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International Symposium on Parallel and Distributed Processing (IPDPS)

作者： F. Mehdipour M.S. Zamani H.R. Ahmadifar M. Sedighi K. Murakami IT and Computer Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology슠 Tehran Iran Engineering Faculty Guilan University Rasht Iran Department of Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Eletrical Engineering Kyushu University Fukuoka Japan

ISBN: (纸本)9781424400546

In reconfigurable systems, reconfiguration latency is a very important factor which impact the system performance. In this paper, a framework is proposed that integrates the temporal partitioning and physical design phases to perform a static compilation process for reconfigurable computing systems. A temporal partitioning algorithm is proposed which attempts to decrease the time of reconfiguration on a partially reconfigurable hardware. This algorithm attempts to find similar single or pair of operations between subsequent partitions. Considering similar pairs instead of single nodes brings about less complexity for routing process. By using this technique, smaller reconfiguration bit-stream is obtained, which directly decreases the reconfiguration overhead time at the run-time. A complementary algorithm attempts to increase the similarity of subsequent partitions by searching for similar pairs and using a technique called dummy node insertion. An incremental physical design process based on similar configurations produced in the partitioning stage improves the metrics over iterations.

关键词： Physics computing Partitioning algorithms Routing Field programmable gate arrays Hardware Design engineering Integrated circuit interconnections Informatics information science Delay

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Effectiveness of an integrated CASE tool for productivity and quality of software developments

Effectiveness of an integrated CASE tool for productivity an...

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作者： Tsuda, Michio Ishikawa, Sadahiro Ohno, Osamu Harada, Akira Takahashi, Mayumi Kusumoto, Shinji Inoue, Katsuro Graduate School of Information Science and Technology Osaka University Japan Hitachi Systems and Services Ltd. Japan Hitachi Ltd. Japan Software Engineering Department Hitachi Systems and Services Ltd. Japan IPSJ Japan Engineering Support Division Hitachi. Ltd. Japan Information Technology Division Hitachi Ltd. Japan Japan Information Processing Service CO. Ltd. Japan SPM Osaka University Japan IEEE IEEE Computer Society JFPUG ACM

This is commonly thought that CASE tools reduce programming efforts and increase development productivity. However, no paper has provide quantitative data supporting the matter. This paper discusses productivity improvement through the use of an integrated CASE tool system named EAGLE (Effective Approach to Achieving High Level Software Productivity), as shown by various data collected in Hitachi from the 1980s to the 2000s. We have evaluated productivity by using three metrics, 1) program generation rate using reusable program skeletons and components, 2) fault density at two test phase, and 3) learning curve for the education of inexperienced programmers. We will show that productivity has been improved by the various facilities of EAGLE. Copyright © 2006 The Institute of Electronics, information and Communication Engineers.

关键词： computer aided software engineering

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Dynamic wide-area scene visualization using an active camera

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Systems and computers in Japan 2006年第8期37卷 101-112页

作者： Tokai, Shogo Yumiba, Ryo Wu, Xiaojun Matsuyama, Takashi Faculty of Engineering University of Fukui Fukui 910-8507 Japan Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Department of Information Science Faculty of Engineering University of Fukui Information Processing Society of Japan Hitachi Research Institute of Hitachi Ltd. Cyber Space Laboratories Department of Intelligence Science and Technology Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University International Association for Pattern Recognition IEICE Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence IEEE Computer Society

This paper will discuss a method for presenting a surveillance image captured by an active camera such as one that actively tracks a moving subject as an image that is easily understood by an observer. Active camera surveillance images generally have a narrow field of view, and changes in the line-of-sight direction of an automatic camera make it difficult for an observer to intuitively understand the scene. However, enhancement of the observer's ability to comprehend the scene can be anticipated by adding a wide-angle panoramic image to the periphery of the narrow-field observed image and presenting it as an image that has a wider field of view. In order for an observer to understand conditions in a remote location, the observed image and the panoramic image must be integrated with geometric/photometric consistency. The present paper will discuss a method of geometric integration using a fixed-viewpoint camera, and a method of photometric integration by modeling of brightness variation by eigenimage analysis. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Cameras

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An integrated temporal partitioning and physical design framework for real-time reconfigurable systems

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WSEAS Transactions on Circuits and Systems 2006年第2期5卷 248-255页

作者： Mehdipour, Farhad Zamani, Morteza Saheb Ahmadifar, Hamid. R. Sedighi, Mehdi Murakami, Kazuaki Computer and IT Engineering Department Amirkabir University of Technology # 424 Hafez Ave Tehran Iran Engineering Faculty Guilan University Engineerinf Faculty Rasht Iran Department of Informatics Graduate School of Information Science and Electrical Engineering Kyushu University 6-1 Kasuga-Koen Kasuga Fukuoka 816-8580 Japan

In a reconfigurable system, configurations are swapped in/out at run-time duration. The number of reconfigurations is an important factor to determine the overall run-time and reconfiguration overhead time is usually the dominant time factor. We have generated a framework for temporal partitioning and physical design of data flow graphs for a real-time environment. In this work, a temporal partitioning algorithm is presented which partitions data flow graphs in a real-time domain. Timing constraint is a critical factor in temporal partitioning of real-time reconfigurable design. We propose an incremental temporal partitioning algorithm for real-time reconfigurable applications. In this algorithm, the maximum number of partitions which is appropriate for running input data flow graph at the specified time is determined. Also, appropriate device size is determined with respect to the number of partitions. An iterative partitioning process tries to perform the partitioning to obtain desired the number of partitions after an initial partitioning. Also, a post processing algorithm attempts to minimize the required device size. In this algorithm, selecting the appropriate nodes and moving them between subsequent partitions results in more area balanced partitions and less number of partitions.

