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Comparison of Taylor Galerkin and FTCS models for dam-break simulation

IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental Science 2021年第1期737卷

作者： Q Hafiyyan M B Adityawan D Harlan D K Natakusumah I Magdalena Graduate School of Civil Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Jawa Barat Indonesia Center for Coastal and Marine Development Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Jawa Barat Indonesia Study Program of Water Resouces Engineering and Management Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Jawa Barat Indonesia Study Program of Water Resources Engineering Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Jawa Barat Indonesia Industrial and Financial Mathematics Research Group Bandung Institute of Technology Bandung Jawa Barat Indonesia

The aim of this paper is to compare the ability of two numerical models to simulate two-dimensional dam-break flows. Dam-break modelling is important in reducing the high-risk of dam failure by determining the water flow movement and its effect on buildings downstream. In this study, the Taylor Galerkin and Forward Time Central Space method is presented to simulate 2-D dam-break flow. The Hansen filter is applied to both methods to reduce numerical instability oscillations in the model. The filters were used for each time step at each computing point. The model is verified by comparing the result simulation with numerical results from previous studies. The result show that Taylor Galerkin numerical scheme with Hansen filter is successful to simulate the problem of 2-D dam-break. Also, the Taylor Galerkin model has better results than the FTCS model. Studies like this are needed for mitigation efforts in the event of dam failure.

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Author Correction: Global water resources and the role of groundwater in a resilient water future

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Nature Reviews Earth & Environment 2023年 351页

作者： Bridget R. Scanlon Sarah Fakhreddine Ashraf Rateb Robert C. Reedy Alex Sun Inge de Graaf Jay Famiglietti Tom Gleeson R. Quentin Grafton Esteban Jobbagy Seifu Kebede Seshagiri Rao Kolusu Leonard F. Konikow Di Long Mesfin Mekonnen Hannes Müller Schmied Abhijit Mukherjee Alan MacDonald Mohammad Shamsudduha Craig T. Simmons Richard G. Taylor Karen G. Villholth Charles J. Vörösmarty Chunmiao Zheng Bureau of Economic Geology Jackson School of Geosciences University of Texas at Austin Austin TX USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA USA Water Systems and Global Change Wageningen University Wageningen The Netherlands Global Institute for Water Security National Hydrology Research Center University of Saskatchewan Saskatoon Canada Department of Civil Engineering University of Victoria Victoria British Columbia Canada Crawford School of Public Policy Australian National University Canberra ACT Australia Grupo de Estudios Ambientales IMASL CONICET Universidad Nacional de San Luis San Luis Argentina Center for Water Resources Research School of Agricultural Earth and Environmental Sciences University of KwaZulu Natal Durban South Africa UK Meteorological Office Exeter UK Leonard Konikow Hydrogeologist Reston VA USA Department of Hydraulic Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China Department of Civil Construction and Environmental Engineering University of Alabama Tuscaloosa AL USA Institute of Physical Geography Goethe University Frankfurt Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt Germany Senckenberg Leibniz Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (SBiK-F) Frankfurt am Main Frankfurt Germany School of Environmental Science and Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur Kharagpur India British Geological Survey Lyell Centre Edinburgh UK Institute for Risk and Disaster Reduction University College London London UK National Centre for Groundwater Research and Training (NCGRT) College of Science and Engineering Flinders University Adelaide South Australia Australia Department of Geography University College London London UK Water Cycle Innovation Ltd Johannesburg Gauten South Africa Environmental Sciences Initiative Advanced Science Research Center at the CUNY Graduate Center New York NY USA School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology

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Global trends and biases in biodiversity conservation research

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Cell Reports Sustainability 2024年第5期1卷

