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CBAR-UNet: A novel methodology for segmentation of cardiac magnetic resonance images using block attention-based deep residual neural network

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2024年第37期83卷 85047-85063页

作者： Kumar, Rakesh Gupta, Meenu Agarwal, Aman Nayyar, Anand Department of Computer Science and Engineering Chandigarh University Punjab140413 India Graduate School Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan University Da Nang550000 Viet Nam

computer-aided Medical Image Segmentation (MIS) plays a leading role in diagnosing diseases automatically. MIS is used extensively in diagnosing medical ailments to obtain clinically relevant information of the shapes and volumes of the target organs and tissues. In order to facilitate accurate segmentation, a Block Attention Based Deep Residual Neural Network, i.e., CBAR-UNet model, is proposed to perform cardiac image segmentation on short axis Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) stacks from top to bottom slice. The Automated Cardiac Diagnosis Challenge (ACDC) dataset is used in the proposed work, which comprise of a 3D MRI of 100 patients (i.e., 200 MRI stacks). Further, 3D MRIs are converted into 2D by slicing each image to train the model, and Contrast Limited Adaptive Histogram Equalization (CLAHE) is performed on the 2D dataset. Residual connections are introduced that aid in training deeper models. Convolutional Block Attention Module (CBAM) is also added in the proposed network, which consists of Spatial and Channel attention that enhances the spatial and channel-wise features in the image by providing information like ‘what’ and ‘where’ to pay attention respectively. To test and validate the proposed methodology, extensive experimentations were conducted and it was observed that proposed image segmentation model delivers better results by 2.47% when compared to both 2D and 3D State-Of-The-Art (SOTA) methods with a Dice Score of 0.9428. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Image segmentation

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An Investigation on Open-RAN Specifications:Use Cases,Security Threats,Requirements,Discussions

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computer Modeling in Engineering & sciences 2024年第10期141卷 13-41页

作者： Heejae Park Tri-HaiNguyen Laihyuk Park Department of Computer Science and Engineering Seoul National University of Science and TechnologySeoul01811Republic of Korea Faculty of Information Technology School of TechnologyVan Lang UniversityHo Chi Minh City70000Vietnam

The emergence of various technologies such as terahertz communications,Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces(RIS),and AI-powered communication services will burden network operators with rising infrastructure ***,the Open Radio Access Network(O-RAN)has been introduced as a solution for growing financial and operational burdens in Beyond 5G(B5G)and 6G networks.O-RAN promotes openness and intelligence to overcome the limitations of traditional *** disaggregating conventional Base Band Units(BBUs)into O-RAN Distributed Units(O-DU)and O-RAN Centralized Units(O-CU),O-RAN offers greater flexibility for upgrades and network ***,this openness introduces new security challenges compared to traditional *** existing studies overlook these security requirements of the O-RAN *** gain deeper insights into the O-RAN system and security,this paper first provides an overview of the general O-RAN architecture and its diverse use cases relevant to B5G and 6G *** then delve into specifications of O-RAN security threats and requirements,aiming to mitigate security vulnerabilities *** providing a comprehensive understanding of O-RAN architecture,use cases,and security considerations,thisworkserves as a valuable resource for future research in O-RAN and its security.

关键词： O-RAN architecture use cases security issues security requirements security discussions

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Threat Modeling for Honeypot Deployment 10

Threat Modeling for Honeypot Deployment

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10th IEEE information technology International Seminar, ITIS 2024

作者： Silaen, Kalpin Erlangga Gaol, Ford Lumban Supangkat, Suhono Harso Ranti, Benny Bina Nusantara University Binus Graduate Program - Computer Science Computer Science Department Jakarta Indonesia Institute of Technology Bandung Faculty of Digital Communication and Hotel & Tourism Bandung Indonesia Universitas Indonesia Faculty of Computer Science Depok Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331521295

The increasing complexity of cyber attacks, including 0-day vulnerabilities and APTs, has rendered traditional defenses like firewalls and IDS/IPS insufficient. Honeypots have been proposed as a solution to detect and analyze new attack types by simulating vulnerable systems and capturing malicious activities. However, the deployment of honeypots introduces unique risks, necessitating a comprehensive threat modeling approach to mitigate potential drawbacks. This paper explores the intersection of threat modeling and honeypot deployment, identifying threats, and proposing effective mitigation strategies. We applied a threat model adapted from a simplified PASTA framework based on risk-centric and proposed mitigation plans such as network segmentation, outbound traffic filtering, resource monitoring, and regular updates. Additionally, we discussed alternative honeypot deployments outside the organization's internal network to avoid arising risks. We found that deploying high-interaction honeypots carries high risks due to a broader attack flow. The novelty of this study lies in adapting the attack-flow approach for honeypot threat modeling, providing a structured method to analyze and mitigate honeypot-specific threats. Future research directions include conducting long-term studies and detailed case studies to further optimize the interaction between honeypot deployments and threat modeling for enhanced security outcomes. © 2024 IEEE.