关键词： Real time systems

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Background subtraction under varying illumination

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Systems and computers in Japan 2006年第4期37卷 77-88页

作者： Matsuyama, Takashi Wada, Toshikazu Habe, Hitoshi Tanahashi, Kazuya Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University Kyoto 606-8501 Japan Mitsubishi Electric Corporation NTT Data Corporation Department of Intelligence Science and Technology Graduate School of Informatics Kyoto University International Association for Pattern Recognition IEICE Information Processing Society of Japan Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence IEEE Computer Society Department of Computer and Communication Sciences Faculty of Systems Engineering Wakayama University IEEE

Background subtraction is widely used as an effective method for detecting moving objects in a video image. However, background subtraction requires a prerequisite in that image variation cannot be observed, and the range of application is limited. Proposed in this research paper is a method for detecting moving objects by using background subtraction that can be applied to cases in which the image has varied due to varying illumination. This method is based on two object detection methods that are based on different lines of thinking. One method compares the background image and the observed image using invariant features of illumination. The other method estimates the illumination conditions of the observed image and normalizes the brightness before carrying out background subtraction. These two methods are complementary, and highly precise detection results can be obtained by ultimately integrating the detection results of both methods. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Lighting

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A web-based integrated education system for a seamless environment among teachers, students, and administrators

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Systems and computers in Japan 2006年第5期37卷 14-24页

作者： Hanakawa, Noriko Akazawa, Yoshiko Mori, Akira Maeda, Toshiyuki Inoue, Shunji Tsutsui, Shigeyoshi Faculty of Management Information Hannan University Matsubara 580-8502 Japan System Engineering Division Solutions and Services Educational Solutions Group Fujitsu Limited Tokyo 105-7123 Japan Research Center for Computer Science Hannan University Matsubara 580-8502 Japan Faculty of Management Information Hannan University Corporate Information Graduate School Information Processing Society of Japan IEEE System Engineering Division Solutions and Services Educational Solutions Group Research Center for Computer Science Faculty of Management Information Hannan University Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan Japanese Society for Artificial Intelligence Japan Fuzzy Knowledge and Information Society Institute of Systems Control and Information Engineers

The authors created a Web-based integrated education support system that unified the data in the administrative system and the education system in a university. The purpose of the system was to make the administrative system and education system data that had previously been separated seamless, and to implement seamless access from inside and outside the university while maintaining security. Moreover, the authors emphasized the development of a portal site as a point of contact for the system. As a result of using software packages and existing technology for the other servers and databases, and making a policy of not changing the administrative system at all, the authors were able to create the system in a short period of 5 months. After the system was operational, preparation and review for class could be done at home, and evaluations of reports and final determinations of grades could be done from outside the university. This confirmed that the education system was effective. Finally, the authors looked at the trouble and performance problems that occurred involving local rules in the business department during operation, as well as countermeasures for them. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Learning systems

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A Software-Based Method for Test Vector Compression in Testing System-on-a-Chip

A Software-Based Method for Test Vector Compression in Testi...

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IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement technology Conference

作者： Satyendra Biswas Sunil R. Das Department of Electrical Engineering and Technology Georgia Southern University Statesboro GA USA School of Information Technology and Engineering Faculty of Engineering University of Ottawa Ottawa ONT Canada Department of Computer and Information Science Troy University Montgomery AL USA

A new software-based hybrid test vector compression method for testing system-on-a-chip (SOC) using an embedded processor is presented in this paper. In the proposed approach, a software program is first loaded into the on-chip processor memory core together with the compressed test data set. In order to reduce on-chip storage as well as testing time, the large volume of test data input is compressed in a hybrid fashion before being downloaded into the processor. The method combines a set of adaptive coding techniques for the required test data compression. The compression program, however, need not be loaded into the embedded processor, since only the decompression of test data is necessary for application by the automatic test equipment (ATE). Most importantly, this software-based hybrid scheme requires minimal hardware overhead, while the on-chip embedded processor core can be reused for normal operation after the testing is completed. In the paper, only the compression part of the technique is presented, and the efficiency of the suggested hybrid approach is demonstrated through simulation experiments on ISCAS 85 combinational and ISCAS 89 full-scan sequential benchmark circuits

关键词： Software testing System testing System-on-a-chip Adaptive coding Test data compression Automatic testing Application software Automatic test equipment Hardware Circuit testing

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Overview of research and development on seamless networking technologies

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Journal of the National Institute of information and Communications technology 2006年第4期53卷 91-100页