作者： Caldwell, Iain R. Hobbs, Jean-Paul A. Bowen, Brian W. Cowman, Peter F. DiBattista, Joseph D. Whitney, Jon L. Ahti, Pauliina A. Belderok, Roy Canfield, Sean Coleman, Richard R. Iacchei, Matthew Johnston, Erika C. Knapp, Ingrid Nalley, Eileen M. Staeudle, Timo M. Láruson, Áki Jarl College of Arts Society and Education James Cook University 1 James Cook Drive Douglas 4811 QLD Australia School of Biological Sciences The University of Queensland Brisbane 4069 QLD Australia Hawaiʻi Institute of Marine Biology University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa Kāne‘ohe 96744 HI United States Biodiversity and Geosciences Program Queensland Museum Tropics Townsville 4810 QLD Australia College of Science and Engineering James Cook University Townsville 4811 QLD Australia Australian Museum Research Institute Australian Museum Sydney 2010 NSW Australia National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Pacific Islands Fisheries Science Center Honolulu 96818 HI United States Division of Integrated Science and Engineering California Department of Water Resources Sacramento 95814 CA United States Department of Marine Biology and Ecology Rosenstiel School of Marine Atmospheric and Earth Science University of Miami Miami 33149 FL United States College of Natural and Computational Sciences Hawaiʻi Pacific University Makapuʻu Campus 41-202 Kalanianaʻole Hwy Waimānalo 96795 HI United States University of Hawaiʻi Sea Grant College Program University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa Honolulu 96822 HI United States Aquaculture and Fisheries Group Wageningen University & Research Wageningen 6708 Netherlands Institute of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Iceland Reykjavík 102 Iceland Marine and Freshwater Research Institute Hafnarfjörður 200 Iceland

Efforts to conserve biodiversity have been hampered by long-standing biases, including a disproportionate focus on particular taxa and ecosystems with minimal attention to underlying genetic diversity. We assessed whether these biases have persisted over the past four decades by analyzing trends in 17,502 research articles published in four top conservation-focused journals. Overall, we found that historical biases in conservation biology research remain entrenched. Despite increasing numbers of conservation articles published each decade from 1980 to 2020, research effort has increasingly focused on the same suite of taxa. Surprisingly, some of the most-studied species in these conservation articles had low conservation risk, including several domesticated animals. Animals and terrestrial ecosystems are consistently over-represented while plants, fungi, and freshwater ecosystems remain under-represented. Strategically funding investigations of understudied species and ecosystems will ensure more effective conservation effort across multiple levels of biodiversity, alleviate impediments to biodiversity targets, and ultimately prevent further extinctions. © 2024 The Author(s)

关键词： bibliometry biodiversity conservation GBIF historical trends IUCN research bias threatened species

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Analysis of Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) Content in Sediments and Faunus ater at Bale Lhoknga Aceh Besar District 1

Analysis of Lead (Pb) and Zinc (Zn) Content in Sediments and...

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1st International Conference on Education, Science and Technology, ICON-EST 2018

作者： Agustina, Rahmi Sarong, M. Ali Yulianda, Fredinan Suhendrayatna Rahmadi Lelifajri Graduate School of Mathematics and Applied Sciences Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Departement of Biology Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Jabal Ghafur University Sigli24171 Indonesia Departement of Biology Faculty of Teacher Training and Education Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Departement of Water Resources Management Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Bogor Agricultural University Bogor16680 Indonesia Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of Engineering Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Science Post Graduate Program Syiah Kuala University Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia Department of Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Sci. Post Graduate Program Syiah Kuala Univ. Banda Aceh23111 Indonesia

Faunus ater is a favoritemollusca that is often found on the Bale River. Local people use these snails as food for consumption along with their main food. Bale River itself is located adjacent to the cement factory, used water washing machines distributed to the river is feared to support the presence of lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) metals in the river. This study aims to analyze the relationship of Pb and Zn content in sediments to the content of Pb and Zn in Faunus ater. Data collection was carried out in Februari until April 2018. The relationship between Pb and Zn content in sediments with Pb and Zn content in the body of Faunus ater was analyzed by correlation analysis. The results of the data analysis showed that the metal content of Pb and Zn in sediment and Faunus aterwere found to vary. The highest Pb content in sediment was found at station 2 in March, amounting to 32.87 mg / kg. while the highest Zn content was found at station 1 in March amounting to 84 mg / kg. The relationship of heavy metals Pb and Zn in sediments to the content of Pb and Zn in the body of Faunus ater showed a negative correlation. The conclusion of this study is that there is no correlation between the content of Pb and Zn heavy metals in sediments on the content of lead Pb and Zn in the body of Faunus ater at the Bale Lhoknga River in Aceh Besar District. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.