关键词： Zero-day attack

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EduGym Post-Mortem: Open Educational Resource for Educational Game

EduGym Post-Mortem: Open Educational Resource for Educationa...

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2025 International Conference on Advancement in Data science, E-learning and information System, ICADEIS 2025

作者： Tarigan, Jos Timanta Zamzami, Elviawaty Muisa Zendrato, Niskarto Nababan, Anandhini Medianty Universitas Sumatera Utara Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology Medan Indonesia

ISBN: (纸本)9798331513320

This paper aims to delve into the development of EduGym, an educational microlearning game specifically designed for mobile platforms. The discussion highlights the implementation and integration of Open Educational Resources (OER) and examines their significant impact on the development process. The project strategically used OER as the primary content source to ensure seamless future content expansion without requiring changes to the core application. This approach also empowers other developers to repurpose and adapt the content for various educational applications. Furthermore, the paper addresses key challenges encountered during the development process from a software engineering standpoint, including maintaining flexibility, ensuring scalability, and managing resource allocation. The study outlines the overall architecture of EduGym, detailing the development workflow and the ways in which OER integration influenced both development and resource management. The aim is to offer valuable insights and practical guidance for developers and educators who are exploring similar methodologies, informed by the lessons learned and experiences gained through the creation of EduGym. © 2025 IEEE.

关键词： Game design

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RobustFace: a novel image restoration technique for face adversarial robustness improvement

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Multimedia Tools and Applications 2025年第11期84卷 8965-8993页

作者： Sadu, Chiranjeevi Das, Pradip K. Yannam, V Ramanjaneyulu Nayyar, Anand Department of Computer Science and Engineering RGUKT Nuzvid Andhra Pradesh Nuzvid India Department of Computer Science and Engineering IIT Guwahati Assam Guwahati India School of Technology Woxsen University Telangana Hyderabad India Graduate School Faculty of Information Technology Duy Tan University Da Nang550000 Viet Nam

Machine Learning (ML) models, particularly Deep Learning (DL), have made rapid progress and achieved significant milestones across various applications, including numerous safety-critical contexts. However, these models have recently been discovered to be susceptible to adversarial attacks, which are well-crafted input images. The primary objective of this paper is to propose a novel methodology titled "RobustFace", which is based on deep image restoration networks, that significantly improves the facial adversarial robustness of various image-classification models. Adversarial images are created using the Private Fast Gradient Sign Method (P-FGSM), StyleGAN and Fast Landmark Manipulation (FLM) methods. The adversarial images are then enhanced using deep image restoration networks to bring back them into the original space. The encoded weighted local magnitude patterns (WLMP) are extracted and provided to different types of classifiers to detect facial adversarial images from the clean images. The effectiveness of RobustFace has been demonstrated on two real-world datasets and experimental outcomes show that it significantly improves facial adversarial robustness on all evaluating classifiers. It improves the highest classification accuracy from 98.75% to 99.00% on P-FGSM attacks, from 77.94% to 85.25% on adversarial attacks generated by StyleGAN and from 65.52% to 69.50% for FLM attacks. © The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature 2024.

关键词： Image reconstruction

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A Lightweight Deep Learning-Based Model for Tomato Leaf Disease Classification

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computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第12期77卷 3969-3992页

作者： Naeem Ullah Javed Ali Khan Sultan Almakdi Mohammed S.Alshehri Mimonah Al Qathrady Eman Abdullah Aldakheel Doaa Sami Khafaga Department of Software Engineering University of Engineering and TechnologyTaxila4400Pakistan Department of Computer Science Faculty of PhysicsEngineeringand Computer ScienceUniversity of HertfordshireHatfieldAL109ABUK Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia Departments of Information Systems College of Computer Science and Information SystemsNajran UniversityNajran61441Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityRiyadh11671Saudi Arabia

