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Unveiling the mechanisms of Fe(Ⅲ)-loaded chitosan composite(CTS-Fe)in enhancing anaerobic digestion of waste activated sludge

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2024年第4期138卷 200-211页

作者： Boaiqi Zhang Ziwen Zhao RuiMa Nan Chen Zhe Kong Zhongfang Lei Zhenya Zhang Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba1-1-1 TennodaiTsukubaIbaraki 305-8572Japan The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences Ministry of Education/State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems/College of Environmental Sciences and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China South China Institute of Environmental Sciences Ministry of Ecology and EnvironmentGuangzhou 510345China School of Water Resources and Environment China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Suzhou University of Science and TechnologySuzhou 215009China

Anaerobic digestion(AD)of waste activated sludge(WAS)is usually limited by the low generation efficiency of ***(Ⅲ)-loaded chitosan composite(CTS-Fe)have been reported to effectively enhanced the digestion of WAS,but its role in promoting anaerobic sludge digestion remains *** present study,the effects of CTS-Fe on the hydrolysis and methanogenesis stages of WAS anaerobic digestion were *** addition of CTSFe increased methane production potential by 8%-23%under the tested conditions with the addition of 5-20 g/L ***,the results demonstrate that the addition of CTS-Fe could effectively promote the hydrolysis of WAS,evidenced by lower protein or polysaccharides concentration,higher soluble organic carbon in rector adding CTS-Fe,as well as the increased activity of extracellular hydrolase with higher CTS-Fe ***,the enrichment of Clostridia abundance(iron-reducing bacteria(IRBs))was observed in CTS-Fe adding reactor(8.9%-13.8%),which was higher than that in the control reactor(7.9%).The observation further suggesting the acceleration of hydrolysis through dissimilatory iron reduction(DIR)process,thus providing abundant substrates for ***,the presence of CTS-Fe was inhibited the acetoclastic and hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis process,which could be ascribed to the Fe(Ⅲ)act as electron acceptor coupled to methane for anaerobic ***,coenzyme F420 activity in the CTS-Fe added reactor was 34.9% lower than in the blank,also abundance of microorganisms involved in hydrogenotrophic methanogenesis was *** from this study could provide theoretical support for the practical applications of CTS-Fe.

关键词： Chitosan-Fe(Ⅲ)composite Methanogenesis Dissimilatory iron reduction Enzyme activity Microbial community structure

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A NUMERICAL-MODEL STUDY OF GROUNDwater CONTAMINATION FROM PRICES LANDFILL, NEW-JERSEY .2. SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS AND CONTAMINANT PLUME SIMULATION

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GROUND water 1983年第1期21卷 15-21页

作者： GRAY, WG HOFFMAN, JL Water Resources Program Department of Civil Engineering Princeton University Princeton New Jersey 08544. (Jeffrey L. Hoffman is currently with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Trenton New Jersey.).

A numerical model of flow and transport in the vicinity of Price's Landfill and the Atlantic City public water-supply wells is used to estimate the extent of the existing contamination problem. Model parameters such as boundary conditions, pumping rates, permeability, and dispersivity are varied to demonstrate the sensitivity of the model to these quantities. A historical simulation of the past ten years of contamination is obtained and two schemes for remediation of the contamination problem are compared. In the light of this work, additional data requirements are revealed.

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Enhanced nitrogen removal from low strength anaerobic membrane bioreactor(AnMBR)permeate using complete nitrification and partial denitrification-anammox processes

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Frontiers of environmental Science & engineering 2024年第12期18卷 153-166页

作者： Jingwei Fu Zhaoyang Hou Hexiang Zhao Qian Li Rong Chen Yu-You Li Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Shaanxi ProvinceXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Hualu Engineering&Technology Co. Ltd.Xi’an 710000China International Science&Technology Cooperation Center for Urban Alternative Water Resources Development Key Laboratory of Northwest Water ResourceEnvironment and EcologyMOEXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Graduate School of EngineeringTohoku UniversitySendai Miyagi 980-8579Japan

