of miles of unique cabling that must be specifically designed for each ship, DMS will meet information transfer needs with general-purpose multiplex cable that will be installed according to a standard plan that does not vary with changes to the ship's electronics suite. Perhaps the greatest impact of DMS will be the decoupling of ship subsystems from each other and from the ship. Standard multiplex interfaces will avoid the cost and delay of modifying subsystems to make them compatible. The ability to wire a new ship according to a standard multiplex cable plan, long before the ship subsystems are fully defined, will free both the ship and the subsystems to develop at their own pace, will allow compression of the development schedules, and will provide ships with more advanced subsystems. This paper describes the DMS system as it is currently being introduced into the fleet by the U.S. Navy. The results of its design and implementation in the DDG-51 and LHD-1 class ships are also presented.

关键词： Multiplexing Equipment

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NAVAL SHIP DESIGN - EVOLUTION OR REVOLUTION

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1988年第3期100卷 40-52页

作者： TIBBITTS, BF KEANE, RG RIGGINS, RJ Captain Barry Tibbitts USN: was graduated from the U.S. Naval Academy in 1956 and subsequently served as a gunnery division officer in an attack aircraft carrier and as gunnery officer operations officer and chief engineer in two diesel submarines. He attended MIT from 1962–1965 earning a master of science in mechanical engineering and a naval engineers degree. Early assignments as an engineering duty officer included SRF Yokosuka CINCPACFLT staff and SupShip Pascagoula. From 1976 to 1987 he served in a variety of senior ship design assignments: CVV ship design manager director NAVSEC Hull and Ship Design Divisions director NavSea Ship Design Management and Integration Office commander David Taylor Naval Ship R&D Center and director NavSea Ship Design Group. Recently retired but recalled to active duty he is the professor of naval construction and engineering at MIT. He has received seven personal decorations including two Legion of Merit awards. Robert G. Keane Jr.:is currently the deputy director of the NavSea Ship Design Group. He has been employed by NavSea and its predecessor organizations for over twenty years. He is a graduate of The Johns Hopkins University from which he received his B.E.S. degree in mechanical engineering in 1962. He received his M.E. degree in mechanical engineering in 1967 from Stevens Institute of Technology and in 1970 his M.S.E. degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from the University of Michigan. Mr. Keane held increasingly responsible design positions involving ship arrangements hull equipment hull form and hydrodynamic performance before being selected in 1981 for the Senior Executive Service to be director of the Naval Architecture Subgroup. Following an assignment at the David Taylor Research Center as assistant for transition of ship engineering technology he served as director of the Ship Survivability Subgroup until assuming his current position in 1985. He is an active member of ASNE SNAME and ASE. Robert Riggins:received a B.S. in mechanical

Some fairly radical changes to the naval ship design process occurred during the 1970s. The decade of the 80s has also witnessed a steady stream of changes. One of the most significant was the establishment of the Ship Characteristics Improvement Board (SCIB) in the Office of the Chief of Naval Operations (OpNav), and the resulting influence on the dialog between the military requirements decision makers and the Navy's ship designers. Other changes have occurred for which the impacts are less clear. These include establishment of the chief engineer of the Navy (ChEng) position, creation of the Space and Naval Warfare systems Command (SpaWar) and OpNav's “Revolution at Sea” initiative. This paper will describe and discuss these and other changes, and comment on the resultant impact. The authors will attempt to present a global view of the total pattern of changes and try to discern if we are on a path of revolution, or merely normal evolution.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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An automated medical record system for a skilled nursing facility

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Journal of Medical systems 1987年第5期11卷 367-380页

作者： Weiler, Philip G. Thorpe, Linda Walters, Richard Chiriboga, David From the Department of Community Health Center for Aging and Health United States the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Division of Computer Science University of California Davis United States D-M Information Systems Inc. United States the Clinical Gerontology Program School of Allied Health Sciences University of Texas United States

This paper reports on the development of an on-line automated medical record system suitable for nursing homes. The software was written in standard MUMPS (Massachusetts General Hospital Utilities Multi-programming System) and is easy for the first-time user to operate. The data managed by the system may be divided into four major components, including text tables, the hierarchical problem dictionary, the patient admission data, and the care plan data. The system met all of the project's objectives and has been enthusiastically received by the nursing home staff. © 1987 Plenum Publishing Corporation.