Tomato leaf diseases significantly impact crop production,necessitating early detection for sustainable *** Learning(DL)has recently shown excellent results in identifying and classifying tomato leaf ***,current DL methods often require substantial computational resources,hindering their application on resource-constrained *** propose the Deep Tomato Detection Network(DTomatoDNet),a lightweight DL-based framework comprising 19 learnable layers for efficient tomato leaf disease classification to overcome *** Convn kernels used in the proposed(DTomatoDNet)framework is 1×1,which reduces the number of parameters and helps in more detailed and descriptive feature extraction for *** proposed DTomatoDNet model is trained from scratch to determine the classification success rate.10,000 tomato leaf images(1000 images per class)from the publicly accessible dataset,covering one healthy category and nine disease categories,are utilized in training the proposed DTomatoDNet *** specifically,we classified tomato leaf images into Target Spot(TS),Early Blight(EB),Late Blight(LB),Bacterial Spot(BS),Leaf Mold(LM),Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus(YLCV),Septoria Leaf Spot(SLS),Spider Mites(SM),Tomato Mosaic Virus(MV),and Tomato Healthy(H).The proposed DTomatoDNet approach obtains a classification accuracy of 99.34%,demonstrating excellent accuracy in differentiating between tomato *** model could be used on mobile platforms because it is lightweight and designed with fewer *** farmers can utilize the proposed DTomatoDNet methodology to detect disease more quickly and easily once it has been integrated into mobile platforms by developing a mobile application.

关键词： CNN deep learning DTomatoDNet tomato leaf disease classification smart agriculture

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Unsupervised multiplex graph diffusion networks with multi-level canonical correlation analysis for multiplex graph representation learning

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science China(information sciences) 2025年第3期68卷 66-79页

作者： Sichao FU Qinmu PENG Yange HE Baokun DU Bin ZOU Xiao-Yuan JING Xinge YOU School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and Technology Platform Operation and Marketing Center JD Retail Faculty of Mathematics and Statistics Hubei Key Laboratory of Applied Mathematics Hubei University School of Computer Science Wuhan University

In recent years, unsupervised multiplex graph representation learning(UMGRL) has received increasing research interest, which aims to learn discriminative node features from the multiplex graphs supervised by data without the guidance of labels. Although these designed UMGRL methods have obtained great success in various graph-related tasks, most existing UMGRL models still have the following issues: highly depending on complex self-supervised strategies(i.e., data augmentation,pretext tasks, and negative pairs sampling), restricted receptive fields, and only aggregating low-frequency information between nodes. In this paper, we propose a simple unsupervised multiplex graph diffusion network(UMGDN) with the aid of multi-level canonical correlation analysis to solve the above issues. Specifically, we first decouple the feature transform and propagation processes of the graph convolution layer to further improve the generalization of the learnable parameters. And then, we propose adaptive diffusion propagation to capture long-range dependency relationships between nodes, not the local neighborhood interactions. Finally, a multi-level canonical correlation analysis loss on both the feature transform and propagation processes is proposed to maximize the correlation of the same node features from multiple graphs for guiding model optimization. Compared to the existing UMGRL models, our proposed UMGDN does not need to introduce any data augmentation, negative pairs sampling techniques, complex pretext tasks, and also adaptively aggregates the optimal frequency information between nodes to generate more robust node embeddings. Extensive experiments on four popular datasets and two graph-related tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

关键词： unsupervised multiplex graph representation learning graph neural networks node classification node clustering

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Enhancing students' learning achievements, self-efficacy, and motivation using mobile augmented reality

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Journal of computer Assisted Learning 2024年第4期40卷 1823-1837页

作者： Aldeeb, Fatimah H. Sallabi, Omar M. Elaish, Monther M. Hwang, Gwo-Jen Computer Network College of Computer Technology Benghazi Libya Computer Science The Libyan Academy Benghazi Libya Software Engineering Information Technology Faculty University of Benghazi Benghazi Libya Computer Science Information Technology Faculty University of Benghazi Benghazi Libya Graduate Institute of Educational Information and Measurement National Taichung University of Education Taichung City Taiwan Graduate Institute of Digital Learning and Education National Taiwan University of Science and Technology Taipei City Taiwan Yuan Ze University Taoyuan City Taiwan