In this study,an anaerobic membrane bioreactor coupled with a complete nitrification and partial denitrification-anammox process(AnMBR-NF-PDA)was developed to efficiently remove both chemical oxygen demand(COD)and *** control of raw water ratios was utilized to adjust the ratio of COD/NO_(3)^(-)-N,resulting in maximum nitrogen removal efficiency of 90.14% at a ratio of ***,specific anammox activity(SAA)increased with the proportion of raw water,peaking at 17.83 mg-N/(g-VSS∙d)in stage Ⅱ before *** variation was attributed to the significant presence of filamentous bacteria,especially“Acinetobacter”(13.58%-31.59%),which facilitated nitrite generation,supporting the nitrous oxide hypothesis in partial denitrification processes and enabling cross-feeding with ***,the average particle size of granular sludge increased from 300 to 528μm under the influence of filamentous *** analysis revealed an upsurge in genes associated with partial denitrification(NarG and NapA)as the COD/NO_(3)-N ratio *** abundance of genes closely correlated with anammox(Hzs and Hdh)peaked during stage Ⅱ,indicating the beneficial role of filamentous bacteria in the stable conversion of nitrite in PDA *** study offers valuable insights into optimizing the synergistic metabolism and granulation processes involving filamentous bacteria and AnAOB,thereby laying the groundwork for the practical application of AnMBR coupled with anammox processes in wastewater treatment.

关键词： Anammox Anaerobic membrane bioreactor COD/NO_(3)^(-)-N Filamentous bacteria

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Characterization and Modification of a Clay Mineral Used in Adsorption Tests

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Journal of Minerals and Materials Characterization and engineering 2015年第4期3卷 277-288页

作者： Natália Costa Dias Patrícia Arns Steiner Maria Cristina Borba Braga Water Resources and Environmental Engineering Post-Graduate Program Department of Hydraulics and Sani-tation Parana Federal University Curitiba Brazil

Clay minerals are widespread in natural systems and have been widely used for the removal of pollutants. In this study, natural expanded vermiculite was used in adsorption tests to remove ammonium nitrogen from landfill leachate. The modification of vermiculite was carried out using NaOH and HCl, and for both modifications the best concentration was 0.1 mol/L. The results produced by XRD (X-ray diffraction) showed that Al replaced K after modification of the vermiculite using HCl and that Mg and Na replaced K after modification using NaOH. It was observed that the adsorption capacity increased as the percentage in mass of K diminished. The Langmuir is the isotherm that presents the best fit of the data, and the values of RL (the Langmuir coefficient) suggest that the adsorption is linear. The thermodynamic parameters indicate that the process is spontaneous and endothermic, that there is a high affinity between the adsorbate and the adsorbent, and that physical adsorption is prevalent.

关键词： Adsorption Isotherms Adsorption Thermodynamics Clay Minerals Expanded Vermiculite Landfill Leachate Vermiculite

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Efficiency of H₂O₂ and O₂ in supercritical water oxidation of 2,4-dichlorophenol and acetic acid

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The Journal of Supercritical Fluids 1990年第4期3卷 249-255页

作者： Lee, Dong-Soo Gloyna, Earnest F. Li, Lixiong Environmental and Water Resources Engineering Program The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78712 United States Environmental Health Engineering and Separation Research Programs Center for Energy Studies The University of Texas at Austin Austin TX 78758 United States

The efficiencies of hydrogen peroxide and oxygen as oxidants for the destruction of acetic acid and 2,4-dichlorophenol were compared under supercritical water conditions using a batch reactor system. The effects of temperature, water density, and oxidant concentration on the destruction of both compounds were studied. Diluted oxygen (21% O₂ and 79% N₂) and premixed hydrogen peroxide (32 % aqueous solution) were used as the oxidants. The reaction temperatures were 400, 450, and 500°C. water densities were fixed at 0.15 g/mL and 0.35 g/mL. The destruction efficiency of hydrogen peroxide was significantly higher than that of oxygen. For acetic acid, the highest conversion of 97.7% was achieved with hydrogen peroxide at 500°C for a reaction time of 10 min. while 64.3% conversion was achieved with oxygen at the same temperature but for a reaction time of 30 min. For 2,4-dichlorophenol, conversions higher than 99.995% were obtained with hydrogen peroxide at 450°C for a reaction time of 2 min as compared to 87.6% conversion with oxygen at 500°C for the same reaction time. The change in supercritical water density from 0.15 g/mL to 0.35 g/mL at 400°C only slightly increased the conversion of both compounds. The conversion of acetic acid was enhanced by 10% at 450°C as hydrogen peroxide supply was increased from 100 to 200% of stoichiometric demand. However, concentration of hydrogen peroxide higher than 300% of stoichiometric demand did not yield higher conversions of acetic acid. The effect of excess oxygen was not conclusive. © 1990 PRA Press, Polymer Research Associates, Inc.