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THE ROLE OF PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS IN THE LIFE-CYCLE OF A WEAPONS SYSTEM

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第3期99卷 239-248页

作者： BAILEY, JL The authoris an operations research analyst in the Systems Engineering Branch Aegis Ship Combat Systems Division at the Naval Surface Weapons Center (NSWC). Dr. Bailey received a B. S. degree in mathematics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1964 a Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Tennessee in 1968 and an M. S. in computer science from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in 1975. He was an assistant professor of mathematics at the University of Tennessee during the 1968-69 academic year then came to NSWC/Dahlgren in September 1969. He worked as an operations research analyst in mine warfare from 1969 to 1978 specializing in minefield planning. He headed the group which developed the minefield planning module of the Mine Warfare Trainer which was delivered to the Fleet and Mine Warfare Training Center in 1978-79. Dr. Bailey served as science advisor to the commander Mine Warfare Command in 1978-79 under the sponsorship of the Navy Science Assistance Program. In 1979-80 he led the development of military value assessment methodology for a ship survivability improvement program. In 1980 he moved to the Aegis Ship Combat Systems Division becoming leader of the Systems Performance Assessment Group in 1981. Dr. Bailey leads a group of analysts who do assessment of the predicted performance of the Aegis combat system and the effects of proposed changes to the system. Dr. Bailey has also served collateral duty as systems analysis manager for the Technical Division of the Aegis Project Office (PMS-400) in the Naval Sea Systems Command since 1981.

Performance analysis is the process of determining the predicted performance of a weapons system. It is generally used to examine predicted performance of systems in a variety of configurations and operational situations; it is accomplished through a variety of techniques, from the computation of straightforward algebraic functions to complex computer simulations. Performance analysis is necessary throughout the life-cycle of weapons systems. It is used to help determine original requirements, for conceptual and detailed design, and to support operational planning and determine upgrade requirements. The development, maintenance, and consistent application of a set of system specific performance analysis methods have enhanced the development of many weapons systems. This paper is in the form of a tutorial on the application of performance analysis techniques, using the development of the Aegis weapons system as a source of examples, and stressing the value of performance analysis methods which have been designed specifically for the Aegis system.

关键词： MILITARY EQUIPMENT

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GENERAL ARRANGEMENT DESIGN computer-SYSTEM AND METHODOLOGY .1. GENERAL ARRANGEMENT DESIGN SYSTEM

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第3期99卷 261-273页

作者： CARLSON, CM FIREMAN, H Craig M. Carlson:is a general engineer in the Computer Aided Engineering Division (SEA-507). He received his B.S. degree in naval architecture from the University of Michigan in 1970. In 1972 he was selected for the NAVSEC Hull Division's Long Term Training Program at the University of Michigan and received his M. S. E. degree in naval architecture in 1973. Additionally he has done graduate work in computer science at The Johns Hopkins University. Mr. Carlson began his career with the Naval Ship Engineering Center in 1970 where he worked in the Ship Arrangements Branch. While in ship arrangements he was task leader for the PGG PCG PHM and MCM ship designs. In addition he was project engineer for shipboard stowage ship space classification system and ship standard nomenclature. He was technical manager of the CASDAC arrangement subsystem and the CASDAC hull design system. In 1982 he joined what is now the Computer Aided Engineering Division. Currently he is the manager for the computer supported design version XX system. Besides ASNE which he joined in 1972 he is a member of SNA ME and the U.S. Naval Institute. Howard Fireman:is a naval architect in the Ship Arrangements Design Division (SEA-55W1). He received his B. S. E. degree in naval architecture from the University of Michigan in 1979. In 1983 he was selected for NavSea's Long Term Training Program at the University of Michigan and received his M. S. E. degree in naval architecture with a specialization in ship production and computer aided ship design in 1985. Mr. Fireman began his career with the Naval Ship Engineering Center in 1977 as an engineering cooperative student. Since graduating from the NavSea EIT program he has worked in the Ship Arrangements Design Division. He was task leader for the AOE-6 AE-36 T-AH ARS-SO and SWATH T-AGOS ship designs. He is technical manager of the CSD General Arrangement Design System and is currently the Hull Group CSD coordinator. Besides ASNE which he joined in 1979 he is a member of SNA ME ASE a

The ever increasing complexity of ships coupled with cost, schedule, and resource constraints require innovative methods by the Naval Sea systems Command's ship design community to meet this challenge. This paper describes the effort by the NavSea Ship Arrangement Design Division to dramatically improve its ship design capability by the use of a system of computer-based design tools called the General Arrangement Design System. The General Arrangement Design System (GADS) is based on the engineering requirements of the ship arrangement design process. GADS is currently being used as a production engineering tool. This paper is organized into two parts. Part I describes the General Arrangement Design System, and Part II describes the general arrangement design methodology.