Background: This paper examines the use of augmented reality (AR) as a concept-association tool in schools, with the aim of enhancing primary school students' learning outcomes and engagement. Conflicting findings exist in previous studies regarding the cognitive load of AR-enriched learning, with some reporting reduced load and others indicating increased demand and poorer performance. Understanding these implications is essential for effectively leveraging AR in education. The study offers a fresh perspective on the potential of AR technology in improving educational experiences. Objectives: The primary goal of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of an AR-assisted concept-association strategy for improving essential knowledge acquisition and skills outcomes, increasing cognitive load, and increasing self-efficacy and learning motivation among primary school students. Methods: A quasi-experimental design with a control group was employed to investigate the effectiveness of the intervention. Results and Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the implementation of the AR-assisted concept-association strategy effectively enhanced essential knowledge acquisition and skills outcomes, increased cognitive load, and increased self-efficacy and learning motivation among primary school students. These findings highlight the potential of AR technology to improve the learning experience and engagement of primary school students. The study contributes to the existing literature on the effectiveness of AR technology in education, suggesting future research directions. Ultimately, it offers a practical solution for improving the learning experience by presenting a new approach for teaching using AR technology. © 2024 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.

关键词： augmented reality biology education cognitive load learning motivation mobile learning self-efficacy

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Sports Events Recognition Using Multi Features and Deep Belief Network

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computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第10期81卷 309-326页

作者： Bayan Alabdullah Muhammad Tayyab Yahay AlQahtani Naif Al Mudawi Asaad Algarni Ahmad Jalal Jeongmin Park Department of Information Systems College of Computer and Information SciencesPrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science Air UniversityIslamabad44000Pakistan Department of Computer Science Applied CollegeKing Khalid UniversityAbha61421Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Science College of Computer Science and Information SystemNajran UniversityNajran55461Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Sciences Faculty of Computing and Information TechnologyNorthern Border UniversityRafha91911Saudi Arabia Department of Computer Engineering Korea Polytechnic UniversitySiheung-siGyeonggi-do237Republic of Korea

In the modern era of a growing population,it is arduous for humans to monitor every aspect of sports,events occurring around us,and scenarios or *** recognition of different types of sports and events has increasingly incorporated the use of machine learning and artificial *** research focuses on detecting and recognizing events in sequential photos characterized by several factors,including the size,location,and position of people’s body parts in those pictures,and the influence around those *** approaches utilized,here are feature descriptors such as MSER(Maximally Stable Extremal Regions),SIFT(Scale-Invariant Feature Transform),and DOF(degree of freedom)between the joint points are applied to the skeleton ***,for the same purposes,other features such as BRISK(Binary Robust Invariant Scalable Keypoints),ORB(Oriented FAST and Rotated BRIEF),and HOG(Histogram of Oriented Gradients)are applied on full body or *** integration of these techniques increases the discriminative nature of characteristics retrieved in the identification process of the event,hence improving the efficiency and reliability of the entire *** extracted features are passed to the early fusion and DBscan for feature fusion and *** deep belief,network is employed for *** results demonstrate a separate experiment’s detection average recognition rate of 87%in the HMDB51 video database and 89%in the YouTube database,showing a better perspective than the current methods in sports and event identification.

关键词： Machine learning silhouettes extremal regions joint points scalable keypoints

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The Large Language Models on Biomedical Data Analysis: A Survey

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IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics 2025年第6期29卷 4486-4497页

作者： Lan, Wei Tang, Zhentao Liu, Mingyang Chen, Qingfeng Peng, Wei Chen, Yiping Phoebe Pan, Yi Guangxi University School of Computer Electronic and Information Nanning530004 China Kunming University of Science and Technology Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation Kunming650500 China La Trobe University Department of Computer Science and Information Technology MelbourneVIC3086 Australia Chinese Academy of Sciences Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology Shenzhen518055 China

With the rapid development of Large Language Model (LLM) technology, it has become an indispensable force in biomedical data analysis research. However, biomedical researchers currently have limited knowledge about LLM. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a summary of LLM applications in biomedical data analysis. Herein, we propose this review by summarizing the latest research work on LLM in biomedicine. In this review, LLM techniques are first outlined. We then discuss biomedical datasets and frameworks for biomedical data analysis, followed by a detailed analysis of LLM applications in genomics, proteomics, transcriptomics, radiomics, single-cell analysis, medical texts and drug discovery. Finally, the challenges of LLM in biomedical data analysis are discussed. In summary, this review is intended for researchers interested in LLM technology and aims to help them understand and apply LLM in biomedical data analysis research. © 2013 IEEE.

关键词： Data consistency

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