关键词： Rivers

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Assessing progress towards sustainable development over space and time (vol 577, pg 74, 2020)

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NATURE 2021年第7856期592卷 E28-E28页

作者： Xu, Zhenci Chau, Sophia N. Chen, Xiuzhi Zhang, Jian Li, Yingjie Dietz, Thomas Wang, Jinyan Winkler, Julie A. Fan, Fan Huang, Baorong Li, Shuxin Wu, Shaohua Herzberger, Anna Tang, Ying Hong, Dequ Li, Yunkai Liu, Jianguo Center for Systems Integration and Sustainability Department of Fisheries and Wildlife Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Environmental Science and Policy Program Department of Sociology and Animal Studies Program Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA Department of Geography Environment and Spatial Sciences Michigan State University East Lansing MI USA College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing China School of Life Sciences State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems Lanzhou University Lanzhou China School of Economics Renmin University of China Beijing China Institutes of Science and Development Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China Institute of Land and Urban-Rural Development Zhejiang University of Finance and Economics Hangzhou China Department of Humanities and Information Zhejiang College of Construction Hangzhou China

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Author Correction: Arctic food and energy security at the crossroads

Communications Earth & Environment

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Communications Earth & Environment 2025年第1期6卷 1页

作者： Adrian Unc Majdi R. Abou Najm Paul Eric Aspholm Tirupati Bolisetti Colleen Charles Ranjan Datta Trine Eggen Belinda Flem Getu Hailu Meriam Karlsson Arthur Nash Eldbjørg Sofie Heimstad Margot Hurlbert Marius Korsnes Govert Valkenburg David Parsons Radha Sivarajan Sajeevan Narasinha Shurpali Danielle Wilde Bing Wu Sandra F. Yanni Debasmita Misra Memorial University of Newfoundland School of Science and the Environment Corner Brook NL Canada McGill University Department of Natural Resource Sciences Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue QC Canada University of California-Davis Department of Land Air and Water Resources Davis CA USA Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research Division of Environment and Natural Resources Ecosystems in the Barents region Svanvik Norway University of Windsor Civil & Environmental Engineering Windsor ON Canada First Nations University of Canada Indigenous Studies Faculty Northern Campus Prince Albert SK Canada Mount Royal University Department of Humanities Calgary AB Canada Soil and Land Use Ås Norway Geological Survey of Norway Trondheim Norway University of Alaska Anchorage Department of Mechanical Engineering Anchorage AK USA NILU The Fram Centre Tromsø Norway University of Regina Johnson-Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy Regina SK Canada Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Interdisciplinary Studies of Culture Faculty of Humanities Trondheim Norway Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Crop Production Ecology Umeå Sweden Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Department of Plant Protection Biology Lomma Sweden Natural Resources Institute Finland Maaninka Finland The Arctic Six Chair of Arctic Food Citizenship (2024-2026) Umeå University Umeå Institute of Design Umeå Sweden The University of Southern Denmark FoodLab Department Business and Sustainability Kolding Denmark University of Iceland Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Reykjavik Iceland Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada Ottawa Research and Development Centre Ottawa ON Canada University of Alaska Fairbanks Department of Civil Geological and Environmental Engineering College of Engineering and Mines Fairbanks AK USA

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Optimization of operating parameters for xylose reductase separation through ultrafiltration membrane using response surface methodology

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Biotechnology Reports 2020年 27卷 e00498页

作者： Krishnan, Santhana Suzana, B. Noor Wahid, Zularisam Abdul Nasrullah, Mohd Abdul Munaim, Mimi Sakinah Din, Mohd Fadhil Bin MD Taib, Shazwin Mat Li, Yu You Center of Environmental Sustainability and Water Security (IPASA) Research Institute of Sustainable Environment (RISE) School of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) Johor Bahru 81310 Malaysia Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Natural Resources Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak Kuantan Pahang 26300 Malaysia Faculty of Civil Engineering Technology Universiti Malaysia Pahang Lebuhraya Tun Razak Kuantan 26300 Pahang Malaysia Center for Coastal and Ocean Engineering Research Institute for Sustainable Environment Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Jalan Sultan Yahya Petra Kuala Lumpur 54100 Malaysia Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of Engineering Tohoku University Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8579 Japan