关键词： NAVAL ARCHITECTURE

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COMBATANT PATROL BOAT TOPSIDE DESIGN

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第1期99卷 59-69页

作者： LAW, PE KUNIYOSHI, S MORGAN, TP Preston E. Law Jr:. has been head of the Topside Electromagnetics Design Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command since 1974. He began his specialized work in shipboard antenna systems design with the Navy in 1968. His prior experience includes employment as a communications systems engineer with the Defense Communications Agency in Thailand the Voice of America in Washington D.C. and the Federal Aviation Agency in Anchorage Alaska. Mr. Law is an electrical engineering graduate of the University of Maryland and a registered professional engineer in the State of Maryland. He is author of the book Shipboard Antennas numerous technical and freelance articles a Senior Member of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) member of the American Society of Naval Engineers (ASNE) Armed Forces Communications Electronics Association (AFCEA) Association of Scientists and Engineers (ASE) of NAVSEA and Tau Beta Pi and Eta Kappa Nu engineering honor societies. Seiji Kuniyoshi:is a senior project engineer in the Topside Electromagnetics Design Branch of the Naval Sea System Command where since 1980 he has been engaged in the development of topside design for auxiliary ships minecounter-measure ships and patrol boats. Previously he was associated with Ferrotic Inc. as an electronics engineer. Mr. Kuniyoshi is a graduate of George Washington University from which he received his degree of engineer in electrophysics in 1981. He also holds a M.S.E.E. degree from Northwestern University (1961). Mr. Kuniyoshi is a member of the American Society of Naval Engineers (ASNE) Armed Forces Communications Electronics Association (AFCEA) Association of Scientists and Engineers (ASE) of NAVSEA and the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). Thomas P. Morgan:has been working in the Topside Electromagnetics Design Branch of the Naval Sea Systems Command since 1984. He received his B.S. degree in electrical engineering and computer science at Marquette University just prior to accepting employm

Along with the recent development of shipboard weapon systems of substantial firepower, considerable interest has risen in the design of light-displacement, high-speed combatant patrol boats. However, there has been an incorrect notion about patrol boats; “little boats have little problems.” From topside designers' point of view, little boats have many and big problems. Because of extremely limited shipboard topside space of this type ship, severe constraints are imposed for topside designers to effectively arrange shipboard combat systems, such as radars, fire control systems and communication equipment, to fully optimize the overall system performance and to sufficiently reduce electromagnetic hazards and interference (EMI). Recently, computer-aided design techniques have been extensively utilized in combatant patrol boat topside design by making effective use of NAVSEA's topside design model (TDM), which allows for interactive design in graphically illustrated topside arrangements. Combat systems effectiveness is analyzed in terms of elevation plane optical coverages, radar line-of-sight (LOS) range detection, and omni-directional antenna range prediction. The TDM algorithm includes the cumulative amplitude probability distribution of the HF communications range for the broadband fan and tuned whip antennas. The program is extended to analysis of the radiation pattern of directive antennas showing gain reduction principally due to blockage by superstructures. Finally, a set of candidate topside arrangements are proposed to the appropriate ship acquisition and design manager as feasible options to be pursued in the preliminary design phase.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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THE DEEP-VEE HULL FORM - IMPROVES SEAKEEPING AND COMBAT SYSTEM PERFORMANCE

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NAVAL ENGINEERS JOURNAL 1987年第3期99卷 39-54页

作者： KEHOE, JW BROWER, KS SERTER, EH Captain James W. Kehoe Jr. USN (Ret.):is well known for his work in comparative naval architecture studies of U.S. and foreign warship design practices for which he received the American Society of Naval Engineer's Gold Medal for 1981 and the Legion of Merit in 1982. He received the ASNE “Jim-mie” Hamilton Award for 1983. He is currently a partner in Spectrum Associates Incorporated Arlington Virginia. Prior to his retirement in 1982 his naval career included sea duty aboard three destroyers and three aircraft carriers including command of a destroyer and engineer officer of an aircraft carrier. Kenneth Brower:is a partner in Spectrum Associates Incorporated a naval engineering firm which he founded in 1978 which is currently engaged in the design of naval ships comparative naval architecture studies and the development of ship design synthesis computer programs. A graduate in naval architecture from the University of Michigan he has contributed to the design of numerous warships and merchant ships as well as several frigate designs for foreign military sales. Mr. Brower has been the author or coauthor of numerous technical studies and articles. He received the ASNE “Jimmie” Hamilton Award for 1983. Erbil Serter:is the director of Hydro Research Systems S.A. Geneva Switzerland. He is a graduate in naval architecture from Sunderland College and the Imperial College of Science and Technology of London University in England where he earned a D. I. C. in aeronautics. Mr. Serter is a Fellow of the Royal Institution of Naval Architects and a member of the Royal Society of Aeronautics. His interest in deep-Vee hull forms began with his involvement in the early investigations of fast patrol boat design concepts. In the early 1970s he developed a 200-ton FPB design with a deep- Vee hull form called the SAR-33 fourteen of which have been built for Turkey. Since 1974 Mr. Serter has been developing deep-Vee hull form designs between 600- and 7000-tons.