作者： Morikawa, Hiroyuki Inoue, Masugi Hasegaw, Mikio Murakami, Homare Mahmud, Khaled Ryoki, Nobuo Pyo, Chang Woo Tran, Ha Nguyen Minami, Masateru Teraoka, Fumio Department of Frontier Informatics Graduate School of Frontier Sciences University of Tokyo Ubiquitous Mobile Communications Group New Generation Wireless Communications Research Center North South University Bangladesh Department of Electronic Engineering Faculty of Engineering Shibaura Institute of Technology Network Architecture Group New Generation Network Research Center Kyushu Research Center Collaborative Research Management Group Department of Information and Computer Science Faculty of Science and Technology Keio University

National Institute of information and Communications technology of Japan (NICT) completed a project on new-generation mobile communications networks for beyond 3G or 4G in March 2006. This paper presents our vision of new-generation mobile communications networks from networking perspective and their capabilities to be offered: fast and large-capacity handover, cross-network handover, cross-device handover, and interworking between real and cyber worlds. Then, Metro Mobile Ring network technology for the first capability, MIRAI architecture for the second and third capabilities, and other works are presented.

关键词： Research and development management

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Reflectance-field-based separation of surface reflection components

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Kyokai Joho Imeji Zasshi/Journal of the Institute of Image information and Television Engineers 2006年第4期60卷 609-617页

作者： Zhang, Xiaohua Kobayashi, Kiichi Saito, Suguru Nakajima, Masayuki Hiroshima Institute of Technology 2-1-1 Miyake Saeki-ku Hiroshima 731-5193 Japan NHK Engineering Services Inc. 1-10-11 Kinuta Setagaya-ku Tokyo 157-8510 Japan Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1 Ookaya Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan Department of Computer Science Faculty of the Graduate School of Information Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Tokyo Japan Department of Imaging Science and Engineering Tokyo Institute of Technology Yokohama Japan

Light reflected from an object to a camera is a mixture of light from specular and diffuse reflection. This has important implications for many computer vision tasks, such as image matching and understanding. Many applications, for example, digital contents production, photorealistic image synthesis, and motion analysis, may require the diffuse and specular reflection to be separated. We present an approach for separating the diffuse and specular components of object surface reflection. This approach is based on the well-known dichromatic reflection model, however it separates reflections from reflectance fields constructed for every point on a 3-D object surface. Our method can prevent having to segment image into several uniformly-colored areas. Our method can thus separate reflection from an object surface with a complicated texture. We analyzed the properties of the reflectance field constructed from original frames and showed how to separate reflection components for each 3-D point. Experiments on real scenes showed that our method was successful.

关键词： Optical variables measurement

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Development of a virtual needle biopsy simulation system for the virtual prostate

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Systems and computers in Japan 2006年第1期37卷 93-104页

作者： Deguchi, Daisuke Mori, Kensaku Mekada, Yoshito Hasegawa, Jun-Ichi Toriwaki, Jun-Ichiro Noguchi, Masanori Graduate School of Engineering Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8603 Japan School of Computer and Cognitive Sciences Chukyo University Toyota 470-0393 Japan School of Medicine Department of Urology Kurume University Kurume 830-0011 Japan Faculty of Information Science Chukyo University Graduate School of Information Science Nagoya University Leice IEEE Japanese Society of Biomedical Engineering Japanese Society of Medical Imaging Technology Japan Medical Image Engineering Society Computer-Assisted Diagnostics Society School of Life System Science and Technology IPSJ JSAI JSMEBE JAMIT CADM JSSF IEEE CS Chukyo University Nagoya University Information Processing Society Computer-Assisted Image Diagnostics Society Department of Urology Japanese Urological Association Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Japan Cancer Society Japanese Society of Endourology and ESWL European Urological Association American Urological Association

This paper discusses the virtual prostate needle biopsy system and the construction of the virtual prostate model, considering the actual distribution of prostate abnormalities. A needle biopsy simulation is performed for the constructed virtual prostate, and the actual biopsy procedure in the clinical situation is evaluated. The prostate needle biopsy is a histologic diagnosis procedure in which a sample is acquired from the prostate tissue by needle biopsy and is inspected under a microscope. In order to achieve reliable prostate needle biopsy, it is necessary to consider systematically and numerically the number of needles required, and their locations and insertion angles. For such a purpose, a system is developed in which a virtual prostate is constructed on a computer and the biopsy procedure is evaluated quantitatively by performing virtually the prostate needle biopsy. Furthermore, two different models are constructed, for the prostate with and without hypertrophy, based on the actual statistical distribution data for prostate abnormalities. Each model is partitioned into the peripheral zone and the transition zone. The constructed virtual prostate is input into the virtual needle biopsy simulation system, and three different systematic biopsy procedures actually used at clinical sites, and four different needle biopsy procedures, are experimentally evaluated. The experiments show that the insertion angle that maximizes the hit probability is not always the same as the insertion angle that maximizes cancer sample acquisition. It is evident that the proposed method can indicate a biopsy procedure which realizes a high hit probability with a small number of needles. © 2005 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

关键词： Biopsy

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