The application of the xylose reductase (XR) enzyme in the development of biotechnology demands an efficient and large scale enzyme separation technique. The aim of this present work was to optimize xylose reductase (XR) purification process through ultrafiltration membrane (UF) technology using Central composite design (CCD) of response surface methods (RSM). The three effective parameters analyzed were filtration time (0–100), transmembrane pressure (TMP) (1–1.6 bar), cross flow velocity (CFV) (0.52–1.2 cm/s⁻¹) and its combined effect to obtain high flux with less possibility of membrane fouling. Experimental studies revealed that the best range for optimization process for filtration time, operational transmembrane pressure and cross flow velocity was 30 min, 1.4 bars and 1.06 cm/s, respectively as these conditions yielded the highest membrane permeability (56.03 Lm^-2h-¹ bar⁻¹) and xylitol content (15.49 g/l). According to the analysis of variance (ANOVA), the p-value (<0.0001) indicated the designed model was highly significant. The error percentage between the actual and predicted value for membrane permeability and xylitol amount (2.21 % and 4.85 % respectively), which both were found to be close to the predicted values. The verification experiments gave membrane actual permeability of 57.3 Lm^-2h-¹ bar⁻¹ and 16.29 g/l of xylitol production, thus indicating that the successfully developed model to predict the response. © 2020

关键词： Central composite design (CCD) Cross flow technique Ultrafiltration (UF) Xylose reductase (XR)

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The Influence of Microbiology on Soil Aggregation Stability

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IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and engineering 2020年第1期870卷

作者： Z E Hashim L A Alzubaidi A T Al-Madhhachi Graduate Student Department of Environmental Engineering College of Engineering Mustansiriyah University. Baghdad – Iraq Assistance Professor Department of Environmental Engineering Mustansiriyah University Baghdad Iraq Corresponding Author and Associate Professor Department of Water Resources Engineering College of Engineering Mustansiriyah University Baghdad 10047 Iraq

In the present study, this work investigated the effects of bacteria (Bacillus sp.) decay and biological aggregating factors (organic matter, microbial calcium carbonate precipitation) at various steps on soil aggregate stability. Experiments carried out at different cultivation time 2, 5, and 8 weeks. The soil samples were compared the control (pure soil) versus soil treated with bacteria. The results showed that bacterial activity played an essential function in the macro-aggregate foundation. Nevertheless, the influence of organic matter (OM) on soil aggregate stability was important, which might be related to the microbial activity of bacteria to decay the organic material to an organic mineral that is connected with soil particles to form stable micro-aggregates. The CaCO3 is one of the most stable bonding agencies in nature as it is called natural cement, The soil aggregates stability increased as calcium carbonate increased. No change of soil pH levels observed due to microbial reactions with soil. Hence, the appropriate pH was 7.5. In addition, the higher pH decreases enzymatic activity and carbonate tends to dissolve at pH levels are very low. This study affords the helpful of soil stabilization in the presence of natural cementation of bacteria in contrast with the previous studies.

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Rapid Hydropower Potential Assessment for Remote Area by using Global Data

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IOP Conference Series: Earth and environmental Science 2021年第1期813卷

作者： Mohammad Farid Akbar Rizaldi Aqsha Prahitna Muhammad Syahril Badri Kusuma Arno Adi Kuntoro Hadi Kardhana Water Resources Engineering Research Group Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Center for Coastal and Marine Development Institute for Research and Community Services Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Master Program of Civil Engineering Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia Center for Water Resources Development Institute for Research and Community Services Institut Teknologi Bandung Jalan Ganesha No.10 Bandung 40132 Indonesia

Indonesia currently is facing an energy crisis due to depletion of oil reserves and rapid growth in conventional energy consumption. The declining fossil energy potential especially oil and gas has encouraged the government to put new renewable energy (NRE) as the main priority to maintain energy security for national supply in the future. NRE in Indonesia is generated from bioenergy power, hydro power, solar power, tidal power, wind power, and potential. However, NRE utilization in Indonesia is only about 11% from the total potential. This study assesses the hydropower production capacity of Ayung River Basin, the biggest Basin in Province of Bali. The assessment is carried out by utilizing global data that can be easily accessed. It was found that there are several potential mini-hydropower locations around the Ayung River Basin, with the biggest potential is around 2 MW.