关键词： 2 4-dichlorophenol acetic acid hydrogen peroxide oxygen supercritical water oxidation

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A Study on Cyclone Aila Recovery in Koyra, Bangladesh:Evaluating the Inclusiveness of Recovery with Respect to Predisaster Vulnerability Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2018年第1期9卷 28-43页

作者： Md.Shibly Sadik Hajime Nakagawa Rezaur Rahman Rajib Shaw Kenji Kawaike Kumiko Fujita Department of Civil and Earth Resources Engineering Kyoto University Center for Environmental and Geographic Information Services (CEGIS) Disaster Prevention Research Institute (DPRI) Kyoto University Institute of Water and Flood Management Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Graduate School of Media and Governance Shonan Fujisawa Campus (SFC) Keio University

The need to consider disaster risk reduction at the time of recovery is well-recognized. Viable disaster risk reduction measures should resolve the root causes of predisaster vulnerabilities. Accordingly, we investigated the recovery from the impact of Cyclone Aila in Koyra Upazila, Bangladesh, which was severely damaged by this2009 cyclone. Our research focused on understanding preAila vulnerabilities to cyclone impact and examined the degree of inclusion of vulnerability reduction measures within the recovery process. A composite methodology that included an institutional survey, key informant interviews,collection of the judgment of experts, focus group discussions, and a score-based quantification technique was adopted. Through a process of understanding pre-Aila vulnerabilities, recognition of the root causes of these inherent weaknesses, and identification of appropriate measures for pre-Aila vulnerability reduction, a set of 23 indicators were selected to represent the most desirable vulnerability reduction measures to implement duringrecovery. A score-based technique was applied to measure the degree of inclusion of vulnerability reduction within the recovery with respect to the indicators. The scoring result shows that the degree of inclusion of vulnerability reduction within the recovery was poor. The result specifies that among the 23 indicators of potential vulnerability reduction measures, 10 are completely missing and the rest are only partially included. The overall findings imply that the Koyra community continues to live with a vulnerability similar to that of the pre-Aila period.

关键词： Bangladesh Cyclone Aila Diagnostic analysis Disaster risk reduction Post-disaster reconstruction

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Scale Problems in Hydrology 1

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丛书名： water Science and Technology Library

1000年

作者： V. K. Gupta I. Rodríguez-Iturbe E. F. Wood

ISBN: (数字)9789400946781

ISBN: (纸本)9789027722584;9789401085793

A special workshop on scale problems in hydrology was held at Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey, during October 31-November 3, 1984. This workshop was the second in a series on this general topic. The proceedings of the first workshop, held in Caracas, Venezuela, in January 1982, appeared in the Journal of Hydrology (Volume 65:1/3, 1983). This book contains the papers presented at the second workshop. The scale problems in hydrology and other geophysical sciences stem from the recognition that the mathematical relationships describing a physical phenomenon are mostly scale dependent in the sense that different relationships manifest at different space-time scales. The broad scientific problem then is to identify and for mulate suitable relationships at the scales of practical interest, test them experimen tally and seek consistent analytical connections between these relationships and those known at other scales. For example, the current hydrologic theories of evaporation, infiltration, subsurface water transport and water sediment transport overland and in channels etc. derive mostly from laboratory experiments and therefore generally apply at "small" space-time scales. A rigorous extrapolation of these theories to large spatial and temporal basin scales, as mandated by practical considerations, appears very difficult. Consequently, analytical formulations of suitable hydrologic theories at basin wide space-time scales and their experimental verification is currently being perceived to be an exciting and challenging area of scientific research in hydrology. In order to successfully meet these challenges in the future, this series of workshops was initiated.