A unique deep-Vee hull form has been developed and model tested in Europe for use in the design of corvette and frigate sized ships. The seakeeping performance of this new deep-Vee hull form, whose proportions are suitable for ship operations in a displacement mode at conventional speed-to-length ratios, exceeds the performance of ships with more conventional round-bilge hull forms. It promises to provide a 4,500-ton frigate with the speed, course selectivity, and combat system performance equivalent to that of larger destroyers when operating in the high latitudes of the North Atlantic, especially during the winter season. The authors describe and compare the seakeeping performance of two 4,500-ton frigates, one with a deep-Vee and the other with a round-bilge hull. They discuss the impact of differences in seakeeping performance on combat system availability. From the standpoint of incorporating a deep-Vee hull form into a ship design, certain features of a deep-Vee hull form affect ship proportions, calm water resistance, hull structure (particularly hull girder bending moments), stability, deck area, arrangements, propulsion plant configuration, light ship weights and centers of gravity, and acquisition and life cycle costs differently than a round-bilge hull form. Based on a comparative feasibility design study of two frigates of about 4,500-tons, one with a deep-Vee and the other with a round-bilge hull, the authors quantify the impact of these differences on a ship design.

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U. S. NAVAL ACADEMY'S NEW YARD PATROL CRAFT: FROM CONCEPT TO DELIVERY.

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Naval Engineers Journal 1987年第1期99卷 37-58页

作者： Compton, Roger H. Chatterton, Howard A. Hatchell, Gordon McGrath, Frank K. Roger H:. Compton is a Webb graduate who since 1966 has been a part of the naval architecture faculty at the U.S. Naval Academy. Since accepting the appointment to the Academy he has been instrumental in establishing the ABET accredited major program in naval architecture in the conceptual design and operation of the Naval Academy Hydromechanics Laboratory and in the conceptual design of the 108-ft yard patrol craft. Besides his Naval Academy involvement he serves as an adjunct professor with Virginia Polytechnic Institute in its NAVSEA Institute graduate program at Crystal City. He is an active member of both ASNE and SNAME and has published technical papers with both societies. Howard A. Chatterton:began his career as a Navy coop student at the Boston Naval Shipyard in 1960. He received his bachelor's degree in naval architecture and marine engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1966 and his master's degree in 1968. He was employed by the Preliminary Design Division of BuShips in the submarine design and hydrofoil design groups until 1972 when he joined the Coast Guard's Naval Engineering Division. He remained with the Design Branch until 1981 when he accepted a faculty position at the U.S. Naval Academy as the research director for the Academy's hydromechanics laboratory. He has recently returned to Coast Guard Headquarters as the assistant chief Naval Architecture Branch Office of Merchant Marine Safety. Gordon Hatchell:is a naval architect at the Naval Sea Combat Systems Engineering Station Norfolk Virginia in the Combatant Craft Engineering Department. He served as lead-ship YP project engineer from its inception to delivery and continues to serve as project coordinator on follow-up ship procurements. He has worked on other boat procurements as well as serving as weight and stability coordinator. Mr. Hatchell began his engineering career in the Design Division at the Norfolk Naval Shipyard in Portsmouth Virginia after receiving a BS in civil engineering from Virginia Polytec

The design of the new 108-ft yard patrol craft (YPs) for the U. S. Naval Academy is described from its beginnings as a senior midshipman design project, through its preliminary and contract design development at the U. S. Navy's small craft design team headquarters, Naval Sea Combat systems engineering Station, Norfolk, Virginia (NAVSEACOMBAT-SYSENGSTA-Norfolk). During preliminary and contract design the Naval Academy Hydromechanics Laboratory (NAHL) provided experimental data to support NAVSEA-COMBATSYSENGSTA-Norfolk's design analyses in powering, seakeeping, and maneuvering. Several tradeoff studies of interest to patrol craft designers are presented. Major events in the detail design and construction of the first boat are described from both the designer's and the shipbuilder's points of view. The launching, builder's and sea trials of the first boat are described.

关键词： NAVAL VESSELS

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