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INTRODUCTION

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Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 2024年第8期105卷 S1-S11页

作者： Boyer, T. Blunden, J. Dunn, R.J.H. NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Silver Spring Maryland NOAA/NESDIS National Centers for Environmental Information Asheville North Carolina Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter United Kingdom European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Reading United Kingdom University of Maryland College Park Maryland Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California San Diego La Jolla California NOAA/NWS National Centers for Environmental Prediction Climate Prediction Center College Park Maryland Brandenburg University of Technology (BTU) Cottbus-Senftenberg Germany Servicio Meteorológico Nacional Buenos Aires Argentina NOAA/OAR Physical Sciences Laboratory Boulder Colorado European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts Bonn Germany Center for Geophysical Research and School of Physics University of Costa Rica San José Costa Rica Department of Meteorology and National Centre for Earth Observation University of Reading Reading United Kingdom Centro Nacional de Monitoramento e Alertas de Desastres Naturais CEMADEN São Paulo Brazil Université Grenoble Alpes Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement IRD CNRS Grenoble INP Grenoble France Hampton University Hampton Virginia Seychelles Meteorological Authority Mahe Seychelles Section for Glaciers Ice and Snow Norwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate Oslo Norway National Research Institute for Agriculture Food and Environment (INRAE) CARRTEL Université Savoie Mont Blanc Thonon les Bains France Graduate School of Agriculture Osaka Metropolitan University Sakai Japan Science Faculty Universidad Nacional de Colombia Bogotá Colombia University of Bremen Bremen Germany NOAA Global Monitoring Laboratory Boulder Colorado Servicio Nacional de Meteorología e Hidrología del Perú Lima Perú Centro de Investigaciones sobre Desertificación – Spanish National Research Council (CSIC-UV-GVA) Valencia Spain Hydro-Climate Extremes Lab (H-CEL) Ghent University Ghent Belgium Department o

In 2023, La Niña conditions that generally prevailed in the eastern Pacific Ocean from mid-2020 into early 2023 gave way to a strong El Niño by October. Atmospheric concentrations of Earth’s major greenhouse gases—carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide—all increased to record-high levels. The annual global average carbon dioxide concentration in the atmosphere rose to 419.3±0.1 ppm, which is 50% greater than the pre-industrial level. The growth from 2022 to 2023 was 2.8 ppm, the fourth highest in the record since the 1960s. The combined short-term effects of El Niño and the long-term effects of increasing levels of heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere contributed to new records for many essential climate variables reported here. The annual global temperature across land and oceans was the highest in records dating as far back as 1850, with the last seven months (June–December) having each been record warm. Over land, the globally averaged temperature was also record high. Dozens of countries reported record or near-record warmth for the year, including China and continental Europe as a whole (warmest on record), India and Russia (second warmest), and Canada (third warmest). Intense and widespread heatwaves were reported around the world. In Vietnam, an all-time national maximum temperature record of 44.2°C was observed at Tuong Duong on 7 May, surpassing the previous record of 43.4°C at Huong Khe on 20 April 2019. In Brazil, the air temperature reached 44.8°C in Araçuaí in Minas Gerais on 20 November, potentially a new national record and 12.8°C above normal. The effect of rising temperatures was apparent in the cryosphere, where snow cover extent by June 2023 was the smallest in the 56-year record for North America and seventh smallest for the Northern Hemisphere overall. Heatwaves contributed to the greatest average mass balance loss for Alpine glaciers around the world since the start of the record in 1970. Due to rapid volume loss beginning in 2021, St. A

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