关键词： Hydrogeology

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A mechanistic study of ciprofloxacin adsorption by goethite in the presence of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2022年第8期34卷 46-56页

作者： Jie Tang Yun Wang Qiang Xue Fei Liu Kenneth CCarroll Xiaohua Lu Taogeng Zhou Dengjun Wang MOE Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering School of Water Resources and EnvironmentChina University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Water Science and Management Program New Mexico State UniversityMSC 3QUSA Plant&Environmental Science New Mexico State UniversityLas CrucesNM 88003USA National Institute of Metrology Beijing 100022China Beijing Institute of Technology Beijing 100081China School of Fisheries Aquaculture and Aquatic SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

The adsorption behaviors of ciprofloxacin(CIP),a fluoroquinolone antibiotic,onto goethite(Gt)in the presence of silver and titanium dioxide nanoparticles(AgNPs and TiO_(2)NPs)were *** showed that CIP adsorption kinetics in Gt with or without NPs both followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic *** presence of AgNPs or TiO_(2)NPs inhibited the adsorption of CIP by *** amount of inhibition of CIP sorption due to AgNPs was decreased with an increase of solution pH from 5.0 to *** contrast,in the presence of TiO_(2)NPs,CIP adsorption by Gt was almost unchanged at pHs of 5.0∼6.5 but was decreased with an increase of pH from 6.5 to *** mechanisms of AgNPs and TiO_(2)NPs in inhibiting CIP adsorption by Gt were different,which was attributed to citrate coating of AgNPs resulting in competition with CIP for adsorption sites on Gt,while TiO_(2)NPs could compete with Gt for CIP ***,CIP was adsorbed by Gt or TiO_(2)NPs through a tridentate complex involving the bidentate inner-sphere coordination of the deprotonated carboxylic group and hydrogen bonding through the adjacent carbonyl group on the quinoline *** findings advance our understanding of the environmental behavior and fate of fluoroquinolone antibiotics in the presence of NPs.

关键词： Ciprofloxacin Goethite Silver nanoparticles Titanium dioxide nanoparticles Adsorption

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Use of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria enriched from sewage sludge to biologically remove H2S from biogas at an industrial-scale biogas plant

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Bioresource Technology Reports 2018年 3卷 43-50页

作者： Cheng, Yanfei Yuan, Tian Deng, Yang Lin, Cong Zhou, Jianhua Lei, Zhongfang Shimizu, Kazuya Zhang, Zhenya College of Water Resources and Civil Engineering China Agricultural University Beijing100083 China Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Tsukuba 1-1-1 Tennodai Tsukuba Ibaraki305-8572 Japan Beijing Yingherui Environmental Technology Co. Ltd Beijing100043 China

Anaerobic digestion has been widely used for organic waste and wastewater treatment to produce renewable energy, especially biogas. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) being harmful to human beings and the environment is one of the highly toxic compounds in the biogas. For the sake of health and safety, removal of H2S from biogas is necessary before further utilization. In this study, sewage sludge was used to enrich sulfur-oxidizing bacteria (SOB) quickly under weak alkaline condition (pH = 7.5–8.2) in the laboratory and then applied in an industrial-scale desulfurization system. The SOB was successfully enriched in the system within 10 days by addition of Na2S. The optimal dissolved oxygen (DO) for producing elemental surfer (S0) in the regeneration tank was 0.8–1.2 mg/L. The performance shows that the outlet H2S concentration could be reduced to the safety limit of 200 ppm after 2 months’ operation, achieving a stable H2S removal up to 95%. © 2018

关键词： Biogas

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Performance evaluation of small and medium scale water development schemes 31

Performance evaluation of small and medium scale water devel...

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31st IAHR Congress 2005: water engineering for the Future, Choices and Challenges

作者： Faisal Anwar, H.M. Mukherjee, Nandan Department of Water Resources Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka1000 Bangladesh Div. of Environmental Engineering and Architecture Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya University Furo-cho Chikusa-ku Nagoya464-8601 Japan

ISBN: (纸本)8987898245

In this study, performances of four small-scale and one medium scale water development schemes in Bangladesh were evaluated considering the technical, agricultural, socio-economical, institutional and environmental aspects. The important performance indicators were derived from qualitative analyses include: (i) Multi Actor Analysis (ii) Causal Relation Analysis and (iii) Multi Criteria Analysis. This qualitative analysis was performed because it provided a practical view for the selection of the indicators where all the actors were integrated those are involved in the development and management of a water scheme. The selected indicators are: (i) impact of flooding, (ii) living standards, (iii) crop production, (iv) income, (v) participation, (vi) cultivable land and (vii) problem of drainage and water logging. Results revealed that the small scale schemes performed better than the medium scale scheme to some extent but their overall performances were not satisfactory because of improper system maintenance and lack of beneficiary participation. However, the performance of existing FCDI schemes can be significantly improved by ensuring stakeholders participation in the system management. © 31st IAHR Congress 2005: water engineering for the Future, Choices and Challenges. All Rights Reserved.

关键词： Cultivation

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